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Tarbarb College Librarp 





FROM THE GIFT OF 


WILLIAM ENDICOTT, Jr. 
(Class of 1887) 


OF BOSTON 



















ui pracrach 
Gj aioe 
is 

i ae 


oniuin it 


corcomruad 













coumarcne 
P Cirle tolav 


hve 


och ecursan 


Be, 
Lil 


úmalt 
vuaétraé 


en, 








on 


a 


CHOROGRAPHICAL DESCRIPTION 


WEST OR H-IAR CONNAUGHT, 


WRITTEN A.D. 1684, 


BY RODERIC O’FLAHERTY, ESQ, 


AUTHOR OF THE “ OGYGIA.” 


EDITED, FROM A MS. IN THE LIBRARY OF TRINITY COLLKGE, DUBLIN, 
WITH NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS, 


BY JAMES HARDIMAN, M.R.LA. 





DUBLIN: 
FOR THE IRISH ARCHZOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 


MDCCCXLVI. 


Ao W10.9.9 MARVARD COLLEGE LIBRARY 
MAR 15 1921 


“A 


GIFT 82: 
WILLIA;; ENDICOTT, JR. 


THIS COPY WAS PRINTED FOR 


EDWARD WILMOT CHETWODE, Ese. 


MEMBER OF THE. SOCIETY. 


DUBLIN : 
PRINTED AT THE UNIVERSITY PRES, 
BY M. H. GIL. 


IRISH ARCHAAOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 


FOUNDED MDCCCXL. 


Patron : 
HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS THE PRINCE ALBERT. 


President : 


His Grace THE Duke oF Leinster, M.R.I.A. 


Council : 
Elected December 19th, 1845. 


Tae Marquis or Kirpare, M. RK. I. A. 

Tae EARL or Leitrim, M.R.I. A. 

Tue Viscount ApaREg M. P., M.R. I. A. 

Rev. SAMuEL Burcuer, A. M., M. R. 1. A. 
JamMES Harpiman, Esq., M. R. L. A. 

Wiuiam E. Hupson, Ese., M.R.I. A. 
Captain Larcom, R. E., V. P. R.1. A. 

JAMES Mac Cuttracu, Eso., LL. D., M. R. L A. 
GerorcE Perrier, Ese., R.H. A., V. P. RI. A. 
Aguitta Smitu, M.D., M.R. 1. A. 

JosEePH H. Smitu, Eso. A. M., M.R.I.A., Treasurer. 
Rev. J. H. Topp, D. D., M. R. 1. A., Secretary. 








HE following Chorographical Description of the Ter- 
ritory of West or H-Iar Connaught, now first printed, 
was written in A.D. 1684, by Roderic O'Flaherty, 
author of the Ogygia, or Chronology of Irish events. 
It is one of many similar treatises, compiled about 
that period by several learned individuals, for the 
purpose, as is said, of illustrating the celebrated Down Survey of 
Treland, by Sir William Petty. After a general view of the bounda- 
ries, extent, and baronies of H-Iar Connaught, the author, p. 7, defines 
its borders, beginning with Lough Measg (Mask), in the north of 
the barony of Ross, and proceeding, by the eastern limits, towards 
the south, including Lough Orbsen (Corrib), he turns to the west, 
by the Bay of Galway, and thence continues northward, along the 
shores of the Atlantic, to the Killary harbour, which flows inland, 
in the direction of Lough Mask, where he began. A general descrip- 
tion is then given of the state and appearance of the interior, its 
mountains, mines, woods, soil, rivers, and lakes; the bays and har- 
bours round the coast ; the productions of the country, as fish, fowl, 

IRISH ARCH. SOC. 15. b beasts, 





vl 

beasts, &c.; the ruins of ancient churches, chapels, and other religious 
places ; and, finally, the natural disposition of the natives. After which, 
p. 17, the two great lakes, Mask and Corrib, with some of the islands 
in the latter, are particularly described ; p. 27, the river, town, and 
bay of Galway; p.44, the half barony of Ross; p. 52, the barony 
of Moycullen ; p.65, the three islands of Aran; and p. ga, to the 
end, the barony of Ballynahinch (Conamara), which completes the 
district. The boundaries, extent, and remarkable places so described, 
may be traced by their ancient names on the annexed map of Iar- 
Connaught, and of Ui Briuin Seola, the present barony of Clare, in 
the County of Galway, as they existed in and previous to the six- 
teenth century. 

In this work Mr. O’Flaherty has given additional proofs of his 
discrimination, judgment, and learning. That he has far exceeded 
his contemporary contributors, will appear by a comparison of his 
treatise with the others produced at the same time, and for the 
same purpose. One only of these has been hitherto published, be- 
ing a Description of the County of Westmeath, by Sir Henry Piers, 
printed by Vallancey in the first Number of his Collectanea de Rebus 
Hibernicis, and also in a separate form; but the puerility, prejudice, 
and irrelevant disquisitions which pervade that “ Itinerary,” render 
its inferiority to this of our author at once manifest. Some of the 
other treatises alluded to still remain in MS. in the Library of Trinity 
College, Dublin. Among them is a short description of the County 
of Leitrim, compiled by Thady Rody, which appears deserving of pre- 
servation ; and is, indeed, the only one of the entire, worthy of being 
classed with the following description of West-Connaught. 

As nearly two hundred years had elapsed since our Author 
collected the information contained in this curious treatise, it was 
found necessary, as soon as its publication had been resolved 
upon by the Irish Archeological Society, to illustrate the text with 


various 


Vil 


various explanations, and some additional information. At the re- 
quest of friends, who were pleased to think more favourably of the 
Editor than he is conscious of having merited, he was induced to under- 
take that task, and the result of his labours will be found in the Notes 
and Appendix which follow. Among those are interspersed several 
original documents, never before published, which have been carefully 
transcribed by the Editor, from various public repositories and private 
collections ; and these original papers may now be considered as so 
many authentic additions to the materials of Irish history. Most of 
them have been introduced as illustrative of the territory treated of, 
and others as connected with the province at large. Many will be 
found of curious import, containing interesting information ; particu- 
larly those relating to the Provincial Composition of A. D. 1585; a 
proceeding with which our historical writers for the two last centu- 
ries appear to have been but little, if at all, acquainted. A conside- 
ration of the imperfect state of Irish history in general, and of that of 
this western province in particular, has led to the insertion of many of 
those documents; and the opportunity was considered favourable, as a 
means for their preservation. Some of them may prove useful to 
future writers; and the correctness and authenticity of the entire may 
be safely relied upon. The humble, but laborious duty which de- 
volved on the Editor, he has thus endeavoured to perform, “et com- 
muni ductus officio, et amore quodam operis.” No pains have been 
spared to render the publication in some degree worthy of the repu- 
tation of the author of the Ogygia, and the high character of our 
Archeological Society, which is silently achieving so much good for 
the history of Ireland. How far the Editor may have succeeded is 
not for himself to determine. But if this work shall be found to 
have promoted, even in the slightest degree, any of the objects of the 
Society, he will feel, as expressed on a former occasion, amply requited 
for all his labour. “ Ex hoc quocunque labore, si utilitatem aliquam per- 

b2 cipias, 


vill 
cipias, me opera non penitebit, imd horas succisivas ita impensas, me 
bené collocisse existimabo.”— Wareus noster, lectori Antiq. Hiberniv. 

To the natives of H-Iar Connaught, or the descendants of its old 
families, the Editor is not indebted for much information, written or 
otherwise, except some few traditional narratives; and of the latter, 
such as could not be verified from other sources have been rejected. 
Several extracts relating to the islands of Aran, the Civil Distribu- 
tion, temp. Car. IJ., and other subjects connected with the district, 
have been omitted, rather than trespass on the indulgence of the 
Society, which has liberally permitted this volume to be increased 
far beyond its intended limits. It is hoped, however, that sufficient 
has been given to illustrate our author's description, and to diffuse a 
knowledge of this part of Ireland, which may eventually lead to the 
moral and social improvement of its population. This work may, 
moreover, indicate what might be expected, in the way of documen- 
tary history, from other parts of the kingdom, when even so much 
could be elicited from so unpromising a locality as H-Iar Connaught. 
A series of publications on a similar plan, from each province or 
county, accompanied with original documents, would add considera- 
bly to our national lore, and, probably, form an important part of the 
true “Materia Historica” of the country. 

To his erudite friend, John O’Donovan, the Editor stands obliged 
for several judicious observations, together with the map which 
accompanies this work; and to Dr. Todd, of Trinity College, and 
Dr. Aquilla Smith, of Dublin, he is likewise indebted for many faci- 
lities of obtaining information, and for much useful assistance, to 
which particularly may be attributed the general correctness with 
which the entire has passed through the press. The untiring zeal 
of these learned members of the Irish Archeological Society, on the 
present and every other occasion, to promote its interests, entitles 
them to the warmest acknowledgments of that body. 

. The 


1X 

The Right Honourable the Earl of Leitrim, always anxious to 
forward the objects of the Society, has been kindly pleased to com- 
municate some original papers written by Mr. O'Flaherty, which will 
be found printed in the Appendix. From one of these is given a fac- 
simile of a letter (see p. 431), which may prove serviceable in identi- 
fying any of his writings that may hereafter be discovered. The “ Ogy- 
gia Christiana,” said to remain in manuscript among his relations in 
Connaught, was considered by the venerable Charles O’Conor as the 
most valuable of our author’s works. 

To the Right Rev. Doctor O’Donnell, Roman Catholic Bishop of 
Galway, and Michael J. Browne, Esq., of Moyne, in that county, the 
Editor has to return his grateful thanks for the use of several ancient 
documents. He has also to express his obligations to Captain Larcom, 
of the Royal Engineers ; and to Sir Thomas Phillipps, Bart., of Middle- 
hill, Broadway, Worcestershire, for the kindness and liberality with 
which that gentleman has permitted access to his valuable collection 
of manuscripts, among which is preserved our author’s autograph copy 
of the following treatise. 


J. H. 


ERBATA. 
Pa 


8. Notes, col. 2, last line, read “ O’Dowda.” 

10. Notes, col. 1, L 18, read madpadcpoinn—tL 14, read eapdg. 
44. Notes, col. 1, L 21, read ‘‘ Ballynahinch.” 

185. Line 31, read “ Connac.” 

217. Line 82, read “ Meray.” 

869. Notes, col. 2, L 5, read 70. 

377. Line 24, for “ Ca-” read “ Cathal.” 

$99. Notes, col. 2, |. 18, read “ posterity.” 


RS GS PERN Sh Sa ee ce 


LIST OF ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS 


CONTAINED IN THE NOTES AND APPENDIX TO THIS WORK, AND NOT 
HERETOFORE PRINTED. 


Page. 

1. Narrative of an extraordinary Cure at St. Augustine s Well, near Galway. A. D. 
1673, . . . ee é. + 88 
2. List of the Christian Kings of Connaught, by Peter O'Connell, eis . 138 
3. Account of the Regal Family of O'Conor of Connaught, by Charles O'Conor, . 184 

4. Rights, Privileges, and Revenues of the Kings of Connaught, from Leabhar na 
g-ceart, . . 142 

5. The Chieftains and Territories of Connaught i in the twelfth Century, from o' Du- 
gan's “ Triallam timceall na Fodhia.” . . . . 144 
6. The Battle of Knock-tow (Cnoc d-taadh), A. D. 1504, from the Book of Howth, . 149 
7. Bulla pro Par. de Gnowceg (Gnobeg) A.D. 1487 . . . . . . . . . . . 156 
8, —__—— Skryne et Muchulin, A. D. 1492, . . . 2. 2. «© 2. 2 ee é é. 159 
9, —___—_- Scrine et Clonbirn, A. D. 1495, . . ...... 2.2.2... 161 
10. —___—- Ecclesia de Meculyn, A.D. 1496, . . . . 2... 2... . . 163 
11, —___—. Furanmor et Meray, A.D. 1496, . . . . . » 165 
12. Excommunicatio contra Malefactores in Collegium (Galvie), A. D. 1501, . . 167 
13. Bulla pro Rectoria de Tiraglas, et Vicariis de Kynmara et Ballinclare, A. D. 1502, 168 
14, —____ Ricardo De Burgo, Canonico Duacensi, A. D. I511,. . . . . . 171 
15. Processus de Gnobegge, &c., A. D. 1497, . . . cu ww ew we NGA 
16. Ecclesiastical Division of West Connaught, A. D. 1615, . ris 9 
17. Declaration against Transporting of Wolfe Dogges, A.D. 1652, . . . . . . 180 
18. Declaration touchinge the Poore, A.D. 1653, . . . . ee ew ws A81 
19, Declaration touching Wolves, A. D. 1653, . . . 2. 2. 2... ee é ie. ib. 
20. Order touching poore Vagrants, A. D. 1653, . . . 182 

21. Letter of King Edw. VI. that the Irish may eat fleshe at all times forbidden, A. D. 
55], . . 2. 1. 1 ee ee . - eo 6 ws ws. 184 


22. 


x11 


. Placita apud Tristeldermot—Ricardus de Burgo Comes Ultonie, A.D. 1305, . . 189 
. Peticon of John Blake, alias Caddle, A. D. 1640, . . . - 6 . » . 192 
Report on the Petition of John Blake, alias Caddle, A. D. 1640, rae 194 
Carta Thome de Hebrigge, facta Ricardo Cadel, A.D. 1315, . . . - » - 195 
Carta Philippi filii Willielmi Erla, facta Joh. f. Walteri Blak, A. D. 1391, ~ 2 . 196 


. Carta Kating Hannyn, A. D. 1394,,. . . . . 197 
Inventarium Bonorum et Debitorum Johannis oge - Blake, et ejus Testamentum, 
A.D. 1420,. . . é eo 6 ww 6 198 


Laudum Wil. de Burgo : sue , Nacionis Capitanei, be. A. D. 1424, oe eo we ws 201 
. Dede of delyveraunc of vi. marc x* to Sandere lynche, & al. A.D. 1430, . . . 203 
Betwyxt Wil. Blake, £ Gefferey and hry Blake fz. John for the devittion of all 


SSB BNERERR 


ther lands, A. D. 1445, . . - ib. 
32. Arbitryment inter William fy. Geffray et Johan, fy. Fearr Blake, A A. p. 1445, - 204 
33. Mayst Manes M‘Donkyth ys dede, A. D. 1449, . . . “ .. 205 
34. Testamentum Johannis f. Hen. Blak, A. D. 1468, . . see se ee é... ib, 
35. Sententia lata inter Ric. et Nico. Blake, &c. A. D. 1543, oe 210 
36. The Order taken betywxt Job. Wak wee & rr Blaks, by y* lord “Chaunseler, 
A.D. 1553,. . . . . ii 
37. Pettegree of John Blake, alias Caddle, oe see ee é ee 212 
38. Regal Visitation of the College of Galway, A. D. 1615, ii 214 
39. Concessio iv. Marcar. in puram Elemosinam, Parochiali Ecclesie S. Nicolai, A. D. 
1435. . . . é. é. 215 
40. Dispensacio Maritagii p pro Valtero Blake et J aliana Lynch, A. D. 1472, . « « 216 
41. Colacio Archiepiscopi super Rectoriam et Vicariam de Furanmor, et Vicariam de 
Mevay, A.D. 1487, . . . oe eo we we 217 
42. Colacio Archiepiscopi super Rectoriam de Rawyn, A D. 1488, 2 ee ee 6218 
43. Resignatio Vicarie de Moculyn, A. D. 1488, . . oe oe e s 219 
44. Conventum inter Gul. de Burgo et Majorem Galwy, A. D. 1488, 2 ee es 220 
45. Unio Ecclesiarum de Kyllcommyn et Killruyn Collegio, A. D. 1488, . . . . 22 
46. Littere inhibitorie contra Richardum de Burgo, A.D. 1492, . . . . . . ~~ ib. 
47. Unio Ecclesiarum de Shruther et Kenlagh, pro Collegio, A.D. 1501, . . . . 24 
48. Confirmacio Walteri Episcopi Cluanensis, pro Collegio, A. D. 1506, . . . .. ib. 
49. Receptio Sandari Lynche et Anastacie ee uxoris, in Confraternitatem Fratrim 
minorum, A. D. 1521 se ee ew 22H 
50. Conventum inter Donaldum O' Flaherty et Vardianum Galvie, A. D. 1527, ~ tb. 
51. Confirmacio Beneficiorum pro Collegio, A.D. 1541,. . 2. 2. . 2. 1. we 927 


52. An Ordre in the behalfe of the Colledge, A. D. 1542, se ew ew ew ww 2B 
53. Morgadg of the juelles of ys Chyrche, A. D. 1546, . . . . . . . 1... 230 
S4. Ad excellentissimum Principem Henricum Octavum (Petitio) . . . . 2. . ib. 
55. Dispensacio pro Nicholao Blake, et Sescilia Uxore ejus, A. D. 1556, . . 233 
56. Confirmacion by Richard Blake, of bis Auncestors Gifts to the Colledge, A. D. 1558, ib. 

37. 


X1il 





Puge. 
57. Order touching Srowher [Shrule] etc. A.D. 1569, . . . . 235 
58. Inquisittio of the Duties and Rights of St Nicholas his Churche, A. D. 1609, . 236 
59. Order of Hermits of St Augustine,—Deed of Badowment, A. D. 1517, . 243 
60. State Letter for Favor, A. D. 1656, . ,; aa” 244 
61. Genealogia Domini Gregorii Joyes, . . . 2. 2 2 1 1 0 ww ew 248 
62. Carta Dermicii O'Halloran, A. D. 1594, . . . ...... see 255 
63. Carta Joh. O'Halloran, A. D. 1594, . e ee 256 
64. Morrertagh O’Hallurane and Teig is Dede, A. D. 1606, oe ew 257 
65. Deede of the Clagann, A.D. 1612, . . . se ew ee lw 258 
66. Donoghe M‘Moyller et al. is dede, A. D. 1614, . 259 
67. Erevan O'Halloraine his deede of Mullaghglasse, A. D. 1645, ib. 
68. Letter to Dr. Molineaux, on Ratts, A. D. 1708, 263 
69. Murage Charter of Athenry, A.D. 1310, . . 266 
70. Letter from the Earl of Clanricarde, A. D. 1596, ce ew 270 
71. Letter from the Mayor of Galway, A.D. 1596. . . . . 271 
72. Petition of the Portriffe, &c., of Athenry to Parliament, A. D. 1634, . . 272 
73. Indenture and Returne relating to St Dominick's Abbey, and Our Lady’s Churehe, 
A.D. 1651, ... . 2 oe ew we 274 
74. Letter of Q. Elizabeth for Conly Mac Geoghegan, A. D. 1567, 2 276 
75. Indenture between Morroghe ne Moyer O’F rabert, and Knohor (Connor) 
M‘Conry, A. D. 1615,. . . . ...... ee ew . . . 281 
76. Will of Bryan M‘Enry, A. D. 1691, . . . . . .. 282 
77. Abpdnan Phica . . . . . - - ee eee 283 
78. Samp Phegi ni hCagpe . 287 
79. Gogan Coin, - - - oe ee we ww 292 
80. Trial of Robert Martin, A. D. 1 735, 295 
81. Q. Elizabeth's letter respecting the Civil Reformation of Connaught, A. D. 1579, 
(note), . 304 
82. Indenture of Composition for the Country of the o' O'Ffabertyes called Eyre. Co. 
naght, A. D. 1585, . . - 8 oe ee © e ew so 309 
83. ———- Many O'Kelle's Country, oe 318 
84. ——— O’Madden's Country, . . . 321 
85. — that part of Connaught called Clanrickard, 323 
86. ——— Mac Davye’s Countreye, 2 se 8 327 
87. ——_— Brymegham’s Country, or Barony of Donemore, . ce ee 329 
88. ——- Countie of Mayoe, 331 
89. Boundaries of Mayo (note), A. D. 1607, . . -ib. 
90. Bellahawnes Baronye, commonly called Mac Costilo his Country, A. D. 1587, 339 
91. Indenture of Composition for Sligo, A. D. 1585 oe ww . 340 
92. Boundaries of Slygo (note), A.D.1607 . ... 8 341 
93. Indenture of Composition for O’Royrk’s Country, A. D. 1583, 346 
IRISH ARCH. SOC. 15. c 9-4, 


XIV 





Page. 
94. The County of Leitrim, limitted and appointed, A. D. 1583 (sote), . . . . 346 
95. Boundaries of Leitrim, A. D. 1607 (mote), . ee, . 347 
96. Indenture of Composition for Moylurge alias Mac Dermott’ 8 Countrye, o' Connor 
Roe's Countrye, and O'Connor Dune's Country [Roscommon], A. D. 1585, . 352 
97. Boundaries of Roscommon, A. D. 1607 (sore), - . , 353 
98. Lords Spirituall and temporall, chieftanes, gent. &c., of Thomond, A. D. 1585, 358 
99. Letter of Q. Elizabeth for Connoher Earl of Thomond, A.D. 1577, . .. . 359 
100. Territories of the hereditary Proprietors of Muintir Murchadha, of Clanfergail and 
Meadruidhe, and Hy-Briuin Seola, and Hy-Briuin Ratha, and Muintir Fahy; 
their chieftains, and Mac Oglachs, and Ollaves, A. D. 1098,. . . . 368 
101. First invasion of Connaught by the Anglo-Normans, from the Book of Leinster, 
A. D. 1177, . . 376 
102. Letters of Henry III. in favour of Morogh and Roderic O° Flaherty, A. D. 1244, 381 
103. Submission of Hugh O'Flaherty to King Henry VIIL, A. D. 1538, . . 383 
104. Letters patent of Q. Eliz. appointing Morrough of the Battle-axes Chief of the 
O'Flaherties, A. D. 1569, 385 
105. Complaint of Roger Fflahertie to Sir Jobn Perrot, Lo. Deputy, ina Morogh of of 
the Battle-axes, A. D. 1584, . E 387 
106. Aunswere of Moroghe na doe thereunto, 359 
107. Depositions taken between them, ad perpetuam ret memoriam, A. D. 1585, 391 
108. Surrender of Sir Morough ne doe, A. D. 1585, . 395 
109. Submission of Sir Moroughe ne doe and other Chiefs to ‘the Queen, A. ‘D. 1589, 396 
110. Will of Sir Moroghe ne doe, A. D. 1593, . . . o 8 ee tw 399 
Qt. Murrough ne Moyre O'Fflahertie, A. D. 1626, 404 
112. Extracts from Depositions of A. D. 1641 (no/e), 406 
113. Examination of Colonel Edmond O'Flahertie, A. D. 1653, 408 
114. Deposition of John Ward (note), A. D. 1648, . 409 
115. Protection for Persons in Arms (except Priests, &*), A. D. 1651, . 413 
116. Places in Connaught excluded from Protection, A. D. 1651, ib. 
117. Rewards for bringing in the heads of Rebells, A. D. 1652, . 414 
118. Order for Transplanting into Connaught, A. D. 1655, . ib. 
119. Order to Lycense Peter Walsh, a Priest, to come out of Flanders into Ireland, 
A. D. 1653, 423 
Tracts by Roderic O' Flaherty, now first printed. 
I. Observations on Dr. Borlace’s Reduction of Ireland, A. D. 168}, . 431 
Il. Confutation of the Chinese Chronology, A. D. 1696, . ° 434 


IIf. Animadversions on Dr. Chamberlain's Subjection of the Bishops of Ireland to ) the 


Archbishop of Canterbury, A. D. 1709, . . .., 


437 


a rooms mo" 


Re = 





THE TERRITORY 


or 


WEST OR H-IAR CONNAUGHT, 


RODERIC O'FLAHERTY’. 





Dunkellin*. 





HE territory of West Connaught”, the antient seig- 

niory of the O’Flaherties, was extended of old be- 
» yond Lough Orbsen‘, and the river and town of 
Gallway, to the barronies of Kilmain, Clare, and 


Its cathedrall (as every Irish seigniory had its 


own, whose diocess runned with the seigniory’s bounds) was Enagh- 


* Roderic O' Flaherty.—For a biographi- 
cal notice of this learned individual see 
the genealogical and historical account of 
the O’Flaherties, compiled from original 
documents, in Appendix IIL 

» West Connaught.—Accurately so call- 
ed, says De Burgo in his Hibernia Domi- 
nicana, for it is like a peninsula forming 


dun, 


the West of Connaught, nay, even of all 
Ireland. “Et merito quidem, est enim 
ad instar Peninsule in Occiduo Conacie, 
immo totius Hibernie.”—p. 308. It is 
in Irish called lap or ansan Connaée, 
but by our author, in his Ogygia, p. 386, 
latinized “ West-connsctia;” and was one 
of the great divisions of the cuigeas, fifth 


IRISH ARCH. 80C. 15. *B 


dun‘, dedicated to St. Brendan, the 16th of May, Anno Christi, 577, 
there deceased, in the barony of Clare, on the brink of Lough Orb- 


or province of Connaught, which was it- 
self, anciently, the most extensive of the 
five provinces, or Cuigeaoa, into which 
Ireland was originally divided. 

* Laugh Orbsen.—Or Oirb, now corrupt- 
ly Corrib. Por an account of this lake, 
and of the river and town of Galway, men- 
tioned immediately after in the text, sce 
further on in thin treatise. 

é Kilmain, Clare, and Dunkellin.—Kil- 
main, in Irish, Cull Mheabdom, a barony in 
the south of the county of Mayo; of which 
that part lying south of the River Robe was 
the ancient territory of Conmhaicne cuile 
toladh, one of the five Conmbaicnes of Con- 
naught, for which see our author's Ogygia, 
P. iii. ch. xlvi. p. 276. This was the ancient 
meignory of O’Talcarain. Up Conmaicne- 
cuile ac clor, O Calcupain.—O’ Du- 
gan’s Topogr. Poem, Stanz. 55. See also 
Lynch's Cambr. Evers. p. 27 ; and O’ Brien’s 
The race of 
()’Talcarain has long since become extinct. 
After them the O’Conors, of the Siol- Muir- 
eadhoigh race, seem to have acquired power 
and possessions in this district. In A. D. 
1155, the church of Kilmain was burned. 
—Four Masters. The O’Flaherties at an 
early period acquired some small portions 
of the southern part of this rich district, 
which bordered on their own territory of 
Ur bnuin reola; but the entire was atter- 
wards possessed by the Anglo-Norman ad- 
venturers, chiefly the Burkes and their 


Dict., tn voce Conmhaicne. 


sen ; 


descendants, who built the castles men- 
tioned in the text. In the thirteenth cen- 
tury, this territory was the scene of great 
warring and contention, between those 
adventurers and the native tribes, the 
O’Conors and the O’Flaherties.—See the 
Annals of the Four Masters, particularly 
at A.D. 1225, et sequent. In A.D. 1265, 
a conference took place at Kilmain, be- 
tween Tomaltach O’Conor, Archbishop of 
Tuam, and the Prendergasts, at which 
many of the Archbishop’s people were 
slain.—Jd. See Ware’s account of this dis- 
pute, where he incorrectly calls this place 
Kilmethan. In A. D. 1585, the ancient 
district of Conmhaicne cuile toladh was 
created the barony of Kilmain, so called 
from the ancient church there. Archdall 
was unacquainted with the site or name of 
this foundation —See Monast. p. 503. In 
A.D. 1789, Sir John Browne, Bart., was 
created Baron Kilmain of the Neale, in the 
county of Mayo.— fr. Peerage. 
Clare.—This was the ancient territory 
of Ui Opuin Seola, the original inheri- 
tance of the O’Flaherties, or Muintir Mur- 
chada (from Morogh, the son of Maonach, 
who died A. D. 891.—Four Masters), 
which included the districts of Ui Bruin 
Ratha and Clann Feargaile, in the latter 
of which Galway was situate. It was also 
called Muintir Murchadha, from the tribe 
name of the possessors. Rickard Earl of 
Clanrickard, who died 24th July, A. D. 


sen; which, besides the cathedrall, had an abbey of Chanon Regulars, 


and a nunnery. 


But’ since the year of Christ, 1238, wherein the baronies of 
Clare, Kilmain and Kera® were planted with castles by the English, 


1582, was seized of a chief rent of twenty 
marks out of the cantred called Moynter- 
moroghou.—JIng. Rolls Off. Dub. This ter- 
ritory, excepting a small portion to the 
south, was created the barony of Clare, in 
A. D. 1585; and it was so named from the 
castle of Baile an Chlaire, now Clare-Gal- 
way, which lies about five miles N. E. of 
that town. The O’F laherties possessed this 
territory from the fifth to the thirteenth 
century, when they were driven out by the 
Anglo-Norman Burkes. They then crossed 
Lough Orbsen (Corrib) and dispossessed 
the more ancient owners of the territories 
of Gnomore, Gnobegg, and Conmhaicne- 
mara, the present baronies of Moycullen 
and Balinahinch lying west of that lake, 
as will appear in the sequel. 

Dunkellin. — In Irish, OGn Carlin, 
This barony was created in A. D. 1585, 
and named from an ancient dun or cas- 
tle within its boundaries. It formed 
part of the territory of Ui Fiachrach 
Aidhne, in the south of the present 
county of Galway; and, with the barony 
of Clare before mentioned, was included 
in the more modern territory of Clanrick- 
ard in that county, acquired by the fa- 
milies of De Burgo after the English in- 
vasion. See Appendix I. for a particular 
account of that territory, in A. D. 1585. 


the 


© Enaghdun.—Now Annaghdown. We 
learn above from our author that the 
diocese of Enaghdun was conterminate 
with the “‘seignory” or territory of the 
O'Flaherties. The extent of both might, 
therefore, be satisfactorily ascertained 
from the ecclesiastical survey and taxa- 
tion of Ireland, made in the time of Pope 
Nicholas, A. D. 1291; but that curious 
record is kept in London, in the de- 
partment of the Queen’s Remembrancer 
there. The extent of the diocese of Enagh- 
dun, atasubsequent period, may be learned 
from the MS. E. 3, 13, in the Library of 
Trinity College, Dublin, which contains, 
“ the state of the dioceses of Tuam, Enagh- 
dun, and Kilmacduach,” in the reign of 
Elizabeth, and in the time of Christopher 
Bodkin, who succeeded archbishop Lally, 
A. D. 1536.— Ware. See also the Regal 
Visitation of A. D. 1615. 

f But.—This paragraph seems misplaced. 
Half of it, viz., as far as the word “ Ar- 
ran, properly belongs to the first, and the 
remainder to the second paragraph. 

8 Kera.—In Irish Ceana. The barony 
of Carra, or Burriscarra, in the county of 
Mayo, bordering on the barony of Kilmain, 
in the same county, was part of the terri- 
tory of Hy-Fiachrach, the ancient princi- - 
pality of the O’Dowde family. Although 


B 2 


the same [ West Connaught] is confined to the limits of Moycullin 
and Balynahinsy barony’s, and of the half baronies of Ross and 


this is one of the richest baronies of Ire- 
land, in point of soil, its present dense po- 
pulation may be classed among the poorest 
of the kingdom in point of circumstances. 
But it was not always so. The rich plains 
of Carra are noticed at an early period of 
our history; and the inhabitants, emphati- 
cally called the “Men of Carra,” were for- 
merly distinguished for their bravery, af- 
fluence, and hospitality. ‘6apnao calma 
Fin Ceapa” (a brave race, the men of 
Carra). M‘Firbis describes these “Men 
ofCarra” and their possessions, in his Book 
of Hy-Fiachrach, preserved in MS. in the 
Library of the Royal Irish Academy, Dub- 
lin. This is one of the most interesting 
fragments of Irish history now remain- 
ing, and has recently been published by 
the Irish Archeological Society. From 
it we learn that several of the kings of 
Connaught formerly resided in Carra, and 
that O’Murry, O’Gormog, and O’Tier- 
ney, were its lords under the O’Dowdes, 
‘ kings of Hy-Fiachrach. In A. D. 1273, 
Flann O’Tierney, lord of Carra, was slain 
by the O’Murrys in a contest about the 
lordship.— Four Masters. The English 
De Burgos immediately after dispossessed 
these old proprietors, and established them- 
selves in the territory. Some of the de 
scendants of the former lords of Carra, 
particularly the O’Tierneys, may yet be 
traced within the barony, but most of 
them reduced to extreme poverty. Robert 


Aran ; 
Downing, in his Description of Mayo, writ- 
ten about A. D. 1684, and preserved in the 
MS. Library of Trinity College, Dublin, I. 
I, 3, states, that ‘“ The barony of Scarra 
(recte Carra) or Burriscarra, lyeth next to 
Kilmaine, which standeth upon the brink 
of a great lough, called Lough Carra, by 
the ancients Fionn lough Carra, which is 
said to have been one of the three loughs 
of Ireland that first sprung. On it isa 
small abbey, or rather nunnery, called 
Annagh or Any. It was founded and given 
by Thomas Burke, the chief of the Burkes 
of Mayo, to the abbot of Cong, upon con- 
dition, that if any woman of his posterity 
would vow chastity, the abbot of Cong 
should maintain her during her life, as 
appears by the several inquisitions after 
the dissolution of Cong.”—See Archdall’s 
Monast. p. 500, Abbey of Cong. In 
A. D. 1585, Carra was created a barony, 
retaining its ancient name. For further 
particulars concerning it, see Mayo Com- 
position, Appendix L 
© Planted with castles.—This is recorded 
by the Four Masters as follows: A. D. 
1238, “ Cairlénda vo dénam hi Mumeip 
Munpchaoa hi c-Conmancne Cuile agur 
ac-Ceana, lap na banúnaib pémpdice.”— 
“Castles were built in Muintir Murcha- 
dha [the barony of Clare], in Conmaicne 
Cuile [the barony of Kilmain] and Ceara, 
by the aforesaid barons;” i. e. by the Eng- 
lish adventurers in Ireland. These were, 


Aran’; and in the time of Malachias Mac Aodha of West Connaught 
extraction’, archbishope of Tuam [ab. 4”. 1313, ad. Ann. 1348], after 


principally, the Burkes, many of whom 
afterwards took the surnames of Mac Phil- 
bin, Gibbons, Jonine or Jennings, Mac 
Huberts, Mac Tibbotts, Mac Meylers, &c. 
The adjoining districts were possessed 
by the Berminghams (afterwards called 
Mac Feorais), the Jordans, Costellos, Pren- 
dergasts, Mac Morrises, Stauntons (after- 
wards called M°Evillys), Fitzsimonses (af- 
terwards called Mac Rudderys, recently 
Knights), Fitzstephens, &c. All these fa- 
milies are descended from the Anglo-Nor- 
man adventurers or soldiers who came to 
Ireland in the twelfth and thirteenth cen- 
turies ; but having afterwards became 
“ more Irish that even the Irish them- 
selves,” their possessions were nearly all 
confiscated in the seventeenth century. 
Their descendants are consequently much 
reduced from the opulence of the original 
founders; but many of them yet preserve 
rank and respectability in the country. 
The Annals of the Four Masters contain, 
in great part, the history of these fami- 
lies. 

i Aran.—These baronies of Moycullin and 
Ballynahinsy, and the half baronies of Ross 
and Aran will be found described further 
on. The extent of Iar-Connaught, viz., of 
Ross, Moycullin, and Ballinahinch, is es- 
timated sn Irish acres, by the able engi- 
neer, Mr. Nimmo, in his valuable “ Re- 
port on the Bogs to the west of Lough 
Corrib” (printed as an Appendix, No. 12, 


a 


to the Fourth Report of the Commissioners 
on the Bogs of Ireland, vol. ii. p. 187, by 
order of the House of Commons, A. D. 





1814), as follows: 
Arable, 25,000 acres. 
Bog, 2 120,000 .,, 
Mountain and upland 
pasture, 200,000  .; 
Rock, much of it lime- 
stone, . 5,000 4, 
350,000 a; 


The extent and population of these three 
baronies and the islands of Aran, given in 
the “ Report of the Commissioners ap- 
pointed to take the Census of Ireland for 
the year 1841” (the extent taken from 
the Ordnance Survey of Ireland), are as 
follows : 

POPULA- 


TION IN 
1821. 


POPULA- 


STATUTE TION IN 


19,408 


Balinahinch, . . 


Moycullen, .. . 
Ross, 
Aran Isles,.. . 


521,585 | 76,189 | 50,204 





From these tables it appears that the 
population has increased in Iar-Connaught 
more than one-half in twenty years; but 
nothing is more certain than that the 
means of any thing like comfortable exis- 
tence have not at all increased. In the 
days of our author, as he relates, the 


n long debate for many years before and in his time, the cathedrall of 
Enaghdun was, Anno 1321, united to the see of Tuam, by the finall 
decision of Pope dohn the twenty-second. 

The half barony of Rosse lies furthest to the north, the barony 
af Moyeullin to the east, the half barony of Aran to the south, and 
the barony of Balynahinsy to the west. 

It in thirty-two miles long from Galway to Slimhead*; and 


peile of thin diairilet had plenty of corn 
for thóir own conaimption alter paying 
WVeorte laiidionrda, WU rtataun, whieh were then 
Mihiowaer, mee now, ponerally apamk ing, the 
gas davert prod Virol | ail even they aoinethnen 
Iuil, col whioh there have tran, in latter 
youre, eon awllil lhataieea, 

i Ma CMnnnwyAl extraction, 
hea covesmnndenge nóna Ceo be that Malachiaa 
Mai Avilla, Lé. Malachy Mao Hugh, or 
lléughes, Wont the asm entraction as the 
(rialta of Waet Connaught. This 
Aléieiil wil Léajwelahly déeacoiúlwd family 
Wt Pbighine, te now protty generally spread 
TAL jeden beens, Ier Ha Ieligtee down 
Gee dacwichlaalúd, see Mae Firhia'a great 
Hooch ot (lonsalúglea, proaetved dn the La- 
bai vet Ghee Meryl Fetals Avaslomy, p. 401. 
Vy te olen given by OM all (whe here 
watore whl Mae Fuil), In hie eurtous 
Viich cot Vo tele Voli demm, peromorvedd in the 
Hi Cuil, Dublin, am fullowe: Mao 
VU vag tenet NN iéewcde Qtr Canthola, aaonafCol- 
Bui, Fe dith Claiatian hiúg of Cone 
dade tet Gare Nei dú (he Klaheity whh- 


Our ate 


Hite. Nyeqeetutie WN), yu" Vvvrageal or Toale 
forvenl ood Canthala, Atnelgadh, the 
mivrs-obed ool ('blabeaity, being the allows); 


(sctting 
98. Cumscragh ; 99. Donn; 100. Cosgry; 
101, Murias; 102. Conang; 103. Gownan; 
104. Cosgrach (some call him Flann abrad) 
a quo Clann Coscry ; 105. Rory; 106. 
Hugh, a quo the surname Mac Hugh ; 
107. Muredach ; 108. Teige; 109. Hugh; 
110. Donogh ; 111. Melaghlin; 112. Do- 
nald ; 113. Melaghlin McHugh, a canon 
in Elphin, and made bishop there, 1309 ; 
archbishop of Tuam, 1313 ; and (as also 
elsewhere stated by our author) governor 
of Connaught, jointly with Edmond Burke, 
son to the red Earl of Ulster, in 1333; 
died 1348. He was a learned antiquary, 
and writ the book called leabap Mhic 
Clooa, now [1709] extant.”—Orig. in loe. 
eitat. Sve Ware’s Account of Archbishop 
Mac Hugh, vol. i. p. 610. 

& Slimhead.—Ceann leime; in Mac- 
kenzie’s ‘* Maritim Survey,” and other 
modern maps and charts, improperly called 
Sline, or Slyne, head. This is the most 
weatern point of Conamara, and our author 
must have calculated its distance from 
Galway, according to the ‘“ long Con- 
naught miles” (‘magnis milliaribus Co- 
naciensibus,” de Burgo, Hib. Dom. p. 308, 
n. (¢) ), for it is at least fifty miles, modern 


(setting aside the Isles of Aran) sixteen miles broad, from Killin’, 
opposite to Aran, to the Salmon Leap of Easroe. 

It is surrounded on the east with Loughmeasg”, the isthmus 
and river of Cong", Lough Orbsen, and the river of Galway ; on the 


English measure, from that town to the 
light house at Slimhead. Harris incorrectly 
says: “JI judge the name Slime-Head 
should be written Slin-Head, Slin signify- 
ing a shoulder.”—Harris’s Ware, vol. ii. 
p- 202. This is one of the numerous er- 
rors which should be corrected in a new 
edition of that work. 

! Killin—Easroe.—At Killin (Cillín) 
are the ruins of an old church, near the 
south-west point of Casla Bay. Easroe, 
€appuas, lies at the head of the Killery, 
Caol pmle nuaó, near the mearing of 
the counties of Mayo and Galway. 

= Loughmeasg.—Meayrga, now called 
Lough Mask. This lake will be found 
mentioned again in the sequel. 

2 Cong.—In Irish, Conga and Conga 
Fecin, a border town between Mayo and 
Galway counties, formerly celebrated for 
a richly endowed monastery, founded by 
St. Fechin (but, according to Ware, by 
Donal Mac Aodha mhic Ainmhire, mo- 
narch of Ireland) in the seventh century. 
Cong is situated upon an island or isthmus 
formed by the openings of the subter- 
raneous river flowing from Lough Mask 
into Lough Corrib. The plain of Moytura, 
Irish Mag Cuineao, famous for a decisive 
battle fought there at an early period, be- 
tween the Firbolgs and Tuatha de Danans, 


south 


early invaders of Ireland (see Four Mas- 
ters at A. M. 3303) lies within the parish 
of Cong, to the right of the road leading 
from the town of Cong to the village of 
the Neale. Here were to be seen the re- 
mains of an ancient fort, called Cataip 
mhic Cuige ; lately demolished in order 
to erect the glebe house of Nymphsfield 
on its site. 

The Annals of the Four Masters inform 
us, that in A.D. 1198, Roderick O’Conor, 
king of Connaught and monarch of Ire- 
land, died at Cong, and that his remains 
were conveyed to Clonmacnoise, and in- 
tombed at the north side of the altar of 
the great church there. Cathal Crovdearg 
(the red-handed), king of Connaught, having 
leagued with William Fitz-Adelm de Bur- 
go, or Burke (the first of the Burkes who 
came to Ireland), they marched to Cong, 
where they spent the Easter. While there, 
this William Burke, and the sons of Rode- 
rick O'Flaherty, entered into a conspiracy 
to murder Cathal, but it was providentially 
discovered and defeated. A. D. 1226, Nu- 
ala, queen of Ulster, and daughter of Ro- 
derick O’Conor the monarch, died at Cong, 
and was interred in the canon’s church 
there. 

The remnant of a splendid cross, which 
formerly belonged to the monastery of 


south with the bay of Gallway” and western ocean ; on the west and 
north with the same ocean, and with the mountaines of Formna more 


further on the north. 


The country is generally coarse, moorish, and mountanous?, full 
of high rocky hills, large valleys, great bogs, some woods‘, whereof 
it had abundance before they were cut. 


Cong, was lately purchased, and muni- 
ficently presented to the Royal Irish Aca- 
demy, by James Mac Cullagh, Esq., the 
distinguished Professor and Fellow of Tri- 
nity College, Dublin. 

° Galteay.—For an account of the river 
and bay mentioned here see further on. 
Mr. Nimmo, in his valuable Report before 
referred to (note '), says: “The district 
of Jar-Connaught is nearly surrounded by 
the sea on the south and west, and the 
great lakes, Mask and Corrib, on the east; 
the latter nariyalle into the town of Gal- 
way, and could easily be made s0 to the 
sea.” —_ Report, p. 188. 

P Mountanous.— Although Conamara 
be mountainous, it is by no means an up- 
land country like Wicklow; at least three- 
fourths of Conamara proper is lower than 
100 feet over the sea. Great part of Iar- 
Connaught rises from the shore of Galway 
Bay, in a gently sloping plain, to about 
300 feet ; at the upper edge of which there 
are some hills of about 700 feet, and be- 
yond them a low limestone country ex- 
tends to the edge of Lough Corrib, and 
but little elevated above its level, which 
is only fourteen feet higher than the sea ; 
but Joyce’s country, on the other hand, 


It 


is an elevated tract with flat-topped hills 
of 1,300 feet to 2,000, interspersed with 
deep and narrow vallies.”—Jd. 

1 Woods.—Sce Boate’s Natural History 
of Ireland, 8vo. London, 1652, ch. 15, 
which accounts for the diminution of tim- 
ber in Ireland by the ‘incredible quan- 
tity” consumed in the ironworks erected 
before that time, and by the exportation 
of pipe staves, in “whole ship loads.” I 
find that on the 18th March, A. D. 1616, 
King James I. granted license to Richard 
Milton, “ to cut timber in Ireland (except 
such as has been marked by the King’s 
officers for ship timber) for pipe-staves, 
hogshead staves, cloppboards, or other 
cloven ware, and to export the same for 
twenty-one years.” or. Pat. 14 Jac. I. 3, 
p. f. No. 8. The same causes seem to have 
continued to and after the time of our au- 
thor. On this subject the Irish bave an 
ancient saying— 

Ceóna h-uaine vo cuip Eine, 

Ceóna monga, 7 ceona maola ot. 
Treland was thrice beneath the plough-share, 
Thrice it was wood, and thrice it was bare. 
Mr. Nimmo, in his Report, says: ‘‘Cona- 

mara is very destitute of wood, a few 


9 


It is replenished with rivers, brooks, lakes’, and standing 


waters, even on the tops of the highest mountains. 


On the sea 


side there are many excellent large and safe harbours’ for ships to 
ride on anchor ; the climate’ is wholesome, soe as divers attain to 
the age of ninety years, a hundred and upwards. The land produces 
wild beasts", as wolves’, deere, foxes, badgers, hedgehogs, hares, rab- 


scrubby patches only being thinly scat- 
tered through it. The country, however, 
possesses an extensive stool of timber, for 
in almost every dry knole or cliff, the oak, 
birch, and hazel, appear shooting in abun- 
dance, and require only a little care to rise 
into valuable forests. Several bloomeries, 
which were erected about a century ago, 
consumed much of the timber, and copsing 
was afterwards neglected. The sheltered 
vales, navigations, and abundant water- 
power, would form great advantages in the 
cultivation of timber.”—Report, p. 188. 

¥ Rivers, brooks, lakes.—‘* There are 
about twenty-five navigable lakes in the in- 
terior of Iar-Connaught, of a mile or more 
in length, besides hundreds smaller ; the 
sea coast and all these lakes abound with 
fish. The district, with its islands, pos- 
sesses no less than 400 miles of sea shore. 
On Lough Corrib it has fifty miles of 
shore, so that with Lough Mask, &c., there 
are, perhaps, as many miles of shore of the 
sea, or navigable lakes, as there are square 
miles of surface.”— Jd. p. 188. 

s Harbours.—“ There are upwards of 
twenty safe and capacious harbours, fit for 
vessels of any burthen.”—Id. It is ques- 
tionable whether the same can be said of 

IRISH ARCH. SOC. 15. 


C 


bets, 


any equal portion of sea coast in any other 
part of the globe. The late Mr. Nimmo, 
from whose Report on Iar-Connaught the 
few foregoing illustrations of so much of 
our author’s text have been taken, was 
well acquainted with the natural advan- 
tages and capabilities of Iar-Connaught. 
That great engineer was employed by Go- 
vernment in this district, and he did more 
towards the ultimate improvement of the 
place than any other man that ever lived. 

© Climate,— The climate is mild, snow 
being little known during the winter; the 
mountains on the north, and general va- 
riety of surface, afford considerable shel- 
ter. The summers, however, are wet, and 
it is exposed to heavy westerly winds.” — 
id. But even this humidity might be 
corrected ; and there can be no doubt, 
that by thecommon and ordinary processes 
of reclaiming, planting, and extending agri- 
culture throughout this great district, it 
would, at no very distant period, become, 
in the languageof Boate, ‘one of thesweet- 
est and pleasantest in the whole world, and 
very few countries could be named that 
might be compared with it for agreeable 
temperateness.”— Nat. Hist. ch. xxi. sec. vi. 

u Beasts.—Our author not having given 


bets, squirrells, martins, weesles, and the amphibious otter, of which 


kind the white-faced otter” is very rare. 
but with loss of man or dog, and its skin is mighty precious. 


It is never killed, they say, 
It ad- 


mits no rats* to live any where within it, except the Isles of Aran, 
and the district of the west liberties of Galway. 


the scientific names of the various objects 
of natural history which he has mentioned, 
they will be found inserted in the notes, 
from the best modern authorities, together 
with the general or local names in Irish. 
The above mentioned are, the wolf, canis 
lupus, mac cine; deer, cervus elephas, 
Flag; fox, vulpes vulgaris, pronnac; bad- 
ger, meles taxus, bnoc ; hedgehog, erinaceus 
Europeus, spainneog ; hare, /epus varia- 
bilis, Seanpprang ; rabbit, depus cuniculus, 
coinín; squirrel, sciurus culgaris, lona ; 
marten, martes abietum, muopaocpornn ; 
weasel, nrustela erminea, cures ; otter, 
lutra culgaris, maopad uiprse ; rat, mus 
rattus, luc pnancac. 

v Wolcres.—When our author wrote, 
and for some years after, wolves were to 
be found in Jar-Connaught, but not in 
such numbers as in the early part of that 
century. The last wolf which I have 
been able to trace here was killed in the 
mountains of Joyce-country, in the year 
1700. After the wars of 1641, the ra- 
vages of the wolves were so great through- 
out Ireland, as to excite the attention 
of the State. “ Wolf hunters” were ap- 
pointed in various districts, and amongst 
others in Jar-Connaught, who helped to 
rid the country of these ferocious animals. 


The 


~ White-fuced otter—Called by the 
Irish Dobhar-chu. Martin, in his inte- 
resting description of the Western Islands 
of Scotland, London, 1703, 8vo. p. 159, 
tells us, that in the Isle of Skie, “ the 
hunters say there is a big otter above the 
ordinary size, with a white spot on its 
breast, and this they call the king of ot- 
ters; it is rarely seen, and very hard to be 
killed. Seamen ascribe great virtue to 
the skin, for they say that it is fortunate 
in battle, and that victory is always on its 
side.” 

* [tadmits no rats.—This is not the case 
at present. The Norway rat every where 
prevails, having nearly extirpated the little 
black Irish rat. The latter was the species 
mentioned by Cambrensis in the following 
passage : “Est et aliud ibi (i. e. in insula 
Aren in occidentali Connactie solo posita) 
notabile : quia cum per totam Hiberniam 
copiose nimis mures abundent, hec tamen 
insula mure caret. JSfus enim nec nasci- 
tur hic, nec vivit invectus.”—Jop. D. 1.c. 
6. See the description of these islands 
further on in this treatise. A similar story 
was told of the “towne of Armagh.” See 
Stanihurst in Holinshed, vol. vi. p. 41, 
Lond. 1808. In the well-known Book of 
Lecan, preserved in the Library of the 


II 


The water streames, besides lampreys’, roches, and the like of 
no value, breed salmons (where is recourse to the sea), eels, and 


divers sorts of trouts. 


There was 


never a pike or bream as yet en- 


gendered in all this countrey, nor in the adjacent parts of Mayo or 


Galway counteys. 


Royal Irish Academy, Dublin, the follow- 
ing curious passage occurs in prefatory re- 
marks to a treatise on the early history of 
Ireland: ‘‘ Sicut absque bestia Paradisus 
erat, ita Hibernia pariter. Hibernia nec 
leonem, nec draconem, nec ranam, nec 
Murem nocentum, nec Draconem, nec Scor- 
pium, nec unum noxium animal nisi lupum 
alit. Hibernia autem proxima Britannie 
insule, spatio terrarum angustior sed situ 
fecundior.” 

. Y Lampreys.—The scientific names of 
the fishes, &c., mentioned in this and the 
following paragraphs are: lamprey, petro- 
myzon marinus, laimppe; roche (i. e. 
rud), leuciscus erythropthalmus, poipteac ; 
salmon, salmo salar, bnaoán; eel, anguilla 
acutirostris, apccann; trout, salmo trutta, 
breac ; pike, esox lucius, sailliarg ; bream, 
cyprinusbrama, bpann; cod, gadus morhua, 
tpoys; ling, lota molva, lunga; hawkefish, 
wee eee punnac ppaineac; coale-fish, 
merlangus carbonarius, mongac ; turbot, 
pleuronectes maximus, taipbenc; plaice, 
platessa vulgaris, \eatos sapb, or leatog 
bneac; haddock, gadus eglefinus, cuddg; 
whiting, merlangus vulgaris, mongac ; 
gurnard, trigla gurnardus, cnuodn; mac- 
kerel, scomber, punnac ; herring, clupea 
harengus, rgabán; pilchard, clupea pil- 


The sea here is plentifully stored with fish’, as 


cods, 


chardus, pilrefp; oyster, ostrea edulis, 
oppid ; scallop, pecten maximus, plioxgdn 
mapa; cockle, cardium edule, pucdn; 
muscle, mytidus edulis, ouilfcin; razure, 
solen siliqua, yZ.an mana; lobster, homa- 
rus vulgaris, sliomac; crab, cancer pagu- 
rus, pantdn ; shrimp, palemon serratus, 
pibendbér; whale, dalena mysticetus, míol 
mo}; grampus, phocena orca, ....+-+ 3 
porpoise, phocena communis, mucmana ; 
thunny, thynnus vulgaris, tuinnín; eagle, 
aquila chrysaetos? piolan; ganet, sula bas- 


BANG,» seen ; soland goose, sula bas- 
sana? ....... ; puffin, alea torda, cnup- 
ran; barnacle, anser brenta, cadan ; 


wild goose, anser ferus, sead plaodin; 
swan, cygnus ferus, eala; cock of the 
wood, tetrao urogallus? coileaé-coílle ; 
woodcock, scolopax rusticola, coileac pea- 
0a; chough, fregilus graculus, cud0g ; rook, 
corpus frugilegus, cndimpiac ; cormorant, 
pelecanus carbo, bpoigeal. The bird 
which never flies but over the sea is locally 
called mapcin, and is probably the guille- 
mot, uria (roile. Ambergris will be found 
noticed in a future page. 

* Fish,—See the last parliamentary Re- 
port on the Fisheries of Ireland; an impor: 
tant document, which enters minutely into 
most of the particulars relating to this great 


*C2 


12 


cods, lings, hawkfish, coalefish, turbets, plaises, hadogs, whitings, gur- 
nards, macrells, herrings, pilchards, &c.; and no less liberall of shell 
fish, as oysters, scollops, cokles, muscles, razures, together with lob- 
sters, crabs, shromps, &c. 

It now and then casts ashore great whales*, gramps, porcu- 
pisses, thunies. Both sea and land have their severall kinds of birds. 
Here is a kind of black eagle’, which kills the deere by grappling him 
with his claw, and forcing him to run headlong into precipices. 

Here the ganet soares high into the sky to espy his prey in 
the sea under him, at which he casts himself headlong into the sea, 
and swallows up whole herrings in a morsell. This bird flys through 


the ship’s sailes, piercing them with his beak. 
Here is the bird engendered by the sea out of timber long 
lying in sea. Some call them clakes* and soland-geese, some puffins, 


but neglected source of national wealth. 

* Whales.—an interesting extract from 
& communication made by Lieutenant 
Boroughs, commander of the coast guard 
in the West of Ireland, taken from the va- 
luable Fishery Report alluded to in the 
last note, will be found in the Additional 
Notes, p. 183. 

> Black eagle.—* The black eagle tixes 
his talons between the deer’s horns, and 
beats its wings constantly about its cyes, 
which puts the deer to run continually, 
till it falls into a ditch, or over a preci- 
pice, where it dies, and so becomes a prey 
to this cunning hunter. There are at the 
same time several other eagles of this kind, 
which flye on both sides of the deer, which 
frights it extremely, and contributes much 
to its more sudden destruction.” — War- 


others 


tin’s Western Islands, Isle of Lingay, p. 70. 

© Clakes.—‘‘ Clack gooses” (Phillips), 
barnacles, or soland geese, Irish, Cavan 
O'ppinna, the local name. * There is also 
the cleck goose; the shells in which this 
fowl is said to be produced are found in 
several isles sticking to trees by the bill; 
of this kind I have seen many, the fowl 
was covered by a shell, and the head stuck 
to the tree by the bill, but never saw any 
of them with life in them upon the tree, 
but the natives told me that they had ob- 
serv’d 'em to move with the heat of the 
sun.” — .Vartin, ele of Orkney, p. 357. See 
also on this point of natural history, Cam- 
brensis in Top. Hibernia, “sunt et aves 
hic multw, que bernace,” &e. Also Stani- 
hurst’s Description of Ireland in Holin- 
shed, vol. vi. p. 18, Ed. w( supra; and his 


13 
others bernacles, because they resemble them. We call them grrinn. 
I omit other ordinary fowl and birds, as bernacles, wild geese, swans, 
cocks of the wood, and woodcocks, choughs,.rooks, Cornish choughs 
with red legs and bills, &c. 

Here is fowle that custom allowed to eat on fasting days", as 
cormorant. feeding only on fish; as alsoe birds found in the high 
cliffts and rocks of Aran, which never fly but over the sea, which, 
with all other numerous sea birds, yield a great store of feathers. 

Besides all these, the mountains here have store of Iron mines*, 
the boggs give turf sufficiently for fuell, and along with the turf, great 
trees of oak and firr many times are digged, which lay for ages under 


treatise, “De Rebus in Hibernia gestis,” 
Antwerp, 1584, Appendix, p. 230. After 
perusing, if possible, those profound discus- 
sions,adding, moreover, Gerard; Gratianus 
Lucius, p. 342; Ware’s Ant. c. xiv., and 
Harris’s Ed. c. xxxiv., the reader may, 
perhaps, be inclined to exclaim, with the 
learned Stanihurst, “thus farre of bar- 
nacles.” 

d Fasting days.—See Ledwich’s ‘‘ An- 
tiquities,” p. 369, for characteristic ob- 
servations on this subject, as connected 
with barnacles, quoted by the learned doc- 
tor from another learned doctor, Rutty, 
“the honest Quaker,” as the “antiquary” 
so complacently called the “naturalist.” 
But such observations were usual during 
the memorable eighteenth century, among 
a certain class of writers; one of whom, Sir 
Richard Cox, thus triumphs, in another 
strain. “Their,” ¢.e. the Irish, “youth and 
gentry (are) destroyed in the rebellion or 
gone to France. Those that are left are des- 


ground. 


titude of horses, arms, and money, capacity, 
and courage. Five in six of the Irish are 
poor, insignificant slaves, fit for nothing 
but to hew wood and draw water.” —Exz- 
tract from his Orig. Letter, 24th Oct. 1705; 
for which see Thorpe’s curious catalogue 
of the Southwell Papers, Lond. 1834, p. 94. 
é Iron mines.—These mines are rich, 
but have never been adequately worked, 
for want of capital. The same observation 
may be extended to the valuable marble 
quarries in this district. Our author, in’ 
his above general description, not having 
noticed any of the substances, except iron 
ore, of which the mountains of Iar-Con- 
naught are composed; the reader will find 
noticed in the Additional Notes, p. 185, 
the Report of the late eminent geologist, 
Sir Charles Giesecke, made in A.D. 1825, 
to the Royal Dublin Society, on the geo- 
logical structure of this region. See also, 
on this neglected subject, Mr. Nimmo’s 
Report, before referred to, p. 5 (note i). 


ground. 


Here are rivers which breed pearles, and the sea shoars 


have ambergreese often cast into them. 

Lastly, here are several miraculous wells and holy places‘, de- 
dicated in memory of saints; among which I find, in severall places, 
the memory of the seven daughters; some call them by tradition the 
daughters of a Brittish King, others of a King of Leinster. 

Here are alsoe, besides parish churches* dispersed every where 


£ Holy places.—Many of these will be 
found noticed in the sequel. 

& Churches —chappells. — Doctor Lom- 
bard, in his treatise, "De regno libernie,” 
thus describes those ecclesiastical ruins. 
“In primis igitur, preter ruinas manifestas 
tot monasteriorum et templorum, in qui- 
bus aliquando in spiritu et veritate adora- 
batur Deus; Que longe latéque patet hxc 
regio, in montibus et vallibus, in sylvis 
et solitudinibus, in insulis ct lacubus, 
cernere est adhuc vestigia et monumenta 
sacellorum et cellarum, specuum et alio- 
rum locorum, ubi olim sancti consueverant 
commorari, orare, contemplari, concentus 
facere, purnitentias agere.”—Cap. xx. p. 
275. The multitude of religious edifices 
spread over Ireland, as their ruins testify, 
would be sufficient to induce one to con- 
clude, that the population of this island 
was greater, during its early ages of Chris- 
tianity, than is now generally supposed. 
See Gratianus Lucius, p. 138, ** Nec Scio,” 
&c. Sir William Petty’s computation or 
opinion that its population, at the arri- 
val of the English in the twelfth century, 
was only 300,000 (see his Political Arith- 
metic, p. 317), has been acquiesced in since 


in 


his time ; but that opinion now appears 
to have been hastily formed from imper- 
fect data, and cannot be relied upon. From 
our author we learn, that in the secluded 
district of West Connaught alone, parish 
churches and chapels were dispersed “ every 
where,” ‘even in waste islands,” that is, 
in islands waste in his time; and it has 
been pertinently asked, what should men 
have built these edifices for, if there had 
not been people to fill them? It has been 
calculated from Archdall, that in the six- 
teenth century there were 742 religious 
houses in Ireland; but it is well known, 
that among the other errors of that writer 
—and it would require a book nearly as 
large as his own to correct those errors— 
he was much under the real number of 
those religious foundations. Besides these, 
there were the cathedrals, parish churches, 
and chapels mentioned by Lombard. See 
also Colgan and De Burgo. Although 
the primitive Irish churches were not so 
large as those of succeeding times, yet they 
were sufliciently ample and numerous to 
indicate a far greater population than that 
estimated by Sir William Petty as exist- 
ing in the twelfth century. Many other 


15 


in the country, as alsoe in wast islands, diverse litle chappells of lime 
and stone ; the remaining monuments of the multitude of saints an- 
tiently in Ireland in St. Patrick’s days and long after, whereof Joceli- 
nus (Cap. 174, Vite S. Patricit): “Nulla eremus, nullus pene terre 
angulus, aut locus in insula tam remotus, qui perfectis monachis aut 
monialibus non repleretur, ita ut Hibernia speciali nomine, Jnsula 
Sanctorum, ubique terrarum nominaretur.” 

The" greatest number of cattle in this countrey is of cows’, 
the soil being for the most part good only for pasture and grasing, 
and very fertile of all kinde of herbs. The chiefest product therefore, 
and greatest commodity is beefe, butter, tallow, hides, and of late 
_ cheese out of the Isles of Aran ; yet it yields as much corn, of wheat, 
barly, oats, and ry, as is enough to sustaine the inhabitants’, and fur- 


nishes the market besides. 


facts might be adduced to the same effect, 
but here they would be quite irrelevant. 
The subject is merely noticed with a hope 
that some of our learned associates may be 
induced to investigate it fully. 

h The.—This paragraph seems out of 
place here. It would be more in order 
immediately before the three paragraphs 
which precede it. 

i Cows.—Cows and small sized ponies 
form the staple stock of Conamara, but 
sheep are now become numerous. To this 
day, cows and sheep compose the best part 
of the marriage portion of most females 
here. O'Halloran, in his History of Ire- 
land, vol. ii. p. 146, calls this portion “callp 
an spre, or the marriage cattle.” On15th 
November, 1648, Silye O'Flaherty, alias 
Burke, wife of Colonel Moragh na doe (na 


The 


d-tuagh) O’Flaherty bequeathed by her 
last will as follows: ““ to my daughter Mar- 
garet, forty cowsof English and Irish breed, 
and four skore sheep; to my second 
daughter, Onora, twentie cows and forty 
sheep ; to my third daughter, Bridget, 
twentie cows and forty sheep ; and to my 
fourth daughter, Mary, twenty cows and 
forty sheep.”—Orig. in the Registry of 
Tuam. The “Conamara ponies” are much 
in request; they were a useful and hardy 
breed, admirably adapted to the mountain 
districts ; but it is said that they are 
now deteriorated, in consequence of the 
introduction of English sires, by the late 
Richard Martin. 

§ Enough to sustaine the tnhabitants.— 
From this account it appears, that the 
people of Iar-Connaught were much bet- 


16 


The inhabitants are so observant of law, that now for above 
thirty years of peace, there was not one body executed out of the 
whole territories for any transgression ; and scarce any brought to 
the bar for misdemeanour*. They dwell for the most part next the 


ter off towards the close of the seventeenth 
century, than they were at the beginning 
of it; for our author’s friend, Gratianus 
Lucius, in Wita Airorani, relates that about 
A.D. 1620, *‘Quamvis ille regiones annone 
difficultate semper claboraverint, et raris 
humilibusque tuguriolis se invicem longo 
intervallo dissitis habitarentur et saxe- 
tis glabre; uliginibus sic humectate fue- 
rint, vt humus aratro findi non potuerit, 
licét tumulos aliquot solidiores ad parum 
avene, vel hordei ferendum, incols sarculo 
subinde sciderint; gua' agricultura ne suf- 
ficientem quidem panis (quem pro maiori 
anni parte non viderunt) copiam ipsis sup- 
peditabat.”—p. 17. From the productions 
above enumerated, as articles of food, po- 
tatues do not appear to have been known 
here in the time of our author. 

& Miademeanour.—This was not the cha- 
racter of the “inhabitants” of West Con- 
naught in more ancient times, when the 
very names of the O'Flaherties, the Clan 
Donoughs, and the gigantic Joyces, used 
to strike such terror into the hearts of the 
good people of Galway, that they had in- 
scribed over the western gate of that town, 
“From the ferocious O'Flaherties, good 
Lord deliver us.” It is curious to observe 
how naturally the old Galweygians, who 
were mostly of English origin, afterwards 


borders 


coalesced with the Joyces, who were of 
Welsh descent, and even admitted them to 
all the priviliges of citizens; but the “‘ mere 
Irish” the O'Flaherties, &c. they always 
treated as aliens and enemies. Thus in 
A. D. 1484, they represented the latter to 
Pope Innocent VITI. as ‘mountainous and 
wild people” (montani et sylvestres ho- 
mines), by whom ‘they were sometimes 
robbed and killed” (nonnunquam bonis 
spoliabantur et interficiebantur). See that 
Pope’s Bull, A. D. 1484, in Dutton’s Sta- 
tistical Survey of the County of Galway, 
Appendix, 26. In the 17th century, 
these mere Irish were at length subdued, 
and their forfeited inheritances, 560,000 
acres, were granted, for the most part, 
to the “ English” merchants of Galway, 
the Brownes, Blakes, Darcys, Martins, 
Lynches, Frenches, &c., by whose descen- 
dants these inheritances are held to this 
But the descendants of the old in- 
heritors were reduced to a state of poverty, 
in which most of them still continue. Our 
author, however, bears testimony, that in 
his time they were “ observant of law,” and 
the observation may be extended even to 
the present time, although the county gaol 


day. 


is sume fifty miles distant from the extre- 
mities of the district. It isa well known 
fact, that a late respectable and popular 


17 


borders of the countrey where commonly is the best land; and in 
Summer time they drive their cattle to the mountaines!, where such 
as looke to the cattle live in small cabbins for that season. 

Thus far of the countrey in generall ; whence I will descend to 
particulars, and first of all describe the borders. 

Lough Measg™ lake, besides the arms stretched out of it, is 
six miles long from Partry" in the county of Mayo and barony of 
Keara, to Balyndeonagh in the west, and four miles broad from Par- 
try mountain in Keara, to Lough Measg Castle’ in the barony of Kil- 


magistrate of Iar-Connaught, when obliged 
to commit offenders to prison, usually ac- 
companied his mittimus with a hint to give 
the “poor fellows” an opportunity of es- 
caping by the way ; so that in his time it 
might be truly said, “‘ scarcely any one was 
brought to the bar for misdemeanor.” 

' Cattle to the mountaines.—See note at p. 
42, Statute of Kilkenny, Volume of Tracts 
published by the Archeological Society, 
Dublin, A. D. 1843. 

m Lough Measg.—Now always called 
Lough Mask. It is popularly said to have 
been so named, because its waters flow 
into, meascadh, mix or mingle, with those 
of the neighbouring lakes, Carra and Cor- 
rib. Our author has not given the de- 
rivation of the name of Lough Measg. He 
does not appear to have indulged to any 
great extent in tracing the derivation of 
these names, which, considering the pue- 
rility and errordisplayed by Irish antiqua- 
ries in that way since his time, is to be re- 
gretted, from his profound knowledge of 
our history, language, and antiquities. This 

IRISH ARCH. SOC. 15. 


D 


mayn ; 
fine lake lies almost wholly in the ancient 
territory of Partry, now comprehended 
within the barony of Kilmain, Co. Mayo ; 
but two arms from it stretch into the ba- 
rony of Ross, Co. Galway. It is noticed 
at an early period of Irish history. See 
the Annals of the Four Masters, A. M. 
2533, for its origin, which is above alluded 
to by the phrase “broken up ;” or, as bet- 
ter expressed elsewhere by our author, 
é“ Loch Measg e terre visceribus eructa- 
vit.” —Ogyg. p. 167. 

2 Partry.—Paneparge, latinized Par- 
trigia. Mac Firbis, in his book of Hy- 
Fiachrach, states that there were several 
districts of this name. See our author’s 
Ogyg. pp. 174-5, for these, and their an- 
cient possessors. Also, Harris’s Ware, ii. 
p. 53. The Partry above alluded to was 
Partry of Carra, which Mac Firbis has de- 
scribed in the book already referred to. 

° Lough Measg Castle.—This castle, si- 
tuate on the townland of Ballyloughmask, 
on the eastern margin of the lake, was one 
of those fortresses built by the “ English 


18 


mayn; having on the north a piece of the half barony of Ross and 
Partry mountain; on the east Partry, by which the lake hath con- 
veyance to Lough Keara lake; on the south, Kilmayn barony (as 
being part of the county of Mayo—in margine), where I omit Hag- 
Castle’, an impregnable castle on the lake, Lough Measg Castle, Cong 
Abbey, dedicated to St. Fechin, and the field of Moytury, where the 
Danann nation, from the north of Great Brittain, invading Ircland, in 
a inemorable battle overthrew the Belgians’, who then swayed Ire- 
land, and slew their king Achay, last Belgian king of Ireland; 325 


years after the gencral floud this lake is said to have broke up. 
The salmon hath no access thereunto, because under ground 
only" it hath recourse to Lough Orbsen ; but it breeds eels and seve- 


barons” about A. D. 1238. It was burned 
in A.D. 1413 by O'Conor ; and here Mac 
Feorais Birmingham was imprisoned in 
A. D. 1416, by Edmund Burke.—Four 
Masters. In 1584, this castle was confirmed 
to Sir Richard Bourke, Mac William Eigh- 
ter. See Appendix I. H is now in ruins, 

P Hag-Cuatle.—In Irish, Caislen na Cail- 
lighe. This castle, built before the Eng- 
lish entered Connaught, on a small island 
towards the eastern border of Lough Mask, 
was for a long time after deemed “ impreg- 
nable,” See the note at the word oingna, 
p. 135, of Mr. Petrie s valuable Essay on 
the History and Antiquities of Tara Hill, 
Trans. Royal Irish Academy, vol. xviii. 
part ii. 

3 Belyiana.—See our author's Ogygia, 
p. 174; also Mac Firbis’s History of the 
Firbolgs, for an interesting account of 
these ancient colonists of Ireland; their 


rall 


several defeats at southern Moytury, above 
alluded to, and at Traigh Eothuile and 
northern Moytury, in the present county 
of Sligo. This curious treatise of Mac Fir- 
bis, which yet remains in MS., has been 
overlooked by modern essayists on Irish 
history, or perhaps it was altogether un- 
known tuo them. Its value, however, was 
duly appreciated by the venerable Charles 
O’Conor, whose curious extracts from it, 
concerning the inhabitants of Ireland, 
about the commencement of the Christian 
era, may be scen in Vallancey’s Collec- 
tanca. 

© Under ground only.—Lough Mask has 
no visibleoutlet for its waters. It communi- 
cates with Lough Corrib by subterraneous 
channels, which appear in several large ca- 
verns near Cong. It has been observed, that 
but for the barrier of granite which extends 


from Lough Mask to Lough Corrib, the 


19 
rall kinds of good trouts, specially that which they call the lough 


trout, which hath very fair red and azure spots ; it is as big as any 
salmon, and far more dainty. There are alsoe medicinall leeches’ on 
the south side of the lake. Here is one rarity more, which we may 
terme the Irish crocodil’, whereof one as yet living, about ten years 
ago, had sad experience. The man was passing the shore just by the 
waterside, and spyed far off the head of a beast swimming, which he 
tooke to have been an otter, and tooke no more notice of it; but the 
beast it seems there lifted up his head, to discern whereabouts the 
man was; then diving, swom under water till he struck ground ; 
whereupon he runned out of the water suddenly, and tooke the man 
by the elbow, whereby the man stooped down, and the beast fastened 


waters of both lakes had long since, like 
kindred drops, been mingled into one. If 
these two lakes were connected by means 
of a canal, it would tend considerably to 
the improvement of the west of Ireland. 
“To open a communication between Kil- 
lala and Galway, by means of the Moy, 
Lough Mask, and Lough Corrib, was one 
of the practicable projects of those who were 
employed to survey the navigable rivers 
of Ireland in the early part of the eigh- 
teenth century, and, if carried into effect 
would have proved a most important ad- 
dition to the internal navigation of this 
country.” —Hist. Galway, p. 4. 

$ Medicinall leeches.—Ir. Dallog. The 
leeches found here are stated to be ofa 
good kind, but whether they are used or 
approved of by medical men, for topical 
bleeding, I have not ascertained. The 
country people in the neighbourhood use 


his 


them with good effect. 

© Crocodil__This was rather a for- 
midable class of animals, wherewith to 
rank a beast “of the pitch of an ordinary 
greyhound.” But the story seems to have 
been introduced by our author, to enliven 
his subject, as painters introduce a tree 
or a ruin to give variety or effect to a 
barren landscape. That animals, such as 
that above described, or somewhat similar, 
inhabit the lakes of Ireland, is believed by 
the people in their vicinity. All have 
heard of them, and believe in their ex- 
istence, but none can be found who have 
ever seen them. In these western parts, 
this animal is generally called Each Uisge, 
which means a water horse, and he is de- 
scribed as having “a black shining skin,” 
and a switch tail “without hair” The 
story related by our author is yet told in 
the neighbourhood of Lough Mask. 


D2 


20 


his teeth in his pate, and dragged him into the water; where the man 
tooke hold on a stone by chance in his way, and calling to minde he 
had a knife in his pocket, tooke it out and gave a thrust of it to the 
beast, which thereupon got away from him into the lake. The water 
about him was all bloody, whether from the beast s bloud, or his own, 
or from both, he knows not. It was of the pitch of an ordinary grey- 
hound, of a black slimy skin, without hair, as he immagined. Old 
men acquainted with the lake do tell there is such a beast in it, and 
that a stout fellow with a wolf dog along with him met the like there 
once ; which after a long strugling went away in spite of the man and 
dog, and was a long time after found rotten in a rocky cave of the 
lake, as the water decreased. The like, they say, is seen in other 
lakes of Ireland ; they call it Dovarchu, 1. e. a water dog, or Anchu, 


which is the same. 


Lough Orbsen", so called from Orbsen Mac Allod, one of the 


u Lough Orbsen.—Lough Oirb, or, as now 
alwayscorruptly called Lough Corrib. For 
the derivation of the name from the mer- 
chant Orbsen, commonly called Manannan, 
and surnamed Mac (ir, i.e. the son of 
the sea, see our author's Ogygia, p. 180. 
This Manannan was one of those Cartha- 
ginian merchants who are said to have 
visited this part of the world at an early 
period, and he is stated to have made the 
Isle of Man his principal residence and de- 
posit. Our learned countryman, Cormac 
Mac Cuilenain (whom Caradoc of Lhan- 
carvan, at A. I). gos, Evans's Ed. Lond. 
1774, p. 44, calls, “ Carmot, king and bi- 
shopet Ireland”), notices Manannan, in his 
Glossary, as follows: “Mananoan mac 
lip a. Cenoaioe ampa bor 1 n-imip Mea- 


Dannann 


nano. ba he Luamampe ip vec bor i n-tap- 
tan vomain, po Fhinoud tna nemgnace 
in oineo nobeit in cToineno acor in vol- 
neno acap in cun noy clueclobad cec can 
ve an ne, inde Scotici Britonesque eum 
Deum vocaverunt maris, eumque filium 
maris csse dixcrunt .1. Mac lip de nomine 
Mananouin insula Manandan dicta est.” 
Thus translated : **Manannan Mac Lir, a 
famous merchant who dwelt in the Isle of 
Man. Ile was the greatest navigator of 
this western part of the world, and used 
to presage good or bad weather from his 
observations of the heavens, and from the 
changes of the muon, wherefore the Scots, 
i. e. the Irish, and the Britons, gave him 
the title of ‘God of the sea. They also 
called him Mac Lir, that is, the son of the 


21 


Dannann nation, a very spacious and large lake, hath its source at 
Bonbanann, in the halfe barony of Rosse, and thence extends eight 
miles eastward to the river of Cong, having the half barony of Rosse 
partly on each side, partly dividing Rosse from Moycullin barony, 
and partly having Ross on the north side; it extends southward 
twelve miles in length, till it discharges itself into the river of Gal- 
way, having the baronys of Kilmayn and Clare on the east, and the 
barony of Moycullin on the west ; somewhere four miles in breadth, 


and somewhere less than a quarter of a mile’. 
It is said to have as many islands as are days in the year”, 
all of them belonging to the west", as far as where a boat can pass be- 


sea; and from him the Isle of Man had 
‘its name.” 

William Sacheverell, Esq., “late gover- 
nour of Man,” in his “Short Survey” of 
that isle, 8vo. London, 1702, p. 20, states, 
that the “the Mank's Nation believe Man- 
nan-Mac-Lir, the father, founder, and le- 
gislator of their country, and place him 
about the beginning of the fifth century !” 

v Mile.—Our author here, as in the 
whole of this treatise, uses the great Con- 
naught miles, one of which contained, at 
least, two modern British miles. This long 
measure was probably adopted in this pro- 
vince from the Spaniards, between whom 
and the western part of Ireland, there for- 
merly subsisted much commercial inter- 
course. 

~ Days in the year.—It is curious to ob- 
serve that our author, though so exact in 
every other respect, has, in the present in- 
stance, adopted this popular belief. Mons. 
Latocnaye, the lively French traveller be- 


tween 


fore referred to, passing through this dis- 
trict, observed: ‘‘ The prospect of Lough- 
Corrib is very fine; it is covered with 
islands, the majority of which are culti- 
vated. If you ask the number of these 
islands you will be told three hundred and 
sixty-five, one for every day in the year. 
I saw three lakes in Ireland, where there 
was the same number, or rather to avoid 
the trouble of counting them, the peasants 
mention this number in preference ta any 
other.”.—Vol. ii. p. 25. In like manner 
they tell that there are three hundred and 
sixty-five islands in Clew Bay (anciently 
Cuan Modh), in the Co. Mayo. 

x West.—lIt is probable, that when the 
O’F laherties were obliged to emigrate from 
their ancient territory of Magh Seola (the 
present barony of Clare) to Iar-Connaught, 
as will appear in the sequel, they claimed 
or retained the islands of Lough Corrib. 
Some of those islands, however, now be- 
long to the barony of Clare. 


22 


tween them, and the east side. Of these, Insequin’ and Insimictnr 
contain a quarter of land each ; some half a quarter, some a cartron, 
some an acre, and most of them but few acres. On that island of 
Insequin St. Brendan (ejus Vit. 16 May, cap. 59) built a chappell 
and worked divers miracles*. In the same island St. Meldan*, whose 
testivall day is on the 7th of February, was abbot of a fameous abby 
about the year 580. He was spiritual father to [the] great St. Furse® 
of Perone in France ; who carried the relicques of this saint along 


with him, and inshrined them at Perone. 


The isles of Lough Orbsen were pillaged, Anno 927, by the 


Danes‘ of Limerick. 


Y Insequin.— Now called Inis ui chuinn. 
This is one of the most remarkable of the 
Lough Corrib islands. It was anciently 
so celebrated that the entire lake was 
sometimes called Inre us Chuinn from it. 

* Miractes——Sce Colgan, in vita S. 
Moeni. That saint accompanied St. Bren- 
dan in his seven years’ voyage, and after- 
wards remained with him in this island of 
Inis mac Ify Chuinn, where one of the 
miracles alluded to was performed. ‘ Ubi 
meritis utriusque, legitur quidam istarum 
partium princeps (probably one of the 
“ferocious” O’Flaherties) viris Dei ex- 
itium minitans, miraculo perculsus, ab 
intentato flagitio destitisse, et ad pacem 
et ponitentiam reductus.”— Acta, SS. p. 
413. 

* St. Meldan.—This saint was descended 
from Con Cedchathach (i. e. Con centum 
preeliorum, monarch of Ireland in the 
second century), whose descendants were 
called I{ui Cuinn; and, from the saint 


Echinis, 


and his kinsmen, the island of Inis wi 
Chuinn is said to have taken its name, 
Inis mac Hua Cuinn, i. e. the island of the 
descendants of Con. See Colgan, in Vita 
S. Meldani, p. 269. His festival, as above, 
was, for many ages, celebrated in this island. 

> St. Furse.—The patron saint of the 
O’Flaherties. See his life in Colgan, sd 
supra, p. 75. St. Meldan was his spiritual 
father and director. ‘“S. Meldanus filius 
Hua Cuind de Loch-Oirbsean in Conacisa 
fuit sinedrus seu Pater spiritualis S. Fur- 
soci.””—TJd. p. go, n. 19. See his life in Ven. 
Bede’s Eccl. History, b. iii; given also in 
Colgan, p. 87. 

© By the Danea— Thus related by the 
Four Masters, at A. D. 927 (common era, 
A. D. 929). §abail pon loc Oinbren 
vo Hullaib Cuimníá, agur mp an loca 
uo ongain voib. “ The Danes of Limerick 
took possession of Lough Orbsen, and pil- 
laged its islands.” From this period the 
history of the lake and its islands is brief. 


23 


Echinis‘, i.e. Horse Island, now Inis Gearain, or Garon Island, 
the same in sense as Horse Island, lyes very near Enagh-Coelain con- 


tinent, but nearer Ard, part of Aghnenure‘. 
of Arann visited St. Coelan, priest on Lough Orbsen. 


In this island St. Enna 
This St. 


Coelan is worshipped‘ the 25th of April, (Vita S. Endei, 21 Mar. 


A. D. 1061, the Muintir Murcha (i. e. the 
O’Flaherties of Magh Seola, or the country 
of Hy Briuin Seola, now the barony of 
Clare, in the county of Galway), took pos- 
session of Lough Orbsen, and expelled or 
deposed Aodh (Hugh) O’Conor.—ZJd. Dur- 
ing the violent contentions which took 
place between the O’Conors of Connaught 
for the sovereignty of the province after 
the death of Cathal Crovdearg, in A. D. 
1224, Hugh, the son of Cathal, and his 
English allies, in A. D. 1225, marched 
with an army towards Lough Orbsen, and 
compelled Hugh O'Flaherty, lord of the 
lake and its islands, to deliver up to him 
the islands of Inis-creawa and Oilen na 
Circe, with all the vessels on the lake — 
Id. In A.D. 1256, Walter de Burgo, 
lord of Connaught, and first Earl of Uls- 
ter, marched against Roderick O’Flaherty, 
plundered the territories of Gnomore and 
Gnobeg, west of Lough Orbsen, and took 
possession of the lake, its islands and cas- 
tles. These he fortified, and by that means 
considerably increased the power of the 
English in Connaught. 

Echinis.—Now Inisgerraun, near the 
castle of Aghnenure. For this castle see 
the note next following. Echinis, and the 
other islands above mentioned, lie towards 


Cap. 
the western margin of the lake. Inisgear- 
rann and Ard-island are still known by the 
same names. Enagh Coelain is now called 
Annagh Keelaun. For the visit of St. 
Enna to Echinis, see Colgan, Acta SS. 
p- 709, n. 26. 

© Aghnenure.—A celebrated castle on 
the west side of Lough Orbsen, originally 
built by the De Burgo’s, but considera- 
bly enlarged and fortified in the sixteenth 
century by Morogh nad-tuagh O'Flaherty, 
as will appear in the sequel. The learned 
De Burgo, in his Hib. Dominicana, p. 309, 
has fallen into some mistakes respecting 
this castle, which it may be necessary to 
allude to in another place. 

f Worshipped.—i. e. his memory cele- 
brated, as our author further on expresses 
it, when speaking of St. Coelain, in the ac- 
count of Balinahinch barony, viz., that 
his memory was celebrated, that is, res- 
pected, honoured, or treated with reve- 
rence, which was the ancient sense of the 
term “ worship,” as still used in the Office 
of Matrimony of the Church of England, 
and by our author. So Ussher, passim, viz. 
of St. Mocteus, “ejusque ad hunc usque 
diem celebratur memoria.” — Primord. 855. 
“5. Patricii Hiberniae Apostoli honoratur 
memoria.” —Jd., 897. “ Duo Finiani quo- 


24 


cap.2:5:). Of him likely Enagh-Coelan, nigh Aghnenure, is named. 
Inis-flanann®, an island which retains the memory of St. Flanann, pa- 
tron of Balynduin parish. 

Inis an Ghoill", so called of a certain holy person who there 
lived of old, known only' by the name of An Gall Craibhtheach, 1 e. 
the devout forreigner: for Gall (i. e. of the Gallick nation)’, they call 
every foreigner. So Inis an Ghoill, or the foreigner’s island, between 
Ross and Moycullin barony on Lough Orbsen, containes half a quar- 
ter of pleasant land belonging to Cong Abbey, and hath a fine chap- 
pell therein which is not for the buriall of any body. On this island 
dyed Anno 1128, Murgess O’Nioc, archbishop of Tuam. 

Inis an Ghoill hath two chappells", the one dedicated to St. 
Patrick, the other to the saint of whom the island is named, which ad- 
mits not the buriall of any body, but in the first it 1s usuall to bury. 


Kirke Isle', or the Hen’s Island, lyes in that part of Lough 


rum unius die Februari, XXI”. alterius 
die Septembris x°. celebratur memoria.” — 
f1.954, et Index Chron., 1086. 

8 Jnis-flanann.—Now Inistlanan or Inish- 
lannaun. It belongs to the neighbouring 
townland of Gortnashingan. See the ac- 
count of St. Flannan, in the parish of 
Ballindun. 

This 


island is situated about midway between 


h Inia an Ghoill.—Or Inchagoill. 


the towns of Oughterard and Cong, and 
It is celebrated 
for its ancient ecclesiastical remains, for 
which see the Additional Notes. 

i Known only.—i. e. The only name he 
was known by. 


3 The Gallick nation.—The ancient Irish 


belongs to Cong parish. 


Orbsen 


called every foreigner Gall, viz., an alien 
or stranger. See Ware, De Hib. cap. vii. 
and Harris’s Edit. ii p. 59. 

k Two chappells.—For these and other 
particulars relating to this remarkable 
island, aee the Additional Notes. 

' Kirke [sle—Some Scotch Presbyte- 
rians visited this small island on account 
of its name, and were disappointed at not 
finding a kirk in it. It les in the N. W. 
part of Lough Corrib, in that arm which 
receives the river of Belanabrack, and be- 
longs to the parish of Cong. This island 
was anciently celebrated for its castle, 
which, according to tradition, was built 
by the O'Conor, king of Connaught. See 
ante, p. 22, note (“). 


25 


Orbsen which is within Ross half barony ; and had a castell till bro- 
ken in Cromwell's time. Iniscreawa™, or Wild-garlick Isle, is near 
Cargin in the barony of Clare, a small island, where the walls and 
high ditch of a well fortified place are still extant, and encompass 
almost the whole island. Of this isle, Macamh Insicreawa, a memora- 
ble antient magician, as they say, had his denomination. Anno 12265, 
the Lord Justice of Ireland coming to the port of Iniscreawa, caused 
Odo” O'Flaherty, lord of West Connaught, to deliver’ that island, 
Kirke Island, and all the boats of Lough Orbsen, into the hands of 
Odo O'Connor, king of Connaught (Cathald Redfist’s son), for as- 
surance of his fidelity. Anno 1233, Fedlim, king of Connaught, bro- 
ther to the former, demolished the castles of Kirke Island, Galway", 


Hag Island, and Donoman‘. 


™ Iniscreawa.—In Irish, Inir Cpeama, 
(cpeam, wild garlic). It lies in Lough 
Corrib, opposite the castle of Cargins, 
and belongs to the barony of Clare. See 
note (°). In it are the remains of an an- 
cient circular Cyclopean wall. See Map to 
Tribes and Customs of Hy-many. 

" Odo.—In Irish, Aodh, now Anglicised 
66 Hugh.” 

° Deliver.See ante, p. 22, note (°). 

P Galway.—In Irish, Caiplen na Oail- 
lim. This castle was built by O'Flaherty in 
A. D. 1124. See the Annals of the Four 
Masters at that year, where Dr. O’Conor 
translates “Ia conaccaib,” the Conna- 
cians, by ‘‘a Conachtense, i. e. Tordelvacho 
O’Conor.” But in a note to the Annals 
of Ulster, p. 389, he renders it correctly. 
The erection of these and other castles 
(which may yet be alluded to), before the 

IRISH ARCH. SOC. Is. 


Anno 


arrival of the English, shews with what 
caution the 22nd chapter of Ware’s An- 
tiquities should be read, and the asser- 
tions of other writers received on this 
point. They lay much stress on the Cas- 
trum mirificum, stated to have been built 
in Tuam by king Roderic, A. D. 1161. 
But we here see that castles were not, at 
that time, either so new or so uncommon 
as Ware has ventured to assert. It would, 
therefore, seem more reasonable to con- 
clude, that the castle of Tuam was called 
mirificum, wonderful, from its strength, 
than for the reasons which he alleged ; 
seeing that it was strongly built for de- 
fence of the sacred edifices there, which 
we know, from the Annals of Inisfallen, 
were stormed and despoiled some time 
before, by the Dalgais of Munster. 

a Donoman.—Irish, Oún lomguin, the 


E 


26 


Anno 1651, among the many strange and rare vicissitudes of 
our own present age, the Marquis of Clanrickard’, Lord Deputy of 
Ireland, the Earl of Castlehaven, and Earl of Clancarty, driven out 
of the rest of Ireland, were entertained, as they landed on the west 
shore of this lake, for a night’s lodging, under the mean roof of 
Murtagh Boy Branhagh, an honest farmer’s house, the same year 
wherein the most potent Monarch’ of Great Brittain, our present so- 
vereign, bowed his imperial triple crown under the boughs of an oak 
tree, where his life depended on the shade of the tree leaves. 

This lake breeds salmons, eels, and severall sorts of trouts, 
especially the delicate lough trout, of which kind there were two by 
chance catched, which had fair golden spots. It distributes the salmons 


Dun or fortress of Jomghuin, the pagan 
name of aman. Part of the Dun is still 
remaining. The castle is now called Duna- 
mon, and is situate on the River Suck, on the 
borders of the counties of Galway and Ros- 
common. According to tradition, this was 
anciently the residence of the chiefof the old 
Irish septofO’Finaghty, whose territory lay 
to the west of the river; but they were 
dispossessed by the Burkes, soon after the 
arrival of the English. For a curious ac- 
count of the O’Finaghties, see Mac Firbis’s 
great Book of Genealogies, of which a va- 
luable transcript is preserved in the Li- 
brary of the Royal Irish Academy. See 
also Hy-Fiachrach, p. 108. 

" Clanrickard.—This incident is not 
mentioned in the “ Memoirs of the Mar- 
quiss of Clanricarde,” fo. London, 1757; 
but it probably occurred about the be- 
ginning of October, A. D. 1651, for his 


among 


Lordship dates a letter from the castle of 
Aghnenure, on the 8th of that month. 
See Addenda to the Memoirs, p. 48. 

* Most potent Monarch.—Charles IL. Our 
author, here, and in other parts of his 
writings, seems to have been an ardent ad- 
mirer of royalty, in the person of this 
perfidious and ungrateful Monarch; from 
whom, to the last, the simple man vainly 
expected a restitution of his hereditary 
possessions in Jar-Connaught. See his de- 
dicatory epistle to the Duke of York, after- 
wards James II., prefixed to the Ogygia, 
for such expressions as the following: “sed 
me a ceptis,” the intended dedication of 
that work to Charles, “ deterruit summa 
in regem meum observantia, detinuit pu- 
dor, metusque. Oculorum aciem per- 
strinxit summe majestatis comtemplatio. 
Intercessore mihi opus esse judicavi,” &c. 
But these abject expressions were of no 


27 


among divers surrounding rivers, which mutually contribute their fish 
and water to it; and every salmon, if not hindered, will be sure to go 
to that river where first it was ingendred, and after spawning there, 
returns in due season to the sea. Here, some old seales' come along 
from the sea in pursuit of the salmons. Here is another kind of fish 
which hath recourse to the sea as the salmon, yearly to and fro, they 
are called chops, and in Irish, ¢rascain, very like herrings, only that 
herrings come not on fresh water. 

The river of Galway, whose channell is the conveyance of 
Lough Orbsen for four miles into the sea, slides with some meander 
windings in a slow and deep stream, till it comes near the town of 
Galway. But as it passes by the townes side it falls into the sea with 
a loud noise, in a shallow vehement stream of fair christalline water’. 
The right name of the river is Galliv, from the oblique whereof 


avail; our author, notwithstanding all his 
loyalty, died a plundered and disappointed 
man. 

© Seales.—The coasts of Iar-Connaught 
and its islands abound with seals. The 
curious account given of these animals by 
Martin in his description of the west- 
ern islands of Scotland, p. 62, et seq., 
would, in most respects, answer for our 
western islands and coast; the only dif- 
ference, perhaps, being, that with us seals 
are seldom slaughtered or used as food. 
See the affecting story of the domesticated 
seal, told by the ingenious author of 
ee Wild Sports of the West.” Many tra- 
ditions, connecting these harmless animals 
with the marvellous, are related along our 
western shores. Among these there is 
one of a curious nature, viz., that at some 


Gaillve, 


distant period of time, several of the Clan 
Coneelys(Mac Congaile), an old family of 
Iar-Connaught, were, by “ Art magick,” 
metamorphosed into seals! In some places 
the story has its believers, who would 
no more kill a seal, or eat of a slaughtered 
one, than they would of a human Coneely. 
It is related as a fact, that this ridiculous 
story has caused several of the clan to 
change their name to Conolly. 

u Christalline water —The redundant wa- 
ters of Lough Corrib, which flow unpro- 
fitably through the populous town of 
Galway, have been estimated as equal to 
10,000 horse power in machinery. It is 
asserted, that with a moderate and ju- 
dicious outlay of capital, that great natural 
supply might be made highly profitable to 
the undertaker, and beneficial to the public. 


E 2 


28 


Gaillve, is formed Gallway’ and Galvia, whereby the town is now de- 
noted. The occasion of the name a very antient Irish distick ex- 
presses thus, translated: 


“ Ludit aquis mersam deluserat amnis 
Bressalii prolis, funere nomen habet". 


The name of Jordan” Island on this river, gave occasion to the Ana- 
baptists of the town, in Cromwell's days, to goe thither and dip them- 
selves by the island’s side, as alluding to the river of Jordan. 

There is an island, where the river issues from the lake, now 
called Olen-na-mbra-har or the Fryar’s Isle, but antiently Olen-na 
y-clereagh, i. e. the Clergy’s Isle ; for the Irish Anals mention that, 
anno 1178, from midnight to noon Galway river became dry’ from 


’ Galle ay.—This town was formerly so 
celebrated in foreign parts, that an English 
uuthor, Heylin, writes of it,—“ Galloway, 
a noted emporie, and lately of so great 
fame with foreign merchants, that an out- 
landish merchant meeting with an Trish- 
man, demanded in what part of Galloway 
Ireland stood; as if Galloway had been the 
name of the island, and Ireland only the 
name of some town.” 

¥ Nomen habet.—The “antient Irish 
distick” is given in the “ Dinn Seanchus,” 
as follows: 

Oulleam ingean Gpeapal buain 
Rup puchpare ’pa lino ldn-uanp, 
Cnn po búíoeaú in fez geal: 
Ucige ainmngéeap Gailleam. 

Thus in English: 


(ailleamh, daughter of lasting (prosperous) 
Breasal, 
Bathed in the full cool stream, 


Clergy 


Where the bright branch was drowned : 
From her the (river) Gailleamh is named. 


The original proceeds to state that the 
monument of this lady, Ga:lleamh, was to 
be seen on the brink of the river, where a 
large rock near its western bank is still 
pointed out as the site. Here itis intended, 
by some of the spirited inhabitants of the 
town, to restore that remarkable monu- 
ment, by erecting a column on the spot, 
with the above inscription; in order to dis- 
tinguish the place from which so large a 
portion of that part of Ireland has been 
named. 

x Jordan.—The fanatics of the time 
found their way even to this ‘distant 
angle” of the dominions of the common- 
wealth, after its reduction by Crom- 
well’s forces. But they soon began to 
persecute one another; of which see some 
curious instances in the Additional Notes. 


29 


Clergy Isle to the sea; and much fish and goods long afore drowned 
therein, found by the people of the town. It became dry the second 
time, anno.1190, wherein was found the head of a spear’, one cubit 
long (Ware, Ant. Hib., c. 12, pag. 65). It became suddenly dry in 
our own memory twice, first on Tuesday the 7th of September, anno 
1647 ; the second time there was mighty great frost from the 28th of 
November, 1683, to the 3rd of February, whereby the river was all 
congealed, only the rapid streame from the wood-key of the town to 
the sea. This stream suddenly stoped on Wednesday, the 23rd of 
January, from the night before to the night after ; so as the channell 
was all along dry during that time, and though the frost continued 
as much after as before, yet the stream runned the day after and 
filled its channell, so continuing as usually before ; soe alsoe it did 
after the 7th day of September the first time’. 

This river hath the same fish with the lake whence it springs ; 
and in the mouth thereof, where the sea flowes, abundance of yelvers 
or eele frey is yearly taken in Lent time, till they wax black and stiffe 
about May. On the bridge, over the river from the town to the 
west, salmons are taken up by casting trident spears? at them, with 
long ropes to draw up the spears again. 


On 


7 Became dry.—This is related in the 
Annals of the Four Masters as follows: 
“ (I. C. 1178, Abann nu Saillme vo 
tpacchaoh pm epf ldiche aiceanca ; na 
h-uile aiohme po bdohio innce ó chen, 
co n-a h-igrcc, vo chiondl la luche an 
oun, asur anzim ig-colccinne.” “The 
river Gaillimh became dried for the space 
of three natural days, and all the accoutre- 
ments that had lain in it from the earliest 
period, with its fish, were gathered by 
the people of the fortress and country.” 


* A spear.—See Ware’s Ant. Hibernice, 
c. xu. ‘In Annalibus Roscomanensibus, 
ad annum MCXC., fit mentio capitis Haste, 
ad longitudinem unius cubiti, reperti in 
fluvio Galive tum desiccato.” 

* The first time.—I do not find these oc- 
currences elsewhere related. Although 
the river has frequently become shallow 
since the above was written, yet no one, at 
present living, remembers to have seen it 
entirely “dry.” 

b Trident spears.—This curious method 


30 


On the west side, it is mearing with the barony of Moycullin and 
west liberties of the town; on the east with the east liberties, and 
baronys of Clare and Dunkellin. 

Galway, the chiefe town‘ of the province of Connaught, fameous 
for its handsome contrivement and fortification, its antient great traf- 
fick and dealings with forreigners, and the worthy parts and qualities 
of its cittizens, ly’s on the east side where the river meets with the 
sea on high water about the bridge. This bridge was built anno 
1442, by Edmond Lynch Fitz Thomas. It borrowes its name from 
the river, and was called Dunbo na Gaillve, that is dun of Galway 
river's mouth. Dun is a fortified town, both with the ancient Gaules, 
Welsh, and Irish; and is the same that the antient Saxons called 
Burough, as Edenburow in English is Dun-Eden in Irish. It hath 
nothing to doe with the sense of hill or height, as Camden (Camd. 
Brit. titulo Wil shi.) and Sir Ja. Ware (Ware, Anúna. Hib. cap. to, 
p. 51) thought; only that such as were so called were usually 
situated on heights. 

Galway, therefore, was in antient times a burough’, and soe con- 

tinued 


of taking salmon was much practised in 
former times. The handle of the spear 
was about five feet in length, and wan se- 
cured at the top by a rope of sufficient 
extent. The spearman generally took his 
stand on the battlement of the bridge (see 
Hist. Galway, p. 30, and the old map of the 
town there given),and having capied the fich 
he seldom missed his aim, but the prae- 
tice has of late years been discontinued. 

© Chiefe town.—Thia was formerly the 
chief commercial town of Ireland. [tis 
remarkable fur its noble harbour, and other 


natural advantages; and probably in pro- 
cess of time, it may become one of the prin- 
cipal emporiums for trade between these 
countries and America. In such an event, 
Jar-Connaught would necessarily partici- 
pate in its prosperity, 

4 Burough.—This town, or “ burough,” 
appeare to have existed before the arrival 
of the Anglo-Normans, and even to have 
heen a fortified town, though it never was 
built or inhabited by Ostmen, as Ware 
has boldly asserted of all the fortified 


towns of freland, See his Antiq. c. xii 


31 


tinued after the English invasion, being one of the Earles of Ulster 
their mannours, as appears by the ensuing annals and records. 
Anno 1124°, the castles of Dun-leo’ (now Belanaslow), Galway, 
and Kulmaile® (now Killoony, in the county of Sligoe), were built. 
Anno 1132, the castle of Galway demolished by Monstermen in- 
vading it by sea, and Conor O'Flaherty, Lord of West Connaught, 


slain by them. 


Anno 1149, Tordelvac O’Bryan, king of Munster, invaded Con- 
naught, and dismantled Galway Dun. 

Anno 1154, the ships of Galway Dun, and of Conmacnymara, 
sent upon an expedition to the north. 

Anno 1161, fantastical ships" were seen in the harbour of Gal- 


This assertion of Ware, in support of which 
he has not adduced any authority, will, it 
is hoped, attract the attention of some of 
the learned members of the Irish Arche- 
ological Society. 

e Anno 1124.—This, and most of the 
facts related in the text to A. D., 1271, 
inclusive, will be found detailed in the 
Annals of the Four Masters, at the respec- 
tive years mentioned above. For that at 
A. D. 1230, see the Annals of Inisfallen. 

f Dun-leo.—Irish, Ounleoda, the dun or 
habitation of Leodha, now anglicised Dun- 
loe, which gives name to a street in Bal- 
linasloe. There is an old Irish family of 
the name of Low, still highly respectable, 
the head of which, I believe, resides at 
Low-ville, near Ballinasloe, in the Co. of 
Galway; but whether they descend from 
the Leodh, after whom this fortress was 
named, does not appear. 


way 


g Kulmaile.—Ir. Cul Maoile, now Co- 
loony, a small town about five miles south 
of Sligo. Another castle was erected there 
by Morogh, son of Cormac Mac Donogh, 
in A. D. 1408.—Four Masters. 

h Fantastical ships.—Our annalists, in 
recording this occurrence, call these ships 
longer vemnacoa, which Dr. O'Conor 
translates, ‘‘ Naves bellice,” Four Masters, 
p. 807. This does not, however, convey the 
meaning of oemnacoa, which literally sig- 
nifies devilish or diabolical, from veaman 
(demon), the evil spirit. But our author’s 
phrase, “fantastical ships” (viz., visionary, 
or having the appearance of a phantom, 
not real), was happily chosen to express 
this instance of atmospherical refraction. 
The writer remembers to have seen, when 
a boy, a well-defined aerial phenomenon 
of this kind, from a rising ground near 
the mountain of Cruach-Patrick, in Mayo. 


32 
way Dun to saile against the wind, and the next day Galway Dun 
tooke fire. 

Anno 1230, Richard de Burgo, Lord of Connaught and Lord 
Justice of Ireland, constituting Fedlim O'Connor King of Connaught, 
besieged Odo O'Flaherty, Lord of West Connaught, in the castle of 
Galway, on the east side of the river ; and he being relieved on the 
west side by Odo, King of Connaught (son of Roderick, last King of 
Ireland), the besiegers quitted the siege. 

Anno 1232, the same lord, Richard Burk, built a castle in Gal- 
way, having restored Odo O'Connor, and confined Fedlim O'Connor. 

Anno 1233, Fedlim, set at liberty, became King of Connaught, 
by the death of Odo, and broke down Galway, Kirke, Hag, and Duno- 
man castles. 

Anno 1247, the town and castle of Galway burnt. 

Anno 1271, Walter de Burgo, Earle of Ulster, and Lord of Con- 
naught, dyed in the castle of Galway. 

Anno 1342, Richard Cadell, sirnamed Black, of whom the Blakes 
of Galway are dessended, was bailiffe of Galway under Richard de 
Burgo, the Red Earl of Ulster. 

Anno 1313, the Lord John Burk, son and heir of Richard the 
Red Earle of Ulster, dyed at Galway. 

Anno 1333, in an office found upon William, Earl of Ulster (son 
to the said Lord John), his death, which begins, “ Inquisitio capta 
apud Clare coram Johanne Morice, Esxeactore Domint Regis in Hi- 

bernia, 


It was ón a eerene evening in the autumn weet conat of Ireland. 

of 1798. Plundreds who nlao witneseed the 1 The Red Karl, .—For some curious do- 
scene believed it enpernatucal , bufit wna enments concerning the Red Earl” and 
BOOT afterwards fond tohave been canard the “ labore of Galway,” sce the Ad- 
hy the fleet of Adiniral Warren, then in ditional Notes, 

pursuit of a French squadron, off the 


33 


bernia, 8° die Decemb. anno regni Edwardi III., septimo, there is 
the ensuing mention of Galway, 11" 6” per ann. de tribus villatis 
terre cum dimidio in Burgagio del Galliv, quas Burgagii ibidem 
tenent libere in feodo. Est ibidem quedam domus lapidea que 
solebat dimitti per ann. pro 66” 8% et modo nihil inde percipitur, quia 
prostrata venit ad terram et est ibidem alia domus quam comes emit 
de Wellielmo Marescallo (the eldest branch of immi Gal- 
way were called Marshalls, till that branch was extinguished in the 
male line) que 11* reddit per ann. Item placita et perquisita hun- 
dred ibidem, solebat valere per ann. 5" The ruines of the earle’s 
house called Clogh-an-hiarla, or the earl’s stone, are still extant in 
Galway nigh the key, where there is a well dedicated to St. Brendan, 
patron of Enagh-duin diocess, wherein was Galway, whose feast, 16th 
May, usually kept holy by the key-street dwellers of old. 

Anno 1369, upon the death of Lyonell Duke of Clarence, the 
ensuing office was found. Inquisitio apud Dublin die Veneris prox- 
imo post assumptionem B. Marie, anno 43 Edwardi III. Regis 
Anglis et Francie 307° Leonellus Dux Clarencise tenuit de domino 
rege in capite, die quo obiit, et de jure Elizabethe uxoris sux fille 
Williclmi Comitis Ultonix, manneria de Logh-reagh, Tobarbride, 
Toyloghoban’, Loghmesg, Sligoc*, Galway et Portdempne', que va- 


luerunt ei 200" per ann. 


Toyloghoban.—Now Tuluban, in the 
county of Galway. See Gratianus Lucius, 
p- 263, for a remarkable occurrence which 
took place there in the time of that writer; 
and which may serve to shew the mise- 
rable state to which the people of Ireland 
were reduced at that period. 

k Sligoe.—This place is first mentioned 
in our Annals, at A.D. 537 (Tigernach, 
A.D. 543), when a great battle was 

IRISH ARCH. SOC. I5. 


By 


fought there, in which Eogan Bel, fourth 
Christian king of Connaught, was slain. 
An historical account of Sligo, from that 
period to the present, would prove an im- 
portant addition to the history of Ireland. 
It would necessarily include the transac- 
tions of the great family of O’Donnell ; 
which of themselves would form a most 
eventful narrative. For such a work ample 
and interesting materials are extant. 


34 


By process of time after this Galway had its annual magistrates 
called portriffs. Portriffe in the old Suxon tongue is the magistrate 
of a sea-port as the sherriffe is of a shire. I find that James Develyn 
was, Anno 1431", portriffe of Galway. This family is since extinct, 
and the Darcys of Galway are their generall heirs. 

The Develin’s arms", still extant, carved in stone in James Reagh 
Darcy's house in Abby-gate street, is the same with the Dillon’s arms. 

After portrifles their annual mayistrates were a sovereign and 
portriffe under him, for every year, till by the concession of King 
Richard III. (Ware, Henry VIT. ad ann. 1500), Anno 1486, the last 
year of his reigne, they exchanged them for mayors and two bay- 
lifles ; who were elected on Lammas-day, and tooke their places on 


Michaelmas-day the 2gth September. 
About the same time as aforementioned, Donagh O'Murry, Arch 
Bishope of Tuam, instituted a colledge® (ibid. ad ann. 1501) for St. 


! Portdempune.—Irish Popromna, still 
well known as the town and manor of 
Portumna, situate on the west bank of 
the Shannon, in the county of Galway. 
Here anciently stood the great castle of 
Oo Madden, which, with the surrounding 
territory, is said to have passed to the De 
Burgos of Clanrickard, by marriage with 
one of the O'Maddens. 
“Composition” with Queen Elizabeth, 


In the Connaught 


A.D. 1585, it was specially provided, 
that the Earle of Clanrickard " shall have 
the castle or manor of Portumny, and 
fower quarters of land there, free, wherof 
he is now said to be seized as of his in- 
heritance, fully discharged of all rents and 
demands of O' Madden.“—See Appendix I. 

™ Anno 1431.—During the above inter- 


Nicholas’ 
val, several occurrences have been omitted 
by our author, Among others, in A.D, 
1399, ** Galway was taken and plunder- 
ed by Ulick Burke, and innumerable were 
the spoils taken from it, both gold and 
silver, and all kinds of goods."—MS, in 
Trin. Col. Lib. H. 35. p. 320. The Four 
Masters record, that in A.D. 1424, Mac 
William of Clanrickard, i.e. Click Burke, 
died, after having subdued the devil and 
the world. 

0 Pereliva Arma.—These arms may still 
be seen on an elaborately carved chimrey- 
piece, in the ald house. or rather castle, 
above alluded to. 

° A colledye.—Several bulls and other 
original documents of ancient date, re 
lating to this once celebrated institution, 


35 


Nicholas’ church in Galway, of a wardian and eight chorall vicars, 
whereunto where appropriated nine parishes of the diocess ; which had 
as many parish vicars, all under the wardian, as well as the eight chorall 
vicars which served the high church and the town. The wardian is 
yearly elected by the common vote of the citizens, as the mayor is; 
but continued in one person for many years, during the pleasure of 
the electors. Dominick Duffe Linch Fitz-John, second mayor, and 
brother to the first, was chief founder of the colledge. There was 
but a small chappell soon before in this place. The church was de- 
dicated to St. Nicholas Bishope of Myra, in Licia, worshipped the 
6th of December: on which day Galway men invited to their table 


such as they would have to keep Christmas? next with them. 
Anno 1486', 29th September, Pierce Lynch Fitz-John Boy, took 


are inserted in the Addenda hereto. This 
is done with a view of saving them from 
oblivion, and of aiding, even by a little, the 
future ecclesiastical historian of Ireland. 
P To keep Christmas.—‘‘ Galway men” 
were formerly noted for their hospitality, 
which they carried to such excess, that the 
civic authority was often obliged to inter- 
fere, in order to check or regulateit. Thus 
in A.D. 1518, it was enacted, ‘‘ that no 
man of this town shall oste or receive into 
ther housses at Christmas, Easter, nor no 
feaste elles, any of the Burkes, M‘Wil- 
liams, the Kellies, nor no cepte elles, 
withoute license of the mayor and councill, 
on payn to forfeit £5: that neither O ne 
Mac shall strutte ne swaggere thro’ the 
streets of Gallway.”—Orig. Corporation 
Book. After this law, the good people 
here gradually grew more thrifty, inso- 


his 


much, that their hospitality at length 
often required a spur to stimulate it. 
Thus, whenever a stranger, viz., “ any 
of the Burkes, M‘Williams, or Kellies,” 
found himself uninvited to dinner, he had 
only to appear abroad in his boots and 
spurs, and they seldom failed to insure 
him an invitation. But even this pleasant 
expedient is now of no avail, so far have 
we departed from the good old customs of 
former times. 

8 Anno 1486.—The well-known story 
of the mayor of Galway, who, about this 
time, is said to have condemned and exe- 
cuted his only son, “ for killing and break- 
ing faith with strangers,” is not noticed 
by our author. As he possessed the best 
means of information, it 1s not probable 
that he would have passed over so singu- 
lar an occurrence in silence, if he had con- 


F2 


36 


hin Place As first mayor of Galway, of whose family was the last 
mayor of Galway, Phomas Lynch Fitz-Ambrose, deposed, anno 165.4, 
hy the usurped power, together with his two sheriffes, Richard Lynch’ 
Mita dames and Anthony French Fitz-Peter, contrary to the publick 
faith, upon rendition of the town past. Most of the mayors of Gal- 
way were of the same family; the ancestor of whom was William 
acy, son of Thugh de Lacy, first Lord Justice of Ireland, and of the 
daughter of Roderick O'Connor, last King of Ireland. 

Anno tors, in the mayoralty time of Richard Bodkin, the corpora- 
tion of Galway was erected by King James into a county of the town of 
Galway, different from the county of Galway abroad, to be governed 
by wimnyor and two sherifls. ‘Phe King's sword given to be carried 
before the mayor: and the liberties of the town to be enlarged two 
Patrick Martin and Christopher Bodkin were 
the first sheiills “The same tune, the company of the young men, 
which was instituted Anno ig2i, in the mayoralty time of William 
Martin, had their patent trom the mayor and corporation, to make 
by lawn for the well governing of their company; and that their 


miles of each side 


capt should sit next after the sheriffs. 
Anno 


tole ge Pout tee be (hike, The Olds bol eer: trustees shall seen meete : to which pur- 


peneedeaa the truth of the prone My will is. that they procure a ehar- 


Iain]; story 


pus Ww deal “US pode datas 


i Panch Fhís was forte dy the lend- 


Ss lais deca , mm ALA ~plendid nets of 


He daththeenes tomate on reeord, Among 
tld ut Denny foc, Bart, by his will 
hated tyth Now, 1% 83, bequeathed us 

“Thom 2 g00 out of the profits 
bail 


doses oboe cof iú larth af Galway, shalhe 


fefdacn 
| Híy tee fthintent that such porre 
Fen tytn te tyne, forever, be preferred 


wath, nch cobaapertent portions, us fa my 


ter of Incorporation, by the name of * The 
Gsuardians of the poore Mavdens of Gal- 
way.” with licence to purchase land to 
that use. And that in preferring of such 
maydens, those that shall be of the Linches 
shall be first: provvded, and next them of 
the Martines."— Orig. Will in the Prero- 
gative Office, Dublin. See the Miscellany 
of the Trish Archwological Suciety, vol. i. 
for further particulars of the Lynch fa- 


mily. 


37 


Anno 1628, in the mayoralty time of Sir Richard Blake, King 
Charles the First granted the mayors to be of the king’s counsell for 
the government of the town and county at large; and in commission 
Joined with the governours of Galway to execute marshall law. They 
were alsoe chief in commission for the assizes kept in the county of 
the town, and admiralls of all the ports and creeks within the Bay 
of Galway to the Isles of Aran: whereupon it happened, Anno 1629, 
John Lynch Fitz-Richard being mayor, that the judge of assizes 
fined the mayor in a 1oo" for not attending him at court; whereof 
the mayor, having notice, came tu court, and fined the judge" 200° for 
presuming beyond his commission. 

The mayor’s court had the decision of any sum unlimited; and 
his warrant of attachment went over the whole province of Con- 
naught. Four of them died the year of their mayoralty, viz., Andrew 
Brown, Anno 1574; James Darcy, Anno 1603; Robert Martin, 
Anno 1622; and Marcus Blake, Anno 1629; and four of them were 
deprived of their mayoralty for recusancy, inasmuch as their con- 
sciences did not lead them to take the oath of the King’s absolute 
supremacy over the Church, viz., Oliver Brown, deposed the 8th of 
January, 1623, Sir Valentine Blake, Baronet (with his two sheriffs, 
Andrew Lynch and Thomas Blake), the 13th of Nov. 1611; Sir 
Peter French, Anno 1616, being fined‘ in a hundred pounds ster. ; 

and 


$ Fined the judge.—The petulance of the 
judge has often been known to lessen the 
dignity of the bench. At the time alluded 
to, ““ Assizes” were of recent introduction 
in the west of Ireland; and our doughty 
mayor considered himself fully on an 
equality with the petulant judge. For 
ludicrous anecdotes of two of these old- 
going “ judges of assize,” whose names 


were Jacob and Sparke, see Gratiunus 
Lucius, p. 253. 

© Fined.— These fines for recusancy 
must be considered severe, when com- 
pared with those imposed on the citizens 
of Dublin at that period. In A.D. 1613, 
the commissioners appointed to inquire 
into “general grievances,” in their report 
to the King (a curious historical document, 


38 


and Oliver Martin deposed after his election, the 27th September, 
1632. 

The aldermen were chosen at evening, the last of July, by the 
mayor, recorder, and aldermen who bore office only, at which time 
one or two were supplyed for election yearly, in place of the mayor 
afore elected, and aldermen deceased. The next day they went to 
election by the major vote of the mayor, aldermen, and burgesses 
only; until in the year 1624, all freemen were made capable to vote; 
whereby Robert Blake Fitz-Walter was chosen, who was the first 
mayor not questioned for recusancy for thirty years before. Their 
order of precedency was,—1, the mayor; 2, recorders; 3, baronets 
and knights; 4, aldermen who were mayors; 5, sheriffes; 6, the 
captain of the young men; 7, aldermen in election; 8, chamberlain ; 
g, esquires and counsellors at law; 10, burgesses that did undergoe 


office; 11, the rest according to their age and calling. 
Saint Francis’ Abbey by the river on the north side of the town, 
was founded, Anno 1296, by Sir William Bourk" (Lord Warden of 


never published) stated, that “the laws 
in force for maintenance of God's true re- 
ligion are in very few places put in due 
execution, in regard that, in the country 
and corporate townes, with great dithculty 
is to be found any jury that will present 
reeusanta; and in the city of Waterford, 
the laws for religion cannot be executed :” 
and they recommended “a constant course 
to be held in execution of the laws, for 
compelling his Majesty’s subjects te at- 
tend the preaching of the word, and hear- 
ing of divine service—for suppressing of 
Popish schools—establishment of school- 
masters—weeding out Popish priests— 


Ireland, 


and, instead of idle and scandalous minis- 
ters, to place those that are learned and 
painful.”"— fot, Pat. 16 Jac. 1. p. 3. No. 6. 
u Ar William Bourk.— Roger O' Ferrall, 
in his curious Book of Genealogies, pre- 
served in the Othee of Arms, Dublin, 
gives the following account of the founders 
of this family : * Richard D*Burgo, the 
elder, son of William Fitz-Adelm, called 
by the Irish (tor a distinction between 
him and his younger brother, Richard the 
younger, aueestor to the Earls of Clan- 
rickard), Muc na Cunouoipe Suyanupgie 
—the English countesse’s son, was Lord 
Justice of Ireland, A. D. 1229, und Lord of 


39 


Ireland, Anno 1308), there interred, Anno 1324. He was brother's 
son to the above Walter Earl of Ulster, and ancestor of the Bourks 


of Mayo" county. 


Our Lady’s Church, on the west side of the river, was a small 
chappell of old belonging to the Premonstratences’ Abbey of Tuam ; 
wherein stood a statue of our blessed Lady, much frequented by the 


devotion of the people. 


The Premonstratences granted the place to 


St. Dominick’s Order of Athenry; who founded there a convent of 


Connaught; which last title (some say) he 
acquired in right of his wife Una, or 
Agnes, daughter of Hu. O’Connor, King 
of Connaught (by Ranalt his wife, daugh- 
ter of Arley O’Ferrall, King of Con- 
macny,) son of Cathal Crovdhearg, King 
of Connaught, and of Mop, or Maud 
O’Bryan, his Queen. He had by his said 
wife Agnes, two sons, Walter and William. 
The latter was ancestor to the Lord Vis- 
count Mayo, and the rest of the Burkes of 
the Co. Mayo, whose chiefs were, after 
him, called M‘Wiliam Ejghter.” The 
son of this last named William, was “Sir 
William Burke, Lord Warden,” mentioned 
in the text. See also Lodge, vol. ii. p. 126. 
Y Bourkes of Mayo.—John Smyth * De 
Burgh,"’ eleventh Earl of Clanricarde, in 
the ‘‘ Pedigree of De Burgh,” prefixed to 
his edition of the Memoirs and Letters of 
(his “ dead ancestor,” as he called him) 
Ulick, Marquiss of Clanricarde, fol. Lond. 
1757, states that Sir William Burke, 
é“ Lord Warden,” had seven sons, viz., 
“ Ulick, his successor, Sir Edmond, ances- 
tor to the Lord Viscount Mayo, Richard, 


St. 


Sir Redmond, Sir Thomas, made Lord 
Treasurer of Ireland the 17th of July, 
1331, John de Burgo, made Archbishop 
of Tuam in 1341, who died in 1350, and 
Henry.”—Pedigree, p.x. For all this the 
noble editor has adduced no authority, 
possibly considering his own assertion 
sufficient. What relates to John, how- 
ever, is evidently incorrect (see Harris's 
Ware, vol.i. p. 612), and much of the re- 
mainder is very doubtful. Lodge, who 
has merely copied the Memoir, pretends 
to correct the error as to John, by making 
him father of the Archbishop. O’Ferrall, 
in his book before quoted, omits “ Ulick 
his successor,” and says that Sir Edmond 
(called Albanagh) was the first son, and 
then names Richard, John, and Philip, 


‘only : but O’Ferrall does not refer to any 


authority. I mention these discrepancies 
here merely to direct attention to them, 
and to refer the reader to Mac Firbis’s Irish 
Pedigrees, as, perhaps, superior authority 
on these subjects. History requires that 
the descent of so important a family should 
be rendered as clear and perfect as possible. 


40 


St. Dominick’s Order”. Fa. Danicl Nolan, Pryor of this convent, 
Anno 1672, deceased ; Anno 1669, built there a large chappell, and 
covered it with brick. 

Margaret Athy, the wife of Stephen Lynch (Fitz-Dominick Duffe ), 
mayor of Galway, Anno 1506, in the absence of her husband on a 
voyage beyond sea, built the Abbey of St. Augustin’s Order of 
Hermits’, on the hill the south side of the town. 

St. Bridget’s Hospitall on the east side of the town, was built by 
the corporation, Anno 1542. Thomas Lynch Fitz-Stephen being a 
mayor, and a maid servant of one of the burgesses, by their turns, 
handsomly attired, with a plate cup in her hand, every Sunday about 


dinner time, visited all the houses in town to collect almes’ for it. 
Among the founders of pious works, Margaret Joyce Fitz-John, 
the wife of alderman Oliver Og French, 159%, mayor, is not to be 


¥ St. Dominick's: Order.—For an ac- 
count of this convent, see Zthernica Do- 
minicana, Pp. 322. 

* Order of Hermits.—The clergy, both 
regular and secular, were formerly well 
endowed and supported, and at all times 
obeyed and respected by the community, as 
well here as in every other part of Ireland. 
* Sacerdotes apud illos maygnam obtinent 
dignitatem,” says Stanihurst, De Rehua 
Hib. po 4g, A.D. 1584. See also Roth's 
Analecta, p. 160; and O'Sullivan'’s Hist. 
Cathdl. tol. 227. Of this we have the 
following further unequivocal testimony, 
in“ The Image of [reland,” by John Der- 
rick, London, 1g81 3 reprinted, in Scott's 


* Somers’ Tracts,” 


valuable edition of 
gto. Lond. 1809: “ Friers have chectest 


and hievst roomes at feastes amongst the 


omitted : 
Irishrie, and why should not we give 
them like honour at the galluwes.”—vol. i. 
p: §89. 
¥ Al/mes.—Soon after this period it be- 
came necessary toobtain the royal license 
to “collect alme".” In the reign of James I. 
the learned antiquary Stowe, at the age of 
eighty years, obtained license, by letters 
patent, to ask alins for the space of twelve 
months, for his subsistence! In Ireland 
such Jicenses were frequent. On = 20th 
August, A.D. 1618, Ellin Daniel, of 
Youghal, under the 
King’s letters, to ask charitable benevo- 


obtained — license 
lence for two years, to relieve herself, and 
to redeem her husband who was taken by 
pirates at sea, and sold te the Turks— 
fot. Pat. 16 Jac. I. p. 3, No. 20. 


41 


omitted: who for charity and good commonwealth’s sake built se- 
verall stone bridges” through all Connaught, from Galway to Sligoe, 
One day as she sat by the work of a bridge, an eagle let fall a golden 
ring with a precious stone (not known to any lapidary) into her 
bosom, preserved still by her posterity’. 

The town of Gallway was besieged the 8th of July,1651, by the 
forces of the Parliament of the Commonwealth of England, under 
the conduct of Sir Charles Coot®, Earl of Montrath. The siege con- 


* Bridges.—The bridges of Ireland, as 
well before as since the arrival of the Eng- 
lish, their materials and form, when and 
by whom erected, and the historic facts 
connected with them, would form an in- 
teresting subject of antiquarian research. 
Those ancient structures have been alto- 
gether overlooked by our published wri- 
ters ; for, the few imperfect remarks con- 
tained in the publications of the Royal 
Dublin Society, called ‘Statistical Sur- 
veys, are undeserving of notice. The 
Annals, however, would furnish some an- 
cient information ; and much, of a more 
recent date, would be found among our 
state and legal records. It is therefore 
hoped, that the subject may be considered 
worthy the attention of some of the learned 
members of the Irish Archeological So- 
ciety. See Lynch, in Vita Kirovani, 
pp. 43, 4: beginning, “In multa laude 
quondam pontium extructio posita fuit, 
nec ultima pontificum cura fuisse videtur 
lis condendis incumbere, cum 4 pontibus 
faciendis Varro Pontificis nomen deducat.” 
After which the author mentions, that 

IRISH ARCH. SOC. I5. 


tinued 


Bishop Kirwan built several bridges in 
Connaught at his own expense; and re- 
lates a circumstance which occurred be- 
tween him and William Daniel, Arch- 
bishop of Tuam (the translator of the New 
Testament into Irish), no way discreditable 
to the memory of that learned prelate. 

* Posterity.—This story may, in all pro- 
bability, be attributed to some inventive 
genius of the Joyce family. That such 
an exemplary lady, however, did exist, 
and that she was humane and charitable, 
and even that she did build bridges in her 
day, are all very probable; but ‘the eagle,” 
and the “ golden ring,” and the “ precious 
stone not known to any lapidary,” may 
safely be left to be “‘ preserved still by her 
posterity.” Stanihurst, A. D. 1576, has 
handed down a similarly fabulous account 
of another ‘ chast widow, a politike dame, 
a bountifull gentlewoman, called Rose of 
Rosse ;” for which see Holinshed, vol. vi. 
Lond. ed. 1808, p. 30. See also note to 
the Statute of Kilkenny, p. 58. 

bh Sir Charles Coot—On the 12th May, 
1645, he was appointed Lord President of 


G 


42 


tinued 40 weeks, till the 15th day after the solar eclipse, it was 
surrendred® by consent of the King’s Lord Deputy of Ireland, the 
12th of Aprill, 1652, next day after Palm Sunday, on certain articles ; 
by which they were to enjoy their estates in town and liberties with- 
out diminution, and two-thirds of their estates abroad, with as full 
liberty to trade at home and abroad as other English subjects had, 
and not pay taxes but in proportion with their neighbours. 

The Bay" of Galway whereunto the rivers fall, was called of old 


Connaught, * by consent of Parliament.” 
See his patent, with the sanguinary in- 
structions (which, though acted upon, 
were never, [ believe, published), inrolled 
on Cromwell's Rolls? No. 1, Memb. 7. 
in the Rolls Othice, Dublin. 

“ Surrendred.—* Many were amazed to 
see upon what easie terms they parted 
with their last important town, a place of 
ureat streneth, and had they been re- 
This 


writer, if any thing related by him = can 


sulute, invincible." —Borluce, 301. 


be believed, adds.that it was surrendered 
“without so much as consulting the Lord 
Deputy, or asking his leave, though he 
was within less than half day's journey.” 
Our author above contradicts this states 
ment: but that there were traitors within 
the walls, appears trom a state letter 
Which will be found in the Additional 
Notes hereto, 

4 Bay.—This bay is remarkable for one 
of the most considerable fishing colonies 
in Ireland, whose Village, the Claddagh, is 
situate near the town, on the west bank 


ot the river. The Spot is supposed, with 


Lough 


every probability, to have been occupied as 
a fishing station, since the first peopling 
of this island. That it was so in the f7/th 
century of Christianity, appears from the 
life of St, Endeus, compiled from ancient 
authorities, by A. Mac Raiden, about A. D. 
1300, and published by Colgan in A. D. 
1645. See Acta S.S. p. 709, s. Xxiv. 
* Post have venit S. Endeus in terram, que 
Medraighe dicitur.” This place is now 
called Madree, It is a peninsula running 
about five miles in a direct line into the 
bay of Galway, to the south of the town: 
s. xxv. Veniens post hae S. Endeus ad 
mare, Vvidens thí graenforea, quasivit: ab 
els prose et suis, Pisces, Qui respondentes 
dixerunt ; pisees ad nos a mari de Arann 
venerunt, et tibnconecdimus illos prope 
alrann capere, ef habere, ef tu nos hie 
permitte maris nostri habere pisces, Au- 
diens hoe responsum malorum, unus puer 
metus spiritú Dei, dixit; unum habeo 
piscem, quem mihi Deus ministravit, et 
tibh eum coneedo. 2... . Exiens inde 
S. Pater Endeus, pervenit ad porta, qué 
dariqit ad sain nomine Orbeen, et ro- 


43 


Lough Lurgan; and Lough Lurgan was counted one of the three 
most ancient lakes of Ireland. Lough-fordremon in Kerry, and Lough 
Kera in Mayo County, being the two other. It is seaven leagues from 
Galway to the Iles of Aran, westward, and a league eastward on 
the south side of Galway. It divides the county of Clare on the 
south, from Moycullin Barony on the north of it, three leagues 
asunder. In this haven, Lugad Mac-con, with a fleet of forreigners, 
arrived, Anno D. 250; and became King of Ireland, by killing of 
Art, King of Ireland in battle’, about Athenry, eight miles from 
Galway. 

Eastward from the Iles of Aran to Slimhead, are seaven leagues 
of sea on the south side of the barony of Balinahinsy, and on the 
north side of Kerry, and the bay of Lymerick in a spacious distance. 
On all this western coast from Galway to Slimhead, the 4th of Febr. 
1683, upon breaking of the long continued frosty weather, the night 
before being Sunday, there was such a deale of eels, congers, and 

gurnards, 


ne. For an account of this famous 
battle, see our author’s Oyygia, p. 327. 
The plain on which it was fought, and on 
which as on Aghrim, a kingdom was lost 


and won, is well known. Even the par- 


gavit Deum, ut propter merita istius pu- 
eri 404 nati, qui piscem sibi dederat, copia 
piscium ibi esset.” The harbour which 
directs to the lake named Orbsen, accu- 
rately points out the site of the Claddagh 


fishing village, where the boy who gave 
his fish to Endeus, was born,—vbz nati. 
This is the oldest known reference to it 
extant. The language, and most probably 
the manners, of this singular colony, have 
undergone no change since the days of St. 
Endeus, now nearly 1400 years ago. 

For “ Lough Lurgan” and the “ county 
of Clare” mentioned above, see the Addi- 
tional Notes hereto. 

e Batile—The battle of Magh Mucru- 


ticular place where Art was killed, be- 
tween the castles of Moyveola and Kilcor- 
nan, is still pointed out by the same name, 
Turloch Airt, as in the days of our author. 
It would be creditable to the proprietor 
of the soil here, whoever he may be, to 
mark this classic spot with a suitable mo- 
nument. It might, moreover, afford a few 
days’ employment and food to some of the 
starving inhabitants of the neighbour- 
hood. 


G 2 


44 


yurnards, some quick, some dead, cast ashore every where for seve- 
ral] days, so as the like was not seen in the memory of any man 
before; yet the sea was not frose. The ocean towards the west hath 
no Jimits nearer than America. 

From Slimehead seven leagues to Bofin', northward; and thence 
to Koelshaly Roe, the western ocean flows between the Owles in the 
county of Mayo, and the north side of the barony of Ballynahinsy. 
Fill moon at four o'clock thirty minutes, causes high water in all 


these western cousts. 
whenee now to the continent. 


So much of the borders of West Connaught, 


The half barony of Rosse®, commonly called Joyce Countrey from 


f Phofin.  Borlahaly-roe. ~The Owlea.— 
Hefin sdand wall be found noticed further 
on, Koelahaly roe, in Irish, Caol pate 
pedo, means the narrow reddish brine ; 
hut nowcorruptly pronounced Caol pane 
bui, which has no meaning. ‘This was 
occamoned by substituting the letter p for 
Van the word pene ; and from the Trish 
inal pronuneimtion, the place has been 
ealled in English then Killary. ‘This is 
a well known atrait, or indet of the ocean, 
much celebrated by modern tourists which 
divides the barony of Ballinatineh, or Co- 
noma, in the county of Galway, from the 
lmrony of Muttick, in the county of Mayo. 
It in again alluded to towards the end of 
thor trent, ‘The Owles are the present 
Iotomie oof Miurnisk and = Borrishoole, in 
the county of Muyo. 9 They are again 
mentioned further on, in our author's de- 
sen apet eons of thre: barony of Ballinahieh. 

© floaae. 


Ror, translated promeontorium by Colgan, 


doyre Con ntrey. — Nhoyea. — 


a Welsh 
Acta SS. p. 603, n. 11; and nemus by 
O'Sullevan, Hist. Cathol. fol. 188. The 
former meaning it generally bears in the 
north, and the latter in the south of Ire- 
My learned friend Mr. O'Donovan 
informs me, that in a note from Ware's 
MSS. in Nomenclat. Hib. MS. by Arch- 
dall, it is translated Josevs, as Ror oa lon, 
i. © nemus duarum merularum ; and that 
in Cormac’s Glossary it is interpreted 
piobuioe, a wood. It enters largely into 
the names of places in Ireland. Our ba- 
rony was named from the old castle of Ross, 
which was itself so called from the land 
on which it stood, on the western banks of 
Lough Measg. It was originally a barony, 
but before our author’s time was reduced to 
nhalf barony. See Appendix L A docu- 
ment entitled the “ Division of Connaught,” 
dated A. D. 1586, preserved in the Cotton 
Lib., British Museum, places the barony of 
Rae in the county of Mayo. and states it to 
contain “the Joyes, Walshes and Partrish 


land. 


45 


a Welsh family of Yoes, Joas, or Shoyes, which held that land from 
the O’Flaherties (formerly part of Partry-an-tslevy", which extended 
from St. Patrick’s Hill in the Owles, to Lough Orbsen), hath the 
barony of Balynahinsy, Koelshaly Roe, and the Owles on the west of 
it, and by a high ridge of mountaines called Formna-mor, is divided 
on the north from the same Owles. From that mountain, Bruin 
River, falling into Lough Measg, separates Partry mountain in the 
barony of Kera, from Kilbridy' townland, the north side of Lough 


(Partry) lands, xii myles long and viii 
broad. Mc. Thomas and MF. Tybod chief 
in the same ;” and it then enumerates the 
following ‘‘Gent. and their castles, viz., 
Mac Thomas, Castlekirke; Murrogh ne 
dow, Ballynonagh ; Mc. Envile, Ballene- 
sleo; Abbé Mc. Envile, Cloynlaghell ; 
Richard ME. Moyler Joy, Castlenew.”— 
Titus, B. xiii. fo. 399. See the Additional 
Notes for further particulars of Joyce 
Country and the Shoyes. 

Partry -an-tslevy.— Paprpaige an 
c-pleibe, Partrigia de monte. See Harris’s 
Ware, vol. ii. p. 53. In this district of 
Partry of the mountain, the Joyces settled 
under the O’Flaherties in the thirteenth 
century ; and here, as we are told in the In- 
denture of Composition, A. D. 1585, the 
O’Flaherties, at some former time, got 
“ eighteen quarters of land in Ballynenagh 
(Baile Inneonagh), from some of the Boorks, 
as is said, for an Hricke.”_-See Appendix. 
Before the O’F laherties, or their tributa- 
ries the Joyces, settled here, O’Cavain, 
O’Kyne; O’Oopéunve, anglicized Dorcey 
and Darcey ; and O’Gopmog, O’Gormog, 


Measg, 


were the ancient chiefs of Partry of the 
Mountain. St. Patrick's Hill_A remark- 
able conical mountain (within view of 
which this is written) in the barony of 
Murrisk and county of Mayo; called in 
Irish Cnuac Phdonaie, i.e. the “ rick” 
(here pronounced reek) or “stack” of Pa- 
trick ; and Cnuacan mg, translated by 
Colgan in Trias Thaum. p. 138, col. 1, 
“ Mons Aquile,” Mounteagle. 

i Kilbridy.— Kilbride, so called from 
the chapel of St. Bridget, mentioned im- 
mediately after. By letters patent of King 
James L, dated 3oth May, A. D. 1619, 
Rot. Pat. an. 16°. pars 2, numerous lands 
in this half barony of Ross, were granted 
to Edward Grana Joyce, of Kilbride, 
Gent., and to several others of the clan. 
This grant, although many other per- 
sons were included in it, may yet be con- 
sidered the great charter of the Joyces, 
after the Indenture of Composition, A. D. 
1585, contained in the Appendix I. Of the 
other places mentioned in the above para- 
graph, the parish of Balynchala, is now 
called Ballinacalla, or Ballincholla, baile 


46 


Measg, in the half barony of Rosse, and yet belonging to the parish 
of Balynchala on the south side. In Kilbridy there is a chappell 
and well dedicated to St. Bridget. There is on the south of it an 
arm of Lough Measg, which shoots into the countrey westward 
about four miles to Glenntre[s]ky. On the west of Kilbridy townland 
is Lough-na-fohy Lake, out of which the river of Gairge comes into 
that arme of Lough Measg. 

Within that arm of Lough Measg is the Earl’s Island’, where 
Edmond Burk‘, second son of Richard the Red Earl of Ulster, Anno 
1). 1338, was put to death; which should be therefore rather called 


an Chala, the townland of the Callow, 
anciently Cula Coca Mearga. The cha- 
pel dedicated to St. Bridget is now in 
It gave name to the townland of 
The well, 
called Cpo bmigoe, is near it; and also 
another “holy” well called Cobap Mhuipe. 
Glenntresky, Bleann Tpeipge, is named 


ruins. 
Kilbride, on which it stands. 


Glantrague in Larkin’s map of the county 
of Galway. Lough na fohy, Coc na Feo- 
tad, is now called Lough na feoy, and is 
Gaire, inse; 
river is now called the Finney, 


1 The Earls Ieland.—lt is still known 


hy the same name, Oileán an lanla. It 


in the parish of Ross. 


lies in that arm of Lough Mask which 
runs up to Toorluggach, in the parish of 
Ross, 

k Edmond Burk.—i. e. De Burgo, De 
Burgh, Bourke, Burke, but seldom Burk, 
The Earl of 


Clanriearde, in the " Pedigree of De 


as written by our author. 


Burgh” before referred to, p. 39, note’, 
has omitted the above historical fact of 


the 


the murder of this unfortunate nobleman. 
In Lodge’s Peerage of Ireland, the man- 
ner in which it was perpetrated is told 
correctly enough ; but, as often occurs in 
that work, an error is committed by stat- 
ing, that “the stone was fixed about his 
neck by his kinsman, Edward Buourk Mac 
By this 
* kinsman” was probably meant Sir Ed- 
mond Albanach, for whom see p. 39, note * ; 


William.’—See vol. i. P: 121. 


but that Ae did not immediately per- 
petrate the deed, appears from the above 
narrative, which carries with it all the 
marks of truth. I tind no trace on record 
ofany commission appointing this Edmond 
Burke, conjointly with the Archbishop of 
Tuam, to the government of Connaught, 
as mentioned by our author; but many 
of our records have been lost since their 
tune. For further particulars of him, 
and his father, the Red Earl, and also of 
the family of Nolan, for many years lo- 
cated at Balinrobe mentioned above, see 
the Additional Notes. 


47 


the Earl’s Son’s Island. But the male line of that house being, all 
to him, extinct, most likely he was reputed and commonly called 
Earl of Ulster; there being but one girle, then about seven years 
old, his nephew William, Earl of Ulster’s daughter, after Dutchess 
of Clarence, apparent heir generall. During whose nonage, Edmond 
was joyned in commission with Malachias, Arch-Bishoppe of Tuam, 
for the government of Connaught; until he was seized upon by Sir 
William Bourk, aforementioned, his sons, on Low Sunday, the 19th 
of Aprill, in the Fryer’s house of Balinrobe ; Roger de Flet, Senes- 
chall of Connaught, and Nicholas Lienot', and other nobles of his 
company, being killed on the place. He was that night carried to 
Lough Measg Castle, the next night to Ballyndeonagh™ Castle, and 
the third night to that island on Lough Measg; whither the Arch- 
Bishope of Tuam came to bring him and his kinsmen to a reconcili- 
ation: and as they were on points of agreements, the villains who 
had the custody of his body, a certain family of the Stantons’, dis- 

pairing 


! Lienot.—Mac Firbis, in his account of 
the Welsh tribes contained in the Book of 
Hy Fiachrach, states that the Lienots, or 
Lynotts, a family long settled in Tirawly 
in Mayo, came to Ireland with the de- 
scendants or followers of the Red Earl of 
Ulster: ‘‘Ciondioig vo ceace 1 n-Cninn 
le plioce an Janla putas.” That part of 
the book alluded to concludes with the 
narrative of a barbarous occurrence which 
took place between the Barretts of Ti- 
rawly and those Lynotts, which strongly 
marks the ferocity of these Welsh adven- 
turers, as well as the uncivilized state of 
the times. For barbarity similar to that 
there recorded, see Wynne’s History of 


Wales, book vi. 

™ Ballyndeonagh.—Called Ballynonagh 
in the document of A. D. 1586, before 
quoted, p. 44, note. This castle still 
retains its ancient name. It stands, in 
ruins, on the townland of Cappagh na 
gapple, alias Petersburgh, near the de- 
mesne of Ross. 

" The Stantons.— Among the “ Englyshe 
greate rebelles of Connaught,” A.D. 1515, 
were ‘“‘Syr Myles Stauntons sonnes,” i. e. 
his descendants.—State Papers, vol. ii. part 
iii., p. 26. A branch of this family of Staun- 
ton, in Irish Stondun, settled in Mayo 
County, under the “: Red Ear];” chiefly in 
the territory afterwards called the barony 


48 


pairing their own safety if he were set at liberty, miserably turned him 
into a bag, and cast him out of the island into the lake, with stones 
tyed to the bag; for which fact they were called Clan Ulcin ever since. 
Hence followed great combustions and wars’ in Connaught after. 
Of this Edmond and his wife Slany, daughter of Tordellvac O'Bryan, 
L. of Tuomond, lineally descended the lords of Castleconnell and 
Bretas, with the rest of the county of Limerick Burks. 

From that arm of Lough Measg, towards Cong? and Lough Orb- 
sen, for three miles in length, and three half miles breadth, there is 


of Crossbohine, or Clanmorris. After the 
murder of Edmond Burke, most of them 
changed their name to M‘Evilly, Mac a 
mhil, the son of the knight. In A.D. 
1585,“ Myly M'. Evily of Kinturk, other- 
wise MM“. Evilly,” was ‘‘chief of his name.” 
See the Mayo Indenture of Composition, 
in Appendix, p. 331. Several of the M‘Evil- 
lys are now beginning to re-assume the 
original name. ‘There are at present in 
Mayo several families of the name of 
Culkin, who may be descended from 
the Clan Ulcin branch of the Stauntons 
mentioned above; but this is mere conjec- 
ture. 

Ó Combustions and ara. —See the Annals 
of the Four Masters, at A. D. 1338. The 
Annals of Clonmacnoise, as translated by 
Conly Mac Geoghegan, give the following 
account of these “combustions and wars:” 
Edmond, the earle of Ulster’s son, was 
taken by the other Edmond Burke, and did 
putt a stone about his neck, and afterwards 
did throw him into the poole of Lough- 
measka; whereof ensued the confusion and 


good 


destruction of the English of Connought, 
and of their own family of Burk’s: which 
did enable Terlogh O’Connor to take 
the power and superiority of Connought, 
and banished Edmond M‘. William Burk 
from out of all Connought, destroyed the 
spiritual] and temporall lands of all the 
West parts of Connought. Edmond Burke 
assembled a fleet of shipps, barkes and 
boats; betook himself with them to the 
islands of the seas, a long time, in exile.” 
This last passage explains a subsequent one 
in the Additional Notes, which states, that 
this Edmond was twenty-two years in 
Scotland; whence he was called Aanack, 
ur the Scot. 

P Cong.—See p. 7, note®. And for 
further historical notices of this ancient 
place, see the Annals of the Four Masters 
at the years 1114, 27, 28, 37, 50, 68; 1201, 
23,25, 26,45, 47; 1540, 98. Puococke, the 
traveller, has stated, that the seat of Mr. 
Macnamara, near Cong, was the most de- 
lightfully situated place he saw in the 
course of his extensive travels. 


49 


good arable land; in which line, on the west bank of Lough Measg, 
lies Ballyndeonagh Castle and Rosse, whence the half barony is 
named ; and where the parish church‘ of Ross parish stands, whereof 
St. Brendan’ is patron, whose feast is the 16th day of May. Ross 
parish reaches from the west side of Lough Measg, and by the fore- 
said arm thereof, to the western borders of the half barony; but 
between it and Lough Orbsen part of the parish of Cong runs’, from 
the river of Cong on the east of it, Lough Orbsen and Moy-Cullin 
barony on the south, to Imaire-an-Linain’, as far on the west as the 
parish of Ross goes. 

This river of Cong is the confluent of divers waters, which 
springing under ground from the south side of Lough Measg, are 
divided into two rivers which enter into the earth again, till they 
breake out in one, near the castle and abbey of Cong; and about a 
quarter of a mile thence, in a deep, narrow, and smooth streame’, 
exonerates itself into Lough Orbsen, having the barony of Kil- 
main in the isthmus between it and Lough Measg, and on the 
east of it, and that part of Cong parish in the half barony of Ross 
on the west. It affords good store of salmon, trouts, and eels. 

From 


3 Parish church.—The west gable and description here, to add, that the portion 
part of the north and south walls of this of the parish of Cong which lies in the 
church are ancient; the remainder of the county of Galway, extends along the north 


building is modern. side of Lough Corrib, from the river of 
® St. Brendan.— According to the Four Cong to the head of the lake. 
Masters, St. Brendan died on 16th May, t Imatre-an-Linain.—lomame an Cf- 


A.D.576. With them the Annals of Ulster ondn, i.e. the ridge of Leenane, the boun- - 
agree ; cide Doctor O’Conor’s Edition, Jn dary of Joyce country. See this place 
Scriptor. Rerum Hib. tom. iii. p. 171. described further on by our author. 


Tigernagh correctly states it at A. D. 577. u Streame.—On the shore, east of where 
Id. tom. ii. p. 153, where see also Doctor this stream flows into the lake, the writer 
O’Conor’s note thereon (77). found Iceland, or double refracting spar, 


$ Runs.—It may assist our authors in great quantity. 
IRISH ARCH. 800. I5. H 


50 


From hence an eele" carryed a purse of 13° 4% sterling, and a knife, 
for about sixteen miles through Lough Orbsen, till it was catched on 
the river of Galway; which thus happened. One William M°.Ghoill, 
a fisherman at Cong, lighted on a good eele; and being busie about 
catching more, thrust his girdle through its guill, which had the 
purse and knife on it: the eele by chance slides into the river with 


the purse and knife. 


Six miles from the river of Cong westward, the river of Du- 
waghta” enters into Lough Orbsen ; and five miles from thence to 


v Kele.—This story of theeel, knife, and 
purse, though it occurred nearly two cen- 
turies ago, is still told by old people in 
the vicinity of Lough Corrib. 

© Durnaghta.— Belanambreac. — Bonbo- 
nan.—Linan Kinmara. — Dubacta, now 
called Doughty. This river is inthe parish 
of Cong. Belanambreac river. Ir. beal aca 
Enghished Bellanabrack, 


falls into Lough Corrib at Bonbonnain, 


na m-bpneac, 


opposite Cauplean na Cipce, or the Hen’s 
Castle, having previously received the 
tribute of two other streams mentioned a 
little further on by our author, one of 
whieh he calls Fadnur. Bonbonan, Don- 
bonnán, or perhaps Gocdn, ‘There is a 
neluhbourmng mountain of the name, bor- 
Linuin Kin 
mara, Gfondn Cimn mapa, signifies the 


dering the lake on the west. 


head of the sea, or the extreme point to 
See the Annals of 
the Four Masters, at A.D. 1235, for an 
Interesting account of the hostilities car- 


Which the tide reaches. 


ried on in that year, in the west of Ireland. 
The occurrence above alluded to is thus 


Belanambreac 


related: “Caimc van Coo ta Flare- 
beapemng agup Cogan ba h-Goin pluag 
mop ele cimceall, asur upeparge leo, 
ap na ecuppaing co Uondn ¢cino mana,” 
7c. “Hugh O'Flaherty and Owen O'lleyne 
also came round with a great body of 
forces ; and they carried boats with them 
That is, they 
carried them from Bonbonan, the mouth 
of Belanabrack river, near the Hen’s Castle, 
The narrative then 


to Lionan Cinn Mhara.” 


forabout seven miles. 
goes on to state, that these boats went 
round (by the Killary) to Cuan Madha, 
Clew Bay ; and that, with their aid, the 
English were enabled to commit incre 
dible slaughter and devastation through- 
It would 
be ditheult to adduce from history a more 
signal act of treachery, than that of the 


out the numerous Islands there. 


above pair of renezades, O'Flaherty and 
O'Heyne. The former died within the en- 
suing year: and O'Hcyne’s territory was 
soon after seized and his people reduced, by 
the English, whom he assisted on that oe- 


The Annals add, that U Malley 


casion, 


51 


Belanambreac river, which falls into Bonbonan, the furthest end of 


the lake. 


Imair-an-Linain, antiently Linan Kinmara, is a long green spot of 
land by the sea of Coelshaly Ro, whither the boats of Lough Orbsen 
were drawn by the forces of West Connaught and Hyfiaghry 
Aidhne", from Bonbonann to the sea, for five miles, Anno 1235, to 
invade the sea islands there, upon an expedition into the Owles, of 
Morice Fitz Gerald’, Lord Justice of Ireland, Richard de Burgo, 


of Umhall, the prince of the “ Owles,” 
stood neuter with his flect. Thus the 
Irish helped to subdue one another. 

x Hyfiaghry Aidhne.—Uh) Fiacpacé Ctó- 
ne. This was the lordship of O’Heyne. 
It now constitutes part of the present 
barony of Killartan, or, as formerly called, 
Kiltarragh, in the county of Galway, and 
was comprehended within the diocese of 
Kilmacduagh. After the De Burgos sub- 
dued the natives, it became part of their 
extensive territory of Clanrickard. See 
the Indenture of Composition of that ter- 
ritory, A. D. 1585, in Appendix L 

Y Maurice Fitz Gerald.— Walter Riddles- 
ford.— However lauded this Lord Justice 
Fitzgerald has been by Anglo-Norman 
writers and heralds, as ‘‘ a valiant knight, 
a very pleasant man, inferior to none in 
the kingdom; having lived all his life 
with commendation,”—Lodge, i. 60, Irish 
writers paint him in very different colours, 
see the Annals of the Four Masters, A.D. 
1236, and Mac Geoghegan’s translation of 
the Annals of Clonmacnoise, at the same 
year: “The said deputy had a meeting 


Lord 


with Felym O'Connor, at Moynemoyne, 
and being there mett, the deputie, with all 
his forces of horse and foot, rushed on 
Felym to kill him and his people, which 
Felym seeing, betook himself to the swift- 
ness of his feet, and so held on untill he 
came to Seysie.” This attempt at assassi- 
nation, and that too against his gossip (for 
such a degree of relationship appears to have 
subsisted between him and Felim), was not 
a very “valiant” act. But he was more 
successful at Bealascanny (Ballyshannon), 
in A.D. 1247.—Id. To such a congenial 
spirit, the treachery of O’Flaherty and 
O’Heyne, before related, must have been 
acceptable. The ancient Roll of Patents 
called “ Antiquissime,” preserved in the 
Rolls’ Office, Dublin, contains two grants 
of considerable possessions to Walter de Ri- 
delesford ; one from Earl Richard (Strong- 
bow), “ Vices Regis Anglie in Hibernia 
agens;” and the other from John Earl of 
Morton.—Calendar. Rot. Pat. p.4, No. 52, 
53- The above was a family expedition. 
Hugh de Lacy was married to the daughter 
of Walter Riddlesford ; and Walter, the 


Ha: 


52 


Lord of Connaught, Hugh de Lacy, Earl of Ulster, the Lord Walter 
Riddlesford, with the English forces of Leinster, and the Lord John 
Cogan, with the English forces of Munster, in pursuit of a party of the 
Q’Connors, belonging to Fedlim O'Connor, King of Connaught. 

The barony of Moycullin*?, commonly known in Irish by the 
names of Gnomore on the North, Gnobeg on the South, is separated 
on the north from Joyce Countrey by a ridge of mountains and 
Lough Orbsen: on the east it lyes by Lough Orbsen and the river 
of Galway, on the south by the bay of Galway, and hath Balynahinsy 
barony on the west. 

On the north side of the river of Failmir, and another river, they 
both meet im one channell before they come into Lough Orbsen ; 
and have two different kindes of trouts, which come from the lake to 
the common channell; and they are seen to separate" one from 
another as they goe on their distinct rivers, so as the kind of the one 
is never found on the other. 

The river of Fuogh falls from the mountaines through steep rocks, 


till 


seven Dealbhnas, or territorial divisions, 
of which there were five in Connaught.— 
See Doctor O'Brien's Irish Dictionary, un 
roce Dealbhna. It was also called De- 
albhna Tire da loch, Dealbhna, or Del- 


son of Richard de Burgeo, was married. to 
the daughter and heiress of Hugh de 
Lacy, in whose right, on the death of her 
father, A.D. 1243, de Burgo became Earl 
of Ulster. — f,wiae. 1. 120. 


* Moyeullin.— This name some have sup- 
posed to be derived from Maz Cuillinn, 
as it is now pronounced which means the 
field or plain of the holly; but our author 
has elsewhere given its true derivation, 
viz, Max Uillinn, the field of Ullinn, one 
ot the ancient Tuatha de Danann colony. 
See furtherou in this treatise, p.$ 8, and also 
his Ogygia, p.180. “This was the ancient 
territory of Deallhna Feadha, one of the 


vin of the land between the two lakes, viz., 
Lough Orbsen, or Corrib, on the north, 
and Lough Lurgan, or the bay of Galway, 
on the south.—Harrias Ware, it. 49. For 
more of Moyeullen. and of Gnomore and 
Gnobeg, see the Additional Notes hereto. 

* Separate, — This separation was for- 
merly believed, but the * fishers of the 
lake” now question its veracity. 


53 


till it passes by the castle of Fuogh” to Lough Orbsen eastward. It 
was commonly called Owan Roimhe, or Brimstone River. The oc- 
casion of the name was but lately discovered by an extraordinary 
drought of weather, An. 1666 and 1667, wherein there was brim- 
stone found on the dry stones about the bridge of Fuogh. On this 
river is salmon fishing; and muscles are found that breede pearles*. 
On the north side of the river, not far from the bridge, westward, 
was discovered by revelation, about the year 1654, a well* in honour 
of St. Michael, archangel. From this river to Galway, above twelve 
miles”, there is indifferent good arable land by the lake and river of 
Galway, on the east of it, and the mountaines on the west, be- 
tween it and another tract of land by the sea-side. Near Fuogh is 
the parish church of Kilcumin, and St. Cumin’s well‘, where he is 


® The river—and castle of Fuogh.—Fua- 
taio. This river flows through Ough- 
terard, a small town about fourteen miles 
north-west of Galway, much celebrated 
by tourists. Mr. Inglis, in his journey 
through Ireland, A. D. 1834, state,s that 
“this straggling little village” has ““ one of 
the prettiest and most limpid streams in 
the world dancing through it.” This is 
the river of Fuagh; or, as it is sometimes 
called, Owin Riff, in Irish bain Rob, 
or the sulphur river. Whenever the 
river runs shallow, sulphur is found on 
the stones in its channel. The castle is 
called Nowghe in the document of A. D. 
1586, mentioned in note 8, p. 44. It stood 
on a natural bridge in the townland of 
Fuogh ; but was pulled down some years 
since to build the barrack of Oughterard. 

° Pearles—They arestil] found here, and 


worshiped 


often of a largesize. For an accountof Irish 
pearls sce Harris's Ware, vol.ii.p.172; and 
some curious papers in Trin. Coll. MS. Lib. 
I. 1, 3. 

a Well.—This well is still shewn. 

© Twelve miles.—It is reputed to be 
fourteen Irish miles; but as before ob- 
served, p. 6, note“, our author laid down 
his distances by the long Connaught miles. 

£ Parish church. —St. Cumin’s well. — 
This parish is bounded on the north by 
Joyce Country; on the east by Lough 
Corrib, many of whose islands it embraces , 
on the south by the parish of Killanin; 
and on the west by the parish of Moy- 
rus, in Conamara. The church is called 
in Irish Cill Chuimm, the church of St. 
Cuimin, who, according to tradition, was 
the original founder of the parish. No 
part of the primitive church remains. 


54 


worshiped, as patron of the parish, [on the 14th] of October. Not 
far from thence is the castle and inannour of Aghnenure®, where the 
salmon comes under the castle, on a river not far from the west side 
of Lough Orbsen. 

The next parish of Gnomore is Kilanhin parish; but Kilanhin* 
parish church is in Gnobeg, where the memory of St. Anhin,V., is 
celebrated the 18th of January; and where her well is frequented on 
the north-east brink of Lough Lonan'. This lake lies between 
Gnomore and Gnobeg, on an island wherof is the castle of Ohery; 
and where there is no recourse of water from it but under ground. 


Gnobeg containes the parishes of Moycullin and Rahun!: the 


The present building, which occupies its 
site, is comparatively modern. It is situ- 
ate about a mile cast of Oughterard. The 
well, cobup Chuimin, is near it, and is 
held in great veneration. The people, 
when passing it, take off their hats, and 
bow respectfully in memory of the holy 
man whose name it bears, and whose me- 
mory is " worshipped,” 1. e. celebrated 
here. See p- 23, note F, 

® Aghnenure.—lrish, Acad na n-libap, 
the field of the yews. One only of these 
ancient yews now remains, Tt is growing 
west of the castle, and is supposed to have 
seen at least a thousand years, but it is 
at present evidently decaying. The castle, 
of which a considerable part remains, 1s 
situate near the brink of Lough Corrib, 
about two miles east of Oughterard. For 
an interesting description of it, by that 
exellent antiquary, who has done so much 
fur our national literature, George Petrie, 
Easy, sce the Irish Penny Journal, 4to. 


three 


Dub. 1841, p. 1. 

» Kidanhin.—Cill GAinemn, the church 
of St. Anhin. Her well, Cobap Gineéinn, 
is near it, aud appears marked on Larkin’s 
large map. IT have not met with any his- 
torical account of this saint. What is given 
above is probably trom ancient tradition. 

i Lough Lonan.—Castle of Ohery.—The 
name Lonan is not known at present. The 
lough is now called the lake of Rosa. The 
castle of Ohery stood on an island in 
In A.D. 1585, it be 
longed to Jonick O° Halorane.—A ppen- 
dix L In the same year, * Teige M:-Fyn- 


Lough = Lonan. 


nine O'Halloran of Ohayry, aged seventy 
years, deposed that he was driven out of 
his castles und lands by his kinsman 
Moroghe ne doo (O'Flaherty), since which 
time he dwelt in Clanricard."—Orig, Re- 
cord, Rolly Othee. Ohery is now reduced 
to a small portion of ruins, 

j Partahea of Mouenllin and Rakun.— 
This parish of Moycullin extends in length 


55 


three first parishes ly in length from Lough Orbsen to the bay of 
Galway, and Rahun from the river of Galway to the same bay. The 
castle and mannour of Moycullin*, whence the barony and parish of 
Moycullin are named, hath Lough Lonon on the west; Tolokian’, 
two castles next adjacent, on the north; and Lough Orbsen on the 
east. The parish church theron, its chief feast of late is the Im- 
maculate Conception of our Blessed Lady, on the 8th of December, 
as patroness. What antient patron it had is not known. Here 
Uillinn, grandchild of Nuad Silver-hand, king of Ireland, 1200 years 
before Christ's birth, overthrew in battle, and had the killing of 
Orbsen Mac Alloid, commonly called Mananan Mac Lir, Mananan 
the Mankish man, Mac Lir son of the Sea, for his skill in seafaring. 
From Ullin Moycullin is named; to wit, Magh-Ullin, the field of 
Ullin™: and from Orbsen, Lough Orbsen, or the Lake of Orbsen. 
Six miles from a great stone in that field (erected, perhaps, in me- 
mory of the same battle) to the town of Galway. 

The 


from Lough Corrib to the bay of Galway, 
by which bay and the parish of Rahun it 
is bounded on the south; on the west by 


“ natal soil and patrimony through a long 
line of ancestors.” The manor, with 500 
acres in demesne, was created by a grant 


the parish of Killannin; and on the north 
and north-east by the same parish and 
Lough Corrib, and the parish of Rahun. 
See this latter parish described further on. 

k Castle and mannour of Moycullin.— 
The record quoted p. 44, note $, states, 
that this castle in A. D. 1586, belonged 
to “ Rory O’Flahertie,” grandfather of our 
author, who was himself called Rory Oge 
of Moycullin. See Mac Firbis, in his ge- 
nealogical abstracts, drawn up A. D. 1666; 
and our author’s Ogygia, p. 180, where he 
feelingly describes the loss of this his 


of James I. to Hugh O’Flaherty, our 
author’s father, on 25th Jan. 1618.— Rot. 
Pat. 15°. 

1 Tolokian.—Culdécaodam. These two 
castles stood on the brink of Lough Cor- 
rib, in the townland of the same name. 
They were called the castles of the two 
sisters, of whom some romantic tales of 
former days are still current. One of 
these old castles was blown down by the 
great storm of January, 1839. 

™ Ullin._See p, 52, note *, also Ogyg. 
pp. 174, 179, for further notices of the 


uin. 
-- 
- 


vz the most part. within the west 
uch liberties extend four miles 
~ iv the sea side from the town. The 
Ma. tor patron St. James the Great, 
wo MaTish is a chappell of St. James, 
neo the town, which was wont to be 


» oxearly, by the people of Galway. 


" s de of the barony. by the bay of 

ecshes, and separated from Lough 

varge space of mountain land, is 

ood 

. ossaatly resolves: the word Madaguscar 

I ACTV good Irish. would not hesitate, on 

J adove authority. to useribe Rathiun to 

osteftain (a. The pertion of this pa- 

ca of Rohon (itis now generally written 

x . »), lying within Lilsert ies, Is bounded 

2s by the parishes of Moveullen and 

Soscmore; enst by the latter and the }a- 

~ of St. Nicholas : south hy the hay: 

west by the parish of Moveullen, and 

neart of Rahoon lying within the ba- 
\ of Moveullin. 

“ reb.. —Chayyul —AÁ small portion 

ne wall of this church, but nearly 

with the ground. wins still be traced 


a. 


ew onthe cemetery ut laláeen, about a 


west of Galw uv. Near itis St 
so. tewell: butine patron” has been ce 
stad there for WAY Veays, The chapel 
- James at Newessthe sa much Te 


a ta for devetion ain) former days, 
wow converted: inteca stall for fecding 


= 


val Liv’. 


57 


good -pasture for cattell; but so craggy and full of stones”, and so 
destitute of deep mold, that in very few spots of it a plow can 
goe: yet the tenants, by digging, manure it so well, that they have 


corn for themselves, their landlords, and the market. 
garden with more paines tilled for black seeds. 


P Full of stones.—Mr. Molyneux, in his 
Journey to Connaught, in April, 1709, pre- 
served among the MSS. of Trin. Coll. Li- 
brary, Dublin, I. 4, 13, and I. 1, 38, writes of 
this district : ‘I neversaw sostrangely stony 
and wild a country. I did not see all this 
way three living creatures, not one houseor 
ditch, not one bit of corn, zor, I may say, one 
bit of land, for stones, in short nothing ap- 
peared but stones and sea. Nor could I 
conceive an inhabited country so destitute 
of all signs of people... ... | Having got 
back through the barbarous country to 
Galway, I dined with the officers. This 
ts the best town I have seen in Ireland. The 
inhabitants are mostly Roman Catholics, 
and the trade wholly in their hands, and 
indeed in all Connaught, as you go far- 
ther from Dublin, you may see the re- 
mains of Popery, less and less extinct 
than in the other parts of Ireland.” Ano- 
ther traveller, Mr. Bush, who wrote more 
than half a century after Molyneux, says: 
s If in any part of the kingdom there are 
any wild Irish to be found, it is in the west- 
ern parts of this province [i. e. Connaught], 
for they have the least sense of law and go- 
vernment of any people in Ireland, I believe, 
except that of their haughty and tyrannic 
landlords, who, in a literal sense, indeed, 

IRISH ARCH. SOC. Is. 


Never was 
They carry on 
horses, 


are absolute sovereigns over their respec- 
tive towns and clans, which the western 
part of this province may not improperly 
be said to be divided into. Their impe- 
rious and oppressive measures, indeed, 
have almost depopulated this province of 
Ireland. The will and pleasure of these 
chiefs is absolute law to the poor inha- 
bitants that are connected with them, 
and under whom the miserable wretches 
live in the vilest and most abject state of 
dependance.”—p. 35. ““ What with the se- 
vere exactions of rent, even before the corn 
is housed, a practice that too much prevails 
among the petty and despicable landlords, 
ee of the parish priest, for tythes, 
who not content with the tythe of grain, 
even the very tenth, of half a dozen or half 
a score perches of potatoes,..... is ex- 
acted by the rapacious, insatiable priest. I 
am sorry to tell you the truth, that too 
many of them are English parsons. For 
the love of God and charity, send no more 
of this sort over, for here they become a 
scandal to their country and to humanity. 
Add to these, the exactions of, if possible, 
the still more absolute Catholic priest, who 
although he preaches charity by the hour 
on Sunday, comes armed with all the terrors 
of damnation, and demands his full quota 


58 


horses, out of the shore, all the seaweeds cast in daily, as long as they 
ean get it, from Michaelmas till sowing time past: and sometimes 
on spring tide low waters, they goe as far down as they can, man, 
woman and child, and cut the sea weed with knives, to have it cast 
up again by the sea. With this they muck the land, and dig up daily, 
earth to cover it, out. of watery furrows which serve for conveying 
away the water from the ridges. This mucking and digging keeps 
them inaction till March, before which they sow not a grain of corn’. 
In sowing, they give so small a measure of seed as can be immagined, 


of unremitted offerings.?—Hibernia Curt- 
ona, Dub, 1769.—pp. 36 -7- Some of these 
evils may be traced in this district at the 
present day. 

a Corn, -- In this curious aceount of the 
ayriculture of the time, we incidentally 
learn that here the tenants paid their rent 
in k ind, accordiny to the nnerent mode. This 
was general in many parts of Freland in the 
seventeenth century. By inquisition taken 
ut the town of Mayo, on 2gth July, A.D. 
1607, it appeared, that Eugenins, alias 


Owen O'Maly. chief of his name and na- 


tien. and his ancestors, had chief rents. of 


barley, butter, and mneney, out of several 
lands within the barony of Murrivk, and 
county of Mayo; that he was seised of the 
castle of Cuhir-na-mart (now Westport), 
the castle and island of Carrowmore, and 
nunerous other lands and possessions 
there, in right of tanistrv; and that he, 


a- chief, ought te have, as his) ancestors 


had, “all fines tor bloodshed. all skins of 


anumals killed. or to be killed, within that 
barony, with all customs and other casu- 


being 


alties.” By another inquisition, taken 11th 
January, A.D. 1610, it was found that 
Robert Bowen, of Castlecarra, Esq. as 
heir to his brother William Bowen (who 
purchased various lands in Mayo county, 
from Peter Lord Tremblestone, by deed of 
feofhnent, dated rst May, A. D. 1586. and 
who was the first of that name that came 
to Mayo), was seised of a rent-charge by 
mortgage from the Stantons, on the lands 
of Clan M*Cormick, of a certain quan- 
tity of * bread, drink, and flesh at Christ- 
mas; and a proportion of bread, bute 
ter, and drink at Easter, yearly.”—Orig. 
Inquia. 

The best illustration of the mode of 
manuring with sea-weed, and the other 
avricultural processes above deseribed, will 
be found in Mr. Nimine’s excellent Report 
It is 
observable, that the potatoe is neo where 


onthe Bogs west of Lough Corrib, 


mentioned by ourauthor, Healludes to “a 
kindeofeorn they eal] /oragh” but the name 
The houses were all co- 
vered with thatch. Even our author himself, 


is now unknown. 


59 


being sure not a grain will fail to multiply. In summer, when it 
grows up, they goe, man, woman and child, and ly prostrate or sit 
upon the corn, to weed it with their bare hands, leaving nothing 
behind but pure corn. Twice, perhaps, they thus weed it before it 
comes to anear. The soile bears not but for two years, till they 
muck it again. The first year it bears wheat, barly, ry, or oats; the 
second year oats only, but the increase is forty fold at the least. 
Here is a kinde of corn they call bwagh, the grain is like wheat, but 
more brownish and swarthy; the bread like barly bread but finer : 
two bushells of this corn is three bushells ground. This land hath 
no help for building but thatch, and plenty of rude stones that can- 
not be wrought. It is destitude of wood and lime-stone. Few places 
have any clay for mortar. It hath severall brooks and shallow 
rivers, falling from the mountaines to the sea, which bear some 
salmons, trouts, and cels, besides plenty of sea-fish and shell-fish ; 
together with severall creeks and ship harbours. There is a shift of 
making lime of the shells for tanning leather. Now to descend to 

particulars. 
In this tract’, near Galway, westward, is the town land of Barna’; 
very good arable land, where partly the plow, partly digging with 
spade 


the hereditary chieftain of Gnobeg, which 
was the best part of the barony of Moycul- 
len, lived in a thatched house, in the district 
above described; and very probably in it he 
wrote his Ogygia, and the present treatise. 

¥ Tract.—The tract of land, as far west- 
ward as the barony of Moycullen extends 
along the bay, is known by the name of 
Cor faipge, or the sea tract. We find it 
so called in A.D. 1586. See the record 
quoted from the British Museum, in note8, 


P- 44- 


* Barna.—Seanna, literally a gap, but 
here a breach or opening in the coast. 
There was formerly a castle here, close to 
the sea side, about three miles west of 
Galway. Its ruins are shewn by the name 
of pean ccurlean Óeanna, the old castle of 
Barna. It belonged to the ancient Irish 
family of O'Halloran, who before the 
twelfth century were lords of Clan Fe- 
apgail, a district in which Galway town 
was situate. “O h-allmupan Caoireac 
cecp! m-baile ficec cloino: Pengail,” 


I2 


. vista inme-stone and clay. 
~> woung men of Galway were wont to come 


Ww 


60 


Here is Blake’s hill' 


sé their May-game, and there dine between 


- .w\ ee 44 
~ 


cans we Barna 


re 


. wea AAA 


we AN 


ww OS 


cé Ashe, 


1 her 
re oot) © 


“ 


AÍ As Aine] 
LEAS AT LAC ders 
wa Sallim, 
SNe Sb ler 


big tormer 


.o. Sarrell) a 


~. 


are uM Elal- 
wot & hich 


aw sú b- 28, 


_* thaheran, 


Stare oe tg, 


at . 


fo. Narna, 


a | wb 


psy Muy 


~~ - ral- 

‘ sás ' owl 
vib. 
Las 


"sul 


4.‘ yf Aghnenure, defeated an army out of 
A.D. 1564, on the strand of Tray- 


bane. 


name of his celebrated kinsman Morough 
na d-tuadh, [Morough of the Battle 
axes] O'Flaherty. But the omission in 
this instance I consider merely acci- 
dental; although in our author’s time, 
when the Irish were broken down by the 
wars of the seventeenth century, many of 
them began to fashion their names, by 
omitting the prefixes O’ and Mac, which 
were among the few remnants of national 
distinction that then remained to them. 
This they did to make their old Irish 
names more English-like, and conse 
quently more palatable to their dominant 
neighbours; and it was a literal fulfil- 
ment of the wish of Spenser, express- 
ed a century before, that “all the O's 
und Mac’s should be utterly forbidden 
Many of the O'Fla- 
herties, and chiefly the more respectable 
of them, then became mere “ Flahertiea,” 
Our author never submitted to this mark 
of national degradation, like his kinsmen 
of Aghnenure, or Lemontield. Then ap- 
peared, for the first time, Bryan Fla- 
herty, of Lemonfield, Esq. Morogh Fla- 
herty, his son. Edmond Flaherty, of Tolly,” 
Ne Extract from the will of the first 
want, dated the goth Dec. A. D. 1721, 


and extinguished.” 


61 


bane’. This strand yields plenty of cockles; and, with a drudge, 
oysters are to be found near it. Westward from thence, and from 
Galway four miles, the river of Forbagh runs to the sea; near 
which was a great fish cast, Anno 166%, another about a mile thence 
at Koylagh, the 17th of May, 1674, thirty foot long and seaven foot 
high. Two miles from the river of Forbagh” to the river of Spidell*, 
on which the salmon cannot pass a steep salmon leap, a mile from 
the bridge on the mouth of the river, first built Anno 1670, by the 
publick charges. On the east-side of the river, by the high water 
mark of the sea, stands the church of Spidell, dedicated to St. Enna’, 
patron of Aran, whose feast is kept the 21st day of March. Spidell 
is so called of Spittle, or Hospitall. From this river, which separates 
the parish of Moycullin here from the parish of Kilanhin on the west 


Prerog. Office. For valuable observations 
on Irish names, see Mr. O’Donovan’s cu- 
rious papers in the Irish Penny Journal, 
A.D. 1841, which it is to be hoped he 
may yet be induced to enlarge and give 
in a more substantial form to the public. 

Y Traybane.—In Irish, Tpding Óán, lite- 
terally the White Strand, as it is still 
called. Cockles are here found in abun- 
dance; but no oysters. The fishermen plea- 
santly relate, that the latter migrated to 
the opposite shore of the bay, to the great 
oyster beds of Poldoody, belonging to that 
excellent and patriotic gentleman, Burton 
Bindon, Esq. 

~ Forbagh.— Popbaé, now pronounced 
Furrobagh. This river flows into the bay. 
In the Composition of A. D. 1585, Ballyne- 
forbagh in Gnobeg, is stated to contain 
four quarters of land, which, with most of 


of 


that district, was granted by James I. to 
Hugh O'Flaherty, our author’s father, by 
letters patent, dated 25th Jan. A. D. 1617. 
—Rot. Pat. 

x Spidell.—_Spiéal, an hospital. Spital 
is an old English term for hospital, and 
is still used in Scotland. “Rob not the 
spital.”—Jonson. In the Composition of 
A. D. 1585, the townland here is called 
Ballynspiddell. Theriver of Spiddle is nine 
miles west of Galway, and is much prized 
for salmon fishing. It flows out of a lake 
in the townland of Shannagarraun, and 
falls into the bay nearly opposite Ceann 
Somne, or Black head. 

Y St. Knna.— For an account of this 
celebrated Saint, whose memory is still 
venerated here, and in the islands of Aran, 
see Colgan’s Acta Sanctorum, p. 704. 


62 


of it, to the river of Ally? are two miles; and in the midle way is 
the creeke of Crompan, a very secure harbour for boats, much fre- 


quented by the fishermen of Galway. 


Ally river divides Gnobeg 


on the cast, from Gnomore on the west in those parts, whence to 
‘romlin® river is two miles: not far from which, westward, 3rd 
June, 1682, was a fish cast on Miny shore, thirty foot long and 
seaven high. Near Miny is the castle of Inveran, where Walter 
Fada Bourke’ was murthered by the procurement of his stepmother 


 Ricer of Ally.—In Irish Abain na 
h-Cille, so called from the townland of 
Aille, through which it flows. It is two miles 
west of Spiddle. “Gnobegg is bounded 
from Srawan I Garwane on the north 
side, to Galway, saving the liberties, and 
soe alonge the river of Donkelie (or Ally) 
tu Galway aforesaid, by east.”— or. Pat. 
29° Eliz., quoted in Appendix. The name 
of this river may be traced to the O’Kealy’s 
(O’Cadhla), the ancient chiefs of Cun- 
mhaicne-mara, of whom more will be 
found in the sequel. 

*Cromlin.—Miny.—Inceran.—Cypuim- 
Zlinn, This river tlows into the bay be- 
tween the townlands of Poulgorm and 
Cartronkeel, about three Irish miles west 
of Ally river. There are two portions of 
the parish of Kilecuminin here insulated 
by the purish of Killannin.—Miny. Now 
called Minna. — /nreran. Inbepan, “This 
west of 





eastle stands a short distance 
Cromlin river, on a little cnompdn, or 
creek, from which it takes its name. 

b Walter Fada Bourke.— Walter the 


Tall. He was the son of David Bourke 


Finnola 


(great grandson of Edmund na _/feavige, for 
whom see Lodge’s Peerage, vol. iv. p. 231), 
by his first wife. Finola O'Flaherty was 
the second wife of David. By her he 
had Ripoeano an Tapain, called Iron 
Dick, and to secure the inheritance for the 
latter, his mother caused his elder half- 
brother, Walter Fada, to be murdered, as 
above related. In this object the mur- 
deress succeeded, for her son, Iron Dick, 
did inherit all his father’s vast possessions, 
and became one of the greatest men of his 
See Sir Henry Sidney’s curious de- 
scription of him, quoted by Lodge, vol. iv. 


time. 


p. 232, where, among other things, he says, 
“Surelye, my lords, he is well wonne, for 
he ia a great man; his land lyeth along the 
West-north-west coast of this realme, where 
he hath many goodly havens, and isa 
Lorde in territore of three (ea as inuch 
land as the Earle of Clanrickarde is.” He 
was futher of Sir Tibbott na Long, first 
Viscount Mayo. The retributive justice 
of Providence visibly pursued this foul 
murder, in the fate of that man's descend- 
aunts. To pursue the subject further would 


63 


Finnola Flaherty, by her brother Donnel Fitz-Rory Og Flaherty, 
Anno 1549, deceased. Thence, westward, at Moerras‘, is an altar of 
St. Columb-Kille by a brooke, and his well within the sea shore. 
His feast is celebrated on the oth of June. From Cromlin river to 
the river of Casla are two miles, This river falls into Casla haven, 
and hath salmon and trout-fishing on it yearly. These white trouts 
are called Lihain, and come on the rivers from the sea as salmons 
doe. 

On Casla haven, in the year 1674, memorable for dearth of corn 
through all Ireland, the herring fishing of Galway Bay failing, 
herring fishing was discovered, and soe continued for five years after, 
and failed againe. They were larger and sooner come than Gal- 
way fish, There I saw a herring eighteen inches long. Between 
Casla Haven and Fearmore, or the Great Man’s Haven", lyes the 


be irrelevant here. It is, therefore, left to 
the future historian of this district. 

© Moerras. — Casla.-— On Mackensie’s 
chart, Moerras is called Murris. It is 
west of Inveran castle. On the town- 
land of Cloghmore there is an old church- 
yard called after St. Columbkille. On 
Mackensie’s chart and Larkin’s map are 
marked the ruins of achurch. See the 
Ordnance Survey map of this district, for 
the situation of the altar and well men- 
tioned above. The river of Casla, where 
it falls into the bay of that name, is 
tour Irish miles west of the mouth of 
Crumlin river. The bay is called in Irish 
Cuan Chairle, the bay of Caushlia. Mac- 
kensie and Larkin properly call it Casleh 
bay; but Mr. Nimmo, in his piloting di- 
rections before alluded to, calls it ‘‘Cas- 


land 


tello, or Casleh harbour,” p.172. Castello 
is a corrupt pronunciation of Casleh, or 
Casla, the proper name of the bay, and 
therefore ought to have been rejected by 
him. 

4 Great Man’s Haven. —In Irish Cuan 
an Fin moip, now called Great Man’s Bay, 
lies west of Casla, a peninsula of about two 
Irish miles in breadth running between 
them. It was called by the same name in 
A.D. 1560 See the Annals of the Four 
Masters, who relate, that in that year, a 
vessel was driven on a rock at the entrance 
of Great Man’s Bay in Iar Connaught, and 
that upwards of 100 men were lost, among 
whom was Tuathal (Toole) O’Malley, the 
best pilot of a long shipin his time. The 
people here relate, that the “ Great man” 
who gave name to this bay, was a giant; 


64 


land of Killin, about four miles, where stands a church by the 
sea-side, which antiquity named Inismacaw church, the feast day 
whereof is on the 15th of March. Westward of Great Man's 


that he lived a long time ago, and seized 
and plundered all the vessels that passed 
that way. “They still shew a large hol- 
low rock which they call his churn, Cuin- 
neog an Fin móin; and three other rocks 
called Opannpad an Fin móin, which sup- 
ported the cauldron wherein he boiled 
the whales which he caught with a fishing 
rod ! 

** His angle-rod made of a sturdy oak, 

His line a cable which in storms ne'er broke; 

His hook he baited with a dragon's tail, 

And sat upon a rock, and bobb'd for whale.” 
That some ‘great man,” at some dis- 
tant period, did dwell at or about Great 
Man’s Bay, and give name to it, may be 
admitted without incurring the charge of 
credulity: but when he lived, and his 
name, and whether he was one of the 
mighty Fomorians, or powerful Tuatha 
de Dananns, or other early colonists of 
Ireland, will probably, like other historical 
questions of similar importance, remain se- 
crets for ever. 

The other places mentioned in this 
paragraph may be summarily noted as 
Allin. —This is * Killin op- 


posite to Aran,” mentioned in page 7. It 


follows. 


forins the southern part of the penin- 
sula lying between Great Man’s Bay and 
Casla.  /nizmacare church,—Ceampull 


mp’ Mac Cloaim, i.e. the church of the 


Haven, 


island of the sons of Adam. When or by 
whom it was built, or why “ antiquity 
named” it so, we are ignorant. It lies in 
ruins on the west side of Casla bay, near 
the shore. Garmna.—ls an island lying 
between Great Man’s Bay and Cassin 
Bay, mentioned immediately after. Zaar- 
roill, Ceamcoill, i.e. Elmwood, angli- 
cised Loughil, forms the southern part 
of the island of Garomna. The ruins of 
Olither church, in the south-west of this 
island, are marked on Larkin’s map. 
Letter Melan.—Ceitip Maellam. The 
island of Lettermullen lies to the west 
of Garomna; and the castle stands on the 
north side of the island. It is mention- 
ed in the Annals of the Four Masters, 
at A.D. 1584, as the residence of Morogh 
Mac Hlugh. Aeanngualuim.—Ceann §v- 
alarm, a small island immediately west of 
Lettermullen. From our author's ex- 
pression it would appear, that in his 
time they were united; but in Mac- 
kensie’s chart and Larkin’s map, they ap- 
pear as separate islands. Ceann ®ualamm, 
sometimes called Gulin head, and not un- 
frequently Golden head, by such of the na- 
tives as speak English. See Nimmo’s Pilot- 
ing Directions, p. 174, fer an account of 
the tides along this coast. Cassin hacen. 
Cuan Cap, now generally called Casheen 
Bay. It lies to the north of Golam Head. 


65 


Haven, are the lands of Garmna, Lawroill, and Lettermelan Castle. 
In Garmnia is Olither church, or the Pilgrime’s church. Keann- 
gualaim, or the cape of Golamhead in Lettermellan, stretcheth itself 
between Cassin haven and the sea, the farthest end of Moycullin ' 
barony, this side, and is eight leagues from Galway. Eastward of 
this point, the Iles of Aran” lye three leagues distant from the con- 
tinent of this barony, whereof Lettermellan is the nearest to them. 
The three Iles of Aran half barony, extending in length from 
west to east, have the barony of Moycullin on the north, Moyclea‘ 
in Corcamro barony, and county of Clare, on the east, and the Cape 
of Kerryhead, far off in sight® stretched out in the sea, on the south. 


e Isles of Aran.—Some notices of these re- 
markable islands, in addition to those given 
above by our author, will be found in the 
Appendix hereto, if space shall permit. 

€ Moyclea.—In Irish Mag leq, or, as 
it is sometimes called, Cuat lea. This 
is a tract of land in the west of the barony 
of Corcomroe (Copcumpuaid), and the 
nearest part of the county of Clare to 
Imp Oiptip, the southern isle of Aran. 
Here are situate Doolen, the seat of a 
branch of the Macnamara family; and 
Aran-view, ‘“‘commanding, as its name 
implies, a fine view of the Aran isles.” 
In the sixteenth century, Moyclea was 
rendered remarkable by the following oc- 
currence. A.D. 1565, Mahon O’Brien of 
Arkin (ncn), in the great island of Aran, 
was treacherously slain by his own friends 
and followers. The citizens of Galway im- 
mediately went forth in pursuit of the 
murderers ; who thereupon betook them- 
selves to their boats and landed in the 

IRISH ARCH. 80C. 15. 


They 
west of Thomond. There they were met 
by Donall, the son of Conor O’Brien, who 
took most of them prisoners. He then 
brought them bound in fetters to Jfagh 
Glea; and there, in sight of the place 
where they perpetrated the crime, he 
hanged some and burned others, “as their 
atrocious wickedness deserved,” say the 
Four Masters, who relate the circum- 
stance. These feuds among the O’Briens 
led to their total expulsion from the 
islands of Aran, in a few years after, by 
the O’Flaherties of Iar-Connaught. 

* Far off in sight—The islands of Aran 
command some of the noblest sea-prospects 
in the world. The vast Atlantic stretching 
illimitably towards the south and west; the 
extensive coasts of Kerry, Clare, Galway, 
Mayo, &c., with their numerous islands, 
headlands, and lofty mountains “far off 
in sight,” must be seen, in order to form 
any idea of the sublimity and beauty of 
the view. 


66 


They are fenced on the south side with very high clifts", some three 
score, some four score and five score fathoms deep, against the 
Western Ocean's approach. 

The soile is almost paved over with stones’, soe as, in some places, 
nothing is to be seen but large stones with wide openings between 
them, where cattle break their legs. Scarce any other stones there 
but limestones, and marble fit for tomb-stones, chymney mantle 
trees, and high crosses. Among these stones is very sweet pasture, 
so that beefe, veal, mutton are better and earlyer in season here, then 
elsewhere; and of late there is plenty of cheese, and tillage mucking, 


and corn is the same with the sea side tract. 
On the shore grows samphire’ in plenty, ring-root or 


plow goes. 


h High clifte.—The height of the cliff at 
Dun ckengusin Aran, which Dun is one of 
the most remarkable remains of pagan an- 
tiguity in the west of Europe, is upwards 
of 300 feet. The cliffs of Aran are else- 
where well described by our author: 
“ Claustrornmn reliquiwe videntur — esse 
Aranne tres insuke, qua obrutu non fa- 
ciles an medio profundo eminent, et editea- 
aimag preeru plas Crepidineadecuman ia fluc- 
tihus ohjiciunt.”—Ogud. p. 164. 

i Pared orer wth atones.—Large tracts 
of bare flags, in Trish leaca loma,as smooth 
as polished marble, may be seen in many 
parts of these islands, A visitor, surprised 
at the appearance, remarked, that it was a 
mistake not to have called them the Marble 
Islands, for that they were all a mass of 
lime-stone and marble.  Yet umong those 
rocks and stones there is, as our au- 
thor observes, " very sweet pasture” for 


In some places the 


sea-holy, 


cattle. These leaca loma, or bare flags, 
have been frequently noticed. In an old 
poem entitled * Columbkille’s Farewell to 
Aran,” which, though attributed to that 
saint, may safely be dated some centuries 
after his time, an anyel is described as 
showering down benefits from heaven on 
the bare flags of Aran: 


“GHacu oianodin, ón! gacu orapoain, 
Cig Sanial, mon an main, 
Go rsaílinn nue Dé vo nim 
Fon leccad loma un lá pin.” 


See this " Farewell to Aran,” published 
in the Transactions of the Gaelic Society, 
Dublin, 8vo. 1808, p. 180, with a trane- 
lation by Theophilus O'Flanagan, A. B. 

) Samphire.—Tlus plant, Crithmum ma- 
ritinvon, is tound growing on rocks by the 
shore, where it is Washed by the salt water. 
It is sent for sale from Aran tu Dublin, 


67 


Here are Cornish choughs, with red 


sea-holy, and sea-cabbage. 


legs and bills. Here are ayries of hawkes*, and birds which never 
fly but over the sea; and, therefore, are used to be eaten on fasting- 
days': to catch which, people goe down, with ropes tyed about 
them, into the caves of cliffts by night, and with a candle light kill 
abundance" of them. Here are severall wells and pooles, yet in ex- 
traordinary dry weather, people must turn their cattell out of the 
islands, and the corn failes. They have noe fuell but cow-dung" dryed 


where it is said to be used for pickling 
and preserves. ing-root or sea-holy.— 
Eryngium maritimum, in Irish, Cuilleann 
tpagxa, grows near the shore, and is used 
by the inhabitants of Aran, as a medicine. 
See its medicinal virtues described in 
K’Eogh’s Botanologia Universalis Hiber- 
nica, p. 43. Sea cabbage.—Crambe mari- 
tima. 

k Ayries of hawkes.—For a curious no- 
tice of these once favourite birds, see 
Carve’s Lyra, p. 47. They were formerly 
trained in Iar-Connaught for field sport, 
and were held in high esteem. Morogh 
na Maor O'Flaherty, of Bunowen, in Cona- 
mara, by his will, dated 13th April, A.D. 
1626, directed that his third son, Bryan 
O’Flahertie, should have the Cleggan, an 
extensive tract in the barony of Bali- 
nahinch, “ excepting onelie the Aiery of 
hawkes upon Barnanoran,” reserved for his 
eldest son, Morogh na Mart.—Orig. Will. 

! Fasting days.—Strange as this reason 
may seem, for eating sea birds on fasting 
days, it is nevertheless very ancient. So- 
crates, in his Ecclesiastical History, men- 


with 


tions it in the fifth century. Speaking of 
the various modes of keeping Lent then 
prevalent, he says: — oi piv yap, waren 
ierPuywr ANN OWTAÁ of di, TA ie luvar ix fds 
movous pitaeracpeBarvovcs® giytg Ob uv Toig Í ebucs, 
nol TAY WINa awoytverTas, iF Vdaros xas 
aura roy Maúgt ytytynobes Asyorrts’ x. T. A. 
“ Some abstain altogether from animals: 
others of animals eat fish only. Some, 
along with fish, eat also birds: saying that, 
according to Moses, birds, like fish, were 
created out of the waters.” Hist. Eccl. 
lib. v.c.22. In Martin’s Description of 
the Western Islands of Scotland (p. 65), 
mention is made of a similar reason for 
eating seals’ flesh in Lent. 

um Kill abundance.—In carrying on this 
“dreadful trade,” the adventurous “ Crags- 
men” of Aran encounter dangers, which 
to any other class of men would be in- 
credible. Mr. Pennant, in his “ Voyage 
to the Hebrides,” gives a curious repre- 
sentation of this perilous practice. See 
also Martin’s Islands of Scotland, p. 293; 
and his Voyage to St. Kilda, p. 105. 

na Cow-dung.—In Irish Gortpeam. Large 


K 2 


68 


with the sun, unless they bring turt in from the western continent. 
They have Cloghans, a kind of building of stones layd one upon 
another, which are brought to a roof without any manner of mortar 
to cement them, some of which cabins will hold forty men on their 
floor; so antiont that no body knows how long agoe any of them was 
made, Seareity of wood and store of fit stones, without peradventure 


found out the first mivention. 


There is a waste island on the south- 


west side, entled Oilen-da-branogwe’, where they goe to slaughter seals 
yearly; and where there is abundanee of samphire. 

From the [sles of Aran and the west continent, often appears 
visible that inehanted island called O'Brasil’, and in Irish Beg-ara, 


stacks ( pocea) of this savoury substitute 
for túilinny be seen in Aran, particularly 
ny the núuddle idand; but Iatterly they 
have learned to convert if into manure, 
wad pet tual from the Continent.’ The 
petvatiotis Which these poor and honest. 
Inhvnders sometimes undergo, part of which 
ate nbove wllnded te by our author. are 
key scAcie; and yet you will not) tind 
anyol Chem walling te exchange the bare 
Naga ot Avan, for the comparative: com- 
lóifs oof the anatastacl country > even of the 


Por Gale map of Clitden 


‘“wreat town,’ 
mi Conamarm, or yetof the greater town, 
the eujital al thre province, Caran mon 
nel Oil lane. It the 


wtemtent húinnn punishment that eould 


is believed, that 


be tttheted éi an Aranite, would be to 
witence hin never te return home. See 
Mattia’s curious neeount of the St. Kilda 
pastes Vanat tee Colusgeow. - Western Lalande, 


p 2yh, which requires little more than the 


or 


substitution of Galway for Glasgow, and 
Aran for St. Kilda, to answer as a de- 
scription of an .Aran man’s first visit of 
wonder to Galway. 

The primitive buildings called ** Clogh- 
ans,” mentioned above by our author, will 
he found noticed, with the islands of Aran, 
in the Appendix. 

ó Oilen-da-branoge.—In Irish called 
Oilean oa bBpanog, and Brannock, or 


Brannoge Island, in English. It les off 
the townland of Onagh, at the western ex- 


See 
Larkin’s map of the county of Galway. 

PY Braail._— This fabulous island has 
been so fully noticed in recent: publica- 


tremity of the great island of Aran. 


tions, that it is only necessary here to re- 
fer to some of them, viz: the Tour of ML 
Boullaye le Gouz in Ireland. A.D. 16.44, 
edited by T. Crofton Croker, Lond. 1839, 
p- 68; and Irish Minstrelsy. Lond. 1831, 
vol.i. p. 369. * O’Brazil” has been cele- 


69 


or the Lesser Aran, set down in cards of navigation. Whether it be 
reall and firm land, kept hidden by speciall ordinance of God, as 
the terrestiall paradise, or else some illusion of airy clouds appearing 
on the surface of the sea, or the craft of evill spirits‘, is more than 
our judgements can sound out. There is, westward of Aran, in sight 
of the next continent of Balynahynsy barony, Skerde, a wild island of 
huge rocks’, the receptacle of a deale of seales thereon yearly slaugh- 
tered. These rocks sometimes appear to be a great city far of, full 
of houses, castles, towers, and chimneys; sometimes full of blazing 
flames, smoak, and people running to and fro. Another day you 
would see nothing but a number of ships, with their sailes and 
riggings ; then so many great stakes or reekes of corn and turf; and 
this not only on fair sun-shining dayes, whereby it might be thought 
the reflection of the sun-beamse, on the vapours arising about it, had 
been the cause, but alsoe on dark and cloudy days happening. There 

is 


brated by our gifted countryman, Gerald 

Griffin, in a pleasing poem, beginning : 

“ On the ocean that hollows the rocks where ye 
dwell, 

A shadowy land has appeared, as they tell, 

Men thought it a region of sunshine and rest, 

And they called it O' Brazil the isle of the blest.” 


For the remainder of this poem, see the 
Life of Gerald Griffin, Lond. 1844, p. 357. 
The people of Aran say, that O’Brazil ap- 
pears but once every seven years. 

3 The craft of evil spirits. —This is alto- 
gether an amusing passage; but, in the 
time of our author, people were not quite 
so sceptical in these matters as they are 
at the present day. For some examples of 
this, see the Additional Notes hereto. 


rt Huge rocks.—Now called the Skird 
Rocks, lying in the ocean, west of Cashin 
Bay; about nine miles north-west of the 
western extremity of Aran-more. The 
optical illusions here so well described by 
our author, seem no way inferior to the 
celebrated Fata morgana seen in the Straits 
of Messina, and which the Sicilians call 
the most beautiful sight in nature. For a 
description of the latter, given from Minai, 
by Father Angelucci, see Swinburne’s 
Travels; and also that very pleasing work, 
Buck’s “ Beauties, Harmonies, and Subli- 
mities of Nature.” See also the Philo- 
sophical Magazine, vol. xii. p. 336; and 
Mr. Brewer's Beauties of Ireland, for an 
animated description of similar exhibi- 


79 


is another like number of rocks, called Carrigmeacan’, on the same 


coast, whereon the like apparitions are scen. 


But the inchanted 


island of O’Brasil is not alwayes visible, as those rocks are, nor these 
rocks have allways those apparitions. 
There is now living, Morogh O’Ley', who immagins he was him- 


tions which took place in the neighbour- 
hood of Youghall, about the close of the 
last century. 

§ Carriymeacan.—In Irish Canna mic 
(nna, now Carrickmackan, near the mouth 
of Cashin Bay; and nearly due north of 
the Brannock isles, off the western extre- 
The 


serial phenomena Witnessed here and at 


mity of the great island of Aran. 


the Skerds, invest these wild regions with 
an air of romantic grandeur ; and, com- 
bined with the surrounding scenery, pre- 
sent a view altogether indescribable. When 
with these the enchanted isle of O°Brazil 
appears, it completes a picture which is 
said to be unrivalled in any other part 
of the British islands. 
of ocean and coast, stretching from head- 


The great extent 


land to headland, as far as the eye can 
reach, heightens the magnificence of the 
scene. 

© Morogh O Ley.—Lee or Lye. The cu- 
rious story here related is still remem- 
bered, but it appears te have received some 
additional embellishments from fancy. One 
of these is the introduction of an incident 
which renders our author’s narrative com- 
plete. 1t is, that Morogh O'Ley received 
a book from one of the inhabitants of 
(Brazil, with an injunction not to look 


self 


into it for seven years. This injunction 
he faithfully obeyed; and when, at the end 
of the time prescribed, he opened the book, 
he at once became indued with the gift of 
healing, and began to practise surgery and 
physic with wonderful success: ‘* Tho’ he 
never studyed nor practised either all his 
lifetime before, as all we that knew him 
These 
words almost induce a supposition, that 
The 
truth, however, seems to be, that Morogh 
O'Ley, whose patrimony was confiscated 
in the seventeenth century, turned quack- 
doctor to obtain a livelihood ; and that 
he then invented the story of O°’ Brazil 
and the book, in order to attract atten- 
It is, moreover probable, that he 


since he was a boy can averr.” 


our author believed the story. 


tion. 
Was previously in possession of the book 
in question; and that it had descended 
to him from his ancestors, who, it is 
known, were hereditary physicians in lar- 
Connaught. 

Among the records connected with the 
memorable Act of Settlement, the follow- 
ing document appears, in A.D. 1663: "To 
the Right Honorable [lis Majesty's Com- 
missioners fur executing His Gracious 
Declaration for the Settlement of Ireland. 
—The humble petition of Morogh O'Lye, 


71 


self personally in O'Braail for two days, and saw out of it the iles of 
Aran, Golamhead, Irrosbeghill, and other places of the west conti- 
nent he was acquainted with The manner of it he relates, that 
being in Irrosainhagh, in the south side of the barony of Balyna- 


sheweth, that Edmond O’Lye of Moyas- 
kragh, deceased, was lawfully seised in 
his demense as of fee, long before the re- 
bellion, of the lands following, viz., Bolle- 
banane, Gortnecony, and Balliskey, in the 
barony of Muckullin and county of Gal- 
way; and so continued seised, till, in or 
about the yeare 1641, he mortgaged the 
premisses unto one Robert Martin, for 
the sum of eighty pounds. That the said 
Edmond dyed in or about the year 1662, 
after and by whose decease, the power of 
redemption of the premisses descended to 
your petitioner, as son and heir unto the 
said Edmond. That the said Edmond and 
the petitioner have been inoffensive, never 
acted any thing against the Crown nor 
the English interest, embraced and are 
included in the Articles of peace granted 
by His Majesty’s authority, in the year 
1648, to the Irish, and constantly thereto 
adhered. The petitioner therefore hum- 
bly prayeth to be restored to his said 
reversion or power of redemption, accord- 
ing to His Majesty’s gracious intention, 
by which persons innocent are to be res- 
tored, and petitioner will ever pray: 
Moroca O’LyeE.” This claim, with thou- 
sands of a similar nature made at the time, 
was rejected; and it is probable that then 
the claimant began to turn his thoughts 


hinsy, 


to medicine, as already related. The book 
above alluded to, lay for some time in the 
possession of the editor. It is now called 
the Book of O’Brazil; and certainly was 
well calculated to suggest and keep up 
the singular deception it happened to be 
connected with. It is a medical manu- 
script on vellum, in good preservation, 
containing forty-six large 4to. folios, very 
well written in Irish and Latin, in the 
fifteenth century (the year 1434 occurs 
on p. 76), and it appears to have remained 
until a late period in the possession of the 
Lee family ; for the name P. Lee is inscribed 
on the first folio, in modern handwriting. 
The pages are curiously ruled and divided, 
each presenting somewhat the appearance 
of a complex astrological figure. It pre- 
sents lists of various diseases, with their 
cures, mostly arranged in parallel columns, 
headed Prognostics, Region, Season, Age, 
Constitution, Causa, Signum, Evacuatio, 
Ac. An account of this volume, given by 
that excellent Irish scholar, Mr. Curry, ap- 
pears in Doctor Wilde’s valuable Report, 
upon the tables of deaths, contained in the 
Return of the Commissioners appointed to 
take the Census of Ireland, 1841. The 
“Book of O’Brazil” is now preserved in 
the library of the Royal Irish Academy. 


| se (aa. Wa by sea, in the month of Aprill, 
gene Fem one village to another, in a 
| acre scontent of his wife, he was en- 

LS. stán ers, and forcibly carried by boat 
i . ie wiumn it told him, and they could 
sí _:, He was terried out hoodwink d, in 
.. was it ón the sea point by Galway; 

CC oases tor seme daves after, being very des- 
saw Se came to Galway then. But. by 
at Years alter, he began to practise 


og ual so continues ever since to practise, 
ax wed either all his life time before, as 
-. was 3 bov can averr. 
er six leagues from the continent, 
rit¥ tathoms deep in the sea, and of 


very 


Law sc Ashing on the west coast of Tre 

w Sh, al would hecome a source of national 

oa wealth and strenyth. Franklin has said: 

‘ He that puts seed into the ground reaps 

we tertyefold; but he that puts a line into 

wove seal and pulls out a fish, pulls out 

A a taeve of silver.” On this subject see 

sans Ss evidence of William Bald, Esq., before 

eo Veg Select Comittee On the Publie Works 
waa. er Ureland, A.D. 1X35. 

rer The above bank is described in an Ae 

saint ófa Tour through Ireland, by Dr, 

cea Bewkes ALD 1292, preserved in MS. in 

eee tee Library of Trinity College, Dublin, 

. cate Lg 18, as follows: * About ten leagues 

ls) éit i.e. trent of Clare Full an the western 

are catst) is a bank where there are plenty of 


73 


very small breadth, which extends from Ulster to Munster, all along 
the western coasts of Connaught. It is called in Irish Imaireboy, or 
the yellow ridge; and, in English, the Cod Fishing Bank, where 
people in summer season use to goe in boats a fishing from Bofin. 
the Owles, Irros Downan’, and some parts of the barony of Balyna- 
hinsy, and are there in their boats over night. From this bank, about 
twenty years agoe, a boat out of the Owles was blown westward by 
night; next day about noon, they spyed land so near them, that 
they could see sheep within it, and yet durst not, for fear of illusions, 
touch shore, imagining it was O’Brasil; and they were two dayes 
coming back towards home. ‘Soe much of the inchanted island; 
whence we come back again to Aran. 

The isles of Aran are fameous for the numerous multitude of 
saints” there living of old and interred, or there trained in religious 
austerity, and propagating monasticall discipline in other parts; ve- 


cod, and it is supposed that it is part of 
that bank which extends to Newfound- 
land, being supposed to be hills in the 
sea where the fish lye. On this they have 
between forty and fifty fathom water: the 
fish have very much failed on all the coast, 
since they have burned the sea-weed for 
kelp, which they not only take away as 
the sea leaves it, but they cut it off in the 
sea, that it may be thrown up, the fish 
spawning on this weed.”—p. 62. 

Y Irros Downan.—loppupr Oomnann, 
the present barony of Erris, in the county 
of Mayo. See the interesting description 
of this barony, entitled, ‘‘ Erris in the 
Irish Highlands,” by P. Knight, Civil En- 
gineer: Dublin, 1836. Until the publi- 

IRISH ARCH. SOC. 15. 


nerable 


cation of Mr. Knight’s book, this now 
rapidly improving and important district 
remained “almost unnoticed and un- 
known.”—Preface, p. vi. 

w Saints.—Of the multitude of holy 
men who lived and died on these islands, 
for a period of more than a thousand 
years after the introduction of Christi- 
anity, the names of few only are re- 
corded: ‘“ Nemo scit numerum sanctorum 
qui sepulti sunt ibi, nisi solus Deus.” 
Nobody but God alone knows the number 
of saints that lie buried there, as our 
author, further on, quotes from the life of 
St. Albeus. Colgan, Acta SS. p. 714; and 
Ware, Ant. 249. “ Et magna est illa in- 
sula, et est terra sanctorum.” 


74 


nerable for many sacred churches*, chappells, wells, crosses se- 
pulchers, and other holy reliques of saints still there extant, as 


* Sacred churches. — In A.D. 1645, or 
shortly before, a description of the churches 
and chapels of the archdiocess of Tuam, 
in the west of Ireland, was compiled by 
Doctor Malachias O’Cadhla(O' Kealy), then 
Roman Catholic prelate in that see ; and 
so much of his description as related to 
the islands of Aran, is fortunately pre- 
served in Colgan’s Acta Sanctorum Hi- 
berniw. Within ten years from that date, 
the principal churches of Aranmore were 
destroyed by Cromwell's governors of 
those islands, and the materials applied 
to the building of the “ citadel,” and other 
works of defence then crected there. A 
translation of the portion of Doctor 
(’Kealy’s description, preserved by Col- 
gan, is here subjoined. ‘The original will 
be found in Acta 58. p. 714. 

‘OF THE THREE ISLANDS OF ARAN AND THEIR 
CHURCHES. 

“Concermng the churches of these 
islands (and first of the first island), 
and their patrons and other saints, re 
ceive the following from a tabular des- 
eription of the churches of the diocese of 
Tuam (in which it hes), lately transmit- 
ted to us, and faithfully written by the 
most Hlustrious lord Malachias Qualeus 
lO’ Kealy ]. archbishopof Tuam, a man dis- 
tinguished for his zeal in religion, and 
endowed with every virtue: extracted as 
they he: 


monuments 


“I. The parish church (to wit of the 
first island) commonly called Aidl-Enda, 
lies in the county of Galway and half be- 
rony of Aran; and in it St. Endeus, or 
Enna, is venerated as patron, on the 21st 
of March. 

“2. The church called Teqlach-Enda, 
to which is annexed a cemetery, wherein 
is the sepulchre of St. Endeus; with one 
hundred and twenty-seven other sepul- 
chres, wherein none but saints were ever 
buried. 

“ 38. The church called Tempull mac 
Longa, dedicated to St. Mac Longius, is 
situated near the parish church, which is 
called sometimes A’ll-Enda, that is the 
cella or cell of St. Endeus, and sometimes 
Tempull mor Enda, or the great church of 
Endeus. 

“4. The church called Tempull mie 
Canonn, near the aforesaid parish church. 

eg. The church called of St. Mary, 
not far from the same parish church. 

“6. The church which is named JZem- 
pull Benain, or the Temple of St. Be 
nignus. 

é s, The church called Matnistir Con- 
nachtach, that is the Connaught monastery ; 
in the place of which, being afterwards 
demolished, was built a chapel dedicated 
to St. Kieran. 

“8. Thé church called Avll-na-manach, 
that is the church or cell of the monks, 


75 


monuments of their piety ; reverenced for many rare priviledges of 
sacred places therein, and the instant divine punishments inflicted 


which was dedicated to St. Cathradochus, 
or Caradoc the monk, surnamed Garbh, or 
the rough. 

“9. The church called Tempull-Assur- 
muidhe, which is said to be dedicated to 
St. Assurnidhe (or, perhaps, Esserninus), 
and this church is held in the greatest 
veneration among the islanders, 

“10, The church called Zempull an 
cheathrutr aluinn, or the church of the four 
beautiful [saints | who were, saints Fursey, 
Brendan of Birr, Conall, and Berchann ; 
whose bodies are also said to be buried in 
the same tomb, lying in the cemetery of 
the same church. 

““r1. The church called Zempull-mic- 
Duach, or the church of St. Mac Duagh 
(who is also called Colmanus, surnamed 
Mac-Duagh), which is a handsome church 
dedicated to that saint. 

é 12. The handsome, and formerly pa- 
rochial church, called Tempull Breccain, 
or the church of Brecan, dedicated to the 
same Saint Brecan, in which also his feast 
is celebrated on the 22nd of May. 

“13. The church near the aforesaid 
church of St. Brecan, which is commonly 
called Tempull a phudll. 

sé Thus far of the churches and chapels 
of the first island, from the list just men- 
tioned, of the most illustrious prelate of 
Tuam. Moreover we read in our Martyr- 
ologies, that the birth-day of St. Endeus 


on 


is celebrated on the 21st of March ; that 
of St. Goban on the 3oth of March and 
30th of May; of St. Cronan, on the &th 
of March ; St. Nehemias, on the 14th of 
June; and St. Benedict, on the same 14th 
of June; wherefore, I think that he is 
the same saint, who is called by the calen- 
dar of Cashel Benedict, and by other 
Martyrologies, Nehemias........ 

é In the second or middle island, ac- 
cording to the same list, there is one 
church called Tempull Ceannannach, dedi- 
cated to the same St. Ceannannach ; and 
another church dedicated to the Blessed 
Virgin ; both subject to the parish of St. 
Endeus. 

é In the third island of Aran, which is 
also called Ard-Oilen: 

“21. The church of Kill-Choemhain, de- 
dicated to St. Coeman, and in which also 
he is venerated. 

é“ 2. The church consecrated to St. 
Paul. 

é 3. The church called Kill-Gradh-an- 
Domhain, in which Gobnata is venerated 
on the 11th of February. 

“é In this island there was formerly a 
celebrated monastery called Kill-Choemain 
(of which above), in which St. Coeman is 
venerated on the 12th of June, from 
which also the island itself is called Ara- 
cheemain.?? 

Colgan, as may be seen in the foregoing 


L 2 


76 


on such as dare violate or prophane them; frequently visited by 
Christians in pilgrimage for devotion, acts of pennance, and miracu- 


lous virtues there wrought. 


Ara-Mhor, the greatest and furthest to the west of them, con- 
taines twenty-four quarters of land, and is twenty-four miles in com- 
pass; wherein, on the south side, stands Dun-Engus’, a large fortified 


extract, has stated that the third island of 
Aran was called Ard-Qilen ; but in that 
he was mistaken, for none of these three 
islands was ever called or known by that 
name. Ard Oilen isan island lying several 
leagues north-west of the islands of Aran, 
and is well-known at present by that name, 
which is translated High-wsland, its pre- 
sent appellation in English. This was a 
mere oversight of the learned and labo- 
rious Colgan, for in the life of St. Fechin, 
p- 135, n.13, he had previously stated, 
that Ard-Oilen lay a few leazues towards 
the west from Immayia (Omey), which is a 
considerable distance from the islands of 
Aran. He has also referred to the Four 
Masters, but they only record the death 
of St. Gormygal, of Ard-Oilen, in A.D. 
1017, and do not confound it with Aran. 
Doctor Lanigan, relying on Colgan, tell 
into the same mistake, calling Ard-Oilen 


7 


One of the Aran islands”? chap. xxu. 
See further on, for what our author says 
of Ard-Oilen. Tf our limits permit, an ac- 
count of the ecelesiastieal remains in the 
islands of Aran, alluded tu by our au- 
ther, will be given in the Appendix. 

Y Dun-Bngus.—Mr. Petrie, in his evi- 


place 


dence before the Government Commis- 
sioners of Inquiry on the Ordnance Me- 
moir tor Treland, A.D. 1843, has stated, 
that “ Dun Aenguis in Aran, which was 
erected in the first century, is, perhaps, 
one of the most magnificent barbaric mo- 
numents remaining in Europe; it was a 
fortress of the Belgian kings in Ireland.” 
Report presented to Sir Robert Peel, p. 36. 
In addition to the above description of this 
remarkable place, see our author’s Ogvg,, 
p. 178; which is the only published ac- 
count ever given of Dun Engus. In what 
Doctor Ledwich has written of it in his 
Antiquities of Ireland, p. 14414. and in 
Grose’s Antiquities of Treland, vol. ii. p. ¥. 
there is not, even by chance, one word of 
truth; except what little he copied from 
the Ogyyia. Our author above states the 
chff on which Dun Engus stands, to be 
100 fathoms deep; but that statement he 
has omitted in the Ogvgia. It is not, in 
He 


further above states the surrounding wall 


fact. more than fifty fathoms deep. 


tobe “ain compass as big as a large castle 
bawn,? but finding that description con- 
veyed nó definite idea of its extent, he 
tried to detine it better in the Ogvg,, 


77 


place, on the brim of a high clifft, a hundred fathoms deep : being a 
great wall of bare stones without any mortar, in compass as big as 


p. 175, by stating that it would “ contain 
200 cows in its area.” Even this is de- 
fective; for it is certain that its area would 
encompass more than 1000 cows. The 
limits of these notes prevent further no- 
tices here, which, if space will allow, may 
be given in the Appendix. But having 
(note *, p. 74) given a list of the Christian 
remains of antiquity in these islands, I here 
subjoin asimilar list of their principal Pagan 
antiquities. And first of the great island: 

1. Dun ®Aingus.—This great Pagan 
fortress is situate, in a considerably ruin- 
ous state, on the south side of the island, 
in the south-west of the townland of Kil- 
murvey. It was erected in the first cen- 
tury of Christianity (see Mac Firbis’s 
Account of the Firbolgs, in the library of 
the Royal Irish Academy). This is perhaps 
one of the finest specimens of barbaric 
fortresses extant. 

2. Dun Eoghanacht, in the western side 
of the island, on the townland of Eogh- 
anacht, from which it is called. The ori- 
ginal name islost. Much of thesurrounding 
wall is still in good preservation, and is, in 
some parts, from twelve to sixteen feet in 
height. 

3. Dun Eochla, situate on the highest 
part of the townland of Eochoill; from 
which it is named, the original name being 
also lost. It is in better preservation than 
Dun Angus. 


a large 


4. At the village of Eochoill, about half 
a mile south-east of Dun Eochla, there 
are strongly marked traces of another dun 
or fort. Its original name is also lost, but 
the people relate that it was the strongest 
fort on the island. 

5. Dubh-Cathair, anglicized Doocaher, 
i.e. the black dun or fort, is situate on 
the townland of Killeany, over the edge 
of a high cliff; and to all appearance is 
the oldest dun on the island. Its wall is 
in some places twenty feet high. 

6. About half a mile south-west of the 
village of Kilronan, are the remains of 
another dun, but entirely in ruins. 

4. Dun Conchobhair, the Dun of Con- 
nor, on the middle island. This and Dun 
/Engus are the only duns or forts men- 
tioned by our author. See further on 
above, and in Ogyg., pp. 175,176. It is 
situated on a rocky eminence commanding 
a view of nearly the entireisland. This ap- 
pears to have been a more considerable fort, 
ress than even Dun Angus, to which it is 
superior in masonry and extent. Its wall, 
in some places, is twenty fect high. 

8. Mothar Dun, on the middle island is 
situated in a commanding situation on the 
south-east division or townland called 
Mohar. It is about the same size as Du 
Eoghanacht on the great island, and no 
unlike it in its general appearance. 


78 


a large castle bawn, with severall long stones on the outside, 
erected sloapewise about it against assaults. It is named of Engus 
M‘Anathmore [Cathmore’], of the reliques of the Belgmen in Ireland, 
there living about the birth-time of Christ. On the east side thereof, 
the island is somewhat soe low, that about the year 1640, upon an ex- 
traordinary inundation, the sca, overflowing that bank, went cross 
over the island, to the north-west. 

The king’s castle and manor of Arkin’ stood on the north side, 
over the ship harbour; for the service of which castle all the patents, 
in eapile of West-Connaught, granted by Queen Elizabeth and 


y. Cathair na m-han,—civcitas mulierum, 
on the south island, is now entirely in 
ruins, There is not at this day extant 
any tradition concerning it, or even its 
nime. Tam obliged here to discontinue 
any further description of these, and some 
other remains of pagan antiquity to be 
seen on the Aran islands; but if space al- 
lows it may be resumed in the Appendix. 

Y Enygua Ac Cathmore (Qadmop).—He 
was king or leader of the " Bolzumen,” Fir- 
bolys or Belgw, at the time alluded to by 
our author; and by him the great fortress 
of Dun ZEngus was ercveted. See the Book 
of Leean, fo. 277, 6; and the Account of the 
Firbolgs, by Duald Mae Firbis, preserved 
ww the Library of the Royal Irish Academy, 
as before mentioned, ‘This latter curious 
piece of Lrish history yet remains in manu- 
NN ript; but it is hoped, that it will be 
published under the AUSPICES of the Irish 
Archavological Society. 

" Arkin.—lIn Trish, Gpem, The chiets 


of the O'Briens, whe tor many centurics 


King 


possessed the isles of Aran, held thar 
principal residence at Aircin, a command- 
ing situation on the great island. See the 
Annals of the Four Masters, at A. D. 
1565, et ante, p.65, not f. They were 
soon after this expelled by the O’Flaher- 
ties; whoin their turn were dispossessed 
by Queen Elizabeth, by whom the castle 
of Arkin was erected on the site of O’Bri- 
en’s fortress. In A.D. 1685, on the Com- 
position then effected, all the patents of 
Iar-Connanught were eranted to be held as 
of “the Queen’s manor or castle of Ar- 
kyne.” In two vears after this, the islands 
of Aran were granted by letters patent to 
John Rawson, who, in an instrument dated 
sth June, A.D. 1594. inrolled in the Rolls’ 
Otfice, Dublin, is called * an industrious 
discoverer of lands tor the Qluecn.” Arkin 
was considerably fortified in the time of 
The 


mundation mentioned by our author, is 


Cromwell, but ito is mow in ruins. 


still spoken of in the island. 


79 


King James, were held; in place whereof, now stands a cittadell, in 
the usurper Cromwell’s time erected. This island was inhabited by 
infidells out of Corcomroe’, the next adjacent countrey in the county 
of Clare, when St. Enna got it (by the donation of Engus King of 
Munster), Anno Christi circiter 480 (War. Antig. p. 249), who 
there laid the first foundation of piety, and sowed that small grain 
of mustard-seed (Math. 13, 31) which so increased, that this island 
was called Ara Sanctorum. Whereunto may be applyed the pro- 
phecy of Isaias: “In cubilibus in quibus prius habitabant dracones 
orietur viror calami et junci, et erit ibi semita et via, et via sancta vo- 
cabitur.”—( Isai. 35, 7.) The author of Saint Kieran, first abbot of 
Cluinmacnois, Anno 549 deceased, his life, thus expresseth the in- 
finit number of saints in that island in his own time: “In qua mul- 
titudo sanctorum virorum manet, et inumerabiles sancti, omnibus 
incogniti nisi soli Deo omnipotenti, ibi jacent.” The like expression 
is to be found in St. Albeus, bishiop of Imly, his life, thus: “ Magna 
est illa insula, et est terra sanctorum; quia nemo scit numerum 
sanctorum qui sepulti sunt ibi, nisi solus Deus.” 

St. Enna’, son of Conall Dearg, of the noble Orgiellian family in 
Ulster, and brother-in-law, by his sister, to King Engus of Munster 
aforesaid, followed the evangellical precept of forsaking a rich patri- 
mony for Christ, and his merits brought him to be abbot beyond 
seas in Italy, before he came with one hundred and fifty religious 

persons 


* Infidells out of Corcomroe.—See ante, 
p. 65, note. These infidels were headed 
by a leader named Corbanus, for a curious 
account of whom, see Colgan’s Acta SS. 
p- 707, Cc. XV, XVI. 

> St. Enna.—In Irish, @mne ; in Latin, 
Endeus. The first abbot of Aran. See 


his life in Colgan’s Acta SS. p. 704, et 


deinceps. This holy man was prince of 
Orgial, or Oriel, Oipgialla, a district 
which, in his time, comprehended the pre- 
sent counties of Louth, Monaghan, and 
Armagh ; but he abandoned all for a re- 
ligious life in Aran, where, and in I[ar- 
Connaught, his memory is held, to the 
present day, in the highest veneration. 


80 


persons to Aran, where he lived to his decrepit age, upwards of fifty- 
eight years, for St. Kieran aforesaid, lived nine years under his dis- 
cipline, and left, Anno 538. ( Usser. in Indice Chronolog.) His sue- 
cessors, abbots of Aran, continued, I suppose, to the time of [the] 
suppression of abbeys. The last of whom I find recorded, was 
Donatus O’Leyn, abbot of Aran, Anno Domini 1400. 

The memory of St. Gregory the Great‘, kept in this island, was 
doubtless because [? become] much reverenced of old in Ireland, and 
honoured with the title of golden mouth, as Cumianus writes in his 
letter, Anno circiter 634 ( Usser. loco ut et in Sylloge East. p. 31): “ Ad 
Gregorii Papa, urbis Rome episcopi (a nobis in commune suscepti, 
et oris aurei appellatione donati) verba me converti,” by which name 


he is known to this day in Irish. 


(siraldusCambrensis ( Topogr. Lib. df. a, cap.6) was misinformed‘, 


© St. Gregory the Great.—Previous to 
A. D. 596, when this great Pope sent St. 
Austin to convert the English, he seems 
to have known but little of that people. 
See Bede, Hist. Eccl. B. u. ¢. 1. 


otherwise with respect to the Irish, who 


It was 


had been long betore that time converted to 
Christianity. From the letter of Cummi- 
anus above quoted, there can be no doubt 
that the memory of Pope Gregory was 
“ouch reverenced of old in Ireland,” but 
there is no authority for any direct) or 
Immediate connexion between him and 
our Islands of Aran. We are told above, 
thut his memory was kept in the great 
island; and tradition asserts, that the 
ship-road, or sound between it and middle 
island was called after Aun, “ Gregory's 


sound.” It is, however, much more pro- 


to 


bable, that Gregory’s sound was called 
after St. Ceannannach (Ceannpionnac), 
whose church, on the middle island, see 
described in Archbishop O’Kealy’s list 
(p. 74. note 1.) This latter saint's real 
name, according to tradition, was Gregory ; 
and by that name he is still called in the 
parish of Bullinakill (of which he is patron), 
in Ballinahinch barony. See more of him 
In our author s account of that barony. 

4 Cambrensis was misinformed. —W are 
treats all the relations of Cambrensis above 
alluded to as fabulous: “ Sed audi porrd 
fabulosam = relationem de hac Insula ex 
Giraldi Cambrensis topogr.”—Antig. cap. 
xxviil. Ledwich, who undertook to de 
fend Cambrensis, has not even once alluded 
to these fables about Aran. He asks, who 
are Cambrensis’ accusers? and answers his 


81 


to say that St. Brendan was the chiefe patron of this island (St. Bren- 
dan visited St. Enna” here once, passing to Kerry; and, another 
time, on his second adventure of navigation on the ocean). And 
that humane carcasses need no buriall in it, as free from putre- 
faction ; which last was attributed to Inisgluaire’ on the sea of Irros- 


own question thus: “ Richard Stanihurst, 
John Lynch, and Abbe M‘Geoghegan, 
and other Roman Catholic writers who 
detested the English name and nation, 
and who esteemed it the cruellest dispen- 
sation of Providence to be subject to 
them.”— Antig. p. 367. Great wits are 
said to have short memories. The Doctor 
here forgot that Cambrensis was himself 
one of the same class. Akin to Cambren- 
sis’s account of the dead in Aran, was his 
description of the living in the island of 
Monaincha, in Tipperary; thus rendered of 
old into “the comen Englyshe tonge,” by 
the learned “ Authour of The Mirroure and 
Description of the Worlde:” “ There is an 
other ile wherein noe man may die in nve 
time of the worlde; but when they bene 
so oulde and feable that ther members 
faile and ake and live with gret paine, 
that they may not helpe ne sustaine them- 
selffe, and that they had lever die then 
leve, they doe then (desire) to be borne 
in to an other ile, and over the water, for 
to die: and treas that bene in this ile 
kepe ther leves grene, and verdure all 
times of the yeare, winter and somer.”— 
MS. in Lib. Trin. Coll. Dub. E. 3, 8. Led- 
wich assures his readers, that the passage 
just quoted, must be understood ‘in a 
IRISH ARCH. SOC. NO. IS. 


M 


downan, 


refined and spiritual sense.”—Antig. p. 
115. 

© St. Brendan visited St. Enna.—See 
Primord. p. 963, for the first visit here 
alluded to. The second took place before 
St. Brendan set out on his ‘“‘seven years” 
adventurous, and to this day, mysterious 
voyage ; on which occasion, as related in 
his acts, he received the benediction of St. 
Enna; but that must have been long be- 
fore A. D. 545, the time assigned by Col- 
gan (Ind. Chron.), as observed by Dr. 
Lanigan, vol. ii. p. 35- Although this 
celebrated “ navigation” of St. Brendan is 
one of the most curious facts of Irish his- 
tory, yet it is more than probable, that 
it never will be satisfactorily explained. 
Lanigan (loc. cit.) seems to think that the 
Saint reached some part of America. 

£ Inisgluatre.—This island, now gene- 
rally called Inisglory, lies in the ocean, 
about a mile west of the village of Cross, 
within the Mullet, in the parish of Kil- 
more, and barony of Erris, county of 
Mayo. In Mr. Knight’s map of Erris, 
the ruins of an abbey are given at Cross, 
called Mainypeip na cpoire. The Book 
of Ballymote, fo. 140, and Ogyg. p. 291, 
mention the fabulous properties attri- 


buted to Inisglory, which have been above 


82 


downan, and there itself it is by experience found false. But what 
he alledges, that it did not breed rats, and that by chance, thither 
transported, they immediately dyed, I believe was truc in his time; 
for that is the nature of all the rest of the territorie, except the dis- 
tricts of Galway town. It was held an ominous presage of the fol- 
lowing alteration, that rats® frequented Moycullin for one year, 
ending in Lent, 1653, at which time they all parted in one night, 
after devouring a carcass of mutton to the bones. About the same 
time they infested the castle of Bunowan for two years, till it was 
all burnt, 31st January, 165%. In Irish they are still called French 
mice, for there was a time when they were no where in Ireland. 
Near the castle of Arkin was St. Enna’s church, and an abbey of 
Saint Francis’, both demolished for building the cittadell with their 
stones. Soe all-devouring time : 


" Diruit, wditicat, mutat quadrata rutundis.” 


Not 


On this little 
island are to be seen the ruims of four 


disposed of by our author. and in a short time eat up all the corn in 


the island.” p. 14. These luéa Pnancaca, 


of those primitive stone houses called 


Cloghans (see nute ", p. 68, ante) nearly of 


a bee-hive form, and three small churches, 
the oldest of which is dedicated to St. 
Brendan, the patron of the island; the 
other two are not ancient. That near St. 
Brendan’s is called Ceampull na b-peap, 


the church of the men; and the other, 


Ceampull na m-ban, or the church of 


Near the latter is a well de- 
dicated to the saint. 


the Women. 


& Ratez—The migratory habits of these 


animals are well known. Martin, in his 


Deseription of the Western Islands of 


Scotland, states that “a swarm of rats, but 
none knows how, came into Rona (isle), 


or French mice, as they are still called, are 
now unhappily to be found in ‘all the ter- 
ritoric” of lar-Connaught; which, it seems, 
was exempt from them in the days of our 
author. See p. IO, note *. Pococke, in his 
Tour, referred to p. 72, note’, ante, says of 
the island of Inisglory, mentioned in the 
last preceding note: * They say no rat or 
mouse will live in it, and go so far as to 
aflirm, that if they bring the earth and 
shake it in a rick of corn, none of these 
See the 
Additional Notes for a curious communi- 


vermin will touch it.”—p. 59. 


cation on this subject. 
b Abhey of St. Francis.—Ware states, 
vol. L p. 280, that this abbey was erected 


83 


Not far from thence, to the east, remains a small chappell of St. 
Enna, wherein Sir Morogh O’Flaherty' of Bunowan was buried, 
Anno D. 1666. The outside of this chappell, north-east, is the 
church-yard, where antiently were 120 graves of saints, in one of 
which St. Enna was buried, where the stone laid over him is as yet 
to be seen, together with diverse other tomb-stones’ still extant. 
Here numerous saints interred (as in other parts of the island) rest 
in peace, till the day of generall resurrection. 

There is, on the east side of this island, Portdoibhche’*, i. e. 
Portus-Doly, mentioned in St. Enn’s life (cap. 16), now corruptly 
Port-eiche; and in each of the two other islands is Trach-na-neach, 
or Tract-each, i. e. the Horse’s-shore', situated as in his life (cap. 15). 


in A.D. 1485, but does not mention by 
whom. It was probably founded by the 
O’Briens, who were then the possessors of 
these islands. 

i Sir Morogh O’ Flaherty.—In his life- 
time better known by the name of Morogh 
na Mart, or Morogh of the Beeves. He 
was, in his day, the most powerful of the 
western O’Flaherties. His principal re- 
sidence was the castle of Bunowen, of 
which more hereafter. According to tra- 
dition, he was knighted by the Earl of 
Strafford, Lord Deputy of Ireland, who is 
said to have visited Iar-Connaught about 
A. D. 1637, and is still remembered there 
by the name of “ Black Tom.” Tradition 
further relates, that when the Lord Deputy 
arrived at Bunowen, he was informed that 
O'Flaherty was absent on an expedition 
against his enemies of Galway; that the 
Lord Deputy hearing this, patiently await- 


But 


ed his return; and was then received with 
all the rude profusion of Irish hospitality ; 
and that his Lordship thereupon knighted 
Morogh na Mart, but soon after robbed 
him of all his property. Such is the tra- 
dition; which further adds, that the sole 
object of “ Black Tom’s” visit to Cona- 
mara was to obtain a knowledge of the 
vast possessions of O'Flaherty. It is 
curious to observe, how ingeniously some 
truth and much fable are blended toge- 
ther in this story, as will appear in the 
sequel. 

j Tomb-stones. — These tombstones are 
now buried in the sand. 

k Portdoibhche.—In Irish, Pope Oaib- 
ce, Portus Dol, or the port of the 
large vessel or hogshead; so called from 
a wild fable related in the life of St. 
Enna, which see in Colgan, p. 707, c. xvi. 

' Horse’s shore.—In Irish, Cn na 


M 2 


84 


But Leamhchoill (cap. 14), where he is said to have first arrived in 
the north side of the island, should be Ochoill; for Leamchoill is 
in the west continent, whence is a ferry-port into the island, and 
Ochoill in the island, on the north side thereof, hath a port for boats 
to arrive, named from Ochoill; and another called Port Caradoc, 
from St. Caradoc Garbh, to whom Kall-na-manach church in the 
island is dedicated. Near this port is the Poole of Lough-na-kean- 
anne, Whereof mention is made im St. Enna’s Life (cap. tg, col. 2). 
There is but a straight ship-road between St. Gregorie’s Sound, on 
the east of this island, and Tract-eaech, or the Horse's shore on the 


midle island. 


But before Igoe further, I reflect upon an old saying I often 


heard, thus: 


This 


hame yet exists, but is corruptly pre- 


n-eac, the horse's track or shore. 
nounced Trazhteagh. For its origin, see 
Colvan, doe. alt. citat. ch. xv. Where the si- 
tuation of the shores above alluded = to 
The 


other places on the islands and west cone 


will be found accurately deseribed. 


tinent mentioned above, are Leamhchoill, 
se op. 64. note 4 where Leamhehoill is 
mentioned as being on the island ot Ga- 


rommna, above called © the west continent.” 


The Leambhehoill mentioned in the Lite of 


St. Enna, is the place on the great island 
ealled Ochuilk where the great stone, " la- 
pidem grandem,” on which he sailed froin 
(raromna isle to Aran! as still shewn, 
about haltra mile north-west of Cromwell's 
fort. 
called the currach stone, trom carach, a 


It is a huge, rough reck, and is 


beat. Fort Caradoe.—Now Port Couroogh. 


s Athenry” was, Galway is, Aran shall be the best of 


the 


See No. 8, in the list of the churches of 
Aran, given note (*), p. 74, ante, for Kill- 
na manach chureh, dedicated to St. Cara- 
doc. A village in Kilmurvy townland is 
still ealled after him Courvogh, Coba- 
pubac, q.d. Caradoc uogh. Lough na 
Ceanainne.—This is the pool or luke, 
ealled in the Life of St. Enna, "' Stagnum 


a] 


na Ceanainne,” and it is still known by 


the same name. The tide now mixes 
with it. 

™ Athenry.—In Irish, Me na Riog ; in 
English, the Ford of the Kings. This 
was the orizinal name of a ford, or stream- 
let, on the western boundary of Hy-Many, 
in the present county of Galway, the prin- 
cipality of the great family of O’Kelly. 
See Mr. (Donovan's © Tribes and Cus- 
toms of Hy-Many,” published by the 
Archwoulogical Society, LD. 1843. It 


the three.” 


85 
Which may be interpreted that Athenry was the crea- 


tion of a baron, and afterward the creation of a viscount of Galway 


was at this point the three following an- 
cient territories met, viz., Aidhne, the 
country of O’Heyne and O’Shaughnessy, 
Hy-Many, and Hy-Briuin Seola, now the 
barony of Clare, originally the country 
of O'Flaherty. The castle and town 
afterwards built at this ford of ac na 
Roig, were named from it Ath-en-ry; or 
as written in the oldest Anglo-Norman 
records, Anry. Camden supposed that 
this was the Auteri of Ptolemy; see Gib- 
son’s Ed. vol. i. 1831; but if that great 
antiquary had been acquainted with the 
frish language, he could not have advanced 
that supposition. Some fancy that the 
castle here was built by King John; but 
it is well known that he never crossed the 
Shannon. It was erected by the Anglo- 
Norman barons, about A. D. 1238, among 
whom were the Berminghams, who after- 
wards possessed the castle, and became 
barons of Athenry. In A.D. 1316, a 
fatal battle was fought here between the 
Irish and English, in which the former 
were defeated with great slaughter. This 
battle, which led to the entire subjuga- 
tion of the western Irish, is described by 
the Four Masters at that year; and also 
by Conly Macgeoghegan, in his translation 
of the Annals of Clonmacnoise.—MS. Lib. 
Trin. Coll. Dub. E. 3, 8. 

For an ‘‘old saying” similar to that 
above quoted, see Stunihurst in his “‘ De- 


Was 


scription of Ireland,” written A.D. 1576, 
and printed in Holinshed, vol. vi. Lond. 
1808, p. 30, where, describing Drogheda, 
he says: “ There runneth a blind pro- 
phesie on this towne, that Rosse was, 
Dublin is, Drogheda shall be the best of the 
three.” It is amusing to see how gravely 
our learned author explains this “ blind 
prophesie,” which was evidently bor- 
rowed from Stanihurst, and applied to 
the above localities, as it was to many 
other places in Ireland. It is stated, that 
““ Athenry was the creation ofa baron,” by 
which our author meant, that the place 
gave that title to the Anglo-Norman fa- 
mily of Birmingham, in Irish called Jfac 
Feorais. This ancient barony is supposed to 
have been held by tenure, and not by crea- 
tion. It is now in abeyance, but may yet 
occupy the attention of the House of Lords. 
The last claimant for the title, Edward 
Bermingham, Esq., spent his life and for- 
tune in pursuit of it, and died in indi- 
gence, leaving it undecided. A treatise on 
the extinct and dormant peerages of Ire- 
land, and the successful and disappointed 
claimantsof Irish titles, including, ofcourse, 
the celebrated and romantic Annesley case, 
would prove a most interesting and instruc- 
tive piece of Irish history. One of the few 
successful claims of this nature, made of 
late years in Ireland, was that of the Netter- 
ville peerage, established by the Editor, in 


86 


was conferred on Rickard Earl of Clanrickard, extinct with his son 
the late lord marquis, and now Aran hath the creation of an earl. 
The midle island of Aran containes eight quarters of land, where 
there is the like old fortification’ as in the great island, named from 
Connor Mac IIuathmor, brother to Engus of Dun-Engus, as the 
tradition goes. Hallowed places in the isle are, our Blessed Lady's 
chappell ; St. Kenanack his chappell ; a hallowed place, called Atharla 
Kenerge; and the chappell of Seactmicrigh, or the seven sons of 


a king. 


rabbets. 


Tradition goes, that St. Kenanack was a king of Leinster's 
son, and Kenerg, a king of Leinster's daughter. 
in a rock, and never becomes drie. 


Her well? is there 
In this island is a great deal of 


IIence eastward, to Tract-each, in the third island, is 


another streight ship-road, called Bealagh-na-fearbag. 
The third island of Aran, Inisoirthir’, or the Eastern Isle, soe 


the person of the present Right Honour- 
able Lord Viscount Netterville, A.D. 1834. 
2 (Md fortification.—For this and the 


® mentioned above, see 


* hallowed places 
the lists of the Pagan and Christian remains 
on those islands of Aran, pp. 74, and 76, 
Instead of 


referring to tradition for Jan Conchabh- 


ante; also Ogvyia, pp. 175. 6. 


air, as in the above passage, our author 
might have quoted the authority of the 
Book of Lecan. 


of ancient and authentic records relating 


That valuable collection 


to Ireland, is now in the possession of the 
Royal Irish Academy. 

° Her well— This is a beautiful spring, 
and is still called Cobap na Cindinge, or 
St. Kenerg’s well. Bealagh na fear boy, 
—in Irish, bealac na Feapbac, the foul 


called 


sound mentioned above, will be found no- 
ticed in the sequel. 

P Inisoirthir—\mp Ormip. It is now ge- 
nerally called the South Island, and is di- 
vided into four Carrows or quarters, which 
are known by the following names: Car- 
row druim Arlamain, Carrow Castle, Car- 
row an locha (so called from a lake there 
named Loughmore ), and Carrow an phoil- 
lin. In A. D. 1717. April 17, Edmond Fitz- 
patrick demised the whole island of Inis- 
heer to Andrew French, of Galway, mer- 
chant, fur thirty-one vears, at the yearly 
rent of £100; with liberty to cut and 
carry away as much fafch from Straw 
Island (Oileán a cúise) and Bunacosh in 
the Great Island, as should be necessary 
for the houses then. or thereafter to be 


87 


called of its situation from the two other, contains four quarters of 
land, with a castle on a height. This island was also called of old 
Ara-Coemhan, of Saint Coeman‘ of the antient Dal-Messincorb 


built, on Inisheer. On 26th February, 
A.D. 1754, John Digby demised Inis- 
heer to William M‘Namara, of Doolen, 
County of Clare, for a like term, at £90 
yearly.—Orig. Leases. The ‘‘ castle on a 
height” in this island, is O’Brien’s castle, 
now in ruins. It is said to have been 
built by them in the fourteenth century ; 
but was broken down, in A. D. 1652, by 
the Parliamentary forces. 

The lake called Loughmore in this 
South or Small Island of Aran, if opened, 
would form one of the finest harbours in 
Her Majesty's dominions ; vessels would 
be as safe in it as in any dock. It lies at 
the mouth of the South Sound, which 1s 
the best entrance into the bay of Galway; 
and vessels could reach it at all times. 
The distance from this lake to the sea is 
not more than 300 or 400 yards, at an 
elevation of sixteen or eighteen feet ; and 
the harbour would accommodate 500 
ships of any size; it would at least ac- 
commodate as many as could ever be ex- 
pected to come to it. In the passage to 
America, it would be the most conve- 
nient harbour on the western coast of 
Ireland. See, in the Report of the Select 
Committee on Public Works (Ireland), 
A.D. 1835, the evidence of M. O'Malley, 
Esq., Q. 3287-3297. This alone ought to 
ensure a preference for Galway, as a 


family, 


western packet station, beyond any other 
part of the coast of Ireland. 

9 Saint Coeman.— Brother to the ce- 
lebrated St. Kevin (Coemgene) of Glen- 
dalough, in the present County of Wick- 
low; and born of parents of the first rank 
in Leinster, about the close of the fifth 
century. St. Coemhan is the most famous 
of the saints of Aran. He is believed to 
have often abated storms, and dissipated 
mists, after having been piously invoked. 
It happened not long since, that a native of 
Iniseere, and two of his sons, were fish- 
ing off the island; a violent storm sud- 
denly arose, and the father and one of the 
sons were blown out of the boat and 
drowned. The other son, who always 
had a particular veneration for St. Coem- 
han, cried out, O! a Choemann ca b-puil 
cu? “QO! Coeman, where art thou?” and 
the storm immediately subsided. 

For an account of the ancient Dal 
Missincorb family of Leinster, see Ogygia, 
p. 293, and Oyygia Vindicated, p.219. The 
saint’s church is enumerated among those 
of this island, in the list contained in note 
x, p-75- His festival, which, in the time 
of our author, was celebrated on the 3rd 
of November, is now held on the 14th of 
June. His tomb or grave mentioned 
above, is near the church, but is now al- 
most covered with sand. 


88 


family, descended of the kings of Leinster, brother to St. Coemgin, 
Abbot of Glindalogh, and likely disciple to St. Enna, as his brother 


was. 


Ie lies buried in this island, on the north side of the church 


dedicated to his name; where he is worshipped the 3rd of November. 
There is a marble stone over his tomb, with a square wall built 
about it, on a plain green field in prospect of the sea, where sick 
people used to lye over night’, and recover health of God, for his 


Lye over niyht.—This is still the cus- 
tom here, and cures are said to be fre- 
quently pertormed. ‘The grave, or, as it 
is now more generally called, the bed, or 
place of rest, is believed to have the mi- 
raculous power of adapting itself to the 
size of every person who lies in it. Pity, 
as the lively French traveller Latocnaye 
might here exelaim, that the bed of Pro- 
erustes had not the same accommodating 
quality! Among the cures said fo hare been 


performed, may be classed the following 
* EXTRAORDINARY CURE AT ST. AUGUSTINE'S 
WELL, NEAR GALWAY, ANNO 1073. 


" Examinations of withnesses tacken, 
the 
under written persons, both of the clergie 


eworne, and examined betFore us 
and Jaytie of the towne of Gallway, about 
an ertraordinarie Aelivery, and speedy 
amendment happened to Patricke Lyneche, 
sonne to Patrick Lyneche Fitz-Maurice of 
Gallway, merchant, and Redise Lyneh, at 
St. Augustin’s well, neare Gallway, on St. 
Barnabie’s day lust, being the sith of 
June, 1673. 

*Patricke Lynch of Gallway, youth, 


sake. 


adged fourtine yeares or thereabout, being 
examined, voluntarily deposed uppon the 
holly Evangelists, that hee was visited 
with a most grivous, desperat, and dan- 
gerus disease, and given over by all doc- 
tors to be incurable, and could not eate 
one bite since Ester last, and what little 
sustenance of milke hee would take hee 
presently wometted the same, soe as all 
things were prepared for his death, and 
no humane hopes of his recovery, and 
Was, in that maner, like a deade body, 
brought to St. Augustine's well as affor- 
said, on the rith day instant, and there 
was totally diped in the said well, having 
no fileing thereof, and being brought upp 
was wraped by Mary Burke into a wollin 
plaide, where hee slumbered about a quar- 
ter of an hover, untill his mother wocked 
and stired him, and there wept, and 
yrivously blamed his mother for stiring 
him, having seene fo dom, that hee sawe 
Our Lord Jesus Christ and his blessed 
mother, and a multitude of brave winged 
birdes, and desired his mother to bring 
hima cupe of water out of the well, and 
thereof drunke three draughts, in the 


sake. 


89 


I have seen one grieviously tormented by a thorn thrust into 


his eye, who by lying soe in St. Coeman’s burying place, had it mi- 


name of the Father, and of the Sonne, and 
of the Holly Gost, and there got upp of 
himselfe, and walked about the well, and 
tould his mother then, that hee was ad- 
vised , to visit the well neine dayes, and to 
drinke thereof three tymes in etech day, 
and that he would doe well, and douth 
continue since to observe the same dayly, 
and since is cured of the womitting dis- 
ease, and douth eath and drinke ever 
since with a great apetit and deseire, and 
douth slipe well, and is allwayes since 
uppon the mending hand, the Eternall 
God bee glorified, and praised for the 
same for ever. 

“ Redise Lynch mother to the affore- 
said examined, voluntarily deposed uppon 
the Holly Evangelists, that the contentes 
of the above examination of her sonne the 
said Patricke Lynch is true, to all in- 
tentes and purposes, and was present with 
him at St. Augustin’s well, when he was 
, delivered and amended from his disease 
as afforesaid, being formerlly past all hu- 
mane cure, as the doctours tould this de- 
ponent, and dayly redie to dey in her 
oppinion, and is since uppon the mending 
hand. 

“ Mary Burke adged fifty years or 
thereabouts, being examined, voluntarily 
deposed uppon the holly Evangelists, that 
shee was along with the said Patricke 
Lynch at the afforesaid well, and at the 

IRISH ARCH. SOC. I§. 


N 


raculously 


tyme afforesaid, and that the contents of 
the former examinations is true, and sawe 
and observed the same. 

“ Patricke Lynch fitz-Marcus, father to 
the said youth Patricke Lynch, being ex- 
amined voluntarielly deposed uppon the 
holly Evangelists, that he gave his said 
sonne for lost, and that all the phisicians 
that visited him did give the same oppinion 
of him, and to that purpose prepared a 
coffin, and all other necessary for his 
death, and that ever since his beeing at the 
afforesaid well, hee observed hee eates and 
drinke, slipes, walke upp and downe, and 
at the mending hande.—Gallway the 23rd 
of June, 1673. 

“MATTHEw Lyncg, Warden of 
Gallway. 

“Fr. WILLIAM BoUREE, Prior 
Ord. Pred. 

“Fr, JAMES BuakeE, S. Theol. 
lector, ord. S. Fran“. 

“ Fr. DoMNICKE LYNCH. 

“ Fr. DOMINICKE MARTIN, Prior 
of S. Augustin. 

“Fr. EowARp BopKINE, Aug™. 

“ Fr. MARTINU8 FRENCH, Aug”. 

“é PATRICEE MARTINE. 

“ ANTH. FFRENCH. 

“ RICHARD MARTIN. 

“ MAgcus LyYncu.” 

The foregoing document has been tran- 
scribed from the original, preserved in St. 


go 


raculously taken out, without the least feeling of the patient; the 
marke whereof, in the corner of his eye, still remaines. 

As this Coeman gave the name of Ara Coemhan to the island, 
so he. from the island, is called Coeman-airne, i.e. Coeman of Aran. 
For Ara (signifying a kidney), the common name of the three islands, 
in the nominative, is Airne, or Arann in the genitive of the Irish ; 
whence father Colganus (26 Jfur. p. 750) thought Airne a distinct 
name of one of the islands. 

There is another St. Coeman, disciple of St. Patrick, abbot of 
Ardcveman or Airdnecoeman abby (in. 12 in Colgan. in Vita 7™ 
AS. Patr. par. n. cap. 54), near Wexford, wherein his feast is cele- 
brated the iath of June (Jbid. p. 177, num. 88). This likeness of 
the names of Airdncoeman and Coeman-airne, and other circum- 
stances, induced father Colganus’ (Jbud/. prope jinem) to believe 
Coeman of Ardnecoeman, and Coeman-.Airne were the same person, 


Auyustine’s convent, Galway. The words 
“an extraordinarie,” in italies, were in- 
serted in place of “a miraculous,” evi- 
dently before the paper Was attested ; 
* enwre was displaced for * amendment,” 


At the 


first caret, after the word “ advised,” the 


and oc arias? for “to him.” 
words én Ada ciation” were expunged 5 at 
the second earet, after "as? the word 
.* muraculonaly” likewise Uppears expunyed, 
and ctamended,”? immediately following 
Hy Was inserted in place of ‘+ ewred.” 
These significant. alterations shew, that 
however anxious the friends of the youth, 
and perhaps others, were, that the cure 
should be considered miraculous; or how- 
ever convinced they might have been that 
it really was so, yet the attesting parties 


and 
The 


‘amendinent? may be attributed to hy- 
dri pathy, 1.6. cure by cold water. 

> Father Colganus. — The published 
works of this learned and laborious com- 
piler of the lives of our national saints, 
so frequently referred to by our author, 
viz., the * Acta Sanctorum Hibernia,” and 
* Triadis Thaumaturgw, Ac. Acta,” are 
now seldom found except in public Lbra- 
ries. His unpublished works, mentioned 
in Hurris’s Ware, vol ii. p. 141, are, as 
| am assured by a respectable member 
of his order, at present preserved in the 
Irish College at Rome. “They may be 
classed among the most important docu- 


were of a very different opinion. 


ments connected with the ancient history 
of Ireland. 


91 


and worshipped the 12th June (Colg. 12 Mar. p. 586, num. 6. Item 
21 Mar. p. 715, prope finem). But it appears by an old author, 
Engus-kele-de, quoted by fa. Colganus (12 Mar. p. 586, num. 4, 5, 6), 
that Coeman-Airne was brother to St. Coemgin; and elsewhere 
(supra, p.177, num. 88, Vite 7™* S. Patr.), that Coeman, St. Coem- 
gin his brother, is worshiped the 3rd November. It is another mis- 
take of father Colganus (21 Mar. p. 714, 715, cap. 7) to write, that 
Ard-Olen was the same with this island, for Ard-Olen lyes as else- 
where he hath (20 Jan. p. 135, cap. 22, and p. 141, num. 13), 
of which hereafter. Neither is the most eastern the chiefest' of 
the three isles, as he tooke it (21 Afar. p. 714, cap. 7), but rather 
the smallest, wherein, besides St. Coeman’s church, is a chappell of 
St. Gobnat, V[irgin], worshipped 11th of February; and another of 


St. Paul. 


On the south-east side of this island, is a great rock in the sea, 
remarkable for ship wracks, called Finnis"; which gave the name of 


t Neither is the most eastern the chief- 
est.—Colgan, p. 714, col. a, has unac- 
countably mistaken this castern island, 
which is the smallest of the three islands, 
for Aranmore, which is the largest and 
most westerly of them. It is probable, 
that he was led into the mistake by some 
Incorrect map, in which these islands were 
either misplaced, or their position reversed ; 
and that to the same cause may beattributed 
his mistake about Ardoilen, which occurs 
in the same place. See p. 76, note X, ante. 
Before Colgan’s time the maps of Ireland 
were grossly inaccurate. In some of them 
this east Island of Aran is set down as the 
largest. In the government map, headed, 


Bealagh- 


“ Hibernia, insula, non procul ab Anglia, 
wlgare Hirlandia vocata, 1567,” published 
with the State Papers, London, 1834, 
vol. ii, the middle island appears the 
greatest. 

u Finnis.—This rock is described by 
Mr. Nimmo in his Piloting Directions, 
p. 167, 6, as being “ above a quarter of a 
mile from the shore, dry with spring tides 
only.” Headds, “ On the north-west part 
of Inishere, in Foul Sound, a rocky ledge 
extends one-third over, having six feet 
water upon it.” Bealagh-na-Finnis, men- 
tioned above, means the way or sound of 
the Finnis rock; but it is now always 
called the South Sound. 


N 2 


92 


Bealagh-na-finnis to the ship road between this island and the county 
of Clare. All the ships bound íor or from Galway, must saile by 
the isles of Aran, in either of the four roads, viz., Bealagh-Lougha 
Lurgan" (so called of old, Lough Lurgan, de gue p. 26) between the 
west continent and the great island. Bealagh-na-haite (so called of 
Binnaite, the next land over it in the great island), between the great 
island and the midle island. —Bealagh na-fearboy, so called of the 
land next it in the middle island and the east island. And, Bealagh- 
na-finnis, between that and the county of Clare. Taving thus sur- 
veyed the three isles of Aran, as in a sea parenthesis, I will hence 
steere my course from the cape of Golam-head (the furthest point 
this side the west continent—of the west continent I touched) to 


the barony of Balinahinsy. 


The barony of Balynahinsy” (known in Irish by the name of 


v Bealagh-Lougha Lurgan,.—I In Trish 
Healac loca Gupgan, the way or sound 
of Lough Lurgan. We have seen betore, 
p. 42. that Lough Lurgan was the ancient 
name of the bay of Galway. This sound 
is always so called in Irish; but in 
English it is generally called the North 
Sound, and is the entrance to Galway 
bay by the Skird rocks—See Nimmo’s 
The other 
sounds or passages mentioned above are, 


Piloting Direetions, p. 168. 


Bealagh-na-haite. — 6ealac na h-aice, 
now always called Gregory's Sound. — It 
takes its name from Binn Aite, an elevated 
part of the Great Island in the townland 
of Killeany.—See Nimmo, p.1697. Bealagh- 
na-fearboy.—In Trish, Bealuc na Feap- 


bac, or the Foul Sound. So called) from 


Conmhaicne- 


Feapbac, a part of the Middle Island 
verging on it. Bealagh-na-Finnis.— In 
Irish, Óealac na Finnipe. See the last 
This South Sound * is between 
Dunmactelin in the county of Clare and 
Inishere Island.’—Vimmo, p. 168, ó. 

“ Balynahinay.—Vn Irish, Óaile na 
h-Injpt, the town or bally of the island, 
This barony, which was the ancient dis- 
triet of Conmuicne-mara (now Anzlicised 
Connamara), was created in A.D. 1585; and 
took its name from a well-known castle 
in the district, belonging to the western 
OM Flaherties, See, in the Appendix, the 
composition entered into in that year, for 
Jur-Connaught. 


note 4%, 


This barony was for a 
long period divided into the two half 
baronies of Balinahineh, viz., north and 


93 


Conmhaicne-mara, i.e. the Sea Conmacny, to distinguish from Con- 
macny-rein), containing Angaly in the county of Longford, and 


south (called also the two Connamaras), 
which were separated by the Owinglin 
river, that falls into the harbour of Ard- 
bear. The record in the British Museum, 
dated A. D. 1586, before referred to, p. 44, 
note 8, describes this barony as follows: 
“ The barony of Ballenehence, conteyning 
the it Conymares, vil myles long and vi 
broad; and is, after like rate, plowlands 
five. Murrogh ne doo O’flarty chief in 
the same.—Parishes (4) Vicar. of Balli- 
nekilly— Vicar. of Ballindoyne—Vicar. of 
Omeya—Vicar. of Maicrus.— Gentlemen 
and their castles, viz. Donell Ecowga, 
Ballenehense ; Edmund Oflairte, Kyllin- 
downe; Edmund MF. Hugh, A new Castle; 
Ochaghy of Lettermellan; Donell Ecowga, 
Bonowyn; Tege ne Buly of Arddearee ; 
Miles M°.Tibbot, Reynivylie.—Castles 7.” 
—Titus, B. xiii. 

For the other ancient territories called 
Conmhaicne, mentioned above by our 
author, see his Ogyg. p. 275. Antiqua- 
ries further relate, that “ Fionnchaomh, 
son of Cosgrach, descended from Conmac, 
had for his inheritance the territories of 
Conmaiene Cuile-tola, and Conmaicne-ma- 
ra; that his son Caireach was the first of 
his line who embraced the Christian faith, 
and that he was baptized, with all his re- 
tinue, at Tarach, by St. Patrick, whom 
he invited into his country to propagate 
the faith there.” For this, see O’Ferall’s 


Munter- 


Linea Antiqua, or Book of Irish Gene- 
alogies, preserved in the Office of Arms, 
Dublin. O’Cadhla (O’Kealy) was after- 
wards chief of Conmhaicne-mara. It is 
written, that from hence, a body of troops, 
under Carnen their chief, joined the stand- 
ard of Brien Borumha, and fought at 
Clontarf, A.D. 1014. The Four Masters 
relate, that in A. D. 1139, Aodh (Lfugh) 
O’Cadhla was lord of Conmacne-mara ; 
and O’Dugan records, in his Metrical 'To- 
pography, compiled about A.D. 1350, that 
O’Cadhla was the chieftain at the time of 
the Anglo-Norman invasion: 
‘6p Conmaicne mapa móin 
O Cadla cana an Comoil.” 
‘* Over Conmacne-mara great, 
Was O’Cadhla, friend of banquets.” 

From O’Dugan, Lynch, in Cambrensis 
Eversus, p. 27, has, “ O’Cadhla 
Quelly in Conmacniamara.” Colgan la- 
tinizes thename Queleus. Doctor O’Kealy, 
R.C. Archb. of Tuam, who, about A. D. 
1645, furnished Colgan with the account 
of the ecclesiastical remains of Aran, be- 
fore referred to, p. 74, note *, was of this 
old family. See the eulogy on that pre- 
late by Lynch in Vita Kirovani, p. 47. 
The Muintir Murchadha, or O’Flaherties 
of Ui Briuin Seola, being driven from the 
plain of Ui Briuin Seola by the Anglo- 
Norman settlers in 1238, proceeded across 
Lough Orbsen, and possessed themselves 


sive 


94 


Munter-Eolais in the county of Leitrim; Conmacny Dunmore, now 
the barony of Dunmore”, in the county of Galway; and Conmacny- 
culy, now Killmayn barony, in the county of Mayo, is divided into 
the south and north half baronys, and, on the cast side, lyes adjacent 
to the barony of Moycullin; washed by the Western Ocean on the 
south-west and north coasts of it, till it mears with the mountaines 
of Joyee Countrey on the north-east. On these coasts ambergreese’ 


of Conmaicne-mara. The O'Cadhlas then 
lost their authority, and disappear from 
history; but the name is still to be found 
among the peasantry in the mountainous 
district of Ross barony 3) and some res- 
pectable gentlemen of the name, though 
not of this race, reside in other parts of 
the country. “The name Agley, in the 
rounty of Waterford, is of another race, 
and is spelt in Irish O'Caella, 

© Punmore.—In Irish, Oún Mop, the 
vreat fort or dun. which gives name to 
the barony of Dunmore, in the county of 
Galway. Here there was a strony fortress of 
the kings of Connaught; and there still re- 
main the ruins ofan extensive castle, said 
traditionally to have been built by Hosdech 
(Hlosty) Mac Membrie, or Mebric (now 
Merrick), one of the Weleh adventurers 
This 
was possessed by the Anglo-Norman Ber- 
In A.D. 
1240. it was burned by the army of the 
the reivn of 


mentioned 1) the sequel, eastle 


Wonehams, barons of Athenry. 


king of Connaught. In 
Queen Elizabeth, the Berminghams being 
Ah nFHus avainst the Queen, Sir Henry 
Sidney, A. 1). 156y, besieged and took the 


castle of Dunmore. It was finally dis- 
mantled in the time of Cromwell 

” Amberyrecse.—(Ambra grisea.) “This 
substance affords another proof of the re- 
sort of whales to that part of the Atlantic 
Ocean off the western shores” of Iar-Con- 
naught,—See p. 12, note", It is now well 
ascertained, that ° Ambergris ir indurated 
fiveal matter, discharged by the sperma- 
ceti tchale, a species of physeter (Physeter 
macrocephalus), H has been found in that 
species of whale, but usually is found float- 
ing on the surface of the ocean, 7 reqions 


Srequented hy whales, sometimes in masses 


of from 60 to 225lbs. weight. In this 
substance are found the beaks of the 
cuttlefish (Sepia moschata), ón which 
that whale is known to feed. It is highly 
valued as a omaterial in perfumery.”— 
Kincue. Sce Bi mites Natural Hist ry, gta, 
Dublin, 1720. p.146, for an account of 
Ambergreese found near Slivo, A.D. 1691; 
and Beale. Nat. Pst. of the Sperm Whale, 
18 3y. It is net to be wondered at, that 
in the time of our author, the poor unin- 
forced natives of lar-Connaught should 
Le Unacquainted with the value of amber- 


95 


is frequently found. In the year 1666, there was a great deal of 
black amber cast ashore every where, and the people, not used to 
the like, knew it not at first, yet they could get ten shillings an 
ounce for it, when people understood what it was. The best is of the 
colour of Castile soap, and worth seventy shillings an ounce. 

Here are some spots of fine arable land, by the sea side, almost 
everywhere; and where that is wanting they work with the spade. 
The countrey is generally commendable for fishing, fowling, and 
hunting. No river there towards the sea, and scarce any smail 
brook, without salmons, white trouts, and eels. Many wast islands 
here, during the summer season, are all covered over with bird eggs, 
far more delicate than those laid by poultry. Here is yearly great 
slaughter made of seales’, about Michaelmas, on wild rocks and 


gris, as above related; when we know, that 
ata later period they were ignorant of 
matters in much more general use. The 
Editor remembers an old gentleman who 
knew the district well, and who used to 
relate a pleasant occurrence which took 
place in it within his own memory. Several 
chests of tea were washed in on the western 
shore, and the inhabitants, not knowing 
“what it was,” tried in various ways to 
ascertain it’s use. One of these was by boil- 
ing it, then pouring away the fragrant li- 
quid, and cooking the leaves for food; but 
finding them in that way rather unpala- 
table, they gave up all further experiments, 
and converted the rich cargo into manure. 
Several other stories are told of the simple 
manners of that primitive people; but I 
have never heard that they mistook the 
use of the French wines, the rum, brandy, 


wast 


and other tupcupca mana, eectamenta 
maris of that kind, so frequently thrown 
on their shores. The present inhabitants 
are as shrewd and intelligent a race as can 
be found in any other part of Ireland. 

2 Slaughter made of seales.—This prac- 
tice has been since discontinued. See 
ante, p. 27, note t. That the seal (Phoca 
vitulina) was formerly used for food along 
the coasts of Ireland, appears from seve- 
ral ancient authorities; among others, 
from the old “ Book of Lismore,” in the 
possession of His Grace the Duke of De- 
vonshire. For the following extract on 
the subject, I am indebted to that ex- 
cellent Irish scholar, Mr. Eugene Curry, 
of Dublin, who has lately transcribed that 
venerable record for the library of the 
Royal Irish Academy: 

“Peache ann cancacan aids co Opigic, 


96 


Many lands here invironed for the most 


wast Islands of the sea. 


part by the sea, are called Irros, with an adjecction to distinguish 


them one from another. 


atiat vaipli cnarboeca, .1. na pect n-ep- 
puic pilec a culng mo ainptean Cans- 
Ip ann rin popcongain Opigic pon 
apaili pean dia muinneip cece bo Cum 
in muna, co n-deapnad iapgac do na 
h-aigeadouib, Céic in pean 7 a mup-ga 
lap, 7 cecmang pon vo, Suid Inn in 
pongaul, 7 ceangluid a céic oi laim. 
Taippngid in pon leir in pean cap in 


ean. 


b-painnce co chais mana Óneacan, cu 
b-pancuib annpin h-é pron canpaic, tap 
m-bnipead na cécu. Ro cuipead ban 
in non pron cular 7 a Fas ann, cu po laa 
mí muin h-e pon pin cndi& ba compoc- 
naib vo Omsic. Oo nacrac, umonno, 
1upcaipeda Opeacun cupac do tapcaipe 
Opizgce, ó po invip a pcela dob ; cuinic 
Lappin cap muin, co b-fuain a pon 1 
cpaig mana Cangean ibup, co puc leir 
co h-avdeuduib Opigce."—* On a cer- 
tain time, there came visitors to S¢ 
Bridget, and they were noble and de 
yout, viz. the seven bishops of Tulla 
in the east of Leinster. Then Bridget 
commanded a certain man of her people 
to go to the sea, and to fish for the vi- 
sitors. ‘The man went forth, carrying his 
sea-spear (mup-ga) and he met a seal. 
He struck the seal-spear (pon-fut) into it, 
The 
seal dragzed the man after him over the 
wa to the shore of Britain, where it left 


him upon a rock, after having broken the 


and tied the rope fast to his arm. 


Between 


rope. The seal was, however, sent back, 
with the spear sticking in him, until he 
was cast by the sea on the part of the 
shore nearest to Bridget. The British 
fishermen gave a curach [leathern canoe] 
to Bridget’s fisherman, when he told them 
his adventure; and he then came over the 
sea, and found his seal on the strand of 
Leinster on the return: and he carried it 
to Bridget’s visitors.”"— Book of Liemore 
fol. §7, a. Transcript, in the Library of the 
Royal Irish Academy, p. 30. 

Rejecting the marvellous part of this 
story, the remainder proves, that in Ire- 
Jund seals were anciently used for food. 
In the west of Scotland, seals and whales 
Were caten, even to a much later period, 
See Martin’s Description of the Western 
Islands, pp. 5, 64:°* The Natives salt the 
Seals with the ashes of burned Sea-ware, 
and say they are good Food; the vulgar 
eat them commonly in the Spring time, 
with a long pointed Stick instead of a 
Fork, to prevent the strong smell which 
their hands would otherwise have for se 
veral Hours after.” Amongst the better- 
fed people of England, seals and porpoises 
were trequently feasted upon in former 
days. See Henry's History, vol. v. Ap- 
pendix vic; but the historian adds, that 
“ Porpoises and seals are seldom seen at 
It is observed, 
that the people of Aran, who wear seal- 


modern entertainments.” 


97 


Between the capes of Golam-head and Mason-head, the ocean, 
breaking into the haven of Cassin, separates the barony of Balyna- 
hinsy from the barony of Moycullin. This coast hath severall banks 
of scollops and oysters, whereunto Inverglassan river, parting both 


barony’s, falls. 


The next land on the west of it is Irrosainhagh, a small coun- 
trey; and therein the lands of St. Kieran’s church and hill, named 
likely from St Kieran of Cluain-M* Nois, St. Ennas’s disciple, wor- 
shipped gth September. Over against Mason-head, southward in the 
same countrey, lies Cruagh mhic Dara’, a small high island and harbour 


? 


skin pumps, or “ pampooties,’’ are never 
afflicted with gout. They affirm, that a 
piece of the skin worn on the person, 
cures and keeps away the cholic. See 
Keogh’s Zoologia Medicinalis Hibernica, 
p- 77; and Martin’s Western Islands of 
Scotland, p. 64, for various virtues attri- 
buted to the flesh, skin, and other parts 
of this animal. 

The several places named above, are 
within the parish of Moyrus, Mag Rup, 
i.e. the plain or field of the point or pro- 
montory. This parish forms the southern 
portion of Conamara, or Balinahinch ba- 
rony. It is bounded on the north-west 
by the parish of Ballindoon; on the north 
by the parish of Ballynakill; on the north- 
east by the barony of Ross; on the east by 
that of Moycullen ; and south and south- 
west by the Atlantic.—lonpur, a border, 
brink, margin, promontory, or head-land. 
The extreme western point of the county of 
Clare is so called. So loppur Oomnan, the 
present barony of Erris, county of Mayo.— 

IRISH ARCH. SOC. I. 


for 


See p. 73, note’. Mason-head, Ceann 
Mapa, the head of the land called Maus 
or Mace.—Inverglassen River, now called 
Incermore. \nbean, Inver, the mouth of 
a river. It divides most of that part of 
Moycullen barony, anciently called Gno- 
more, from the barony of Balinahinch.— 
Irrossinhagh, in Irish, Ippuy Cinbéeac, 
the stormy Irros, as Mr. O'Donovan con- 
jectures in his notes of this parish for 
the Ordnance Survey ; and for which he 
quotes the following passage from an old 
poem in the Leabhar Gabhala, or Book of 
Invasions: ‘* Suisem ponn fone an cncctc, 
ainbteac fuace.” The lands of St. Kie- 
ran’s church.— These lands are situate on 
the south-east of Moyrus parish, and are 
so called from an old church there, Cill 
Chianónn, dedicated to St. Kieran ; near 
which is a holy well, Coban Chiapdin. 

* Cruach mhic Dara.— Literally the 
stack or rick (from its appearance in the 
ocean) of Mac Dara, who is the patron 
saint of Moyrus parish. It is now always 


98 


This island is an inviolable sanctuary, dedicated to Mac 


for ships. 


Dara, a miraculous saint; whose chappell is within it, where his 


culled Odean Mhie Dara, or Mac Dara’s 
island; but in Nimmo’s Piloting Direc- 
tions, p.175, Cruankarra. In terming this 
island ‘‘an inviolable sanctuary,” our au- 
thor does not mean that it was ever ap- 
pointed a sanctuary or asylum, to which 
fugitives might resort for protection, ‘ se- 
des ad quam reus fugiendo proveniens, 
omnimedo habet securitatem” (for in that 
sense all Tar-Connaught has been often 
termed an asylum.—See Stat. Kilkenny, 
p.7, note); but rather that it was a place, 
like the sanctuary of a church, always 
held in the utmost veneration, 

St. Mac Dara is to this day held in the 
ereatest respect by all the seafaring people 
and natives of the western coasts and 
islands. ‘They often name their children 
after him. 
inet with Mac Dara O'Flaherty, Mae Dara 
M:Donough, Mae Dara O’Brien, we. and 


Thus you will frequently 


even their boats bear his mame. To sail 
in the * Mac Dara.’ is considered a yua- 
rantee for personal safety. Tf you want a 
boat, one of the fishermen, perhaps Mac 
Dara M*Donough, will tell you, that his is 
the" Mae Dara, and that in itself he con- 


Nuot- 


withstanding this saints local celebrity, his 


der a sufficient reeommendation. 


name does not appear im any of the Ca- 
lendarsor Martyrologies at present known ; 
but that he flourished at an early period, 


may be concluded frum the antiquity of 


statue 


his church. The remains of this primi- 
tive Irish building are well worthy of 
attention. It is situated near the only 
secure landing place, on the eastern shore 
of the island. Part of the original stone 
roof is still remaining. The entrance, in 
the western gable, is a fine specimen of 
the semi-evelopean doorway. About 100 
yards distance from the church, on the 
north side, there is a square altar, with 
a cross upon it; and near it a holy well, 
dedicated to the saint. 

In this church * his statue of wood for 
many ages stood.” In former times, it was 
usual to preserve in Irish churches, ste- 
tues of their founders or patrons. Sce Hib. 
Dominicana, pp. 273. 344: Cumbrensis 
stutes that, in his time, many such were 
preserved; and at the present day there 
are some remaining. In the small chapel 
of St. Brendan, on the island of Iniswluaire 
(Inisylory ), of the coast of Erris, in the 
county Mayo, the statue of that saint may 
still beseen: and inthe island of Inismurry, 
off the coast of Shiro, the statue of Se. 
Molaise (called by some ridiculers, * Father 
Molash”™), is still, or lately was, preserved, 
in his old stone-roofed chapel there. —Sev 
Archdall’s Monasticon, p. 635; and An- 
derson’s Historical Sketches of the an- 
elent native Irish, Edinburgh, 1828, p. 168. 
The statue of St. Mac Dara remained in his 
church until about 200 years agu, when 


99 


statue of wood for many ages stood, till Malachias Queleus, Arch- 
bishope of Tuam, caused it to be buryed under ground, for special] 
weighty reasons. 

On the shore of this island is the captives’ stone, where women, 
on low water, use to gather duleasg” for a friend’s sake in captivity, 
whereby they believe he will soon get succour by the intercession of 
the saint. Duleasg, or salt-leafe, is a weed growing on sea-rocks, 
and preserved by spreading it on dry stones in fair weather, and 
soon after, when occasion serves, for eating. There is scarce any 


sea shore [where] it grows not. 


The boats that pass between Mason-head and this island, have a 


the Archbishop of Tuam “ caused it to be 
buryed under ground, for speciall weighty 
reasons;” probably to prevent the island- 
ers from asseverating by the saint,as was 
then, and is still practised, on the relics 
of saints, in other places, notwithstanding 
the utmost vigilance of the clergy to pre- 
vent it. Martin, in his Description of the 
Western Islands of Scotland, informs us, 
that in St. Barr’s church, in the isle of 
Kismul, “ The Natives have St. Barra 
Wooden Image standing on the Altar, co- 
vered with Linen in form of a shirt, all 
their greatest Asseverations are by this Saint. 
I came very early in theMorning with an 
Intention to see this Image, but was dis- 
appointed, for the Natives prevented me, 
by carrying it away, lest I might take oc- 
casion to ridicule their superstition, as 
some Protestants have done formerly, and 
when I was gone, it was again exposed on 
the Altar.”"—p. 92. It was probably to 
prevent similar asseverations, that the sta- 


custome 


tue of St. Mac Dara was ‘“ buryed,” as 
above related by our author. 

> Gather duleasg.—The Rhodomenia pal- 
mata, now called dilisk—This singular su- 
perstition has not been practised here for 
many years; although an aged person has 
assured me, that in her youth it was fre- 
quent. A few of these “old observances” 
still remain, of which the following have 
recently occurred. Some fishermen to 
the west of Galway, in order to obtain 
a fair wind, buried a cat to its neck in 
the sand on the sea shore, turning its 
face to the point from which the adverse 
wind blew ; and there left the poor ani- 
mal to perish. In the west of Iar-Con- 
naught, they sometimes erect a pile of 
stones on the shore, bearing a rude re- 
semblance to a small house or castle, 
which they offer to some imaginary being 
or goblin, and expect a fair wind in re- 
turn. But this is considered a serious 
affair, and can never be repeated by the 


O 2 


100 


custome to bow down their sailes* three times, in reverence to the 
saint. A certain captain of the garrison of Galway, Anno 1672, 
passing this way, and neglecting that custome, was so tossed with sea 
and storme, that he vowed he would never pass there again, without 
paying his obeysance to the saint; but he never [re]turned home, till 
he was cast away by shipwrack soon after. Few years after, one 
Gill, a fisherman of Galway, who would not strike saile, in contempt 
of the saint, went not a mile beyond that road, when, sitting on the 
pup of the boat, the mast, by [a] contrary blast of wind, broke, and 
struck him on the pate dead, the day being fair weather both before 


and after. 


This saints proper name was Sinach*, and patronimically called 


same individual. In these matters sailors 
and fishermen are superstitious in all 
countries. Martin relates, that in the 
western islands of Scotland, * It was an 
ancient Custom among the Islanders, to 
hang a He Goat to the Boat’s Mast, hoping 
thereby to procure a favourable Wind."— 
}. 109. 

© Bow down their sailea.—This is seru- 
pulously observed to the present day; and 
Is performed by lowering the main-sail a 
little, three times. | The custom is sup- 
posed to have originated with some plous 
boatinen, who, probably in the life-time of 
the saint, first: adopted that mode of 
salutation on sailing by the island. That 
precedent a few times repeated, and a 
wreck or other accident) befalling a boat 
which might happen to neglect it, would be 
sutlicient to establish the ceremony. But, 
however it may have originated, few sea- 


Mac 


faring natives of the coasts) would now 
venture to omit that accustomed mark of 
respect to St. Mac Dara. Many catas- 
trophes, similar to those above mentioned, 
are still confidently attributed to its omis- 
sion. It may be easily believed, that 
among the numerous wrecks and sea scci- 
dents which have occurred along these 
Western coasts, some may have been at- 
tended by circumstances, which would in- 
duce a less imaginative people than the 
Irish to attribute them to the causes above 
assighed. It would be useless to object, 
that ourauthor’s incredulous captain might 
have been cast away, and poor Gill knocked 
on the pate, even though they had paid 
the accustomed obeisancee. 

4 Sinach.—Sionnac, a for. It is a curious 
coincidence, that the name of this favourite 
saint of our western fishermen, should be 
that ofan animal which, of all others, they 


10! 


Mac Dara, from his father Dara. The parish church of Moyras, by 
the sea shore just opposite to the island, in the continent of Irros- 


most abhor. So great is their aversion to 
a fox, hare, or rabbit, that they never so 
much as mention their names themselves, 
nor can they endure even to hear them 
named by others. Ifa fisherman of Clad- 
dagh, vide ante, p. 42, note4, happens to see 
one of those animals, or to hear its name 
mentioned, he would not on that day ven- 
ture to sea; and the cause of this strange 
superstition they neither know themselves, 
nor can any one else account for. But 
it has been often turned to their disad- 
vantage, of which the following, among 
other instances, has been frequently re- 
lated. Near the great fishing village of 
Claddagh, there once lived a butcher, who 
used to take a humorous but mischievous 
advantage of the simplicity of his neigh- 
bours. They never, it appears, go to fish 
on Saturday, for fear of breaking in on 
the sabbath, a day which they always 
scrupulously observe. Friday is, there- 
fore, one of their principal fishing days; 
and a successful “ take” on that day, ge- 
nerally has the effect of reducing the 
price of meat in the ensuing Saturday’s 
market. The butcher, whose calling was 
thus occasionally injured, contrived for a 
long time to prevent it, by procuring a 
fox, or, as some say, a stuffed fox-skin, 
and causing it to be exhibited, every Fri- 
day morning, through the village. This in- 
variably caused a general noise and move- 


ainhagh, 


ment among the fishermen, not unlike 
those of gulls in a loom-gale ; and it never 
failed to make them, for that day at least, 
abandon their fishing excursion. It is 
probable, that to this moment, not one on 
the coast is aware that St. Mac Dara’s 
real name was Stonnach, although his 
altar-stone, “Leac Shinach,” is said to be 
still preserved. It has been pleasantly 
remarked by Mr. O’Donovan, that if a 
man of the name of Foz, Hare, or Rabbit, 
wished to settle among the Claddagh 
fishermen, he should change his name 
to Pike, Codde, or Salmon, or some such ; 
for that his name would destroy the luck 
and happiness of this strange people. 

The ancient parish church of Moyrus is 
now in ruins. It had originally two door- 
ways, one in the north side, and the other 
in the south. The former is built up. 
The latter, which is that now used, is 
formed of three concentric arches of beau- 
tifully cut stone. In the eastern gable 
there was a fine window, now nearly de- 
stroyed. Here St. Mac Dara’s festival, 
la péile Mhic Oana, is kept, and is at- 
tended principally by fishermen. The 
castle of Ardes.—In Irish, Carplean na 
h-Ciipde, now a ruin, is situate about 
seven miles north-west of Golam Head. 
Here “ Teige ne Booly (dzle) O’ Ffiahertie 
of the Arde,otherwise called O’Fflahertie 
of both Con O’Marrice (Conamaras),” the 


102 


ainhagh, is dedicated to his name, where is kept his altar stone, by 


the name of Leac Sinach. 
Moyras parish, the 16th of July. 


His festivall day is kept as patron of 
Not far from Moyras, by a creek 


of the same sea, stands the castle of Ardes. 

On this side of Irros Ainhagh, is Murloghmore, or Blackford 
haven, a very broad and most safe harbour for ships; where there 
Is an inexhaustible bank of oysters, that are carryed by boats hence 


to Galway. 


Into this haven, from Irros-ainhagh, comes Owangowla, 


«river of salmon fish and white trouts. 
From Macdara Island, westward, lies a like small high island, 


corruptly called Cruagh na hily*, 


chief of the western O’Fflaherties, resided 
in A.D. 1585.—Jndenture of Composition. 
By an inquisition taken 17th August, 
1607, it was found that the same Teige 
na buile ** was seised of the castle or stone 
of Arde.” 


more in detail, see the Appendix.—.Wrr- 


fortress For these records, 
lashmore, or Blackford hacen.—Both these 
names are now obsolete. The haven is 
called Birterbuy (Bertrach buidhe) bay.— 
See Nimmo’s Piloting Directions, p. 176. 
Bertrach is the usual name in Connamara 
for an oyster-bank. — Oacan-gowla,—In 
Irish. (bainn Ohabla, the Forked River, 
Hows into the east side of Birterbuy bay. 
© Cruagh na Kily—In Irish, Cpuac na 
the 
ocean, now called Craanakeely, and some- 
times Deer Island. 
of St. Coclann, mentioned by our author, 


Caoile, an uninhabited island in 
Of the ancient chapel 


ne trace now remains. On the summit 
af this island there are some heaps of 


stones, Which are said to have been raised 


for Cruagh Coelann. 


Cruagh is 

any 
as monuments over people who formerly 
died here of starvation. The traditional 
account of the vccurrence is curious, and 
is generally related as follows:—In the 
reign of Elizabeth, there came into Iar- 
Connaught, a man of venerable appearance, 
who, as it afterwards appeared, was abbot 
of a Cistercian monastery, called the White 
Friars, in Donegal. He was a member 
of the great family of O'Donnell; and 
nearly related to its celebrated chieftain 
Hugh Ruadh. Having refused to surrender 
his monastery, it was suppressed by the 
Queen's commissioners; the abbot himself 
was procluimed a traitor, and a reward 
offered for his head. He then fled to 
Jur-Connaught, as before related, and 
there found a long and secure asylum, at 
the foot of Cnoe a Caillean hill, in the pa- 
rish of Moyrus, near the sea shore, where 
Here he 
was occasionally visited by his brother, 
who afterwards settled in the country, 


a Martello tower now stands. 


103 


any high hill like a stake [stack], as these islands are; and Coelann is 
the saint to whom the island is dedicated, whose chappell is therein. 


and by others of his kindred from Done- 
gal. After a long search by the Queen’s 
officers, the abbot’s retreat was at length 
discovered. A party of fourteen persons, 
among whom were some of his own coun- 
trymen, induced by the promised reward, 
undertook to apprehend him. Having 
arrived at his place of concealment, they 
entered his dwelling in the night time ; 
but none of them being acquainted with 
his person, they resorted to an experi- 
ment, by which they were assured they 
would immediately identify him. This 
was, by his amending an expression which 
is often used in Irish, viz., when one is 
desired to light a candle, the phrase some- 
times employed is lar a pollar, lite- 
rally, “light the light.” This he was 
invariably in the habit of correcting, by 
saying, b’redpp lar a’ coineal, “ bet- 
ter say, light the candle.” One of the 
party having used the phrase, and the 
expected correction having followed, no 
doubt remained of his identity. He 
was instantly seized, and they only await- 
ed the morning to return with their 
prisoner. | 

In this dilemma, the abbot promptly 
determined on a bold expedient. He in- 
formed his pursuers, that he had con- 
siderable treasure concealed in the unin- 
habited island of Cruaghnakeely, which he 
pointed out at an apparently short dis- 


His 
tance from the shore; and requested them 
to accompany him thither, in order to 
bring away the treasure, and that he would 
then quietly submit to his fate. Sure of his 
person, and anxious to secure the expected 
prize, they readily consented to his pro- 
posal. When they reached the island, he 
directed one of the men to step on the 
rock, which formed its only landing-place, 
and to lay hold of a rope which was at- 
tached to the bow of the boat. This done, 
he placed himself at the bow, and with a 
setting-pole kept the boat steady, until 
all were safely landed. Then, slipping 
the rope, and giving a sudden shove, the 
place being deep too, he was quickly out 
of reach, and directed his course back, 
leaving the entire party on this desolate 
island, where, being destitute of food and 
shelter, they all miserably perished. In 
course of time, the monuments before al- 
luded to were raised over their remains. 
The abbot lived for many years after in 
Iar-Connaught. His brother’s family ac- 
quired large possessions there, and, among 
others, the great tract of land called after 
them, Littermore O'Donnell, in the barony 
of Moycullen ; which descended to Edmond 
M‘Rory, great-grandfather of the Right 
Rev. Lawrence O’Donnell, the present 
R.C. Bishop of Galway. These possessions 
were confiscated in the seventeenth cen- 
tury, and granted, under the Act of Set- 


104 


Ilis memory is celebrated in that parish of Moyras the 3rd of Fe- 
bruary. Coclann and Cailin are different saints’ names. 

Of each side of this island, is a shiproad to Blackford and Round- 
stone’ havens; and another small island, called Olena Cruagh*, stands 
between it and the continent, on the north. Inisnee island, con- 
taining three cartrons of land, lyes in the mouth of Owanmore river, 
and divides the haven into Round-stone haven on the west side, 
and Blackford haven on the east side thereof. This island hath a 
chappell dedicated to St. Mathias, and another place in memory of 
St. Brendan. In the midle of the island there is a poole of freshwater. 
On the east side of it, the river of Owanmore is exonerated into 
Blackford haven. This river springs from Balynahinsy lake, two 
miles from the sea. It is shallow and full of wares and stones, from 
the lake down, for a mile, to Wine Island; on which island is a 


tlement, to a Sir Thomas Meredith; by 
whom they were assigned to Captain 
Richard Martin, of Dangan, in whose fa- 
mily they still continue. This is one of 
the numerous traditional stories current 
in Iur-Connaught ; and, su far as it has 
been tested by existing records, it has 
been found correct—See Arehdall’s Wo- 
naat, I. 931. 

f Round-stone. — In Trish, Cuan na 
cloice punca, A pier and haven were 
built here by the Fishery Board. At 
the former, there are four feet at low 
water, and spring tides rise eighteen feet. 
—Seu Lewis's Topogr. Dict. vol. ii, p. 406, 
Here Mr. Nimmo (see 
ante, po got. *) Juid the foundation of a 


parish Moyrus. 


town, to which he was induced by the 
situation and excellence of the harbour. 


salmon 


In A.D. 1841 it contained seventy-three 
houses, with a population of 396 persons. 
—Cenaus of Ireland, p. 374. 

* Olena Cruagh.— Sometimes called 
Oileán na g-cpuac, the island of the 
stacks or ricks, from its appearance at a 
The island of 
Inixnee, Ip nige, is bounded on the 
south and west by Round-stone bay ; and 
on the north and east by Birtirbuy (Ber- 
trach buidhe) Bay, formerly Blackford 
Haven. On the 7th Feb. A. D. 1610, the 
“river and fishing of Owanmore,” abainn 


distance in the ocean. 


mon, were granted to * Morrogh ne moyer 
O'Flaherty of Bonowen, gent.” — Rot. Pat. 
This grantee was father of Sir Morogh 
The 
Qwuanmore is now sometimes called the 
Ballinahinch river. 


na Mart, mentioned p. 83, note |, 


105 


salmon fishing", worth £30 a year. On this island experience was 
made how the salmon hath still recourse from the sea to its first 
offspring; for here, eighteen salmons were marked, with a finn cut of 
each of them at their going to the sea, and seaventeen of them were 
taken next season, in the same place, coming back. The sea flows 
up to Wine Island, on every tide, from each side of Inisnee. On 
the west side of the river, by the sea shore, stood the abbey of 
Tombeola’ of St. Dominick’s order. In our own memory, eighteen 

porcupices 


b Salmon fishing.—This fishery is now 1427, according to De Burgo, in Hib. 
rented at £500 a year. The fish is pre- Dominicana, p. 309, the abbey “ of St: 
pared for exportation, by cutting it in Dominick’s order” was founded at Tom- 
pieces of 2lbs. each, which are hermeti- óeo/a by the O’Flaherties. Of this foun- 
cally sealed in tin cases. In this state, dation, John O’Heyn, for whom see Har- 
it is asserted that it will keep fresh fora —ris's Ware, vol. ii. p. 295, writes as follows: 
considerable period, evenforsomehundreds ‘In eodem Comitatu Galviensi fuit Con- 
of years! A late tourist, Mr. Inglis,eaysthat ventus noster in Baronia de Ballynehensi 
Jar-Connaught is “a country of salmon; fundatus, et erectus a Domino O’ Flaherty, 
every inlet and river is full of them.” Dynasta antiquo istius Baronie usque ad 
Wine Island is situated in the river of Usurpatorem Cromuellum, per quem ex- 
Ballynahinch. utus est totá Hereditate sua. Erant or- 

' Abbey of Tombeola.—In Irish, Cuam  dinarié in isto Conventu, vocato Tombeo- 
Seola, Tumulus Beolai. This name is Jlomme, Octo Religiosi, sed ab Initio Regni 
supposed to be derived from some “great Elizabethe nullus fuit Incola, et Muros 
man,” or “giant,” named Beola, who for- omnes, et tpsam Ecclesiam abstulerunt 
merly ruled over these western regions, ad sdificandum Castellum in Vicinia.” 
and was here interred. But there is no —kEpilogus, p. 37. The castle here al- 
trace at present remaining of any such luded to, as having been built of the 
tomb, or place of interment. We know stones of the ruined abbey of Tombeola, 
from history, that several of the Firbolg was situate on the small island in the lake 
chieftains, about the commencement of of Ballynahinch, afterwards mentioned by 
the Christian era, gave names to several our author. For an account of the abbey 
places in these western parts. See Mac of Tombeola, see Hib. Dom. ut supra. Its 
Firbis’s account of those colonists, before situation is now pointed out by a small 
referred to, p. 18, note4. About A.D. building like a chapel, said to have been 

IRISH ARCH. SOC. NO. IS. P 


106 


porcupices that were in pursuit of the salmon fish, were taken near 
Tombeola. The seale goes up all along to the lake of Balynahinsy, 
to fish on salmons. This lake, from which the barony is named, 
hath two islands on it. On the lesser of them is a castle’ built of 
the stones of Tombeola Abbey; as also a hallowed monument of St 
Fechin; to whom there is a well dedicated at Cara-more, where the 


river parts with the lake. 


On the north-west of Balynahinsy, are the twelve high moun- 
taines of Bennabeola*, called by marnners the twelve stakes, being 


erected by some gentlemen of the country, 
in order to commemorate the existence of 
the abbey. The site of the Carmelite 
friary at Ballynahinch, founded, according 
to Ware, by the O’Flaherties, in A.D. 
It is alluded to 
by De Burgo, as near Tombeola, See 
Archdall for this friary, in Monast. p. 


1356, is now unknown. 


276, where he erroneously asserts that the 
barony of Ballynahinch was called after a 
village of the name, although no such 
village ever existed. 

1 A castle.—This is the castle alluded 
to in the last note, as having been built 
of the stones of Tombeola abbey, on a 
small island (said to be partly artificial), 
towards the western side of Ballynahinch 
lake. 


thirty feet in length and twenty-five in 


It is a smal] square tower, about 
breadth. The island will be found men- 
tioned again in the historical account of 
the O'Flaherties, contained in the Appen- 
dix hereto, at A.D. 1584 

St. Fechin’s well, above alluded to, may 
still be seen. This celebrated saint died 


the 


A. D. 664. He was anciently much re- 
vered in lar-Connaught, where his memory 
is still celebrated; and many holy wells, 
and other “hallowed” remains of anti- 
quity, yet bear his name. See Bollandus 
and Colgan, at Jan. 20, for three several 
lives of St. Fechin; and our author's ac- 
count of the island of Imay (or Omey), 
which follows in this treatise, for further 
particulars of that ancient saint. 

k Mountaines of Bennabeda.—Oeanna 
Seola. These remarkable mountains are 
now known in English by the name of the 
* Twelve Pins,” the latter word being a 
corruption of bins or bens (beanna), which 
is still correctly preserved in Scotland, as 
Ben Lomond, Benevis, &c. and in other 
parts of Ireland, as Benburb, Binbolbin, 
&e. They are named from the supposed 
“giant” Beola, mentioned in the last note), 
and certainly tend to give an exalted ides 
of that personage, whoever he may have 
been. The name Bindowglasa, above stated 
as that of the highest of the range, is now 
furgotten, and the name of Binlettery used 


107 


the first land they discover as they come from the maine. Bindow- 
glass is the highest of them, and, next the lake, is two miles high; 
and hath standing water on the top of it, wherein they say if any 


washeth his head, he becomes hoare. 
was kept the fair of Bonowan' mannor. 


At the foot of it, by the lake, 
At Balynahinsy, Owan- 


tuidhe and Sraith-Salagh rivers, after they meet in one channell, pay 


in its place. The mountain next the lake 
is not, however, the highest of the Pins, for 
according to the Ordnance Survey, BenCorr 
and Ben Bawn exceed it in height by seve- 
ral hundred feet. The standing water men- 
tiond by our author, which maketh the 
head hoar, is here called a dudlaun, ballan, 
a bowl, and is deposited in a rock, on the 
top of Binlettery, which identifies it with 
the Bindowglass of O’Flaherty. Among 
the wonderful wells in Ireland mentioned 
by Cambrensis, there was one in Munster 
which produced the same effect: “ Est 
fons in Momonia cujus aquis si quis ab- 
luitur statim canus efficitur.” The well 
at Gabhal Liuin, in Oriel, now Galloon, in 
Fermanagh, is stated in the “ Wonders of 
Treland,” in the Book of Ballymote, fol. 
140, ó, a, to have had the same property; 
but Keating, in the preface to his History, 
denies the existence of any such fountains 
in his time, and rather unfairly says, that 
Cambrensis introduced them to give a 
colour to his other falsehoods, “ Man 
sacizads amp a Bpéasuib.” Gratianus 
Lucius, p. 8, argues the case more learn- 
edly, and in the end agrees with Keating. 
But it is evident from the instances here 


their 


given, that such tales were current, and 
that Cambrensis did not invent them. 

1 Fair of Bonowan mannor.—On the 15th 
February, A. D. 1610, license “ to hold a 
Wednesday market, and a fair on Whit- 
sun Monday and the day after, at Bonowen,” 
was granted to “ Morrogh ne Moyer 
O'Flaherty of Bonowen, gent.;” to hold 
the same, among other possessions then 
granted, for ever.—Rot. Pat. For a fur- 
ther grant of the manor, with an additional 
fair and market here, to the same indivi- 
dual, see note ™ immediately following. 

The rivers above named are now called 
Abhainn Tuaidhe, Anglicé, Owentuee, and 
Srath Salach. The name Innish leth dhuine. 
Imp liaé Suine, which means, the Island 
of the grey Man, mentioned above, is at 
present forgotten. The island alluded to 
is now called Imp Ceacainn, or Shelving 
Island. It lies in Round-stone Bay, at 
the south end of the parish of Moyrus. 
Irrosbeg.—Now corruptly called Urrisbeg, 
is the name of two townlands in the 
south-west part of thesame parish. Port 
na Fedoigge.— Pope na Feavoige, the 
Harbour of the grey Plover. 


P2 


108 


their tribute to this lake; and in recompence receive the benefit of its 
salmons to spawn on them. Upon the common channell of these 
two rivers, pearles are found in their musles. | 
Westward of Inisnee and Round-stone haven, is Inisleth-dhuine, 
i small island which leads to Irrosbeg haven, called Portnafedoigge ; 
over which is Irrosbeg hill, the second place discovered by marriners 
coming from sea, on the top of which is a poole where trouts breed. 
Three miles from Irrosbeg is the castle and mannor of Bonnowan" 
in Irrosmore. Westward of the castle is Knock a duin hill, the 
third land-mark diseryed by such as saile from the main. On the 


™ Castle and mannor of Bonnowan.— 
The castle of Bunowen, Le. the Castle of 
the River’s Mouth, was an extensive for- 
tress Which belonged to a powerful branch 
of the western O’Flaherties. 
teenth century, it was the residence of 
Donell an Chogaidk O'Flaherty, whose 


In the six- 


warlike character is sufhiciently indicated 
by his agnomen. In the composition 
entered into with Queen Elizabeth, A. D. 
1585, it was provided, that this Donell’s 
two sons, Owen and Morogh, should, * for 
their better maintenance of living, have, 
hy letters patents, the castle of Bonowne, 
and the six quarters of land next ad- 
joing the same, as a free demayne.” 
— See this composition in the Appendix. 
Owen, the elder, was soon after slain, 
and Morogh, the younger, afterwards 
called Morogh na Maor (of the atewarda) 
succeeded to the entire territory. On 
the 25th January, .A. D. 1618, King 
James L, by letters patent, granted tu him, 


east 


by the name Morogh na Moore O'Flaherty 
of Bunowen, Esq., the castle of Bunowen, 
with numerous lands in the barony of 
Ballinahinch, and thereby created the 
manor of Bonowen, to contain 1300 acres 
in demesne ; gave a power to create te 
nures; huld courts leet and baron; a Mon- 
day market at Bunowen, and a fair there 
on St. Lawrence's day and the day fol- 
lowing; “with a court of Prepowder, and 
the usual tolls.°’— Rot, Pat. 15 Jac L 
P: + 

Morogh na Moyre (for so he himself 
wrote his name) died A.D. 1626. He was 
succeeded by his eldest son, Sir Morogh 
na Mart (sce p. 83, note ', anfe), who died 
A. 1). 1666, in a state of poverty, his vast 
possessions having been all confiscated by 
the Crown. On the rgth May, 1678, his 
principal residence, the castle of Bunowen, 
und the adjoining lunds, were granted to 
Giles and Edmond Geoghegan, the widow 
und second son of Art Geoghegan of 


109 


east side the hill is a harbour for shiping, and the parish church just 
by, at the hill’s foot. There is an old fortress of a down on the top of 
the hill, which gives name to Balyndown, Balyndown haven, Balyn- 
down parish. St. Flannan’, of the noble Tuamonian bloud, conse- 
crated by Pope John the Fourth, Anno 640, first bishiop of Killaloe, 
is patron of this parish; and therein his festival day kept, the 18th 
December. On the west side of the hill is a well in memory of the 
seaven daughters. About two miles hence, is Kennlemy or the 
cape of Slimhead, the furthest into the sea and most western point 


in those parts. 


Here a great whale was cast in, the last day of 


December, 1650; and another about forty years before. 
Westward of this point is Olen-lacan’, or Duck Island, where there 


Castletown, in the county of Meath, Esq., 
in leu of their forfeited estates in Lein- 
ster.—See Rot. Pat.29°. Car. II. 3.p. f.r. 4. 
In this castle the Mageoghegan family 
resided, until the early part of the last 
century, about which time the occupiers 
of the old Irish castles began to erect 
more commodious habitations. The then 
proprietor of Bunowen built a handsome 
residence near the foot of the hill of Doon, 
Cnoc a Odin, mentioned above; and the 
castle, thus abandoned, speedily went to 
ruin; but its massive walls remained in 
tolerable preservation till a few years 
since, when they were altogether pulled 
down by the present proprietor, John 
Augustus O'Neill, Esq., to obtain mate- 
rials for enlarging the mansion-house of 
Bunowen. This respectable gentleman is 
the present head of the Mageoghegans of 
Ireland. For further particulars of his 


1s 


branch of that race, see the Additional 
Notes. 

" St. Flannan.—Patron of this parish 
of Ballindoon, Oaile an Oúin, the town- 
land of the dun or fort. In addition to 
the notices above given of this saint, see 
Colgan’s Acta SS. p. 184; Ware’s Antigq. 
and Bishops; and Lanigan’s Eccl. History, 
c. xix. Gili. The well of the seven daugh- 
ters is still to be seen on the west side of 
the hill of Doon. It is called in Irish, 
Coban na peace n-ingean, or na peace 
m-ban-naom; the well of the seven 
daughters, or the seven female saints. 
For Kennlemy, or Slime-head, mentioned 
above, see p. 6, note*, ante. This head- 
land is universally called Ceann Céime 
(i.e. Leap Head, or the Head of the Leap) 
by the natives of Iar-Connaught. 

° Olen-lacan. — Now called Inir Ca- 
can, or Duck Island. It lies in the 


110 


is a chappell and well of St. Cailin, bishiop, disciple of St. Benign, 
and of the antient Conmacny family, who is worshipped in his abbey 
of Fidhnac, in Conmacny-rein [Fenagh, in the County Leitrim] the 


13th of November. 


There is another miraculous well of St. Cailin, 


in the continent of Slimhead, on a little height within a stone, which 
never overflows the stone nor becomes drye. | 
Beyond Duck Island is Olenimioll’, or Bordering Island, as being 


ocean, opposite the townland of Ballyna- 
leame, of which it forms a part. The 
ruins of the chapel of St. Caillin are still 
to be seen here; and near them is the 
holy well mentioned above. On this wild 
point of Ballynaleame, there lived for 
many years, a valued friend and relative 
of the Editor, the late Robert Coneys, 
Exq., whose stormy habitation may be 
seen marked on Larkin’s large and small 
mups of the county of Galway. This 
gentleman held all Ballinaleame, includ- 
ing Duck Island, at twenty shillings yearly 
rent. Betore the erection of the light-houses 
at “Slyne™ head, in A.D. 1836, he saved 
many lives from shipwreck, and his hu- 
manity was often rewarded by * wind- 
falls,” as flofeam and jefaam are familiarly 
termed in Conamara : but these * wind- 
falls” have considerably decreased since 
the erection of light-houses on the coast. 
To sickness he and his family were stran- 
gers. lle used to boast that a doctor was 
never known to visit Slime-head; and he 
considered it a bad omen, when one of 
the faculty settled so near as Newtown- 
Clitden, though several miles distant. 


the 


The “well of St. Cailin,” mentioned 
above, is on the townland of Keeraun- 
more. It is one of those deposits of rain- 
water called bullauns (see ante note*, p.107), 
of which there are several in these islands; 
und, as in the present instance, it is con- 
fidently believed they can never run dry, 
although the contrary has been frequently 
witnessed. 

P Qenimioll.—in Irish, Oileán Imill, 
the Border Island. Llere are situate the 
two light-houses of “Slyne” head, Mr. 
Nimmo, in his Piloting Directions, ob- 
serves that, "a light-house might be 
placed on the Skird rocks, which would 
serve as a guide into the harbours of 
Round-stone, Birturbuy, Casheen, and 
Kilkerran, the only good harbours for 
great ships between the Shannon and 
Lough Swilly.”—p. 178. On the adjacent 
island of Len na bhfal, i.e. the Dun of the 
walls or inclosures, are the ruins of a 
Firbolzic Caher, smaller than Dun Aengus 
in Aran, but apparently as old. There 
are also the remains of ancient Claghauna, 
or stone-roofed houses, similar to those 
there described.—Sce ante, p. 81, note f 


11I 


the outmost, border of the west. 
of seales in their due season. 


Here they use to have a slaughter 


Northward of Slimhead, towards the east, is Manin Bay, over 


which is Knocktuaskert towards Slimhead. 


In the same bay is 


Irrosflannan Point, and Ardberra haven‘; wherein is an oyster bank; 


Manin Bay.—In Irish, Cuan Manaimne, 
is still so called. It is said to have been 
named after Manannan Mac Lir; for 
whom see p. 20, note". Irrosflannan, 
mentioned above, is now incorrectly called 
Urrislannaun.—See Irrosbeg, note !, p. 
107, ante. 

VArdberra haven.—In Irish, Cuan Ciino- 
béana. Here resided, during the last cen- 
tury, the elder branch of the respectable 
family of Coneys, now so numerous in this 
district. Tradition relates, that the first 
of the name that settled here, was Thomas 
Coneys, who came to Ireland with his two 
uncles, who were officers in Cromwell’s 
army; and that he was stationed at Innis- 
bofin. This may be, but I find the name 
O’Coney among the Irish families enu- 
merated in the collections of Doctor Ray- 
mond, formerly Fellow of Trinity College, 
Dublin; and which are now preserved in 
the Library of the Royal Irish Academy. 
The first who settled in Iar-Connaught 
was Thomas Coney ; who, on 21st August, 
1677, obtained a “‘transplanter’s certifi- 
cate for a grant to him and his heirs for 
ever, of the lands of Towerskehin, Lough- 
ana, and Crosslehaine, in Ballinahinch 
barony: saving to Hugh King, ‘ an inno- 


and 


cent,’ all his rights thereto.”—Roll iii. 
memb. 101, Chief Remembrancer’s Office, 
Dublin. This Thomas (who appears to 
have afterwards added an s to his name) 
was sheriff of Galway, A. D. 1694.—See 
Hist. of that town, p. 221. From him 
descended Matthew Coneys of Ardbear, a 
near relative of the Editor; and an indi- 
vidual who, through a long life, bore the 
character of an upright magistrate and an 
honest man. He died at a venerable age, 
in A.D. 1806. His eldest son resided at 
Slimehead. See ante, p. 110, note 9. 
Belathnabay.— béal Géa na bide, 
now called Ballinaboy. A monthly market 
held here from time immemorial, has been 
lately removed to the town of Clifden. 
The ruins of St. Flannan’s church, Cill 
Flanndinn, may be seen in the townland 
of Kill (which townland should properly 
be called Kilflannan), on the north of 
Ballindoon parish; and near it a holy 
well dedicated to the saint. See ante, p. 
109, note"; and Martin’s account of the 
Flannan Islands in the West of Scotland, 
which are said to be called after St. Flan- 
nan.—Description, p. 17. This church 
‘“admits no buriall,” 1. e. bodies are not 
interred within it; and it is firmly be- 


112 


and the salmon fish comes on Belathnabay River. 


In Irrosflannan 


is Saint Flanan’s church, which they say was the parish church 


antiently. 


This church admits no burial within the walls of it. Owanglinn 
river falling from the mountaines of Bennabcola into Ardberra haven, 
divides the north half barony from the south. 

Between Inistuirk and Imay islands‘, an arm of the sea runs up 


lieved, that should any person be so inter- 
red, the body would be found over ground 
the next day. See Martin’s Description, 
p- 49, fora similar belicf in the isle of 
Taransay ; and for the mode by which 
the natives there were “ delivered from 
this unreasonable fancy.” The Owanglin 
river mentioned above, is that which flows 
under the bridge of Clifden. 

© Inistuirk and Imay talauds.—There are 
other small islands here, the chief of which 
ix called Tarbert ; but the most remark- 
able of the group is Zimay, called in Irish, 
lommsd, or lomaid Féicin, now anglicised 
Here the celebrated St. Fechin, 
patron of Fore in Westmeath, founded a 


( Imey. 


monastery in the seventh century, as re- 
lated in the supplement to his Life, ch. xxii. 
in Colzan’s Acta SS. 138. [It is said that 
the last pagans in Ireland were found by St, 
For those 
whom Cambrensis afterwards described as 


Fechin in this island of Omey. 


*homines nudi, gul non seiverunt nisi 
earnes et pisces; ui non fuerunt Chris- 
tianl, nee audiverunt unquam de Christo,” 
For 
more of this island, and of the tract of Bal- 


see Gratianua Lucina this, p. 38. 


by 


lymac-Conry, and the castle of ‘“ Down,” 
mentioned above, see the Additional Notes. 
On a part of that tract, called Cloughan, 
Clocan, stands the new town of that name, 
fashionably anglicized Clifden. In A.D. 
1809, there was only one house here, built 
by Walter Coneys, Esq.; but in A.D. 
1841, there were, according to the Census 
that year taken, 182 houses and 1509 in- 
habitants. The ruins of the church of 
Athdearg, in Irish, Ceampull Gea oeing, 
or the Church of the red Ford, lie west ofa 
mountain stream of a reddish colour, 
which flows into that inlet of the ocean 
now called Streamstown Bay, north-east 
of * Ballymac-Conry.” 

In this district there lately lived a ne- 
glected poetical genius, whose name was 
Michael Mac Sweeny, who, though held in 
high repute by his countrymen, was suffer- 
ed to die in poverty; but this, it is said, 
often occurs in half-civilized communi- 
ties, where pride and ignorance are ge- 
By the English-speak- 
ing portion of the people, Mac Sweeny 
was called the * Bard of the West.” He 
eumposed, in his native language, several 


nerally prevalent. 


113 


by Balymac-conroy, to the castle of Down, where there is a harbour 
for shipping. The church of Athdearg near that castle, they say, 
was in antient time the parish church of this parish; but now the 
parish church is at Imay. The island of Imay lyes in the sea, so as 
on low water it can be entered dry foot. Within it there is a poole 
of standing water, and the soil is plain and champain. St. Fechin 
erected an abbey therein, but now the parish church is only extant; 
whereof St. Fechin is patron, the 20th of January worshiped, whose 
well is here visited, which of late proves very miraculous for restoring 
of health. St. Fechin, abbot, native of Lugny [Leyny] in the county 
of Sligoe, and of the same house of Fothart with St. Bridget of Kil- 
dare, was founder of severall abbeys; the chiefest of which are Fovar 
in Meath, Easdara in Sligoe county, and Cong. From Esdara he 
came to Imay; and his memory is kept in several places of this 
countrey. He dyed of the plague’, which, Anno 664, began in Ire- 


land, the 20th of January after. 


poems and songs of considerable merit; 
which have become such favourites, that 
there are but few of the Irish-speaking 
natives, who cannot repeat some of them 
from memory. Many of these have been 
collected by the Editor; and if space shall 
permit, one or more of the most popular 
will be inserted in the Additional Notes, 
as a specimen of modern Irish versifica- 
tion, and of those compositions which af- 
ford so much social pleasure to the good 
people of Iar-Connaught. 

* The plague.—This memorable pesti- 
lence was called buióe Chonnaill, yellow 
plague of Connell. Connall is supposed to 
have been the name of some distinguished 
man who died of it, for which see the Four 

IRISH ARCH. SOC. IS. 


In 


Masters, A.D. 664. For the particulars 
above related of St. Fechin, see Colgan’s 
Acta SS. p. 1303 also Ussher’s Primord., 
p- 966, where by a singular error (first 
corrected by Mr. O’Donovan) he con- 
founds Fabup, the name of the ancient 
town of Fore, in Westmeath, with Ceaban, 
the Irish name for a book! “ Eum vulgó 
Feicim Fabain Fechinum Fovere vel Fou- 
rie appellant: ab habitationis loco, quem 
Latiné Favoriam, Hibernicé balle-leab- 
ain, quasi Keriath-Sepher (Josu. 15. 15. 
Judic. 1. 11) aut Urbem librorum dixeris 
appellatum invenio.” Doctor O’Conor, 
Annal. Ulton. p. 56, n. (3), and Tig. 205, 
n. (68) ; Doctor Lanigan, Eccl. Hist. ch. 
xviii, n. (148); and Archdall, Monast. 


114 


In the Western Ocean beyond Imay three smaller islands ap- 
pear, viz., Cruagh-ar-ni-may, called by Sir James Ware “ Insula cu- 
niculorum,” for its store of rabbets ( Ware, Ant. Hib. cap. 28, p. 287). 
It is a bane to dogs‘, which dye on the spot or soon after coming 


out. 


The next is Olen-ambrahar, or the Fryar’s Island. The 


furthest of is Ardolen’, the High Island (Colgan, ao Jan. p. 135, 


p. 711, following Ussher, have perpetuated 
the mistake. 

© A bane to dogs.—This is not the case 
at present. The island is now called Crua 
(Cruach) Island, and is still remarkable 
“for its store of rabbets.”” North of it is 
** Fryar’s Island.” Both are uninhabited, 
but afford good pasturage. 

u Ardolen. —CUpo Oilean, i.e. High 
Island. This is the most remarkable 
island of the group mentioned above. It 
lies a short distance west of Friar’s Isle, 
and like it is uninhabited, and dithcult 
of access. Here the celebrated St. Fechin 
(for whom see ante, p. 113) founded a 
monastery, formerly in great repute. A 
considerable portion of its ruins still re- 
inains, and several ancient stone crosses 
ure erected around ther. “There are also 
here some of those old stone houses or 
cells called Cloghans, for which see ante, 
p. 82, note!. The Four Masters record, 
that in A. D. 1017, Gormgal, Pronk Anm- 
chara, or, a> he is called by Colgan, Archisi- 
nedrus, or principal futher contessor of all 
Ireland, died in Ard-ailen. “The seeond 
lite of St. Fechin, Colgan, p. 135, ch. xxii. 
states, that after the saint finished the 


cap. 


monastery of Imaidh (Omey), he founded 
another in Ard-oilen. On this Colgan, 
p. 141, has a note (13), thus translated : 
" This island is also in the ocean, and is 
distant a few leagues towards the West 
from Jmmagia (Omey) and after St. Fe- 
chin, St. Gormgal, a man of celebrated 
sanctity, who died in the year 1017, on 
the 5th day of August (on which day, 
according to Marianus, his birth-day is 
observed), ennobled it very much by his 
anachoretic habits, and most exact life. 
The elegant and very pious poem of 
blessed Corranus, who flourished at the 
same time, concerning his praises and 
relics, is extant in my possession.” In 
the Appendix to the Life of St. Endeus, 
ch. vil. p. 715, Colgan, speaking of the 
third island of Aran, which he mis- 
takes for Ardolen, sve ante, p. 91, note t, 
gives, from Corranus, the names of the 
following holy men, who, with St. Gorm- 
gal, were interred in Ardolen, viz. : " Mel- 
suthunius, Celecharius, Dubthacus, Du- 
nadach, Ccllachus, Tressachus, Ultanus, 
Maelmartinus, Coromacchus, Conma- 
chus.” Archdall, in Monast. p. 272, has 
copied Colgan respecting Ardvilen; and, 


115 


cap. 22), antiently called Innis-hiarthuir, i.e. the West Island. It is 
unaccessible but on calm settled weather, and so steep that it is hard 
after landing in it to climb to the top; where there is a well called 
Brian Boramy (King of Ireland) his well, and a standing water, on 
the brook whereof was a mill. There is extant a chappel and a 
large round wall, as also that kind of stone building called Cloghan. 
Therein yearly an ayrie of hawkes" is found. Here St. Fechin 
founded an abbey, as he did at Imay. It is alsoe celebrated for the 
heremiticall retirement of Saint Gormgal, a very spirituall person, and 
of renowned sanctity, who dyed the sth of August, Anno 1017; and 
was there interred, together with diverse other holy hermits that 
lived with him. Ten of them are named by father Colganus, out of 
an antient poem in his praise, extant (Colg. 21 Mar. cap. 7, et Vit. S. 


Endei, p.715, ad finem.) 


Northward of Ardolen are Inis-ark and Bofin Isles”, of this 


therefore, all he says of it, except what 
relates to St.Gormgal, iserroneous. Doctor 
Lanigan himself, the great corrector of 
Archdall and Ledwich, has erred on this 
very point, by following and even defend- 
ing Colgan.—Eccl. Hist. chap. xvii. n. 137, 
et seq. 

v Hawkes.—Ireland was anciently cele- 
brated for producing these noble birds. See 
Harris’s Ware, Antiquit. chap. xxii. Carve, 
in his Lyra, Sultzbaci, 1666, 4to. (before 
referred to, p. 67, note*), thus writes of 
Robert Barry, one of the early Anglo- 
Norman adventurers, and ancestor of the 
earls of Barrymore: “ Fuit hic primus, 
qui accipitres in Hibernia cicuravit, atque 
venandi, seu accipitrandi usui assuefecit, 
unde primordialis accipitrarius in Hiber- 


countrey 


nia extitit.”——p. 47. But this statement 
cannot be depended on. It comes un- 
supported by any authority; and we 
know that Carve’s Lyra abounds with 
mistakes. 

W Inis-ark and Bofin isles.—On the 
island of Inis-ark are the ruins of an an- 
cient church called Teampull Leo, and 
near it a stone cross, Leac Leo. On the 
south shore there is a cave called Vaimh 
Leo, where the saint is said to have passed 
much of his time in prayer and medita- 
tion; and in it is a well dedicated to him. 
There is also shewn a ruin called Cloghan 
Leo, in which he is said to have dwelt. 
The bell mentioned above, as having been 
preserved there in the time of our author, 
has long since disappeared. Bofin.—In 


Q2 


116 


countrey of Conmacny-mara in old times as the same father Colgan 
notes (S. Endei Vit. p..715 ad finem), tho’ this countrey [is] not part 
of Irrosdownan, as he guesseth (Zdem, 1° Mar. p. 437, num. 3), but 
for three hundred years now belonging to the Owles; which there- 
fore I omit, only that Inisark is of the same property with Bofin, 


Irish, Imp bo Finne, the Island of the 
White Cow. 
ten Bophin; in which form, it gave the 
title of baron (created by James II.) 
to John, the ninth earl of Clanricarde. 
This island is celebrated in ancient and 
modern Irish history. Venerable Bede 
relates, that in A.D. 667, St. Colman 
founded a monastery here: * Deinde se- 


It has been sometimes writ- 


cessit ad insulam quandam parvain, que 
ad occidentale plagam ab Hibernia pro- 
cul seereta, sermone Scotico Inishofinde, id 
est, ‘Insula Vitula Alba” nuncupatur. 
In han: ergo perveniens construxit mo- 
nasterium, et monachos imibi, quos de 
utraque natione colleetos adduxerat, col- 
locavit.” — Fiat. Feel. lib iv. ca. On 
this Ussher pertinently observes > Eam 
in hodierna Scotia frustra querit Demp- 
sterus: quum, é regione Maionensts litoris 
in Connacia positam nomen adhue inte- 
erum retinere, compertum habeamus,”"— 
Primord, )- R25. 
the Four Masters, ad aun. 667, 674, 711, 
Soy, 8gk; and our author's Quy. p. 232. 
From the seventh century to the seven- 
teenth, this island was litthe Known bee 
yond the neighbouring shores” of Tar- 
Connaught and Umball ní Miaille ; but 


See also the Annals of 


and 


during the latter eventful century, it 
was considered of importance by the then 
contending parties in Ireland, and was 
alternately fortified by them. On this 
island, which is now generally called In- 
nisbofin, the following remains of anti- 
quity may still be seen. In Knock town- 
land, the ruins of St. Colman’s church, 
built as already mentioned, in A. D. 667. 
Near it, a holy well called Tobur Flannain. 
In the townland of Middle-quarter, is the 
site of a dwelling called Ait tighe Guairim. 
This Guairim is said to have been coteme 
porary with St. Colman. Jun Graine, the 
site of a castle said to have been built by 
the celebrated heroine Grana Weale. An 
earthen dun called Dun-mor, in the town- 
land of West-quarter. The remains of 
the fortress repaired in the time of Crom- 
well. Loch be finne, or the Luke of the 
White Cow, lies between the tuwnlands 
The 
natives tell that the enchanted white cow, 
trom which the island takes its name, is 
frequently seen emerging from this lake. 
North of Innisbotin lie the island of 
Inisturk (Imp Cuipe) and Cahir island, 
which have been omitted by our author, 
as " belunging to the Oreles.” [In the for- 


of West-quarter and Faunmore. 


117 


and the saint therein worshipped, St. Leo; of whose reliques is a 


bell there extant. 


And that St. Colman, third Irish bishiop of Lan- 


disfarn in England, (and native of Connaught, as father Colgan 
gathers) (7'r. Thaum. p. 382, num. 16), arrived at Bofin, Anno D. 
668 (Usser. De Primord.), and there founded an abbey (Usser. loco 


mer are the ruins of an old church dedi- 
cated to St. Columbkille, and the site of 
an ancient dun, or earthen fort. The 
family of O’Toole is said to be in posses- 
sion of this island for many centuries. 
They are a branch of the O’Malleys, and 
different from their namesakes of Omey 
island in Conamara, who are of Leinster 
origin, and for whom see the Additional 
Notes. Cahir island lies east of Innisturk, 
and is called in Irish, Oilean na Cathrach 
(i. e. the Island of the Cahir, or Stone 
fort), or Cathair na Naomh (Cathair 
of the Saints), and sometimes, Cathair 
Phadruig. Here is a small ancient church, 
in the primitive Irish style, called by 
some, Teampull na neeve (na ncom), and 
by others Templepatrick. Near its east 
gable on the outside, is a flag inscribed 
with a cross, and called Leaba Phadruig, 
or the bed of Patrick. On the altar with- 
in the church is laid a remarkable slab 
called Ceac na naom, about two feet in 
diameter, and composed of different kinds 
of stones, which is said to be possessed of 
great virtues. Boats passing this island 
lower the main-sail thrice, out of reve- 
rence to the saints whose memories are 
here celebrated; as is done at Mac Dara’s 


citato ; 


island, for which see ante, p. 97, note ", 
The “ Owles,”? mentioned above, was a 
term used by English writers to Anglicize 
Umhall, the ancient territory of the O’Mal- 
leys, in the west of Ireland, which was 
generally called Umhall Ui Mhaille. This 
territory comprised the two districts now 
forming the baronies of Murrisk and 
Burrishoole, in the County of Mayo, which 
were named the two Umhalls; the former 
called Umhall uachtrach, or the upper; and 
the latter, Umhall iochtrach, or the lower; 
and hence the plural “ Owles,” from an 
approximation of sound, was used to de- 
signate both. Our neighbours were not 
more successful in Latinizing this Irish 
name by the word “pomum.” Thus, 
“ O'Mayll, de Pomo, chief Captaine of his 
nation.” — State Papers, vol. ii. part iii. 
p: 4, A.D. 1515, would be read by a fo- 
reigner, “ O’Mayli of the Apple.” This 
also arose from a similarity of sound in 
the pronunciation of Umhall the territory, 
and uwbhall, an apple. Much original and 
curious information might here be intro- 
duced respecting this old district and its 
former proprietors; but as it would be 
irrelevant in the present treatise, it must 
be reserved for some future opportunity. 


118 


citato; and Eccles. Britt. p.964; V. Bed. Histor. Eccl. lib. 4, cap. 4), 
dyed the 8th of August, 676. 

Within Ardolen, Inisark, and Bofin isles, is Blackrock haven", 
whereby the continent of Cloggin there is pilchard fishing, and an 
ayric of hawkes. There was a weekly market at Cloggin belonging 
to the manor of Bonowan. In the same bay lyes Dowras [haven’, 
and the salmon fishing of Dowras], on which pearle breeding muscles 
were found. By this haven of Dowras stands the parish church of 
Ballynakill*, whose patron, St. Kennanack, is worshipped the [12th] of 


* Blackrock haven,—Cloggin.—The name 
Blackrock is not known at present. The 
inlet of the ocean here is now called 
“ Cleggan bay.” Nimmo in his Piloting 
Directions, says : “ The access to Cleggan 
bay is easy, the ground clean and good, 
and the shelter tolerable, having sufficient 
depth for any ship.’—p. 180. The * Ayrie 
of Hawkes” formerly here (see ante, p, 66, 
note *), was long preserved with great 
care, but its place is now unknown. Near 
the head of this bay is situate Cleggan- 
house, built by Robert Martin in A.D. 
1740, as appears by an inscription over 
the entrance. This Robert Martin was 
charged with having murdered, in Gralway, 
Lieutenant Henry Jolly, an officer in 
General Dormer’s regiment of foot; for 
which he was tried at Dublin, in A.D. 
1735, and acquitted, An extract from 
the only copy of this curious trial, sup- 
posed to be extant, will be found in the 
Additional Notes. 

¥ Powraa haren.—In Irish, Oampoy, or 
Cuan Oampuip. Now the harbuur of 


March, 


Ballinakill, which Mr. Nimmo describes 
“as well sheltered, the bottom good, and 
the water deep.”——Puloting Directions, p. 
181. The words within brackets are in 
O’Flaherty’s autograph copy, now in the 
possession of Sir Thomas Philipps, Bart. 
* Parish church of Ballynakill. — The 
ruins of this ancient church lie at the foot 
of the hill of Cartron, about two miles 
north of the village of Cleggan. It isde- 
dicated to St. Ceannanach, whose well, 
enclosed by a circular wall, is situate about 
a furlong east of the church. The east 
gable of the church is of great antiquity; 
but there is a modern chapel at the west 
end, built, according to tradition, by Ed- 
inond Laidir, or the strong, O'Flaherty, 
who is interred in it. A.D. 1709, appears 
inscribed on this chapel. The parish of 
Ballinakill (Gaile na cille, the bally or 
townland of the church), forms the north 
part of the barony of Ballinahinch. It is 
bounded, north, by that arm of the sea an- 
ciently called Ceol parte puad, now the 
Killary; east, by the barony of Ross, or 


119 


March, likely the same with St. Kennanack in the midle island of 
Aran. There are sixteen oyster banks on this haven, near Ballynakill. 
North-east of Dawras haven is the bay and narrow streight of 
Coelshaly Roe, stretching into the lands between this barony, the 
Owles, and Joyce Countrey; in which bay is Rynnmoyle* castle and 


Joyce country; south, by the parishes of 
Moyrus and Omey; and west, by the At- 
lantic Ocean. 

St. Kennanach (Ceannannach, Ceann- 
Flonnac) the patron saint of Ballynakill, 
is known in the parish by the name of 
“ Gregory,” which is said to have been 
his original name. See p. 80, note °, for 
an account of his church in the middle 
island of Aran; which is considered one 
of the most ancient and perfect of all the 
ecclesiastical remains in those islands. 
From him it is supposed that Gregory’s 
Sound, the passage between that island 
and Aranmore, has been called. The tra- 
dition still preserved in the parish of 
Ballynakill is, that St. Ceannanach was 
one of the earliest preachers of Christi- 
anity in those western parts; and that he 
was taken, by order of a pagan tyrant who 
ruled here, and beheaded near the eastern 
extremity of the present village of Cleg- 
gan. A heap of stones is still pointed 
out, as g monument said to have been 
erected on the spot where he suffered. 

* Rynnmoyle.—In Irish, Rinn Mhil. 
This point or headland lies opposite In- 
nisbofin, and it was so called according 
to Mac Firbis, in his account of the Fir- 
bolgs, from Mi, one of the leaders of 


Blacksod 


those ancient colonists, who settled here 
about the first century of Christianity. 
Other places on the western coast were 
also named after this fí, as Muirbheach 
Mhil, now Kill-Murvy, in the great island 
of Aran ; and Rinn Mhi, now Rinvile, 
both at the eastern extremity of the bay 
of Galway. The castle of “ Rinmoyle” 
(Rinvile) was erected, according to some, 
by the O’Flsherties, but others attribute 
it to the Joyces. In A.D. 1586, it was 
inhabited by Miles Mac Tibbot, see ante, 
p- 93, note ”, and in A. D. 1642, by Colo- 
nel Edmond O’Flaherty, of whom an in- 
teresting account will be found in Ap- 
pendix II. It is now the property of 
Henry Blake, Esq. 

Blacksod haven. — In Irish, Cuan an 
Fhow ouib, is now called the “ little 
Killary, or Salrock Harbour. Sal Roc 
means the tract of St. Roc, who is stated 
by tradition to have been a most holy 
man, and a worker of many miracles ; but 
no written account of him has yet been 
found. His church, which is said to have 
been a sanctuary in former times, is now 
a ruin on the south side of the bay. 

The seaven daughters above alluded to, 
are stated to have been the daughters of 
a British king (see ante, p. 14), Seacc 


I2I 


There is a well in memorie of St. Fechin at Mam-tuirk. At Mam-en, 
there springs out of a stone a litle water, named from St. Patrick, 
which is a present remedy against murrein in cattel, not only ap- 
plyed, but alsoe as soon as tis sent for they begin to have ease. 
Next Mam-en are the mountains of Corcoga, in the confines of 
Balynahynsy, Ross, and Moycullin countreys, where the fat deere‘ 


At Cannanagh and Gowlannall, two other 
wells dedicated to St. Fechin. In the 
townland of Kilbride, in the same barony, 
another ancient patrimony of the Joyces, 
there is a well dedicated to the Blessed 
Virgin, called Cobap Muipe. In the 
townland of Dooghty (Oubacea), in that 
part of the parish of Cong which runs 
into Iar-Connaught, there are two holy 
wells; one named after the Blessed Virgin, 
and the other after St. Fechin. Near the 
latter is a flag or stone called leac Feicin, 
by which men are put to the ordeal. 

© The fat deere—These were the large 
“red deer” ( Cervus elaphus), once so nume- 
rous in Ireland, and the hunting of which, 
for food or amusement, formed the princi- 
pal occupation of the early Irish. These 
fine animals, which have been described as 
“very large, fleet, and fierce,” herded for 
ages among the “ high mountains” of Iar- 
Connaught, and were plenty there when 
the foregoing treatise was written; but 
they have since become extinct. See 
Colgan’s Acta SS. p. 160, c. 7; p. 280, 
c.13; p. 306, c. 8; and Gratianus Lucius, 
p. 138, for notices of this large species 
of deer. Doctor Thomas Molyneux, the 

IRISH ARCH. SOC. I5. 


18 


friend and contemporary of our author, in 
“ A Discourse concerning the large Horns 
frequently found under Ground in Ire- 
land,” has observed that “the red deer 
in those our days, is much more rare with 
us in Ireland, than it has been formerly, 
even in the memory of man:” and he 
truly conjectured that, “unless there be 
some care taken to preserve it, I believe 
in process of time this kind may be lost 
also.” He has moreover quoted “a re- 
markable passage in Scheffer’s Description 
of Lapland, from Johannes Bureus, that, 
sometimes a sort of disease, after the man- 
ner of a plague, affects the rein deer, so 
as they all die: ' Solet interdum rangiferos 
morbus quidam velut pestis invadere. Sic 
ut moriantur omnes.’ ?. Nat. Hist. of Ire- 
land, Dub. 1726, p. 143. Probably to 
some similar distemper may be attributed 
the extinction of the red deer in this part 
of Ireland. So late as A.D. 1752, they 
abounded in the barony of Erris, Mayo 
County. Doctor Pococke in his Travels, 
quoted ante, p. 72, note", states, that the 
mountains of Erris “ are full of red deer, 
which are very indifferent food, being ne. 
ver fat. However, the hunting of them 


122 


is frequently hunted; whereof no high mountain in the barony of 
Balynahinsy, or half barony of Rosse, is destitude. 


FINIS. 


Aprul the sth, 1684. 


affords good diversion to those who tra- 
verse the mountains on foot, but they 
frequently escape the dogs.”—p. 55. At 
a later date, A. 1). 1760, they were nu- 
merous among the mountains of Kerry, 


and ‘amazingly large and fat.”— Derrick’s 
Letters, p.§g. The Editor has recently 


heard from an old native of the barony of 


Ross, in lar-Connaught, that in his youth 
large red deer were common there; that 
he frequently saw them grazing among 
the black cattle on the hills; and par- 
ticularly remembers one, which was 
caught by the horns in a thicket, where 
it was found dead. 


ADDITIONAL NOTES. 


rn ee ee ee ee oe ee. 


125 


ADDITIONAL NOTES. 


NOTE A. See page 1, note’. “ West Connaught.” 


HE ancient divisions of Connaught, through the neglect of its history and 
topography, are not so generally known at the present day, as those of the 
other provinces of Ireland. The late Doctor O’Conor has observed, that “ there is no 
history of the province of Connaught, neither is there of any town or district in that 
most populous part of Ireland, except this unpublished chronicle (#.e. Annales Conna- 
cic, Hibernice, fol.) The barren Orkneys, and the wilds of Caithness, Sunderland, 
and Morey, can boast of their histories; while the rich plains of Roscommon, Maio, 
Sligo, and Galway, and their towns and capitals, are unrecorded and undescribed.””— 
Cat. Bib. MSS. Stowensis, vol.i. p. 73. This cannot be attributed to want of mate- 
rials, for there is abundance on record, if properly explored. From these it appears, 
that the ancient colony of the Belge, or Firbolgs, first divided Ireland into five pro- 
vinces; and to that division Cambrensis, who wrote about A. D. 1180, alludes in the 
following words: “ In quinque enim portiones fere equales antiguitus hec insula 
divisa fuit.”—Topogr. dist. i. c.6. The western portion originally extended from the 
mouth of the Shannon, along its right bank, to the mouth of the Drobhais (Drowes), a 
river on the confines of Ulster, which flowing out of Lough Melvin, in a north- 
westerly direction, falls into the bay of Donegal. Connaught comprehended, beyond 
its modern limits, the territories of Thomond, or the present County of Clare; and 
North Breifne, the present County of Cavan. By the latter it acquired “a fearful pre- 
ponderance over the other provinces of Ireland.”—Cat. MSS. Stow. p, 26. So late as the 
sixteenth century, Sir Henry Sydney, when about dividing the province into counties, 
adopted the ancient boundaries, but excluded North Breifne.—See his Dispatch to the 
Lords of the Council, 27th April, 1576, in “ Letters and Memorials of State,” pub- 
lished by Arthur Collins, London, 1747.—Fol. vol. i. p.102. Also the Annals of 

the Four Masters, at A. D. 1569. 
This 


126 


This great western division of Ireland was first known by the name of Olnagmactd, 
“strangely corrupted,” says the venerable Charles O’Conor, “into Nagnete by 
Ptolomey.”’— Dissert. sect. xiii.; and it is supposed to have been so called from Olneg- 
macht, daughter of one of the Firbolg chiefs.—Book of Lecan, fol. a21. Our accurate 
annalist, Tigernach, at A. D. 33, calls it Coiced n-Olnecmoce, the fifth, or province, 
of Olnegmacht. That name it retained until the third century, after which it was 
called Connact, as is supposed from the Scotish or Milesian tribes, who settled in it 
about that period; and who were known by the name of Cuinn toéca, the race of Conn, 
ic. the posterity of Eochaidh Muighmhedhoin (Kochy Moyrane) king, first of Com 
naught, and afterwards of Ireland, who was descended from that hero.—Book of 
Lecan, loc. cit. The readers of our annals will find this province frequently mentioned 
hy other names, viz. : Coige Srenge, Coige Meadhbha (Meave), Coige Oiliolla, &c.; but 
these were temporary appellations, generally given by the bards, after distinguished 
personages who flourished there at different periods. 

Connaught, from an early period, has been frequently subdivided. See our author's 
Oyygia for the ancient ternary division called ceopa Connace, or the three Con- 
naughts, made by the Belga, or pean Chonnaccang, the old Connacians: “ Tres pre- 
cipue fuerunt familiw, viz, Gamanradii, Fir-Craibii, et Tuatha-taidhen, a quibus 
Connactia in ternas Connactias distincta, et hi Fir Olneqmact etiam sunt appellati.”— 
Ogyg. po 179, see also c. xliii. p. 269. “These old Conacians were succeeded by the 
three Scotic or Milesian tribes of Connaught, viz., the Hy-Fiachrach, Sil Murry (Sal 
Muireadhaigh) and the Hy-Briuin of Breifny, i.e. of Oirthir, or Eastern Connaught; 
and all were descended from Fiachra and Brian, the sons of Eochy Moyvane, King of 
Connaught, before mentioned. By these the old ternary divisions of the Belge were 
long preserved. For an account of those three Milesian tribes, and their descents and 
possessions, sce O'Connor's Dissertations, p. 283, ef deinceps, Among the most dis- 
tinguished of the race of Brian were the Maintir Murchadha, or O' Flaherties (descended 
from the youngest und greatest of his sons, Duach Galach, King of Connaught), whose 
principal inheritance, from the fifth to the thirteenth century, was the level and fertile 
plain of Magh Seola, sometimes called Muintir Murchadha, and now the barony of 
Clare, in the County of Galway, See the Annals of the Four Masters, A. D. 959 and 
1034. After this time, the O’Flaherties possessed themselves of Jar or West Con 
naught, Where many of the name still remain. Besides the foregoing great divisions of 
this provinee, there were others, viz, loccap, or lower Connaught, which comprised 
part of Mayo, and the present County of Sligo; and uaceap, or apper Connaught, the 
present: County of Galway. These distinctions of iochfar and uachtar were afterwards 
adopted by the Anglo-Norman De Burgos, There were also Tuaisceart and Deisceart, 
or northern and southern Connaught; and these were again subdivided into several 


districts, 


I ing eet 977 


127 


districts, possessed by the leading tribes. Most of the latter divisions were abolished, 
and some created baronies, in the sixteenth century, when the province was divided 
into counties; for which see Appendix]. Of these districts, perhaps one of the best 
known at the present day, is far, or West Connaught, which has been 80 well described - 
by Roderic O’Flaherty, in the foregoing treatise. 

So little has been published respecting the former state and affairs of Connaught, 
that I am induced to insert in the following pages, a few extracts and documents, not 
hitherto printed; but which may tend to illustrate some portions of its early history. 
To many, but particularly those of ancient Irish descent, they may prove novel and 
interesting; and, moreover, may be found useful by the future topographer or historian 
of the country. They have been introduced in accordance with one of the primary 
objects of the Irish Archeological Society, viz., to rescue original historical documents 
from oblivion. 

In a preceding paragraph, p. 126, allusion has been made to Brian, the son and suc- 
cessor of Eochy Moyvane, King of Connaught. That personage is recorded to have had 
no less than twenty-four sons, who became the progenitors of the principal Scotic, or 
Milesian families of this province. Mac Firbis, in his account of the Belge, or 
Firbolgs, a treatise before referred to, and preserved in manuscript in the Library of 
the Royal Irish Academy, Dublin, enumerates those sons of Brian, and the tribes 
which sprung from them, as follows : 


" Cetpe mic picead bavan ag Oman .i. 
@éean, o ccoib cinel n-Gcean á. Ua 
Siapoa, Ua Oli, Ua Caipleonac, Ua 
Ruanutdén, Ua Fionnicdin. Feangur 
mac Oniain, a guo cinel Feangura na- 
h-Ccege, .1.Ua Spian, agup Ua Ónuacain, 
agur' Ua Conpete, agup Ua Caimiobda, 
vaoip1g Chineoil Feanaupa. Epc Oeang 
ó ppuil Cmel Oeipg la Connacca, agup 
Ounncacc, agup Cpiomeann, agur Cael- 
Canna, agur €rre (no Epille a quo 
Cuas Epille) agur Clongur, a guo Cinel 
n-Clongura o Saillim .1. ui C[llmunáin 
cona ppinéataib. Cenead, ó cra Cop- 
co tenead, ir Muicean, a guo Copco 
Muiéead, agur Oealsg, agur Sop, agur 
Cana, ó ccóáio U1 Canannan in Uaienb, 


“ Brian had twenty-four sons, viz.: 
Echen, from whom descended the Kinel- 
n-Echen, 1. e. Ua Biasta, Ua Bli, Ua Cais- 
leorach, Ua Ruanuidhen, and Ua Fion- 
nucain. Fergus, from whom Kinel Fer- 
gusa of Echtge, i.e. Ua Brain, Ua Bru- 
achain, Ua Conrethe, and Ua Cairriodha, 
chiefs of Kinel Fergusa. Erc Derg, from 
whom Kinel Erc Derg in Connaught. Dur- 
thacht. Criomthann. Caol-Carna, Esse (or 
Esille, from whom Tuath Esille). Aongus, 
from whom Kinel n-Aongusa, ef Gal- 
way, i.e. the O’Hallorans, with their 
branches. Tenedh, from whom Corco- 
Tenedh, and Muichead, from whom Cor- 
co-Muichead. Dealg, Bior. Cana, from 
whom the O’Cananans in Uaithne. Neach- 

tain, 


128 


ugup Peace ó eed Cín Neaccam 
coma ppineadab, Cgup bú Caipbpe 
a. Caipbpe Cone, did eva Haippe Cop- 
Linge an naom, ugup Caipbpe Ainéean, 
mc cen Uh Opin Raéa la h-raneap 
Conace, Cpt Conuill.) Conull Omipin 
ó gréin pop Util, agup Conall 6lan 
o cedio UF Mannaéain 1, caoipg na cept 
¢ Cuir, ip Conall Copéaine, ó ccúio Uí 
Miysolouh, agup €ocuió, ó tea Cinel 
ncuadach, agay Pedblimid Solg, agup 
(oom Gamealach a guo Cinel n-Ganna, 
uguy Quad Ralac pérmpdice, an róran, 
needa plognwad Racca Cpugcan.” 


tain, from whom Tir Neachtain, with their 
collateral branches. Two Carbrys, viz. : 
Carbry Conrith, from whom is descended 
St. Barry of Cork; and Carbry Aircheann, 
from whom the Hy-Briuin Ratha, in the 
west of Connaught. Three Conalls, viz., 
Conal Oirisin, from whom the men of U mal- 
lia. Conall Glun, from whom the O’Mona- 
hans, i. e. the chieftains of the three Tuathas. 
Conall Cortaine, from whom Ui Maoilduibh. 
Eochaidh, from whom Kinel n-Eachach. 
Felemy Bolg and Enna Eamalach, from 
whom Kinel n-Eanna, Duach Galach afore- 
said, the youngest, from whom the kings of 
Rath Cruachan are descended.”—See also 


Book of Ballymote, fol. 54, and Ogyg. p. 374- 


‘Pla: following lint of the “ Christian” kings of Connaught, or “ Rath Cruachan,” 
wa compiled by Peter O'Connell, a learned, but neglected antiquary of the last century, 
len satis ancient authorities, aided by the collections of the venerable Charles 


COG catuens 
Ialaníy of the Royal Irish Academy: 


It an here printed from the compiler’s autograph, which is preserved in the 


“IE CHRISTIAN KINGS OF CONNAUGHT. 
* Siopana. 


“pO RIGHAIBH CRISTAIDHE CONNACTA. 


» AiGhéoldaidh Mae Fiachrach, Mie Eochaidh Maighmedhoin, vec. ao bliadhain 
boys feachan las aa Deisibh Breagh, no a cug iar san re sin. g. 

ca (oho! Molt Mae Daithi, Mic Fiachruch, Mic Eochaidh Maighmhedhoin, &c. 
ry iublindia po tterehair a ceath Ocha la Lughaid Mac Laoghaire, la Muircheartach, 
Ala Parca. da Fearas Ceirbheoil agus la Fiachraidh (Mac Caolbhaidh) Righ Dail- 


Were tit ue 


Co Duach Gaalach Mac Briain, Mic Eochaidh Maizghmedhoin, we. 19 mbliadna; 


(oi hai u cvath Seay lisa la Muircertach AM. Earca. 


ao ebpegey la obese aD 


Ot Pengqumhe, na tn Bally mote. 


Seagup .!. aón domi 


Duach ‘Tenguma.—Se do thuit a ecath Seagsa, N. B. 


“4. Eoghan 


Swede Keating in the reign of Lugaid Mac Laoghaire. 


129 


“é 4. Eoghan Beal Mac Ceallaigh, Mic Oiliolla Muilt, Mic Daithi, &. 35 bliadna; go 
ttorchair a ccath Sligigh la Feargas agas la Domnall, da mhac Muircertaig Mic Earca, 
la Hainmhire Mac Seadna, agas la Ninnedh Mac Duach Tengumha. 37. 

“é gs. Oilioll an Bhanna Mac Eoghain Beal, Mic Ceallaigh, Mic Oiliolla Muilt, Mic 
Daithí, Mic Fiachrach, &c. g mbliadna; go ttorchair a ccath Cuile Conaire a Ceara‘, 
la Fergas, agas la Domnall, da mhac Muircertaigh Mic Earca. II. 

“ Aodh Fiontain, the brother of Oilioll an Bhanna, was slain together with 
Olioll an Bhanna himself, in the battle of Seghas. So in the copy or roll 
from Ballymote. 

“é Fearghas Mac Muiredaigh Mail, Mic Eoghain Sreimh, Mic Duach Galaigh, Mic 
Briain, Mic Eochaidh Muighmedhoin. 7. No more of him, nor is he set down at all 
as king in (the Book of) Ballymote. 

“ 6. Duach Teangumha, Mac Ferghais, Mic Muiredaigh Mail, Mic Eoghain Sreimh, 
Mic Duach Galaigh, Mic Briain, Mic Eochaidh Muighmedoin, &c. 7 mbliadhna do go 
ttorchair la Heochaidh Tirmcharna, a bhrathair. 7. Thus both copies. An error, 
but the copy from Ballymote adds, or as others will have it, he was slain in the 
battle of Seaghas by Muirccartach Mac Earca. The battle of Seaghais was fought 
A. D. §30.—O’Conor. 

“7. Eochaidh Tirmcharna Mac Ferghasa, Mic Muiredaigh Mail, Mic Eoghain 
Sreimh, Mic Duach Galaigh, Mic Briain, &c. Aon bhliadhain agas eug ad bath. 1. 

“ 8. Aodh Mac Eochaidh Tiormcharna, Mic Fergusa, Mic Muiredaigh Mail, Mic 
Eoghain Sreimh, Mic Duach Galaigh, 25 bliadna, agas Ui Briuin ros mharbh a ccath 
Binne Bugha, no Binne Baghna. sf. 

“ go. Maol Catha Mac Fogartaigh, Mic Cathail, Muiredaig Mail, Mic Eoghain 
Sreimh, Mic Duach Galaigh, Mic Briain. 7 mbliadna do. 

““IOo. Aodh, the brother of Maol] Catha, after a Reign of 7 years, was slain by 
Uadha, son of Aodh. 

“ 11. Uadha Mac Aodha, Mic Eochaidh Tirmcharna, Mic Ferghasa, Mic Muiredaigh 
Mail, Mic Eoghain Sreimh, Mic Duach Galaigh, &c. 9 mbliadna. 

“12. Colman Mac Cobthaigh, Mic Goibhnionn, Mic Conaill, Mic Eoghain, Mic 
Eochaidh Bric, Mic Daithi, Mic Fiachrach, &c. 21 bliadna; go ttorchair la Raghallach 
Mac Uadhach, a ccath bhinn Gubha. 21. 

“18. 


“ Fought A. D. 565.—C. O'Conor. This and the two following Kings are copied in 
f «5. in Ballymote. The 25 inserted are from the list from Ballymote, being left out in 
from O'Conor’s copies, by his own authority. the other copy.” 
IRISH ARCH. SOC. Is. S 


= Na oS eeeliinres, 


ie ee ae 


- = ee iii Le 


130 


43. Raghallach Mac Uadhach, Mic Aodha, Mic Eochaidh Tirmcharna, Mic Fer- 
hase, Mic Muiredaigh Mail, &c. 25 bliadna; go ttorchair la Corca Culle, agas ia 
Diurnal Mac Aodha Slaine [a ccath Conaill, is the only difference between the two 
Rolls). ag. 

ag Laighnean® Mac Colmain, Mic Cobthaigh, Mic Gobbhnionn, Mic Conaill, 
Mle Foghan, Mie Eochaidh Bhric, Mic Daithi, Mic Fiachrach, &. 7 mbliadna, go 
tfarehair ram, 7. He died by eating herbs. Thus from Ballymote. 

ag, Guaire Aidhne Mac Colmain, Mic Cobthaigh, Mic Goibhniond, Mic Conaill, 
Mic Mogham, Mie Eochaidh Bric, Mic Daithi, Mic Fiachrach, &c. 30 mbliadna do, 
0 0 tole) CH. H, 

* Donnehadh Mac Ceallaigh, after a reign of 20 years, was slain by a cast 
ofa juvelin, The copy from Ballymote, in which alone I find this man, 
places him in this order. 

af Counn Fraolnidh Mae Colgan, Mic Acdha®, Mic Seanaigh, Mic Duagh Tean- 
guiúha, Mae Féargasa, Mie Muiredaigh Mail, Mic Eoghain Sreimh, Mic Duach Ga- 
lainhí, Ac gg bhadna do; agas Ceallach Muc Adhamhnan,; i. Righ Conmhaicne, da 
Whusbhodh, nó Donnehadh Mae Ceallaigh ros marbh. 32. 

Cathal Mac Raghallaigh, Mic Uadach, Mic Aodha Mic Eochaidh 
‘Tiemeharna, Mic Feargasa, Mic Muiredaigh Mail, Mic Eoghain Sreimh, 
Mie Duach Gulaigh, 7 mbliadna, agas eug ad bath iaramh. The folio 
copy alone gives this man, and in this order it gives him. Quere about 
fou.  Rayallach had Feargas, Cathal, and Ceallach, 

eee @NTT TTT hadh Muitesec, Mie Maoil-Duibh, Mic Tiobraide, Mic Fiachaidh 
bateanth Mo Daithí Mie Finehraidh, Mic Eochaidh Maighmhedhoin, tc. 4 bliadhna; 
trorhanoaccath Carsin, apis Feargas Mac Muil, Righ Chineil Cairbre, la Cellach 
Mu. COTS) LC 4 

[hí hin i pedipree matust he defective, Wherefore (Conor dues Hot set 

shower dies father. 
rr Cuadlach Mac Haynllairh, Mie UCadbach, Mic Aedha, Mic Evchuidh Tirm- 
loser Mie Detataea, Mie Migredaivh Mail, Mic Eoghain Sreimh, Mic Duach Galaigh, 


\ vevbibooedioe cba, & ó etysardnin., 12. 
oe 8g. 
Uo aise pred lene, aa in the fol mic Near, Fu. 
th 44“; ól lin tha Grobdes capy . but in a6 Thus from Ballymote. Qurre ’ And thus 
We Weg eee oO thet hi tis afterwards repeated, tho’ I follow the Pedi- 


teasa dé)“ hWub Ciobpame, — gree of Donnead Muires, as I found it in the 


vee Weel saobh ó léine etl za, folio copy." 


131 


“ 19. Feargal Aidhne Mac Artghaile, Mic Guaire, Mic Colmain, Mic Cobthaigh, 
Mic Goibhnionn, Mic Conaill, Mic Eoghain, Mic Eochaidh Bhric, Mic Daithi, Mic 
Fiachraidh, &c. 7 mbliadna do, agas eug ad bath. 17. 

“ 20, Muiredach Muillethan Mac Fergasa, Mic Raghallaigh, Mic Uadhach, Mic 
Aodha, Mic Eochaidh Tirmcharna, Mic Fergasa, Mic Muiredaigh Mail, &c. 27 mbliadna 
do, agas a eug. 7. 

é Here the folio copy ends. 

“ 21I. Inreactach Mac Donnchadha Muirisce, Mic Maoil-Duibh, Mic Tibraide, Mic 
Fiachaidh Ealgaidh, Mic Daithi, Mic Fiachraidh, &c. 2 bhliadhain do, agas Fergal 
Mac Loingsigh, righ Chineil Conaill, agas Maol Mal, righ Chineil Eoghain ros marbh. 
Mao! Mall after O’Flanagan from Ballymote. 

“22. Cathal Mac Muiredaigh Muillethain, Mic Fergasa, Mic Raghallaig, Mic 
Uadhach, &c, 7 mbliadna, agas a eug a n-ord Crabhaidh. 

“ 23. Donnall Mac Cellaigh, Mic Raghallaigh, Mic Uadhach, Mic Aodha, Mic 
Eochaid Tirmcharna, &c. 7 mbliadna do, agas a eug. 

“ 24. Inreactach Mac Muiredaigh Muillethain, Mic Fergasa, Mic Ragallaig, Mic 
Uadhach, &c. 10 mbliadna do, agas a eug. 

““ 25. Aodh Balbh Mac Inrectaigh, Mic Muiredaig Muillethain, Mic Fergasa, Mic 
Ragallaigh, &c. 7 mbliadna do, agas a eug. 

“ 26. Fergas Rod Mac Cellaigh, Mic Ragallaigh, Mic Uadhach, &. 3 bliadna do, 
agas a eug. Thus Ballymote gives this King’s pedigree. O'Conor only calls him 
Fergus son of Kellach. 

é“ 27. Oilioll Medhraidhe Mac Inrectaig, Mic Donnchada Muirisce, Mic Maoil- 
Duibh, Mic Tiobraide, Mic Fiachaidh Ealgaid, Mic Daithi, 6 bliadna; and died of a 
wound he received in battle against Bressal son of Murchadh, in which Bressal was 
defeated. | 

“ 28. Duibhinreactach Mac Cathail, Mic Muiredaig Muillethain, Mic Fergais, Mic 
Ragallaig, &c. 5 bliadna do, and died of the Bloody Flux. 

“ 20. Donnchathach Mac Cathail, Mic Oliolla Medraidhe, Mic Inrectaig; 5 
bliadna, agas a eug. Ballymote. Query whether Cathal should be in this King’s 
Pedigree. 

é“ so. Flaithrí Mac Domnaill, Mic Ceallaigh, Mac Ragallaigh, Mic Uadhach; 5 
mbliadna do, agas a eug. 

“ 31, Another Flaithri—O’Conor. I don’t find him in the copy from Bally- 
mote. 

“ 32. Artghal Mac Cathail, Mic Muiredaigh Muillethain, Mic Fergais, &c. 4 
bliadna do; agas a eug, a Naoi Cholaim Chille, a n-ord chrabhaid. 

S2 “ 33 


132 


“ 33. Muirgheas) Mac Tamaltaig, Mic Murgaile, Mic Inreactaigh, Mic Muiredaigh 
Muillethain, &e. 30 mbliadna, agas a cug. 

“34, Tiobraide Mac Taidg, 5 bliadna do; agasaeug. Thus Mr. O'Conor calls 
this King, whose authority weighs more with me than the copy from Ballymote, 
which calls him Tibrady son of Murgeas. I know no more about him. Mr. O'Conor 
places Tibrady first, and Muirgeas last here, who knew best. 

35. Tiarmaid Mac Tomaltaigh, Mic Murgaile, Mic Inreactaigh, Mic Muiredaigh 
Muillethuin, &c. 18 mbliadna, avas a eug. 

36. Cathal Mac Muirgheasa, Mic Tomaltaigh, Mic Murgaile, Mic Inreactaigh, 
Xe. 17 mbhaina, agas a eug. 

339. Murchadh Mac Aodha, tr bhliana, agas a eug. 

“ 38. Feargas Mac Fathadh, 4 bliadna, agas a eug. Quere, of what race were these 
two Kings, viz., 37 and 38. 

* 39, Fionnacta Luibhne no Luimhne Mac Tomaltaigh, Mic Murgaile. Mie In- 
reetuigh, Mie Muiredaigh Muillethan, &c. deag a n-ord chrabhaidh, ar ttregion an 
shaoghail do, A.D. 846. Thus Mr. O'Conor, upon whose authority alone I insert 
this King. 

* 40. Conchabhar Mac Taidg, Mie Muirghesa, Mic Tomaltaigh. &e. 30 mbliadns 
dog agus aeug.  Mughron a ceomhtlaitheas ris 27 mbliadna, agas a eug na Righ ar 
leth Connaet. 

gr. Aodh Mac Conchair, Mic Taidg, Mie Muirghesa, Mic Tomaltaig., 6 bliadna 
do, agasaeug. He fought under Flann, monareh of Ireland, and was killed in battle 
against the Danes, ALD. 885. (O°Conor.) 

a2. Fad Mae Conchabhair, Mie Taide. Mie Muirgesa, Mic Tomaltaiz, 22 bli- 
adna, avas bas anabaidh ros fuair. 

43. Cathal Mae Conchabhair, Mie Taide. Mie Muirsesa, Mic Tomaltaiz, de 28 
hhiadna, anas bus anabaidh ros tug. 

“ag. Tada an Tuir Mac Cathail, Mie Conchabhair, Mic Taidg, Mie Muiryesa, 
Mie Tomaltaiz, &e. 30 bliadain, agas bas anabaidh ros tuy. 

“a5. Senthearghal i. Senfergal ua Ruaire, Mae Airt. Mie Ruaire, Mic Tighernain, 
Mic Sealachain, Mie Cearnachain, Mic [ }. IO mbhadna du, 
aras Domnall Mae Conghalaigh Righ Breagh da mharbhadh. 

é 46. 


' s Quaere, whether this Muirges had a son mTunanle, mic Inpeccung, mic Mu- 
called Muiredach Maighe Haoi, that had a claim pedurg Murllecain, 7c.. set down for Mui- 
tothe government, for in the folio copy 1 nd, peggech Muillethan. 1 don't find him anv where 
atter Fergal Aidhne, Mune duc Lange haon, else; and there he gets 27 years’ reign.” 
mac Muipgeapa, mie Comateag, mic 


133 


“ 46. Conchabhar Mic Taidg an Tuir, Mic Cathail, Mic Conchabhair, Mic Taidg, 
5 bliadna do, agas a eug. 

“ 47. Cathal Mac Taidg an Tuir, Mic Cathail, Mic Conchabhair, Mic Taidg. &c. 
Tri laithe do, agas a mharbhad a ccath Ceise Corainn, la Murchadh Ua Flathbertaigh, 
Righ Kineil Eoghain. (Thus O’Conor.) 

“ 48. Cathal Mac Concabhair, Mic Taidg an Tuir, Mic Cathail, Mic Concabhair, 
30 bliadhain do, agas a dhul a nord crabhaidh, agas a eug da bliadhain na dhiaidh. 

“ 49. Art Oirnidhe Mac Aodha, Mic Senfherghail Ui Ruairc, &c. 15 bliadna, 
agas a mharbhadh la Kineal Conaill Golban. N.B. Art O’Ruirc was living A. D. 
1021, and entered that year the province of Connaught, together with Malachy 
O’Neill and Donagh son of Brien, &c., and caused the hostages of that province to be 
given to Malachy. Annals Inisfal. This king is not universally allowed. 

“ 50. Tadg an eichghil Mac Cathail, Mic Concabhair, Mic Taidg an Tuir, &c. ao 
bliadain do, agas a mharbhad la Malsechlainn O’Mal Ruanaidh. N.B. Tadg com- 
manded the forces of Connaught at the battle of Clontarf, A. D. 1014; and is stiled 
King of Connaught. Supposing this year to be the first of his reign, he must have 
been 36 years king when his son Aodh succeeded him. An. Inisfallen. 

“ 51. Aodh an Ghai-bhernaigh, Mac Taidg an cich-ghil, Mic Cathail, &c. 17 mbli- 
adna ag dreim ris righe do chosnadh, gor marbhadh e a ccath Turlaigh Enaigh (san 
Ccorann) la h-Aodh Mac Airt Oirnidhe Ui Ruairc. 

é“ 52. Aodh Mac Airt Oirnidhe Ui Ruairc, 37 mbliadna, agas a mharbhadh a 
ccath Anachla, la Ruidhri na Soighe buidhe, Mac Aodha an ghaoi-bernaigh Ui Chon- 
chabhair. N.B. Conachail is near Bealan atha fada in Corann. He reigned but ao 
years, according to the Annals of Inisfallen. 

“53. Ruaidri na Soighe buidhe Mac Aodha an ghaoi-bhernaigh, 4 bliadna do, 
agas a shuile do bhuain as la Flaithbertach Ua Flaithbertaigh, Righ Iarthair Connact. 
[Iar-Connaught |. 

“64. Do ghabh Flaithbertach ua flaithbertaigh an Righe Mi do, gor ros marbh 
Siol Muireadaig a ndioghail Ruaidri na soighe buidhe a ccionn an resin. 

é gs. Domnall Mac Tigernain, Mic Ualghairg, Mic Neill, Mic Airt Oirdnide, Mic 
Aodha, mic Senfherghail ui Ruairc, &c. 3 bliadna do, agas a mharbhadh la Muintir 
Eolais. This was the third indisputable King of Connaught of the name of O’Ruairc. 

é“ g6. Domnall Mac Ruaidri ne Soidhe buidhe (agas an Mac ba sine lais) 4 bliadna 
do, agas *Muircertach Ua Briain, Righ Erionn go ffreasabhra, a ccenn an re sin da 

inorbadh, 


k ** Mnirchertach Mac Toirdhelbaig Mic Taidg Lachlaind ruled in the north. The one ruled in 
ruled in the south; Domnall Mac Ardgail, Mic Leith Moghe, the other in Leth Cuinn.” 


134 


inorbadh, agas og gairm righ Connact do Thoirdhelbhach Mhor Mac Ruaidri na Sioghe 
buidhe, da bhrathair a nauis a chuig mbliadan deag. 

é“ g7. Toirdhelbhach Mor Mac Ruaidri na Soighe Buidhe, &c. 47 bliadna na righ 
Connact agas Erionn agas a eug a n-Dun Mor. 

* 58. Ruaidhri Mac Tuirdelbhaigh Mhoir. Is an 14amhadh bliadain do flaitheas 
un Ruaidhri so os Connact, agas is an 4amhad bliadain da fhlaitheas os Erinn, san 
mbliadhain 116g. tangadar na ceadgoill shexancha go h- Erinn.” —Orig. MS. 

No list of the kings of Connaught has, until now, been published. The foregoing 
is inserted, as the most complete, sv far as it extends, that the Editor has met with. 
But the future historian may find it necessary to subject it to close examination; and 
in so doing, he will be aided by the labours of the late Doctor O'Conor, in his 
Rerum Hibernicarum Scriptores, and the various authorities there referred to. A 
catalogue of the Irish provincial kings, continued after the Anglo-Norman invasion, 
will be found in O’Ferrall’s Book of Pedigrees, preserved in the Office of Arms, Dublin. 


THE ANCIENT REGAL FAMILY OF O’CONOR OF CONNAUGHT. 


The following genealogical and hitherto unpublished account of the O’Conor family, 
compiled by the venerable Charles O'Conor, has been communicated by the compiler's 
grandson, the late Matthew O'Conor, Esq., to the Editor. 

* Achay Moymedon (Eochy Moyvane), who died king of Ireland, A. D. 366, had 
several sons. The principal were Brian, Fiacra, and Niall, from whom descended the 
families of Hy-Brune, Hy-Fiacra, and Hy-Niall. From the fourth to the thirteenth 
century, this race of Achay Moymedon was the most powerful in the kingdom. 
During that whole period the Hy-Brune had vast patrimonial domains in Connaught, 
and generally had the suffrages of the provincial states in the elections of provincial 
kings for that province. 

* When the Hy-Brune family subdivided inte several branches, the most powerful 
branch was distinguished by the particular name of Clan Murray (otherwise Siol 
Murray), trom Murryach Mullethan, who died King of Connaught, A. D. 702. In the 
eleventh century, Teige, chicfof the Clan Murray race (and King of Connaught, A. D. 
1030), took the sirname of O'Conor, and that sirname has continued in the family 
ever since. 

“In the twelfth century the O’Conors became very powerful in Ireland; from 
being provincial Kings of Connaught, they aspired to the throne of the kingdom, and 
succeeded, In 1136 Torlagh the Great had suthcient influence to get himself elected 
King of Ireland by a majority of the states. History gives him a great character. He 
reigned 20 years, and died A. D. 1156. 

é Ruderick way the elder son of Turlogh the Great, und from being King of Con- 

naught, 


135 


naught, was elected King of Ireland, A. D. 1166. In his reign the kingdom was in- 
vaded by Henry II. King of England. Roderick, deserted by most of the provinces, was 
finally, in 1175, obliged to enter into a convention with the King of England, wherein he 
yielded to become that monarch’s vassal for the province of Connaught alone. Thus 
ended the Irish monarchy. 

é From Cathal Crovedarg, the younger son of Torlogh the Great, descended the 
most powerful branch of the O’Conor family, as the succession of their history in the 
annals of the thirteenth, fourteenth, fifteenth, and sixteenth centuries amply testifies. 
From that Cathal Crovedarg, who died King of Connaught in 1224, is descended, in the 
sixteenth generation, Brigadier Thomas O’Conor, for whom we have drawn up the 
following genealogy. 

“ We have drawn out this genealogy from the most authentic materials in the 
archives of Ireland, and from the antient annals, as well as modern documents, now 
preserved in the Library of Trinity College, Dublin. To this noble repository of 
antiquities we had daily access thro’ the indulgence of Dr. Thomas Leland, the present 
librarian, and one of the Senior Fellows of the University. The accounts in the Herald’s 
Office in the Castle of Dublin could not be guides to us in the following genealogy; 
as they do not reach farther back than the 12th century. The later accounts in that 
office are only taken from the originals that we have perused. 

“ Having premised thus much, we now proceed to our genealogical line from Achay 
Moymedon to the Brigadier Thomas O’Conor, marking as we go along the principal 
evolutions in power and prosperity. C. O’Conor. 


“ Hy BRUNE. 


“ It. Achay Moymedon, King of Connaught, was elected King of Ireland A. D. 358, 
and died A. D. 366. 
“2, Brian, the common father of the Hy-Brune race, and Prince of Connaught, died 
A.D. 397. 
3. Duach Galach, Prince of Conaught, died 438. 
4- Eogan Sreve, Prince of Connaught, died 463. 
“é 5. Murryach Mal, Prince of Connaught, died 489. 
6. Fergus, Prince of Connaught, died 517. 
7. Eochy Tirmcarna, Prince of Connaught, died 543. 
8. Aodh, Prince of Connaught, was elected King of Connaught by the states in 
556, and died in the battle of Benbow, A. D. 577. 
“9. Uada, King of Connaught, 597. 
“10, Reilly, King of Connaught, 645. 
‘‘ 11. Fergus, Prince of Connaught, 654. 
““ CLAN 





"" 12. 


13. 


L4- 
15. 
16. 
17. 


"IN. 


"" 19. 


' 20. 
" 21. 
be 22. 


23, 


* a4- 


32. 


25. 


" 20. 


"" 2N. 
" 29. 
"" 30. 
" 31. 


33. 
3+ 


= 36, 


we 36. 


136 


* Cran MURRAY. 

Murryach Mullethan was elected King of Conaught A. D. 696, and died A. 1D. 
702. From him the principal Hy-Brune branch took the name of Clan- 
Murray, otherwise Siol-Murray. 

Inrachtach, died King of Connaught, 723. 

Murgaly, Prince of Connaught, 751. 

Tomaltach, Prince of Connaught, 774. 

Murglas, died King of Connaught, 813. 

Teig, Prince of Connaught, died 841. 

Concovar, King of Connaught, 879. 

Cathal, Prince of Connaught, g25. 

Teige of the Tower, King of Connaught, died A.D. 956. 

Concovar (otherwise Conor), 973. 

Cathal, roto. 

“ OPCONOR. 


Teige (of the white stecd), died King of Connaught, 1030. He was the firse 
who took the surname of O'Conor, 

Aodh (of the broken spear), died King of Connaught, 1067. 

Roderick (of the yellow hound), 1118. 

Torlogh the Great, King of Connaught, and elected King of Ireland 1136, died 
1156. 


. Cathal Crovedarg, elected King of Connaught, over which he reigned with great 


reputation 33 years. He died A.D. 1224. 

Aodh died, King of Connaught, 1228. 

Roderick, Prince of Connaught, was drowned in the Shannon, 1244 

Eozan (of the palace), King of Connaught. 1274 

Aodh, King of Connaught. 130g. After the battle of Athenry in 1317. the 
provincial power of the O°Conors in Connaught was much reduced. the 
English having wrested near one-half of the province out of their juris- 
diction. 

Turlogh, King of Connaught : he was called Torlogh Don, and his family took 
from him the surname of (Conor Don, 1345. 

Aedh. King of Connaught, 1356. 

Torlogh Ow, King of Connaught, 1406. 

Fedlim Geancach (Prince of the Plains of Connaught), killed in a skirmish 
treachers usly, 1474. 

Evgan Caoch (Prince of the Plains of Connaught), 1485. 


as 37- 


137 


“ 37. Carbry (Prince of the Plains, &c.), 1548. 

“ 38. Dermod (Prince of the Plains), died in his castle of Ballintobber. He married 
the daughter of Torlogh Roe O’Conor, otherwise O'Conor Roe, 1585. 

“ 39. Aodh (Prince of the Plains of Connaught), who compounded for his country 
of the Plains with Queen Elizabeth's Lord Deputy, Sir John Perrot, died 1627. 

é“ 40. Hugh Og of Castlerea, Commissioner for the province of Connaught in the 
Council of Kilkenny, A. D. 1642, died 1655.” 

“ From this Hugh Og descended Thomas O’Conor, Esq., an officer of great repute in 
the service of His Most Christian Majesty.”—See Dissertations on the History of Ire- 
land, p. 282. 

‘ The Hy-Brune, or Clan Murray O’Conors, ‘were descended from Teig, who 
first took that surname, and governed the province of Connaught in the year 1030; 
and from him, in the fifth generation, descended Roderic O’Conor, King of Connaught 
in the year 1157, and elected King of all Ireland in the year 1166, on the death of his 
predecessor Murkertach O’Laghlin, in the battle of Literluin. 

é In the year 1175, Roderic yielded to such terms as Henry II., King of England, 
proposed to him. In 1186 he resigned the provincial government of Connaught, 
which, after many contests, devolved finally on Cathal Crove-darg, Roderic’s youngest 
brother. 

“ From this Cathal Crove-darg, who died in the year 1224, descended the O’Co- 
nors of Ballintobber, otherwise the O’Conors Don. Hugh O'Conor, the chief of this 
name, in 1586, submitted to Queen Elizabeth’s Government, and the composition 
between him and the Queen’s Lord Deputy, Sir John Perrot, is still preserved in the 
Rolls Office in Dublin. 

“This Hugh O'Conor Don, of Ballintobber, gave the lands and castle of Belana- 
gare, with other estates, to his third son, Cathal Og, otherwise Charles O’Conor, who 
died on the ninth of February, 163[ ]. And these estates were confirmed to Major 
Owen O’Conor, the said Charles’s eldest son, in the Act of Settlement made in Ireland, 
soon after the Restoration of King Charles II. 

“ Major Owen O’Conor died without issue male in 1688. The confusions which 
followed subjected his estate to a dismemberment, on account of the forfeiture of one 
of his co-heirs. What remained, being two-thirds, devolved on his nephew, Denis 
O'Conor, who died at his house in Belanagare, February 1, 1750. 

é“ To him succeeded Charles O’Conor of Belanagare, still alive, and for him we have 
drawn up the following genealogical line, down from the time of Cathal Crove-darg 
O’Conor abovementioned : 

“1. Cathal Crove-darg O'Conor died in the abbey of Knockmoy, A. D. 1224. 
IRISH ARCH. SOC. IS. T “2, 


ag 


138 


. Hugh, his son, succeeded to the government of the Irish province in Connaught 


[namely, the countries yielded by the English monarchs to the O’Conors, as 
a government, independent of that established in favour of the first English 
adventurers]. This Hugh was killed in the court of Jeffrey Marsh, Lord 
Justice of Ireland, A. D. 1228. 


» Roderic, Hugh’s son. 


Eogan, Roderic’s son, succeeded to the government of the Irish of Connaught for 
three months, and was murdered in the monastery of the Fryers Preachers 
in Roscommon, A. 1). 1274. 


. Hugh, Eogan’s son, succeeded governor of the Irish of Connaught, and was killed 


by his own kindred, A. D. 1309, at Kell-an Clochan in Brefhny. 


. Torlagh, Hugh’s son, obtained the government. of the Irish province in Cun- 


naught, and was killed at Fiodh-Doruda in Munter Eolus, A. D. 1345. 


. Hugh, Torlagh’s son, obtained the government of the Irish province of his an- 


cestors; was deposed A.D. 1350, and murdered in Baly-loch-Decar, by 
Donagh O'Kelly, the chieftain of Hy-Many, A. D. 1356. 


. Turlogh Og, Hugh’s son, obtained the provincial government of his ancestors 


and was killed in Clunconrey, uA. D. 1406. 


. Feidlim Geancach, a minor when his father died, succeeded in his advanced age 


lintobber. He was killed in a skirmish with the O*Kellys of Hy-Many, 
A.D. 1474. 


. Eogan Caoch, Feidlim’s son, died, chief of his name, at Ballintobber.  Edania, 


the daughter of Daniel O'Conor of Sligo, his wife, died in 1.476, and he died 
himself ALD. 1485. 


. Carbre, the son of Eogan Caoch and Edamia, died in his eastle of Ballintobber, 


A.D. 1546. He married Dervorgilla, the daughter of Feidlin Finn O*Coa- 


nor, his own kinsweman. 


. Dermod, the son of Carbre and Dervorgilla, succeeded to the estates: of Ballin- 


tobber; married Dorothy, the daughter of Teig boy O'Conor Roe, and died 
at Ballintobber, A.D). > he lived in 1585. 





. Hugh. the sen of Dermed and Dorothy O°Coner, married Mary O° Ruark, the 


daughter of Bryan na Murrtha O'Ruark (who was exceuted in London in 
15yo). He compounded with the Queen's Lord Deputy, Perrot, fur his 
patrimonial estates, and died in his castle of Bullintobber, A.D. 1629, 
Cathal Og, otherwise Charles, the third son of Hugh and Mary O'Ruark, ob- 
tained the castle and estate of Belanagare from his father, on his inter- 


marriage 





139 


marriage with Anne O’Mulloy, the daughter of William O’Mulloy of 
Oghtertire, Esq. He died on the gth February, 1634. 

“15, Cathal Og, or Charles, the second son of the aforesaid Cathal Og and Anne 
O’Mulloy, married Cecilia O'Flynn, the daughter of Fiacra O'Flynn of Balin- 
logh, Esq., and-the chief of his name. This latter Cathal Og, or Charles 
O’Conor, died at Belanagare, A. D. 1696. . 

é 16. Denis, the son of the said Charles and Cecilia, married Mary O’Ruark, the 
daughter of Col. Tiernan O’Ruark (the grand-nephew of the abovementioned 
Bryan na Murtha, who forfeited). He left issue of that marriage, viz., 
Charles his eldest son, now living, and born in 1710; Daniel, born in 1727; 
and Hugh, in 1729.”—Orig. MS. 

Charles, born in A.D. 1710, was the venerable author of the “ Dissertations on 
the History of Ireland,” &c., and he also compiled the foregoing account of his own 
name and family. He was great-grandfather of the present Denis O’Conor Don, M. P. 
for the County of Roscommon. 

The kings of Connaught, from an early period, were inaugurated on the hill of 
Carnfraoigh, near Tulsk, in the present County of Roscommon. The duties of some 
of the chief officers on that occasion appear in an Irish manuscript, preserved in the 
library of the Duke of Buckingham, at Stowe, in England, codex iii. fo. 28, beginning 
“ Azur ap e ua Maolconaipe, 7c.” 

& It is O’Maolconar’s [Mulconry’s] right to present the wand to the king, and it is 
not lawful for any of the nobles of Connacht to be present in company on the carn, 
excepting O’Maolconar, who inaugurates, and O’Connachtan, who guards the entrance 
of the carn. The King’s horse and clothes become the property of the successor of 
Daconna, and he follows O’Conor on that horse; and an ounce of gold is paid to 
O’Connachtan, who is obliged to smooth the Carn at every inauguration.” —Cat. Stow. 
MSS. p.168. For the original of this fragment, see Rerum Hib. vol. i. prolegomena 2, 
p. 91. O’Ferrall, in his Book of Irish Pedigrees, preserved in the Office of Arms, 
Dublin, under the O'Conor family, notes, “ that the King of Connaught kept twelve 
prime officers, of the chief families of his country, in his court, attending his person, 
as his councell; and to rule and govern as well his household, as to manage the affairs 
of his kingdom, in war and peace, and were called, in Irish, Caoimg na Cnuaéan, 
which officers were hereditary from father to son. These were O’Flannagan, Mac 
Oireachty (Geraghty), O’Mulbrenin, O’Finaghty, O’Fallon, O’Flin, O’Manachain, 
O’Concanon, Mac Branan, O’Hanly, O’Heyn, O’Seachnusy.” These chief lords had 
from the king the following stipends for their services, viz. : ‘Fifty cows and fifty 
sheep on the day of Baal’s fire to Mac Geraghty ; fitty cows and fifty pigs every Samin’s 

T 2 day 


140 


day to him also; his surety in the district of Umhal ;—fifty suckling calves and fifty 
sheep on Bual’s fire day to O’Fionachty; and fifty pigs and fifty cows every Samin’s 
day to him; and his surety in Luighni of Connacht ;—fifty calves and fifty sheep to 
(? Maolbrennan every Baal’s fire day; fifty cows and fifty pigs every Samin’s day to 
him also; and his surety in the district of Fiachrach, ...... ;—fifty calves and fifty 
sheep on Baal’s fire day to 0’ Flannagan ; fifty suckling calves and fifty pigs on Samin’s 
day to him also; and his surety in Tirawly and Irrus. O’Conor’s high stewardship 
belongs to O’ Flannagan, in preference to the three other chiefs, lords of Connaught. 
The guardianship of his hostages and prisoners, and the command of the securities for 
the provision of his fleet, from Sliabh-an-Iron [ fron mountain] to Limerick, belongs to 
(P Hanly ;—the body guards of O'Conor, and the joint stewardship, and the £eherns to 
be under the control of Mae Brennan ;—the straw for the encampment, the furniture, 
and beds for O*Conor’s house, to be provided by the Clan Dockrey, and also the 
making of the ceneampment, whenever his fort is to be fitted up;—the guarding 
of the preys of O'Conor, when he pitches his tents, belongs to O’Flannagar, O' Berna, 
and 0 Dockrey ;—the guards of O'Conor, and their profits, from the Curra of Cen- 
netich castward, to Cenantuas, ure subject to the command of Jac Brennan ;—his 
guards from that Currach westward, to Cruach Patrick, belongs to the command of 
Flin ;—the command of the tleet to OF laherti and 0? Mali, whenever he goes on sea 
or on high sea. The chief of the house-hold of O’Conor is O’ Teiye [now Tighe], and 
he is mareschal of the household ;—the steward of the horse is O' Flin ;—the steward 
of the jewels is O’Aelly;—the chief marshal of the armies is Mae Dermott ;—the 
carver is O' Bern; —the door-keeper OF tonnachti; —the chief poet, O° .Maolconar. 
Each of these lords has twenty-four towns, as a domain for his own necessities, 
from O'Conor; and cach of the other four royal lords has cight and forty towns, 
namely, OPlannagan, Mac Gerachty, O Fionnachta, and O° Maolbrennan. The chief 
officers and champions, patient of fatigue, are the Gulenga, the Clan Cuanana, the 
Conmacniana, the three Lutjhnra, and the men of Cera; these are the chosen 
spearsmen of the armies, fur they are. It would be tedious to write all: 
there is not a lord, nor prince, nor governor of a district, from Ballyshannon, nor 
from Krrwa, the district of the Damnonii, to Caneach in Meath, and to Duleek, the 
monastery of Cianan, and from Loch-Erue to Lough- Derg, and to Birr, who is not 
subject to the laws and usages, the customs and the power, of O°Conor!,” &e.—Cet 
Now, MNS. p. 168. The foregoing is taken from Torna O'Muleonry, chief poet. of 
Connaught, who attended at the inauguration of Felim O'Conor, on the hill of Carn 
Fraosh, A.D. 1315. “See also Irish Writers, p. 98; and Rerum Hib. vol. i. proL a. 


p- 92. Here 
' This extract seems to be in some places mistranslated by Dr. 0 Conor. 


141 


Here the Editor takes an opportunity of correcting an error respecting the situ- 
ation of Rath Cruachan, the palace or ancient residence of the kings of Connaught. 
This error occurs in the History of Galway, where it is incorrectly stated, p. 33, after 
Beauford, that Rath Cruachan was situate between the towns of Boyle and Elphin, in 
the County of Roscommon. But that was a gross mistake, for although there is a well- 
known hill, called the hill of Croghan (Cpuacén), situate about mid-way between those 
towns (see the Statistical Survey of the County, pp. 282-4), yet it never was the resi- 
dence of our provincial princes. The late Dr. O’Conor has, however, pointed out the 
true situation of Rath Cruachan, viz., in the parish of Kilcorky, and barony of Ballin- 
tobber: “ Cruachan Arx Regia Connacie, cujus vestigia adhuc manent, distat duobus 
circiter miliaribus a Belanagare, et tribus a Castello de Ballintober. Vox ipsa Cruachain 
denotat, i.e. Collem Annult, sive collem circularem.”—Tig. p. 310, n. 76. Near it, to 
the south, is situate Roilig na Riogh, or the Cemetery of the Kings. Here a remarkable 
upright stone, about seven feet over ground, called lia beana, or the red stone, is 
pointed out as the monument of Dathy, the last of the Irish pagan kings. That 
prince is said to have been killed by lightning at the foot of the Alps, in A. D. 428.— 
See the Four Masters at that year, and Ogyg. p.160. The monument is alluded to 
by Mac Firbis, in his Book of Genealogies, p. 173, as follows: “ Cugaé copp Ode: 
go Cnuacain gup hadnaicead e 1 nelg na Riog 1 Ccpuacamn, 1 ppáil, a pabaoap 
Riogpais Síol Epeamoin do unmon, aic a ppuil, gur aniú, an Caippte Seanz mun 
lag ora lige na leacc, le Raie Cnuacdn, gur a nora, 1666.” This, and other 
curious vestiges of antiquity in the locality, are entitled to the first attention of the 
future topographer or historian of this interesting county. - 

Among the ‘‘ Depositions of Protestants,” &c., preserved in the Manuscript Library 
of Trinity College, Dublin, F. a. 2., “ Elizabeth Hollywell, relict of William Hollywell, 
clerke, of the town of Roscommon, saith that it was an ordinary and a common report, 
by and amongst the rebells of the county of Roscommon, that Charles O’Connor Dun 
of Ballentubber, Esq., was made king of Connaught; and one Christopher de la Hyde, 
Esq., a justice of peace and a Papist, told deponent, that all the rebell soldiers 
thereabouts were gone to Tudks, to make the said Charles O’Conor Dun king of Con- 
naught.”—Jurat, 10th April, 1643. Of the inclination to achieve the purpose here de- 
posed to, there can be no doubt; for it is a curious fact, that after a period of nearly two 
hundred years a similar project was contemplated in the very same district. During 
one of the late agrarian disturbances there, a deputation of the people waited on the 
late Mr. Matthew O’Conor, uncle of the present O’Conor Don, and announced to him, 
that at a general meeting of the barony it was proposed, and unanimously resolved, 
that he should be proclaimed King of Connaught. Not anticipating any dissent on 
his part from this wise resolve, the deputies respectfully requested him to appoint a 

time 


142 


time for the performance of the ceremony, on the hill of Carnfree. How the singular 
proposal was entertained may be easily anticipated. Mr. O’Conor himself related this 
circumstance to the Editor. . 

The old Book of Rights and Privileges, entitled “ Leabhar na g-ceart” (attributed 
to St. Beinin, who died A. 1). 468; but enlarged and continued to a much later period), 
preserved in the Books of Lecan and Ballymote, contains an account of the rights, 
revenues, and privileges of the kings of Connaught; and the subsidies paid by them te 
their subordinate chieftains. This begins: ‘* Cipa acap Cuanaroml Convace .1, 
mon cir Conouce itep biatad acap coimibeacr. Cedumurp co Cnuacan.’ The re- 
venues and subsidies of Conaght, i.e. the great rents of Conaght. both food (or enter- 
tainment) and attendance, First to Cruachan” ” An account is then given of the 
rights and privileges of the Conaght kings, bevinning “ Cirn& pe peancap nac 
puaill.”  Hear ye a story not to be contemned.” “This is followed by an account 
of the subsidies paid by them to their chiefs, beginning ‘* Cuapapeal cuicio Con 
ouce.” The stipends of the province of Conaght.”—See Irish Writers, p. 30; Book 
of Lecan, fo. 187; and Book of Ballymote, fo. 147. With these, the following extracts 
will be found, in the main, te agree. 

“The rights and tributes paid at Cruachan, the King’s residence, annually, viz. : 
From the territory of Umhkall, 100 mileh cows, 100 hogs, and 100 casks of beer 
(leand); trom Greagruidhe 100 bullocks, 100 milch cows, 60 hogs, and 60 mantles 
(Arat); from Conmharcene 240 mantles, 200 cows, and 80 hogs ; from Crarruathe 100 
cows, 100 bullocks, 60 red inantles, and 60 hogs; from Luighne 300 cows every May- 
day, and 150 hogs; rgomantles every All Saints eve (/a xamhne), together with 150 bul- 
locks for the plough 5 from the Corcathh I40 cows, 310 sheep [ 700, tn Lah, Lecan ]). 350 
hows, 380 oxen: from the Dealhhaaa, tor the freedom of their country, 150 red mantles, 
ISO hogs, and rpoexen; from feeie, tor their lands, 7o mantles and 7o hogs. “The 
free princes are those of PE Briuing Sil Muireadhaizh, 1 Fiachrach, and Cineal-sodhs 
(Atnalea). “These are tree from any tribute, and are as free as the king (com aaera fri 
Ria) Butitthe mouarch should war upon the King of Connaught, those princes are 
to aid the King with their forces, They are not to march their armies into the field 
Without pay. nor fight a battle without consideration, and if any of their men be 
killed, they are to have restitution (Fric) for the same. When the sovercimty is 
not in the }traseny of Aedh or Guaire, they (the latter) are to sit by the King’s 
shoulder (ve), and the best of them by his right shoulder (Gauala deaa).—See the 
dan or poom Eipag le Seancap, 7c. 

* What the King of Connaught is obliged to pay to his tributaries, for their sere 
vice, tributes, and lovalty.— Ló the chieftain of Stal Musreadhaigh his own ring and 
battle dress (sail agus errid), together with a shield, a sword, and a curselet ; to the 


Ring 


143 


King of Umhall 5 horses, 5 ships, 5 swords, and g corselets; to the King of Dealbhna 
ó shields, 6 swords, 6 horses, 6 cloaks, and § cups; to the King of Conmhaicne 4 
cloaks, 4 swords, 4 slaves, 4 women, 4 corselets, 2 mantles, and 2 pair of tables 
(fithil), to cups, and 10 horses; to the King of £ Mazne 7 robes, 7 cloaks, 7 horses, 
7 greyhounds; to the King of Luigne 10 horses, IO robes, IO cups, and 10 grey- 
hounds; to the King of J Briuin 5 horses, 5 mantles, 5 swords, § corselets, 10 cups, 
10 slaves, and ten pair of tables; to the King of North I Fiachrach 3 cups, 3 swords, 
3 horses, 10 rings, and 10 pair of tables; to the Prince of Cineal-n-Aodha 7 slaves, 
7 women (mna daera), 7 cups, 7 swords, and 7 greyhounds; to the Prince of Par- 
traighe 3 cloaks, 3 cups, and 3 horses. Thus the tributes and gifts of the kings and 
chieftains of Connaught are settled.” 

“ The King of Cruachan is obliged to give the monarch of Ireland, at his feast, 40 
keeves (dabach) full of liquors, with other necessaries; and not to go unattended to 
invite him. He is obliged to have, in return, from the monarch, at Tara, 40 cows, 
200 horses, 4 rings, 4 cups gilt with gold, all to be left at his habitation at Cruachan. 
And, as an additional gift, 4 red shields, 4 helmets of the same color, 4 corselets, and 
4 spears. He is obliged to keep Cruachan inhabited, and not to leave it to go west- 
ward more than three times in one year. The King of Cruachan (O'Conor) is obliged 
to give the King of Imanie (O'Kelly) 4 shields, 20 cows, 20 horses, and clothing for 
200 men; to the King of J Fiaghragh (O’Dowda) 4 ships, 10 women, ao slaves, and 
3 cups; to the King of Twath 20 beeves, 20 hogs, and 20 tuns well filled; to the King 
of Luignte 4 shields, 4 robes with gold borders, and 4 ships. He (O'Conor) is no 
further liable to his tributaries, and they are all obliged to accompany him to Tara.” 

The foregoing extracts from the “ Book of Rights” are here introduced as a 
curious elucidation of part of our provincial history. It must, however, be confessed, 
that they cannot be considered so perfect as might be wished, owing to the dif- 
ficulty of obtaining a copy of that ancient book, which could be relied on. Several 
transcripts of it are extant, but they differ so much from each other, particularly in 
the enumeration of the various articles of cíos, or tribute, that it is not easy to de- 
termine which is genuine. For an instance of this see the “ Rights and tributes 
paid at Cruachan” (Cios Ri Connacht) given in Rerum Hib. Scriptor. vol. i. proleg. 2. 
p- 90, from an ancient manuscript at Stowe, which will be found to vary from our 
original. A corrected copy, therefore, of the Book of Rights, published with the various 
readings, would be a useful addition to Irish literature. 

When the Anglo-Normans landed in Ireland in the twelfth century, the Cuzgeadh, 
Fifth, or Province, of Connaught, was inhabited by several tribes or families of Milesian 
descent; whose chieftains, and the territories which they ruled, have been recorded by 
one of the most learned of our antiquaries, Shane Mor O’Dugan, in a topographical 

poem 


144 


poem still extant. This valuable piece, like most of the other evidences of Irish 
history, still remains unpublished. A small part, consisting merely of the prose pre- 
faces to the descriptions of the several provinces, has been translated by the learned 
author of Cambrensis Eversus, and inserted in that work, see p.25. The portion re- 
lating to Connaught is here printed from a valuable copy of the original, in the hand- 
writing of Cucoigcriche O’Clery, one of the Four Masters, preserved in the Library of 


the Royal Irish Academy. 


The publication of the entire, which extends to the whole 


of Ireland, will, it is hoped, be achieved by the Irish Archeological Society. 


“CuwChonachc ino po co Cece. 


“O’Conchobaip Chnoní Conache. 
©? Flunagain, O’Muoil Mopsa, O’Cup- 
rug, agur O'Mugpom ceicne caoipis 
clomne Catal; O'Maolbnpendinn ap 
cloinn Chonchubaip ; O° Cacaldin ap 
cloinn Pugaprang; agup O'Maonmg ap 
cloinn Munpcuile ; agup Mag Oineach- 
cing ap muineip Roouib; O? Finachea an 
clomn Conmag: agup O'Finachea eile 
un clomn Mupchasda ; agup O'Conn- 
ceandino ap Unb Quapmara: agup Mag 
Mupchaod an cloinn Tomoleang: O' Fall- 
aman ap Cloinn Uaoach : Mac Oiap- 
mona an cip n-Orlealla, agup an cín 
Tuactal, agup ap epic Pean Tine, agup 
ap cloind Chuáin, agup an cín Neach- 
rinn, agup ap Cín n-Enoa, 


" Cuinn ne Opeipne. 


~O'Ruaipe cipo-z Opéipne. Mac 
Tigeapndin ap Ceallach n-Ounchaou : 
Maz Sampandin ap Ceallach n-€ach- 
lt h:agupMac ConpnamaaupclomoChro- 
nach; agup Mac Cagadaim an cloinn 
Peaupmurge 5 agup Mag Oonpchade ap 
cenél Guachtan, agup Mag Plann hada 
ap Ohapeporge ; O' Find aguy O'Ceanb- 


“Tn the Portion of Connauaht. 


*(YConor supreme King of Connaught. 
O'Flannagan, ©’ Mavil-Mordha, O’Carthy, 
and O*Mughroin (.Voran), the four chiefs - 
of Clan-Cathail; O'Maoil-Breanainn (Wad- 
renin) chief of Clan-Connor; O’Cahalan 
of Clan-Fagharta (Faherty); O"Maonaigh 
(Mooney) of Clun-Murthuile; Mae Oire- 
achty (Geraghty) of Muintir-Roduibh, 
O'Finachty of Clan-Conmaigh ( Clanconoo); 
another O'Finachty of Clan-Murchadhs,; 
O’Conceanainn (Concannon) of Hy-Diar- 
mada; Mae Murchadh of Clan-Tomultach; 
O’Fallamhain (OF allan) of Clan-Uadach; 
Mac Diarmada of Tir-Oillesll ( Tirerrill); 
Tir-Tuathail (7rrood) the country of Fear- 
tire, Clan-Chuain, Tir) Neachtain, and 
Tir-n-Enda. 


Tn the Portion of Breifny. 


we (Ruaire (Rourke) supreme King of 
Breithy., Mae Tighearnan ( Trernan) chief 
of Teallach Dunchadsa (Tadlahanen in Ca- 
tan): Mae Sambhradain (Mur Gosran) 
of Teallach-n-Eachach ; Mac Consnambs 
(Maeda Naw, now Forde) of Chin-Ciona- 
oth (Clan Keany); Mac Azgaduin (Mae 
Keegan) of Clan-Fearmuaighe (Glanfarne); 
Mac 


145 


gill an Challnoise ; O’ Ra allas an 
muineip Mao Mhspda; O'Cuino an 
muinczin n-Hrollagain; agur Mag Maoil 
Tora an min m-Oneacnarge; agur Mac 
Fronnbainn ap muineipn-Senaodin; agur 
mas Ragnaill ap muincin n-Golur; 
agur O’?Maoilmiadaig an Morgnerre ; 
asur Ur Cuinn an muínún Feap- 
sail; O'Maolcluiche an va Chainbpe; 
Ovh-€adpa agup O’h-Uachmapdan,agur 
O’Ceapnachémn, agur O'8abhna cig- 
eanntóc Cuíne; O’Oobelein agur 
O’Oumncachansé ; cigeapnaba an Cho- 
painn; Mag €ocha agur Mag Maonarg, 
asur Magmiaburg cps pean caoipig Mu- 
ge Cuina iaopde ; O'Oubna, cigeanna 
O'6-Fiacpach an Tuarreinz, O'Rovba 
co Coonaix; O’Muimeavharg, O’Sop- 
mós agur O’Cigeapnarg an Cheapa; 
O’Hinn an muínsein Mhanoachdéin ; Mac 
Spanam agur O’Maoil-M cil ap Chon- 
ca @achlann; O'h-Clinlise an cenel Dob- 
chaz; O’Ceateapnarg agur O’Céinin 
ap Chianpnafge muise; O'Maolmumd 
an clainn Taidz; azgup O’Flomn ap 
clainn Maoiw pvain; O’Roelédin an 
chaille pochaizy; Mac Scaizgil dan 
Choncomoga; agur O’6paoin an loch 
n-gealzora; O’Maille ap va Umall; 
OTalchandin an Chonmaicne cule; 
agup O’Cavla an Conmaicne mapa; 
Mac Conno: an Hno móin agur O'hao- 
naw an Gno m-bicc; Mac Clova an 
cloinn Corgpaiwe ; O’Flancbeanraig an 
muinap Mupchata; O'Newin agup 
Mac Giolla Ceallaig agup h-Ui Cle- 
iz an uib Fiachpach Finn; agur 
O’Ourbziolla an cenél chind Shatnna ; 
IRISH ARCH. SOC. 15. 


Mac Dorchey (Darcy) of Cineal-Luach- 
ain (at the foot of Slieve an Jerin); Mac 
Flanchy (Clancy) of the Dartry; O’Finn 
and O’Carroll of the Callraighe (Calry), 
O’Reilly of Muintir-Maoilmordha; O’Quinn 
of Muintir-Gilligan (in Longford); Mac 
Maoiliosa of Moy Breacraighe; Mac Finbar 
of Muintir-Geradan; Mac Raghnaill (Rey- 
nolds) of Muintir Eoluis; O’Mael-Miadh- 
aigh (O’ Mulvey) of Moyneise (in Leitrim); 
O’Quinn of Muintir-Ferrall; O’ Mul-Clui- 
che (Stone) of the two Carbries ; O’ Headhra 
(O'Hara), O’Huamarain, O’Cearnachan, 
and O’Gara, lords of Luighne (Leyny); 
O’Dobhelein (Develin) and O'Duncathy, 
lords of Coran; Mac Keogh, Mac Meany; 
and Mac Riavy (Afac Creevy), the three 
ancient chieftains of Moylurg; O’Dubhda 
(O’ Dowda), lord of North Hy-Fiachrach 
from (the River) Roba (in Mayo) to Cod- 
naigh (at Drumeliff in Sligo); O’ Muireadh- 
aigh (O’furray), O’Gormog, and O’Tighe- 
arny (O' Tierny), chiefs of Ceara (Carra ba- 
rony); O’Beirn, chief of Muinter Manach- 
ain; Mac Branain and O’Maol- Michil (Mul- 
ville, Melville, Mulvihil, Mitchell), chiefs of 
Corca-Eachlann ; O'Hanly of Cineal-Dobh- 
tha; O’Kearney and O’Kerinof Kerry of the 
Plain; O’Molloy of Clan-Teige ; O’Flinn 
of Clan-Mulruain; O’Rothlain (Roly) of 
Caill Fothaigh; Mac Sgaithghil (Sahil) 
of Corcomogha (Corcomoe); O’Broin of 
Lochgealgosa; O’Maille of the two Umhalls 
(Orcles); O’Talcarain of Conmaicne-Cuile 
(Kilmaine barony); O’Cadhla (O’ Kealy) 
of Conmaicne-mara ; Mac Conry of Gno- 
more, O’Adhnaidh (O° Heiney) of Gnobeg ; 
Mac Aodh (Hughes) of Clan-Cosgraighe ; 

O'Flaherty 


146 


agur Mac Fiachna ap ogaib Seachna; 
agur O’Cazadin an chenel Seona; agur 
O’Magnaap Chaennióe ; O’Seachnapdang 
agur O’Caedil, va eigeapna cenedil 
Cleda. 


“Cuno ua Manne. 


“ O’Ceallaig aipo-e1geapna O’Maine. 
O’Conaill ap Tigeanna ó Shpéin co 
Ceano muise; O’Neacheain agupO’Ma- 
oilalois, oa eigeanpna Maonmuige ; 
O’Mainom, agup clann an Ohdipo, agup 
O'Sccunna, agurp O'Ceanbáin, agur 
O’Curpam, augur O'óiallan,agur O° Mai- 
gin, 8ipé huca bur cageanna ap oinís 
é pon an luce nuile ne head a nige; 
O’Cacail, O'Mugpoin, agur O’Maol- 
puana epi cigeupnaide Cpumeaino ; 
O'Caobóg uinn an Chala; O’Ma- 
puddin an ríl n-CÍnmchaóa; agur 
O'h-Uallachdin beor ; ugup Muc Crve- 
adain an cloind Oianmaca cua agur 
ceap; agup Muc Giolla Pinnagiin agur 
O'Chionaort, an cloinn Flunteamann ; 
asur O’Oomnalldin ap cloinn Onearail ; 
ugup O’Donnchavha an chloino Chonp- 
maic Muonmuige ; agur O’Ourbsind an 
va Baile x on Ouibgino; agur O’Oocom- 
lain ap an Giomg; agur O*abpuin an 
Ohal n-Opuiene ; agup O’Muoilbmig ve 
Caoireac Murge Finn.” 


O'Flaherty of Muintir Murchadha ; 
O'Heidhin (O'Heyne, now Hynes), Mac 
Kilkelly, and O’Clery of Hy-Fiachra- 
Finn; O'Duibgioll (Dowell) of Cineal Kin- 
gamhna; Mac Fiachry of Oga Beathra : 
O’Cathain (Aane) of Cinel-Seadny: 
O'Maghna of Kaenry; O'Shaughnessy and 
O’Cahill, the two lords of Cineal- Aodha. 


“ In the Portion of Hy-MMaine. 


“O'Kelly supreme lord. O’Conaill lord 
of the territory from Grein to Ceann- 
Muighe (head of the plain); O’Neachtain 
and O’Maoilaloidh (O’'.VMudlally), the two 
lords of Maenmoy; O’Mainnin, Clan-en- 
Bhaird (Ward), O'Scurra, O’Leannain, 
()’Cassan, O’Giallain, and O' Maigin, which- 
ever of these seven happened to be lord, 
was chieftain over the other tribes during 
his supremacy; O’Cahill, O’Mugroin, and 
O’Mulroney, three lords of Crumthann 
(Cruffun); ©’Laodog lord of the Caladh 
(’Madadhain (Wadden), chief of Siol- 
Anmcha ; ©’Huallachain (Cuolaghan) ; 
Mac Eideadhain, chief of Clan-Dermot 
North and South; Mac Gilla-Finagan and 
O'Cinavith (O’Aenny), chiefs of Clan- 
Flathamain; ©’Dunnellan, chief of Clan- 
Breasail; O’Donchadha of Clan-Cormac of 
Maoninoy ; O’ Dugan of the twelve town- 
lands of O*Dugan; O’Docomhilan of the 
Eidnigh; ©’Gawran of Dal Druithne; and 
()Maol-Bride, chief of Moy-finn.” 


See Appendix 1. for the chief inhabitants of Connaught, and their possessions, 
towards the close of the sixteenth century, when the /rish tenures ceased, and the 
principal lords surrendered to Queen Elizabeth. 


NOTE 


147 


NOTE B. See page 2, noled. “ Barony of Clare.” 


The plains of Magh Seola, which form the present barony of Clare in the County 
of Galway, were the inheritance of the O’Flaherties and their ancestors, for upwards 
of 800 years antecedent to the thirteenth century. This district is frequently men- 
tioned in our annals, and other old writings. The Four Masters commence their 
celebrated work by stating, that the “ antediluvian nymph” Ceasoir died at Cuil Cesra 
in Connaught, and that she was interred at Carn Cesra. In our author's Ogyg. 
p. 162, it appears that Cnoc Meadha Siuil, a well-known hill, now called Knockmaa, 
near Tuam, in this barony of Clare, was supposed to be, “‘fertur fuisse,” Carn Cesra ; 
and that Cuil Cesra was near it: and to this day, an ancient carn, or monumental pile of 
stones, may be seen on the summit of that hill. In this district was fought, in the 
third century, the famous battle of Magh Mucruimhe, on a plain lying immediately to 
the west of the town of Athenry; in which battle Art, King of Ireland, was killed. The 
spot where he fell is still shewn, and is called Turloch Airt. See ante, p. 43, note “. 
Our author, in Ogyg. p. 329, points to it as situate “ inter Moyvoelam et Kilcornan.” 
The old castle of Moyvoela is still standing, and to the south of it lies Turloch Airt. 
It has been observed, that many less remarkable places have been distinguished by 
monuments in other countries. 

Not long after this occurrence, the territory or plains of Moy-Seola appear noticed 
as the scene of some of the apostolic labours of St. Patrick. An old unpublished history 
of Ireland, preserved in the Library of the Royal Irish Academy, informs us, ‘‘ that 
St. Patrick arrived in Connaught in A. D. 434, and making towards the twenty-four 
sons of Brian,” see unte, p. 127, ‘‘Echean, the eldest of them, mounting his horse, 
set spurs to him, and advised the rest of his brethren to do the same, and not to 
countenance the blessed clergyman; which they all did, save only Duach Galach, the 
youngest, who, staying on foot, courteously saluted St. Patrick, and tendered him 
respect and obedience. The holy man went still after Echean, and having overtaken 
him, asked if he were the man, which he denied; but St. Patrick, notwithstanding, 
cursed him, saying: ‘if you be Echean, I deprive both you and all your brethren 
about you of all royalty and felicity, except him only who honoured and cherished 
me, for my Lord Jesus Christ his sake.’ Then Duach Galach replyed, that if he was 
the eldest son he would have farther pleased the holy man. St. Patrick blessed him 
saying, you and your posterity shall be kings over your brethren.” And so it came 
to pass, for the future kings of Connaught, and the O’Flaherties of Jar-Connaught, 
and several other great families, were descended from this Duach. The story is, however, 
variously told; for which see Ogyg. p. 375; the Pedigree of the Hy-Briuin Aoi, by 
Duald Mac Firbis; and the Tripartite Life, Trias Thaum. p. 203 ; and part ii. ch. 52. 
But St. Patrick afterwards blessed the sons of Brian, ‘‘ suaque sacra benedictione mu- 

U2 nivit 


148 


nais new, acd all the people of Hy-Briuin Seola, “ gentem- 
t..x aes" te Suilt the church of Domnach-mor, now called 
teas oY tawh-Sealga, of which considerable remains may be 


ey Laugh: Hacket. which name it received from one of tho 
1 Mo.-Seola, in the thirteenth century, by the Earl of 
~ as wey driven westward by the power of the De Burgus.— 
: ALD. 1300, some of these ** Hackets” accompanied the 
ss eNpedition to Scotland.—Cal. Rot. Pat. 31 Edw. L 
sons of the De Burgos to a later period.—Id. Rut. Pat. 
is otlem was built the castle called Castle Hacket. In 
vex ris by inquisition, that " the sept of the Hackets was 
wow Blaeket in Moynter Murcho.” 1. é. in Moy Seola: “and 
sony celal Magherylary.”"—Jng., Rolle OF In the Com posi- 
ovo. rr RA in that vear, it appears that * the land of Shane 
Yo laa Sot Were 34. quarters.” —See Appendix, No. 1, and for 
é so. uv Rot. Pat. (ge dae. L. p. 2. and 179, p. a. 
> Aire barony, was thickly eastellated by the settler 
J ertoenth, and the three succeeding, centuries. The fol- 
wo castles, with their proprietors, &e.. i extracted from 
ALD. 4g80.” preserved in the British Museum, Cotton. 
Baronie of Clare, conteininge Movntazh Mr Hugh. 


i Ase here reogh, x miles long and vi broude : and Is. alter 
+ ey Burke fitz-Thomas, and MC Creamon (Redmond) chief 
ON ew ace ef Clare, viear. of Rilmillivan, viear, of Lekagh, viear. 
tow arhome,— Gent. and castles, Therle of Clanricard, Clare; 
—ehn Lynch titz- Willian, Yowghules Tybbot Lyogh. 

we aos Phomas Mh Henry. Ballendutfe: Movler M* Shean. 
vis éi. Fel, Masse 2 Nicholas Lyneh, Anazheoyne: Henry 
cl OM Roan, Cloghenwoyrs Ulli MS Reamon, Castle Hackett; 
a oy. WE Walter's sept. Cahermorise; Moyler Mé Reamon. 
; 4 NS si Cloghrin: Redmund MS Movler ADé Roe, Bealelarhome; 
yet Ao; dh Mr Richard, Comor; William Gaynard, Ca- 

sv dant, Lasadh; Richard Burke, Corotlyny; James titz- Ambrose, 
w LL Qwatanenyn: Thomas Ballazh, Beallabeanchere: Jolin Burke 
tye amdof Deremaciazhlyn ; Murrezl M’ Swyne, Kyleskiegh: 
- va. Walter Boy, Grange: John é ttz-Jolin titz-Ed., Carnan; 
- —Realiaveas Tirlazh Caragh M® Swyne, Caliirneticke; Froxe’s 
Most 


149 


Most of these thirty-three castles, which we here find inhabited in the barony of 
Clare, in A. D. 1586, were erected by the De Burgos, but they are now all in ruins. 
The Four Masters state, that the castle of Coroffyny, Coradhfinne, now Corofin, was 
built in A. D. 1451, by Mac William himself, i.e. Ulick, son of Ulick an fhiona, and 
father of Ulick, who, A. D. 1503, defeated O’Kelly [.Melaghlin], lord of Hy-Many, and 
destroyed his castles of Garbh-doire [Garbally], Muine-an Mheadha [Monivea], and 
Gallach [ Castleblakeney], places now (1844) well known in the county of Galway. The 
Four Masters add, that O’Kelly complained of those outrages to the Lord Deputy, 
Gerald, eighth Earl of Kildare; and that his complaint occasioned the memorable battle 
of Cnoc-Tuadh [the Hill of the Hatchets), fought in this barony of Clare, in A. D. 1504. 
But that such was the cause of that great and disastrous outbreak, does not seem cre- 
dible, or consistent with the general policy of the English rulers at the time; which 
was, not to afford any aid to the native Irish chieftains, or to redress their wrongs, 
but rather to root them out and seize their lands. And we are elsewhere informed 
that “the Burkes be of Englishe nacion;” and “ berith mortal hate to the Kelleys.”— 
State Papers, ii.p.451. But the “ Book of Howthe” expressly states, that the battle 
of Cnoc-tuadh was occasioned ‘by a private quarrel between the Lord Deputy and De 
Burgo. As the singularly curious account of that battle, one of “the most bloody 
that stains the Irish annals,” contained in the old Book of Howth, has not been pub- 
lished, I am induced to insert it here, from a manuscript in the Library of the Royal 
Dublin Society, stated to have been taken from that Book, fo. 108, a.—See King’s 
Collections preserved in that Library. 


“THE BATTLE OF KNOCKTOW, A. D. 1504. 


« After this the Earl [of At/dare| married another daughter of his to a great man 
in Connaught [Mac William of Clanrickard], which was not so used as the Earl could 
be pleased with; and said he would be revenged upon this Irishman, who stood at 
defiance with the Earl and all his partakers. The Earl] sent toall the Irish lords that 
were his friends, as O’Neil, O’Reily, O’Conor of O Faly, and all the power of the 
English Pale, so many as he could possibly make. For the Earl understood that all 
the Irish in Ireland were divided between him and his adversarys. They were a great 
number, whereof he had good experience. ‘Theretore he made better provision of all 
things; and the best men in all the English Pale, both spiritual and temporal. And 
being 20 miles off Knocktow, he called the noblemen to councell. Amongst all were 
certain bishops and men of law. When O’Neill saw them he said: * My Lord of 
Kildare, command the bishopps to go home and pray. for bishop’s councells ought not 
to be taken in matters of warr, for their protession is to pray and preach, to make fair 
weather, and not to be privy to man-slaughter or bloodshed, but in preaching and 

teaching 


150 


Aud [ assure you, it is a presumption for any prowd 
uaitucs are to be done, for it is contrary to his religion.’ 
ac Sar, what he would do with the judges and men of law 
air « matters of pleading, nor matters of arguments, nor 
x .wscussed by pen and ink, but by the bow, speare, and 
_.. . zeutiemen and men of warr, by their fierce and lofty 
satay serry, weak and doubtful stomachs of learned men, 
a. ‘sere teamed ever give good counsaile in matters of 
csp. ie, staying, or persuading men, in frivolous and 
«ie ir Laneelot’s doings. Away with them, they are over- 
ua sis. fer our matter is to be decided by valiant and 
cui wise men of warr, practised in the same faculty, 
‘natters of religion” The Baron of Delvin, called 
sh that with a glorious tale he could utter 
é ued and to the Prince, I shall be the first that 
asin the Irish in this battle. Let him speak now 
"as ‘unt of Gormanston said, that it was good to be 
ge atter a good advisement, there shall come a good 
au wee. Let us understand the matter ere we take 
.. enany perills may full unless wee take the better 
awa de quarrell again, and debate the matter whether 
x ct, and let the King be privy to this weighty and 


us irt the whole realm in hazard if wee speed not 


= 

-s a OU 
“sa NN 

ns & te ® 


«at * 


er & 
eo ee BEY against us, and this is so much as I at this 
ax oo rae clock in the afternoon before the day of battle, 
Soa teh appointed. Sir Nicholas, lord of Houth, sayd, 
soccer are Not to be disallowed, let it be as thev have 
cancels opinion is good, s0O it had been spoke before 
vat, here is my opinion, seeing the time is short: 
a hul above two hundred horsemen. Whereunto 


- we 
a: Wt 
a 


avn at them, and asked of the counsel] to go to 
want that none should go until they had gone all; 
eatleman, at which young Gerot was very SOrTy, 


a" re Wc NAA 


ma 1 a 
Ln Ves ef hung. "Wells said the Lord of Howth, "to 
ca. matter Was determined before we came hitber 


Sep werw hot, the time is not now to argue the case, 
the displeasure of uur Prince, if wee win this battle, 


. man . 


. Geena AA ib 


w 


151 


as I am sure we shall, though the King frown a little with his countenance, his heart 
will rejoice. And admit he will be offended upon losing this field, he that shall live 
let him beare the blame or burthen, as for my part I am assured to win this battle or 
to loose my life, and then all the world is gone with me, vayell que vayell pourya, 
for I will be afoot in the wayward that day myself. But to the matter. Let us 
send away our sons and heires to revenge our quarrell, if need so require; and pre- 
scribe our battles in perfect order this night, that every man shall know to-morrow 
his charge. For it is not when we shall go to fight, that we should be troubled with 
discussing the matter.’ 

é “é Well,’ sayed the Earle, ‘ my dear cousin, you have well spoken; be it as you 
now have said.’ ‘ No,’ said young Gerot the Earl’s son, ‘ by God's blood I will not go 
hence and leave so many of my friends in battle, for I mean to live and die among 
you.’ ‘ All well,’ said the Lord of Houth, ‘boy, thou speakest natural, for ever this 
kind is such from this first generation, and first coming into Ireland, so thou art to 
be born withall, thou worthy gentleman and lyon’s heart.’ The lords of Killeen and 
Trimelston thought the number of Irishmen to be very great, as they were certainly 
informed by certain spies, which brought them word, that the number of the English 
side were not the sixth man to a man; and said in plain terms, ‘that a good giving 
back were better than an evill standing, and in further time better provision might 
be made to serve such a turn.’ ‘It is well spoken,’ said the Baron of Slane, and 
Lord of Dunsany. ‘ Good God,’ said the Lord of Houth, ‘ by our Lady that is blessed 
in the north church of Houth, you four might have spoken those words in some 
other ground than this is, and our enemies now being in sight, and the night at hand.’ 

é «Well, said the Earl, ‘call me the Captain of the Gallowglass, for he and his 
shall begin this game, for it is less fair of them four, than it is of our younger men.’ 
‘I am glad, said the Captain, ‘you can do me no more honour; and took his axe in 
his hand and began to flourish. ‘ No,’ said the Lord of Houth, ‘I will be the 
beginner of this dance, and my kinsmen and friends; for we will not hazard our 
English good upon the Irish blood. Howbeit it is well spoken by the Captaine of 
the Gallowglass, nor shall they not be mixed among us. Then all things was 
according to the matter prepared; the bowmen put in two wings, of which the Lord 
of Gormanston and Killeen had the charge, being good men that day. The bill-men 
in the main battle, of which the Lord of Houth was leader; and in the wayward 
himself. The Gallowglass and the Irish in another quarter. The horsemen on the 
left side the battle, under the guiding of the worthy Baron of Delvin, by reason 
there was a little wall of two foot high of the other side the battle, which would 
somewhat have troubled the horse. After all things put in order, they went to 

supper, 


152 


supper, and after. their lodging to rest the residue of the night. The ground was 
appointed, and all such things as were necessary for such a purpose. 

" At midnight, a horsemun came from the Irish camp to the Earl, and willed him 
to get him away, and save his life; and said, it was but folly to fight. For this man 
was, afore this time, a horse-boy to the Earl, and gave him first horses. The Earl 
came incontinent to the Lord of Houth, being in a sound sleep, to tell it him, and a 
lone while he was e’re he could wake him, for he called upon him divers times; at 
which the Earl marvelled, for he could not awake him by his voice, he slept so sound: 
and at length he awoke by stirring of him, and blamed him, who answered, that 
al) things before were determined in his mind, and so nothing else in his mind to 
trouble him but sleepe. ‘For it must be ours or theirs,’ said the Lord of Houth, 
‘therefore my mind is settled, but before this Í could not rest well? * Well,’ said 
the Earl, ‘how is the business? This man is come to me as a trusty friend,” and so 
told the whole matter, as he told the Earl before. * Well,’ said the Lord of Houth, 
‘suffer him to pass, and 1 pray you tell this tale to no more, for it will rather do 
harm than good And with that he arose and incontinent after the day appeared. 
And so they went and prepared themselves in good order of battle, and did appoint 
voung Gerot, a valiant young gentleman, with a choice company for reliefe; fearing 
so great a number of enemies would inelose them about, being far less in number 
than the Irish, as O’Relly, AL William, O'Brene, and the rest. 

AML that night was watching, and drinking, and plaving at cards, whe should 
have this prisoner or that prisoner, and thus they passed the night over; and at morrow 
they prepared for battle, in such order as their custom was. They sett forward their 
Gallowglass and footmen in one main battle, and all their horse on their left side, and 
socame on, The Earl of Kildare, after his battle set, willed that they should stand 
within that little wall of two foot high, that was made afore by those that dwelt 
there for safeguard of their horses; and rede upon a black horse, and made this 
oration : 

"a My friends and kinsmen, | say to vou that here is aguinst us a great number 
of people, without weapons; for a great number of them have but one speare and a 
knite, without wisdom or good order, they march to battle as drunken as swine to 
a trough, which makes them more rash and foolish men. than wise and valiant 
Remember all that wee have done rests upon this day's service: and also the honour 
ef our Prince, and remember how we are in a country unknewn to the most number 
of us, and farr from our townes and castles.” The Earl did not well finish these 
words, when they heard three great eries that disturbed his oration. A company of 
tall worthy gentlemen being in the fore part of the English battle, amongst all was 

Hollywood 


153 


Hollywood of Artain, which seldom heard the like. ‘ What meaneth this cry,” said 
he, ‘do they think that we are crows that we will fly with crying;’ and sware by the 
holy St. Nicholas that blesses Artain, ‘they shall find us men ere we depart.’ With 
that, the Irish gallowglass came on, to whom the English archers lent such a shower 
of arrows, that their weapons and their hands were fastened together. M*° Swine, 
captain of the Irish gallowglass, came foremost, and asked where was great Darcy? 
Darcy answered that he was at hand, which he should well understand. With that, 
Mc Swine struck Darcy such a blow upon the helmet that he put him upon his knees. 
With that, Nangle, Baron of the Nowan, being a lusty gentleman, that day gave 
M¢ Swine such payment, that he was satisfied ever after. They fought terrible and 
bould awhile. The Irish fled, among whom there came a horseman running among 
the English, and asked who had the Earl of Kildare and the rest of the lords of the 
English Pale prisoners. With that one Skynvors [Sguyvors in another copy], a souldier 
out of Dublin, struck him with a gun, with both his hands, and so let out his brains. 
The young Gerot this time being left for reliefe, seeing the battle join, could not stand 
still to wait his time, as he was appointed by the Earl his father, but set on with the 
foremost, in such sort that no man alive could do better with his own hands, than he 
did that day, for manhood of a man. But by reason of his hastyness not tarrying in 
the place appointed, all the English carriage was taken by the Irish horse, and a few 
of the English gentlemen taken prisoners that was on that side the battle. When the 
battle was done, and a great number of Irish slain, as it was reported nine thousand, 
the Lord of Gormanston said to the Earl, ‘ Wee have done one good work, and if wee 
do the other wee should do well.’ Being asked what he meant, sayed he, ‘wee have, 
for the most number, killed our enemies; and if wee do the like with all the Irishmen 
that wee have with us, it were a good deed.’ 

é This battle was fought the 19th day of August, 1504, at Knocktow, which is 
from Galway 5 miles. The hill is not high but a great plain. The greatest of the 
Irish was Richard Burke, father to Ulick ne Kyen. M* William Eytragh, that is also 
of the Bourkes, at this time was with the Earl. The O’Briens was with M° William. 
The Baron of Delvin, a little before the joining of the battle, took his horse with his 
spurs, and threw a small spear among the Irish, and slew by chance one of the Bourkes, 
and returned. The Earl said to him that he kept promise well, and well did and 
worthy, saving that after his throw he retired back. After, they went to Galway, 
where the Irish gathered again, and said they would give to the Earl another field; 
but they durst not ever fight a battle with the English Pale. The Earl bestowed 30 
tun of wine among the army. There was a sore fight after between M° William east, 
and M‘William of the west. By reason at that field aforesaid, they held not together; 


IRISH ARCH. SOC. NO. IS. X but 


154 


but he of the east had the worse. The Earl] of Kildare was made knight of the garter, 
after the fight of Knocktow.” 

The foregoing description of the celebrated “field of Knocktoe,” in the old histori- 
cal romance style, was apparently penned by a friend or retainer of the Howth family 
(probably some troubadour of the Pale), who flattered his patrons, but perverted the 
truth. ‘That the narrator was ignorant of many leading facts connected with the 
subject, or that he has wilfully misrepresented them, appears from contemporaneous 
evidence of the highest authority. Thus, he has described the Anglo-Norman Clan- 
rickard as a mere Irishman; and has next asserted that “O'Neill” was engaged in 
the battle, on the side of the lord deputy; but the contrary of this is recorded in the 
Annuals of Ulster, A.D. 1504. Thither (40 Anocktow) “ went O’Donnel, O'Reilly, Mac 
Mahon, O'Farrell, O'Connor Faly, and all the Gaedhil of Leath Chuinn, excepting 
(Y Neill, alone,—7 Oaeoil leice Cuinn uile, acc mad O’Neill amáin,” See the copy 
of these Annals in the Library of Trinity College, Dublin. Ware reduces the number 
of slain at Knocktow, from nine thousand to two thousand.— Annals, A. D. 1504. The 
speeches attributed to the leaders, and the night scene between Howth and Kildare, 
are all imaginary, and well adapted for dramatic representation. 

The Book of Howth, from which the narrative has been taken, is a miscellaneous 
compilation of the sixteenth century; supposed to have been made for Christopher, 
the blind Baron of Howth, who died A. D. 1589; and who was grandson of that * lord 
of Howth,” who is said to have performed so conspicuous a part in the battle. This 
book, for more than a century past, was supposed to be lost, but it has been recently 
discovered by Mr. O*Donovan, among the Carew MSS. preserved in the library of his 
Grace the Archbishop of Canterbury, at Lambeth, London, where it lay catalogued 
under a wrong title. “The recovery of this book may be useful, if only to expose the 
origin of those fables, which Hanmer, Stanihurst, Cox, Leland, and other writers have 
advanced us true historical facts. From it, Hanmer published his accounts of Sir 
John De Courcy, and Sir Armuric St. Lawrence, ancestor of the Howth family. It 
likewise appears to have been consulted by Ussher and Ware. See the MS. F. 4, 4 
Trinity College Library, Dublin. Alsou F. 4, 30, for " Extracts out of the Book of 
Howth, penes Thomas Stafford, Esq, very false in many particulars.” By those best 
acquainted with our records and history, it has never been considered of authority, nor 
held in any other hight than as a compilation of Anglo-Irish fables, invented to flatter 
and amuse the inhabitants of the Pale. 


NOTE C. See page 3. net. " Enachdun” 
In the sixth century, Aedha, the son of Eochy Tirmcharna, King of Connaught, 


bestowed Enachdun en Goud and Breanuinn (St Brendan of Clenfert), " Qooa mac 
E€ . a 


155 


Eataé Tiopmecapna mic Pheangura po chiodnuic Eanacouin vo Ohia azgur do 
Ohpeanuinn an cup.” —Book of Ballymote, p. 54. The first ecclesiastical foundation 
here was a nunnery of canonesses of the order of St. Augustine, dedicated to the Blessed 
Virgin Mary (Ware), established by St. Brendan, who placed his sister Briga over it; 
and died here himself, according to the Annals of Tigernach, in A. D. 577; but according 
to the Four Masters (who here anticipate the common era by one year) on the 16th 
of May, A. D. 576. See Ussher, in Primord. p. 955, who states that Enachdun was 
“in provincia Connachtarum in plebe Huabruin.” An abbey of Canons Regular, or. 
Premonstratenses of the order of St. Augustine, was also founded here at an early 
period (Ware), but by whom is not stated. Enachdun was afterwards erected into a 
bishop’s see, probably by the chiefs of Hy-Briuin Seola, the progenitors of the O’Fla- 
herties; but there is no regular list or account extant of its ancient bishops. It is not 
named among the five sees of Connaught regulated at the synod held at Rath Breasaill, 
in Leaghes (the present Queen’s County), A. D. 1110. Those sees were: 1. Tuaim da 
Gualan; 2. Cloinefeart Brenuin; 3. Conga; 4. Cilalladh; 5. Ardcharna. The see of 
Cong soon after this ceased; or, as is most likely, the episcopal chair was transferred 
to Enachdun, which is but a few miles distant. This synod made the following decree 
respecting Connaught: “If the clergy of Connaught be satisfied with the division, we 
are well pleased, but if not, let the division be made according to their own pleasure; 
onlie they shall have but five bishops in the province of Connaught.” Harris, in 
Ware, was in the dark with respect to this synod; and even Dr. Lanigan himself 
appears not to have been fully informed on the subject. Seech. 25, ss. 13, 14. An 
account of this synod will be found in an old unpublished History of Ireland, preserved 
in manuscript in the Library of the Royal Irish Academy, Dublin. Ware, in his 
Antiq., cap. xvi. mentions ex antiquo codice, “ Tuathal O’Connaigtaig episcopus Huam- 
bruin, i. Enachdunensis,” as present at the synod of Kells, A. D. 1152, but Ware’s 
explanation of Huambruin by Enachdun is doubtful; besides, no such bishop appears 
in the lists of Keating or Colgan, which are acknowledged accurate. Ware also states, 
in his Annals, since the coming of the English, that Concors, Bishop of Enachdun, 
with other Irish prelates, was present at the British Council held in A. D. 1189. See 
also Lanigan, c. 31,8. 7. At A.D. 1201, the Four Masters record the death of Conn 
O’Mellaigh (O’ Malley), bishop of this see, and a bright ornament of the Church. 
A. D. 1238, the Cloic Ceaé, tower or steeple of Enachdun, was built.—ZJd.; but no 
trace of it now remains. A. D.1241, Muircheartach O’Flaherty, Bishop of Enachdun, 
died.—Jd. A.D. 1250, Thomas O’Meallaigh, Bishop of Enachdun, died.—Jd. On 
the death of the latter, Bishop Concord was consecrated, but Florence Mac Flin, Arch- 
bishop of Tuam, entered on the see, and retained it against him. See Harris in Ware, 

X 2 who 


156 


quotes from Prynne some of the documents connected with this long continued dispute, 
particularly Archbishop Mac Flin’s extraordinary petition to Hen. ITI. A. D. ian, 
which states that “the church of Enachduin was but a parish church belonging to 
Tuam.” In A.D. 1268, Hugh, the son of Connor O'Flaherty, official of Enachdun, 
died.—Four Masters. By the Close Roll, 2 Edw. 11., A. D. 1309, it appears that one 
Gilbert, a Friar Minor, was elected to this see by the Dean and Chapter, but without 
license; and that the King, for a fine of £300, restored the temporalities.—Calendar, 

-p. 7. No, 12. This bishop is not mentioned by Ware, Harris, or Lanigan. In A.D. 
1324, Thomas O'Malley, Bishop of Enachdun, died at Rome, according to the Four 
Masters; but the Annals of Loughkee, quoted by Ware, state that he died at Avignon, 
in A. 1). 1324, which was after the union of the see of Enachdun to Tuam.—War, 
In A. 1). 1400, the church of Annadown (Hnackdun), was built by O'Flaherty (2iugh 
Mor), chief of his name.—Sce an entry to that effect in the Herald’s Office, Dublin; 
but it is probable that the church was only repaired, or partially re-edified, at the 
time, In A.D. (411. the monastery was burned.—Four Masters. In A.D. 1484, the 
parish church of St. Nicholas of the town of Galway, being in the diocese of Enachdun, 
wis erected into a collegiate church, and endowed with several ecclesiastical benefices 
which formerly belonged to that see—Hist. Galway, p. 234. After the Suppression, 
the possessions of Enachdun were granted to the Earl of Clanricarde and others— 
Archdall, 78y. All the buildings there are now in ruins. 

The following Bulls of Popes Innocent VITE, Alexander VI., and Julius H., A. D. 
1487-0508, relating to the diocess of Kaachdan, have been transcribed by the Editor 
from the originals preserved In the old Ce Heviate Library of Galway ; and they are here 
inserted for the cogent reason assigned by De Burgy, for introducing similar docu- 
nents: “Ne pro consueto Hibernoruin infortunio, ne dicam negligentia, prorsus de 


memoria hominum deleantur."—J0, Dom. p. 440. 
I, 


ii Bulla pre Par. de (rromee), a. D). 1487. 


© Lecta in anudientia, A Zenua, locum tenen. 


“Tnnocentius episcopus servus servorum Dei, dilectis filiis Johanni de Burgo et 
Nemee Maguelly canontels ecelesic Enachdunensis ac oflicialibus Enachdunensibus, salu- 
tera ef wpostolieam benedietionem. Apostolice sedis providentia circumspecta ad ea 
Jl nter intendit per que in sinzulis eeclesiis continue benedicatur altissimus, ac per- 
woneceee}esinstice in ills divinis laudibus insistentes, temporalium rerum, sine quibus 
spourttualia din subsistere nun possunt, ubertate fruantur. Cum itaque, sicut acce- 

pimus, 


157 


pimus, rectoria parrochialium ecclesiarum de Gnobeg, Enachdunensis diocesis, invicem 
unitaram que de jure patronatus laicorum existet, ex eo quod dilectus filius Mauritius 
Offlaghart, olim rectoriam predictam, tunc certo modo vacantem et canonice sibi colla- 
tam, assecutus, illamque per annum et amplius pacifice possidens, se non fecit, impedi- 
mento cessante legitimo, nullaque per eum super hoc dispensacione obtenta ad aliquem 
ex sacris ordinibus promoveri, vacet ad presens, et tanto tempore vacaverit quod ejus 
collatio, juxta Lateranensis statuta concilii, est ad sedem predictam legitime devoluta, 
licet prefatus Mauritius, rectoriam predictam, sic vacante, nullo titulo, nullove juris 
adminiculo sibi de novo quesito, sed temeritate propria et de facto per nonnullos annos 
detinuerit, prout adhuc detinet indebite occupatam. Et ut exhibita nobis nuper, pro 
parte dilectorum filiorum moderni rectoris, Guardiani nuncupati, et octo presbiterorum 
ecclesie Sancti Nicholai ville Gallvie, dicte diocesis, inibi inter se collegium auctoritate 
apostolica constituentium, petitio continebat si rectoria predicta masse communium 
fractuum, reddituum et proventuum dicte ecclesie Sancti Nicholai, qui inter rectorem 
deservire tenentur, dividuntur, et ad ipsorum sustentacionem non sufficient, perpetuo 
uniretur, annecteretur, et incorporaretur, ex hoc profecto commoditatibus rectoris et 
octo presbiterorum predictorum plurimum consuleretur, pro parte rectoris et presbi- 
terorum offerentium masse quadraginta, et rectorie predictarum duodecim marcharum 
sterlingorum fructus, redditus et proventus, secundum communem estimationem valo- 
rem annuum non excedere, nobis fuit humiliter supplicatum, ut rectoriam predictam 
eidem masse perpetuo unire, annectere et incorporare, aliasque in premissis oportune 
providere, de benignitate apostolica dignaremur. Nos igitur, qui dudum inter alia, 
voluimus, statuimus et ordinavimus, quod quicunque beneficium ecclesiasticum tunc 
per annum immediate precedentem pacifice possessum, et quod certo modo vacare pre- 
tenderet, deinceps impetraret quot annis illud ipse possessor possedisset in hujusmodi 
impetratione exprimere deberet et teneretur, alioquin impetracio predicta, et quecun- 
que indesecuta, nullius existerent firmitatis, quamque de predictis certam noticiam non 
habemus, prefatos rectorem et presbiteros ac eorum singulos a quibus excommunica- 
tionis, suspensionis et interdicti, aliisque ecclesiasticis sentenciis, censuris et penis, a 
jure vel ab homine, quavis occasione vel causa latis, si quibus quomodolibet innodati 
existunt, ad effectum presentium duntaxat consequendum, harum serie absolventes, et 
absolutos fore censentes, necnon tempus per quod prefatus Mauritius dictam rectoriam 
detinuit pro expresso habentes, hujusmodi supplicationibus inclinati, discretioni vestre, 
per apostolica scripta, mandamus, quatenus vos vel duo aut unus vestrum, si vocatis 
dicto Mauritio et aliis qui fuerint evocandi, rectoriam predictam, ut premittitur, vel 
alias quovis modo aut ex alterius cujuscunque persona, seu per liberam resignationem 

dicti 


158 


dicti Mauritii, vel alicujus alterius de illa extra Romanam Curiam, etiam coram notario 
publico et testibus sponte factam, aut constitutionem felicis recordationis Johannis 
Pape XXII., predecessoris nostri, que incipit ' Execrabilis,’ vel assecutionem alterius 
beneficii ecclesiastici, ordinaria auctoritate, collati, vacare et quoad unionem hujus- 
modi premissa fore vera reppereritis rectoriam predictam, etiam si dispositioni aposto- 
lice specialiter reservata existat, et super ea inter aliquos lis cujus statum presentibus 
haberi volumus, pro expresso pendeat indecisa, dummodo tempore dati presentium non 
sit in ea alicui jus specialiter quesitum, et ad id dictorum patronorum et aliorum, 
quorum interest, expressus accedat assensus, cum omnibus juribus et pertinenciis 
suis, eidem masse, auctoritate nostra, perpetuo unire, annectere et incorporare curetis. 
Ita quod liceat extunc rectori et presbiteris prefatis, per se vel alium seu alios, 
corporalem rectorie, Juriumque et pertinenciarum predictorum, possessionem propria 
auctoritate libere apprehendere ac perpetuo retinere, illorumque fructus, redditus et 
proventus in suos ac masse et rectorie predictorum usus utilitatemque convertere, 
diocesani loci et cujusvis altcrius licentia, alias super hoc minime requisita. Non ob- 
stantibus voluntate, statuto et ordinacione nostris predictis, ac pie memorie Bonifacti 
Pape VIII. etiam predecessoris nostri, ct aliis apostolicis constitutionibus contrariis 
quibuscunque. Aut si aliqui super provisionibus sibi faciendis, de hujusmodi vel aliis 
beneficiis ecclesiasticis in ilis partibus, speciales vel generales, dicte sedis vel legatorum 
ejus litteras impetrarint, etiam si per eas ad inhibitionem, reservationem et decretum, 
vel alias quomodolibet sit processum, quas quidem litteras et processus habitos per 
easdem ac indesecuta quecunque ad rectoriam hujusmodi volumus non extendi, sed 
nullum per hoc eis, quo ad assecutionem beneficiorum aliorum, prejudicium generari, 
et quibuslibet aliis privilegiis, indulgentiis et litteris apostolicis, generalibus vel spe- 
cialibus, quorumcunque tenorum existant, per que presentibus non expressa vel tote- 
liter non inserta, effectus earum impediri valeat quomodolibet vel differri, et de quibus 
quorumdque totis tenoribus habenda sit in nostris litteris mencio specialis. Proviso 
qood propter unionem, annexiunem et incorporationem predictas, si ille, vigore presen- 
tium, fiant, et ctfectum sorciuntur, dicta rectoria debitis non fraudetur obsequiis, et 
animaruin cura in ca nullatenus nevligatur, sed ejus congrue supportentur onera cone 
sueta, Nous enim ex nunc irritum decernimus et inane, si secus super hiis a quoquam, 
quavis auctoritate, scienter vel ignoranter, contigerit attemptari. Datum Rome spud 
Sanctum Petruin, Anno Incarnationis Dominice, millesiino, quadringentesimo octuse 
gusimo septime. Quarto Idus Februari, Pontificatus nostri anno quarto.” 


[Sub plumbeo sigilly pendente a filo canabeo}. 


159 
II. 
“ Bulla pro Skryne et Muchulin, A. D. 1492. 


“Innocentius episcopus, servus servorum Dei, ad perpetuam rei memoriam. Ex 
injuncto nobis de super apostolice servitutis officio, ed ea libenter intendimus, per que 
personarum ecclesiasticarum, presertim in ecclesiis quibuslibet divinis laudibus insis- 
tencium, commodo et utilitati consuli possit, et hiis que propterea perinde facta fuisse 
dicuntur, ut firma perpetuo et illibatu persistant libenter, cum a nobis petitur, apos- 
tolici adjicimus muniminis firmitatem. Sane pro parte dilectorum filiorum, universo- 
rum presbiterorum et clericorum ecclesie Sancti Nicholai ville Galvie, Enachdunensis 
diocesis, nobis nuper exhibita petitio continebat: quod alim perpetuis vicariis parrochi- 
alium ecclesiarum de Slreyne et Maguily/, Tuamensis et dicte Enachdunensis diocesúm, 
tunc certo modo vacantibus, venerabilis frater noster modernus Archiepiscopus Tua- 
mensis, et Episcopus Enachdunensis attendens exilitatem fructuum, reddituum et 
proventuum collegii presbiterorum et clericorum predictorum, qui in dicta ecclesia 
Sancti Nicholai continue divinis officiis insistunt, vicarias predictas, sic vacantes, 
eidem collegio, ordinaria auctoritate, perpetuo univit, annexuit et incorporavit, prout 
in quibusdam litteris autenticis dicti Archiepiscopi et Episcopi desuper confectis, dicitur 
plenius contineri. Cum autem, sicut eadem petitio subjungebat, a nonnullis de juribus 
unionis, annexionis et incorporationis predictarum beneficetur, pro parte presbiterorum 
et clericorum predictorum asserentium, quod ipsi unionis, annexionis et incorporationis 
predictarum vigore, dictarum vicariarum possessionem assecuti fuerunt, quodque 
fructus, redditus et proventus dictarum vicariarum quatuordecim marcharum sterlin- 
gorum, secundum communem extimacionem, valorem annuum non excedunt, nobis fuit 
humiliter supplicatum ut unioni, annexioni et incorporationi predictis, pro Ularum 
subsistencia firmiori, robur apostolice confirmacionis edducere, ac potiori pro cautela 
dictas vicarias eidem Collegio de novo perpetuo unire, annectere et incorporare, alias- 
que in premissis oportune providere, de benignitate apostolica dignaremur. Nos igitur, 
qui dudum inter alia volumus, quod petentes beneficia ecclesiastica aliis uniri tenerentur 
exprimere verum valorem, secundum communem extimationem etiam beneficii cui 
aliud uniri peteretur. Alioquin unio non valeret, et semper in unionibus comissio 
fieret ad partes vocatis quorum interesset, et idem observaretur in confirmationibus 
unionum factarum, prefatos presbiteros et clericos eorumque singulos a quibusvis ex- 
communicationis, suspensionis et interdicti, aliisque ecclesiasticis sententiis, censuris et 
penis, a jure vel ab homine quavis occasione vel causa latis, si quibus quomodolibet 
innodati existunt, ad effectum presentium duntaxat consequendum harum serie, absol- 
ventes, et absolutos fore censentes, ac verum ultime dictarum vicariarum vacationis 

modum 


160 


modum, etiam si ex illo quevis generalis reservatio resultet, ac fructuum, reddituum 
et proventuum illarum verum annuum valorem, presentibus pro expressis habentes, 
hujusmodi supplicacionibus inclinati, unionem, annexionem et incorporationem pre- 
dictas, ac prout illas concernunt omnia et singula in dictis litteris contenta, et inde 
secuta quecunque, auctoritate apostolica, tenore presentium, approbamus et confir- 
mamus, ac, presentis scripti patrocinio, communimus, supplentes omnes et singulos 
defectus, si qui forsan intervenerint in eisdem. Et nichilominus potiori pro cautela, 
vicarias predictas, quovis modo, et ex cujuscunque persona, seu per liberam resigns- 
tionem alicujus de illis, extra Romanam curiam, etiam coram notario publico, et testibus 
sponte factam aut constitutionem felicis recordationis Johannis Pape XXIL predeces- 
soris nostri que incipit ' Exeerabilis,’ vel assecutionem alterius beneficii ccclesiastici, 
dicta ordinaria auctoritate collati, vacet, etiam si tanto tempore vacaverint quod earum 
collatio, Juxta Lateranensis statuta concilil (eat), ad sedem apostolicam legitime devo- 
luta, ipseque vicarie disposition) apostolice specialiter reservate existant, et super eis, 
inter aliquos lis cujus statum presentibus haberi volumus pro expresso pendeat indecisa, 
dummodo tempore dati presentium non sit in eis alicul spcialiter jus quesitum, cum 
omnibus juribus et pertinenciis suis, cidem collegio, auctoritate apostolica prefata, 
earundem tenore presentium, de nove perpetuo unimus annectimus et incorporamus. 
Ita quod heeat presbiteris et clericis pretatis, per se vel alium seu alios, corporalem 
juriumque et pertinentiarum predictarum possessionem, propria auctoritate libere 
apprehendere, ac perpetuo retinere, ilorumque fructus, redditus et proventus in suos 
ac collegii et vieariarum predictarum usus, utilitatemque convertere, diocesani loci et 
cum suis alterius licentia super hoe nuinime requisita. Non obstantibus voluntate 
nostra predicta, ac ple memorie Bonitaeit Pape VIE. etiam predecessoris nostri, et 
aliis apostolicis constitutionibus contraris quibuscunque, Aut si aliqui super provisi- 
onibus sibi faciendis, de hujusmodi vel als beneficiis ecelesiasticis in ilhs partibas, 
speciales vel generales, diete sedis vel legatorum ejus, litteras impertrarunt, etiam 
per eas ad inhibitionem, reservationem et decretum, vel alias quomodolibet sit promis- 
sum, quasquidem litteras ac processus habites per cadem, et inde secuta quecunque, ad 
dictas viearias, volumus non extendi, sed nulluin per hoe eis quoad assecutionem bene- 
ficivrum aliorum preyudicium venerari, et quibuslibet aliis privilegiis, indulgentiis et 
litteris apostolieis, generalibus vel specialibus, quorumeunque tenorum existunt, per 
que presentibus non expressa, vel totaliter non inserta, effeetus corum impediri valeat 
quomodolibet vel ditferri, et de quibus quorumaue totis tenoribus habenda sit in nose 
tris litters mentio specialis. Proviso quod propter unionem, annexionem et incorpo= 
rationem predictas, dicte vieame debitis non fraudentur obsequiis et animarum cure 
in cis nullutenus negligatur, sed illarum congrue supportentur onera consueta, Nos 


161 


enim exnunc irritum decernimus et inane, si secus super hiis a quoqam, quavis aucto- 
ritate, scienter vel ignoranter, contigerit attemptari. Nulli ergo omnino hominum 
liceat hanc paginam nostre absolutionis, approbationis, confirmationis, communicationis, 
suppletionis, unionis, annexionis, incorporationis, voluntatis et decreti infringere, vel 
ei, ausu temerario,contraire. Si quis autem hoc attemptare presumpserit, indignationem 
omnipotentis Dei, et beatorum Petri et Pauli apostolorum ejus, se noverit incursu- 
rum. Datum Rome apud Sanctum Petrum, Anno Incarnationis Dominice, millesimy, 
quadringentesimo, nonagesimo secundo. Quarto Non. Junii, Pontificatus nostri anno 
octavo.” 


[Sub plumbeo sigillo pendente a filo canabeo. | 


ITT. 


" Bulla pro Scrine et Clonbirn. 
“A.D. 1495. 


“ Alexander episcopus. servus servorum Dei, dilectis filiis Magonio O’Maynar et 
Johannem O’Beryn ac Nemee Magnell, canonicis ecclesie Tuamensis, salutem et 
apostolicam benedictionem. Vite ac morum honestas, aliaque laudabilia probitatis et 
virtutum merita, super quibus dilectus filius Johannes Bremechian clericus Tuamensis 
diocesis, apud nos fide digno commendatur testimonio, nos inducunt ut sibi reddamur 
ad gratiam liberales. Cum itaque, sicut accepimus, vicaria de Scryn, custodia reli- 
quiarum sancti Yerlahey nuncupata”™, et alia de Cloinberyn alias de Bocherayn, par- 
rochialium ecclesiarum dicte diocesis perpetue vicarie, vacent ad presens, et tanto 
tempore vacaverint, quod earum collatio, juxta Lateranensis statuta concilu, est ad 
sedem apostolicam legitime devoluta, licet rector, Wardianus nuncupatus, ac Colle- 
gium presbiterorum ecclesie ville Galvye, Enachdunensis diocesis, de Scryn, et Donaldus 
O’Hirraley, qui pro presbitero se gerit, dilecti filii de Cloinberyn, ecclesiarum vicarias 
hujusmodi, nullo titulo, nullove juris. adminiculo eis desuper suffragante, sed temeri- 
tate propria, et de facto, per certum tempus detinuerunt, prout adhuc detinent, 
indebite occupatas. Nos, qui dudum inter alia voluimus, statuimus, et ordinavimus, 
quod quicunque beneficium ecclesiasticum tunc per annum immediate precedentem 
pacifice possessum, et quod certo modo vacare pretenderet, extunc deinceps impetraret 
quot annis illud ipse possessor possedisset, in hujusmodi impetratione exprimere de- 
beret et teneretur, alioquin impetratio predicta, et quecunque inde secuta, nullius ex- 
isterent firmitatis, volentes prefato Johanni, qui ut asserit in decimo septimo sue etatis 
anno constitutus existit, ac non obstante defectu natalium quem patitur de conjugato 

genitus, 
™ Vide War. De Prwxsul. Hib. 

IRISH ARCH. SOC. I5. Y 


162 


yenitus, et soluta clericali caractere rite insignitus fuit, premissorum meritorum suorum 
intuitu, graciam facere specialem, ipsumque Johannem a quibuscunque excommunica- 
tionis, suspensionis et interdicti, aliisque ecclesiasticis sentenciis, censuris et penis, a jure 
vel ab homine quavis occasione vel causa latis, siquibus quomodolibet innodatus existit. 
ad effectum presentium duntaxat consequendum, harum serie abgolventes, et absolutum 
fore censentes, ac verum ultime dictarum vicariarum vacationis, modum etiam si ex 
ilo quevis generalis reservatio resultet, necnon tempus per quod rector ac presbiteri 
De Seryn, neenon Donaldus prefati de Cloinberyn, vicarias hujusmodi detinuerunt 
presentibus pro expressis habentes, discretion vestre, per apostolica scripta, man- 
damus, quatenus vos vel duo aut unus vestrum, si vocatis rectore ac presbiteris et 
Donaldo prefatis, ac aliis qui fuerint evocandi, Vicarias predictas quibusvis modis et 
ex quorumeunque personis, seu per liberas resignationes aliquorum de illic, extra 
Romanam curiam, etiam coram Notario Publico et testibus sponte factas, aut consti- 
tutionem felicis reeordationis Johannis Pape XAIT., predecessoris nostri, que incipit 
*Execrabilis,’ vel assecutionemalterius benefici ecelesiastic? ordinariaauctoritate collati, 
vacare repperitis, illas quarum insimul fructus, redditus et proventus octo marcharum 
sterlingorum, secundum communem estimationem valorem annuum, ut idem Johannes 
etiam asserit, non execedunt, etiam) si disposition? Apostolice specialiter reservate ex- 
istunt, et super eis inter aliquos lis, eujus statum presentibus haberi nolumus, pro 
expresso pendeat indecisa, dummodo tempore dati presentium non sit in eis alicui 
<pecialiter jus quesitum, cum omnibus jJumbus et pertinenciis: suis prefato Johann, 
auctoritate nostra, conferre et ussignare curetis, Inducentes per nes vel alium seu 
alios eundem Johannem, vel procuratorem swum ejyus nomine, in corporalem posses 
sionem vicariarum, juriumque et pertinentiarum predictorum, et defendentes  in- 
duetum, amotis a De Seryn rectore et presbiteris, necnon a de Clonberyn ccclesiarum 
vieariis hujusmodi, Donaldo predictis et quibuslibet aliis ilicitis detentoribus, ec 
facientes Johannem, velo pro co proeuratorem predictum, ad vieurias hujusmedi_ ut 
est moris admitti, sibique de illarum fruetibus, redditibus, proventibus, juribus et 
obventionibus universis intezre: responderi, contradietures auctoritate nostra, sppel- 
lntione post posita, compescendo, Non obstantibus voluntate, priert, statuto et ordi- 
natione nostris predictis, neenon pie memoric Bonitacii Pape V TH. etiam predecessoris 
nostri, et aliis apostolicis constitutionibus contrariis quibuscunque. Aut si aliqui, 
super provisionibus sibi faciendis, de hujusmodi vel aliis beneticiis: ccclesiasticis in 
is partibus, speciales vel generales, dicte sedis vel legatorum ejus litteras impe- 
trariut, etiam si per cas ad inhibitionem, reservationem et deeretum, vel alias quomo- 
dolibet sit processum, quibus omnibus cundem Johannem. in dictarum vicariarum 


usseeutione. Holumus anteferrn. sed nullnm per heat eas, dheac ass utionein bene 


he rum 


163 


ficiorum aliorum, prejudicium generari. Seu si venerabili fratri nostro archiepiscopo 
Tuamensis, vel quibusvis aliis, communiter vel divisim, ab eadem sit sede indultum, 
quod ad receptionem vel provisionem alicujus minime teneantur, et ad id compelli, 
aut quod interdici, suspendi vel excommunicari possint, quodque de hujusmodi, vel 
aliis beneficiis ecclesiasticis, ad eorum collationem, provisionem, presentationem, seu 
quamvis aliam dispositionem, conjunctim vel separatim, spectantibus, nulli valeat 
provideri per litteras apostolicas, non facientes plenam et expressam, ac de verbo ad 
verbum de indulto hujusmodi mentionem, et qualibet alia dicte sedis indulgencia, 
generali vel speciali, cujuscunque tenoris existat, per quam presentibus non expressam, 
vel totaliter non insertam, effectus hujusmodi gratie impediri valeat, quomodolibet, vel 
differri, et de qua cujusque toto tenore habenda sit in nostris litteris mentio specialis. 
Aut quod dictus Johannes natalium, et etiam ad obtinendum vicarias predictas, si sibi 
vigore presentium conferatur, ex nunc recipere et retinere, libere ac licite possit, de- 
fectibus predictis, ac Putanensis [ Pictaviensis? ] et Lateranensis generalis conciliorum, 
aliisque constitutionibus et ordinationibus apostolicis, ceterisque contrariis nequa- 
quam obstantibus, auctoritate Apostolica, tenore earundem presentium de specialis dono 
gratie dispensamus. Proviso, quod dicte vicarie debitis propterea non fraudentur obse- 
quiis, et animarum cura in eis nullatenus negligatur. Et insuper, ex nunc irritum 
decernimus et inane, si secus super hiis a quoquam, quavis auctoritate, scienter vel 
ignoranter, contigerit attemptari. Datum Urbeveteri, Anno Incarnationis Dominice 
millesimo, quadringentesimo, nonagesimo quinto. Pridie Non. Junii, Pontificatus 


nostri anno tercio. [Sub plumbeo sigillo pendente a filo canabeo. 


IV. 
“© Pro ecclesia de Meculyn. 
“ A.D. 1496. Lecta in audtentia. 


é“ Alexander Episcopus, servus servorum Dei, venerabili fratri episcopo Clon- 
fertensi, et dilecto filio Davidi de Burgo canonico ecclesie Clonfertensis, salutem et 
apostolicam benedictionem. Humilibus supplicum votis libenter annuimus, eaque 
favoribus prosequimur eportunis. Exhibita siquidem nobis nuper, pro parte dilec- 
torum filiorum Guardiani secularis et collegiate ecclesie sancti Nicholai ville Galvie, 
Enachdunensis diocesis, et octo perpetuorum vicariorum in eadem, peticio continebat, 
quod licet perpetua vicaria parrochialis ecclesie de Meculyn, dicte diocesis, eidem 
ecclesie sancti Nicholai perpetuo canonice unita existit, tamen dilectus filius Mauritius 
O’Flahartay, pro clerico se gerens, falso asserens vicariam predictam ad se, pretextu 
quarundam litterarum apostolicarum seu alias, pertinere de jure, eosdem wardianum 
et vicarios super hoc, inter alia, petendo vicarias hujusmodi sibi adjudicari, coram 

Y2 dilecto 


164 


dilecto fho Milero O’Kenudy canonico Tuamensis, quem judicem super hoc compe- 
tentem, auctoritate apestolica, deputatum esse dicebat, traxit in causam, et idem 
Milerus in causa ipsa perperam procedens, diffinitivan pro dicto Mauritio, et cuntra 
(suardianum et vicarios prefatos sententiam promulgavit iniquam, a qua pro parte 
wardiani et vicariorum eorundem ad sedem fuit apostolicam appellatum ; sed ipei 
Gsuardianus et vicarii legittimo, ut asserunt impedimento detenti, appellacionem 
hujusmodi non fuerunt, infra tempus debitum, prosecuti, quare, pro parte Guardiani 
et vicuriorum eorundem, nobis fuit humiliter supplicatum, ut, lapsu dicti temporis 
non obstante, appellationis predicte, ac post et contra illam attemtatorum et innova- 
torum quorumncunque, uc predictarum et quarumlibet aliarum litterarum, per ipsum 
Mauritium super hoe, quovis mode, inpetratarum, surreptionis et obreptionis 
Hlarumque ac processus et sententie hujusmoedi, aliorumque omnium et singulorum 
per Mylerum et Mauritium predictos, ac quoscunque alios judices et personas, in 
Guardiani et vicariorum, ac ecclesie sancti: Nicholai prejudicium, circa premisaa, 
qhommodocunque gestorum, nullitatis et invaliditatis totins, quoque principalis megccii, 
necnon omnes et singulas quas Guardianus et vicarii predicti, contra dictum Maun- 
titm, ac dileetos filios nobiles viros Willichmum de Burgo et ejus natos ac fratre 
domicellos, et certos carum consanguineos, ac Thadeum M® Breyn Ylahartay, Kicardum 
alias Ristardum etiam de Burge et quoscunque alios clericos et laicos super rectoria 
et vicariis hujusmodi, impedimentisque, molestationibus, dampnis et injuriis eisdem 
Cruardiano et vieartis, ae ccelesie sancti: Nicholai, super hujusmodi et aliis rectors et 
perpetuis vicariis ac beneticiis eeclesiasticis, cidem ecelesie saneti Nicholai similiter 
wiitis, et illorum occasions indebite illatis, ae alits rebus communiter vel divisim 
movere intendunt, causas aliquibus probis viris in partibus illis cominittere, et alia in 
premissis oportune providere, de benignitate apostolica, dignaremur. Nos britur 
hujusmedi supplicacionibus inelinati, discretion? vestre, per apostolica scripta, man- 
damus, quatenus vos, vel alter vestrum, si vecatis Mauricio ac clericis et laicis prefatis, 
ac allis qui fuerint evecand1, quod de impedimento hujusmodi proponitur, veritate 
fuleitur, auditisque hine inde propositis, etiam de principal neyzocio hujusmodi cug- 
noscentes legitime quod justin fuerit, appellatione remota, dgcernatis, tucientes queud 
decreveritis, per censuram ceelesiusticam, firmiter observari. Testes autem qui 
fuerint nominatiy sh se gratia odie vel timore substraxerint, censura simili, appella- 
tiene cessante, compellatis Veritath testimenium perhibere, Non obstantibus Japsu 
dict) temporis, heenon felicis recordationis Bonetacii Pape cetavi, predevessoris nusatri, 
qua inter alia cavetur, ne quis extra sum civitatem et diocesimy, uisi in certis exceptis 
easibus, et in dilis ultra uname dietam a fing sue diveesis ad judicium evecetur; seu pe 
yudices abocadem sede deputati, eXtra civitatem et digeesimn in quibus deputati 


ruerint, 


165 


fuerint, contra quoscunque procedere, seu alii vel aliis vices suas committere pre- 
sumant, dummodo ultra duasdietas aliquis, auctoritate presentium, non trahatur, et aliis 
constitutionibus et ordinationibus apostolicis contrariis quibuscunque. Aut si Mauricio 
et clericis et laicis predictis, vel quibusvis aliis communiter vel divisim, ab eadem sede 
sit indultum, quod suspendi, interdici, vel excommunicari, aut extra vel ultra certa loca, 
ad judicium evocari non possint per litteras apostolicas non facientes plenam et ex- 
pressam, ac de verbo ad verbum, et inde indulto, hujusmodi mentionem. Datum 
Rome apud Sanctum Petrum, Anno Incarnationis Dominice, m° cccc™® nonagesimo 
sexto, tercio [dús Aprilis, Pontificatus nostri anno quarto. 


[ Sub plumbeo sigillo pendente a filo canabeo. | 


V. 


“ Bulla pro Furanmor et Meray. 
“A.D. 1496. Lecta in audientia. 


‘Alexander episcopus, servus servorum Dei, venerabili fratri episcopo Clon- 
fertensi et dilecto filio Davidi de Burgo, canonico ecclesie Clonfertensis, salutem et 
apostolicam benedictionem. Humilibus supplicum votis libenter annuimus, eaque 
favoribus prosequimur oportunis. Exhibita siquidem nobis nuper, pro parte dilec- 
torum filiorum Guardiani secularis, et collegiate ecclesie Sancti Nicholai ville 
Galvie, Enachdunensis diocesis, et octo perpetuorum vicariorum in eadem, petitio 
continebat quod, licet rectoria de Furanmor et etiam de Furanmor et Meray, perpetue 
vicarie parrochialium ecclesiarum dicte diocesis, eidem ecclesie Sancti Nicholai per- 
petuo canonice unite, annexate et incorporate existant; tamen dilectus filius Ricardus 
alias Ristardus de Burgo, pro clerico se gerens, falso asserens rectoriam et vicarias 
hujusmodi ad se, pretextu quarundam litterarum apostolicarum, seu alias, spectare 
de jure, eosdem Guardianum et vicarios super hoc inter alia, petendo rectoriam 
et vicarias hujusmodi sibi adjudicari, coram dilecto filio Florencio O’Graidon ca- 
nonico Clonfertensi, quem judicem super hoc competentem, auctoritate apostolica 
deputatum esse dicebat, traxit in causam, et idem Florencius in causa ipsa per- 
peram procedens, difipitivam pro dicto Ricardo, et contra Guardianum et vicarios 
prefatos, sententiam promulgavit iniquam, a qua, pro parte Guardiani et vicari- 
orum eorundem, ad sedem fuit apostolicam appellatum; sed ipsi Guardianus et 
vicarii, legitimo ut asserunt impedimento detenti, appellationem hujusmodi non 
fuerunt, infra tempus debitum, prosecuti, quare, pro parte Guardiani et vicariorum 
eorundem, nobis fuit humiliter supplicatum, ut, lapsu dicti temporis non obstante, 
appellationis predicte, ac post et contra illam, attemptatorum et innovatorum quorum- 
cunque, sc predictarum et quarumlibet aliarum litterarum, per ipsum Ricardum 


super 


166 


supet hos, quevismedo, impetratarum, surreptitionis et obreptionis illarumque ac 
plavastis etacntentic huyusmodi, aliorumque omnium et singulorum, per Florencium 
ot Réadlann predictos, ae quoscunque alos judices et personas, in Guardiani et vica- 
retin, ae evelesie Sancti Nicholai prefatorum, prejudicium, circa premissa, que- 
nostetingue gestoruin, nullitatis et invaliditatis totius, quoque principalis negutii, 
he AA anes eb singilas, quas Guardianus et vicaril predicti, contra dictum Ricar- 
daa ae alitewtas: tiles aobiles: viros Willielmum de Burgo et ejus natos ac fratres 
souteethes, et eertos corti consanguineos, ac Thadeum Mac Breyn Viahartay, Mauri- 
Hoi OEP lahettay, et quescunque altos clericos et laicos, super rectoria et vicariis 
hpi, anpedimentisque, molestationibus, damnis et injuriis, cisdem Guardiano et 
MAC ATA, AR AST Íesáe Sanett Nicholai, super hujusmodi et aliis rectoriis et perpetuis 
vivatts ui benediens: evelesiastiers eidem ecclesie Sancti Nicholai similiter unitia, et 
Moa acee seedstote anette allatis, ae aliis rebus conjunctim vel divisim movere inten- 
Lt, van ás aliquabus probis viris in partibus illis committere, et alias in premissis 
dhian poaadere, de benynitate apostolica, dignaremur. Nos igitur, bujusmodi 
Wpplicatinibis achat, diseretiont vestre per apostolica scripta mandamus, qua- 
bere web abter vestium st vocatis Ricardo ac clericis et laicis predictis et aliis qui 
Hee (iad even ands, qitod dheanpedimento hujusmodi proponitur, veritate fulcitur sudi- 
teats bú aide prapecatia, etaan de negocio principali hujusmodi cognoscentes, legi- 
tite tied pista Mheat, appellatione remota, decernatis, facientes quod decreveritis, 
potest anantcns Íeedastaeúiú, Hhrúwter vbservari, Testes autem qui fuerint nominati, 
Cov ctabie cutie vel Camere súbtvasetint, censura simili, appellatione cessante, com- 
po theta. vecetate Gestrenitiin perhibere, Non obstantibus lapsu dicti temporis, necnon 
i la tee aebebwtecetans Pbeventaneas Pape VIL. predecessoris nostri, qua inter alia cavetur. 
pete ia sv Afáleúí vel dhocesim, hisi in certis exceptis casibus, et in illis 
Cleca veo baa fie she diocesis ad judicium evocetur; seu ne judices ab eadem 
Loh ata catia cuvitaten ef diocesim in quibus deputati fuerint, contra quos- 
fogs precobete ait lú Ac] las vices suas committere presumant, dummodo ultra 
bee de ta algaí At tent te presen tam, non trahatur, et aliis constitutionibus et 
slata agselóúlw ta Cont barns quibuscunque. Aut si Ricardo et clericis et 
bee pee edes te ova Eaqtatetasy as alts communiter vel divisim, ab cadem sede sit indultum, 
eo Easca, oa pend vel excomtuunicari, aut extra vel ultra certa loca, ad judi- 
cy Ava acra passant, pet ditteras apostolicas non facientes plenam et expressam, 
bovcetes wk weet, de andulte hujusmodi mentioncm. Datum Rome apud 
cee Scan Nano bnearnatienis Dominice millesimo quadringentesimo no- 

cows owe As tae dlús Ajqaalis, Pontificatus nostri anno quarto, 

[Sah planbes aigille pendente a filo canabev. | 


VL 


167 


VI. 


“ Excommunicatio contra Malefactores in Collegium. 
“A.D. 1501. 


“ Alexander episcopus, servus servorum Dei, venerabilibus fratribus archiepis- 
copo Tuamensi, et Clonferetensi ac Milopotamensi episcopis, salutem et apostolicam 
benedictionem. Significavit nobis dilecti filii wardianus et capitulum ecclesie Sancti 
Nicolai ville Kanole, Annotanensis [Galvie, Enachdunensis] diocesis, quod nonnulli 
iniquitatis filii, quos prorsus ignorat, quedam gravia damna et impedimenta in bonis 
et fructibus mense capitularis dicte ecclesie, ac ipsis wardiano et capitulo inique intu- 
lerunt, necnon decimas, fructus, redditus, proventus, calices, ornamenta ecclesiastica, 
oblationes, terras, domos, possessiones, aquarum decursus, molendina, vini, bladi, 
frumenti, auri, argenti monetati, ct non monetati, olei et aliarum rerum, quantitates, 
vasa argentea, erea, cuprea, stannica, pannos lineos, laneos, sericeos, vestes, jocalia, 
domorum utensilia, libros, scripturas publicas et privatas, testamenta et alia docu- 
menta, equos, boves, oves, et alia animalia, debita, credita, legata, mutua deposita, 
pecuniarum summas, jura, jurisdictiones, et nonnulla alia mobilia et immobilia bona 
ad mensam capitularem ejusdem ecclesie legitime spectantia, temere et maliciose, oc- 
cultare, et occulte detinere presumunt, non curantes ea prefatis wardiano et capitulo 
exhibere, ac de damnis hujusmodi satisfacere, in animarum suarum periculum, et 
ipsorum wardiani et capituli ac ecclesie non modicum detrimentum, super quo lidem 
wardianus et capitulum apostolice sedis remedium implorarunt. Quo circa fraternitati 
vestre per apostolica scripta mandamus, quatenus omnes hujusmodi damnorum illa- 
tores, ac decimarum, censuum, calicum et aliorum bonorum predictorum detentores 
occultos, ex parte nostra, publice, in ecclesiis coram populo, per vos, vel alium seu 
alios, moneatis, ut infra competentem terminum, quem eis prefixcritis, ea prefatis war- 
diano et capitulo, a se debita restituant et revelent, ac de ipsis et damnis hujus- 
modi plenam et debitam satisfactionem impendant, et si id non adimpleverunt infra 
alium competentem terminum, quem eis ad hoc peremtorie duxeritis prefigendum, 
extunc in eos generalem excommunicationis sententiam proferatis, et eam faciatis ubi et 
quando expedire videritis, usque ad satisfactionem condignam solemniter publicari. 
Quod si non omnes hiis exequendis potueritis interesse, duo aut unus vestrum ea 
nichilominus exequantur. Datum Rome apud Sanctum Petrum, Anno Incarnationis 
dominice millesimo quingentesimo primo, septimo Idus Januarii, Pontificatus nostri 
anno decimo. 


[Sub plumbeo sigillo pendente a filo canabeo. | 


VII. 


168 


Vil. 


“ Bulla pro Rectoria de Tiraglas, et Vicariis de Kynmara et Ballinelare. 
“A.D. 1502. Lecta in audientia. 


“ Alexander episcopus, servus servorum Dei, dilectis filiis Florencio O'Genwayn, 
Thateo Machyachayn ac Hoberto Macmyloid, canonicis ecclesie Clonfertensis, salutem 
et apostolicam benedictionem. Vite ac morum honestas, aliaque laudabilia probitatis 
et virtutum moerita, super quibus dilectus filius Ristardus de Burgo, canonicus 
Enachdunensis, apud nos fide digno commendatur testimonio, nos inducunt ut sibi 
reddamur ad gratiam liberales, illaque sibi favorabiliter concedamus, que suis com- 
moditatibus fore conspiciuus oportuna, Cum itaque, sicut accepimus, canonicatus et 
eeclesiarum parvarum prebenda nuncupata ecclesie Duacensis, ac de Tiraglas rectoria, 
necnon de Kynmara et de Ballenclare, parrochialium ccclesiarum perpetue vicarie 
Enachdunensis, Laonensis et Duacensis diocesium, certo modo vacent ai presens, et 
tanto tempore vacaverint, quod eorum collatio, juxta Lateranensis statuta concilii, 
est oad sedem apostolicain legitime devoluta. licet Phiippus O'Hanle qui pro pres 
hitero rectoriam, ae Teodericus O?Beren qui pro elerico, se gerunt, canonicatum et 
prebendam de Kynmara, necnon wardianus et capituluin ecclesie Sancti Nicholai 
ville Galvie, Enachdunensis diocesis, dilecti filii de Ballanclara vicarius hujusmodi, 
nile titulo, nullove juris adminiculo, sed temere et de facto per certum tempus deti- 
nuerunt, prout adhue detinent, indebite occupatos. Et sicut exhibita nobis, pro parte 
dieti Ristardi, petitio continebat si rectoria et vicaria prediecte eisdem = canonicatul 
et prebende, si sibi vigore presentium conferantur, quamdiu ilos obtinucerit, uniren- 
tur, annecterentur et incorporarentur, ex hoe profecto dicti Ristardi comeditatibus 
hon parti consuleretur, pro parte ipsius Ristardi nobis fuit humiliter supplicatum, 
nt rectoritm et viearias hujusmodi, eisdem = canonicatul et prebende, ut prefertur, 
unire, annectere et incorporare, aliasque in premissis oportune providere, de benigni- 
tate apostolica dignaremur. Nes enim qui dudum inter alia velumus, quod) semper 
in unionibus commissio fieret ad partes, vocatis, quorum interesset, ac statuimus et 
ordinavimus quod quicunque beneticium ecclesiasticum, tune per annum immediate 
preeedentem pacitice possessum, et quod certo inodo vacare pretenderet, extune de 
ineeps impetraret gradum et nobilitatem possessoris cjusdem, et quot annis  illud 
Ipee possedisset in hujusmodi impetratione exprimere deberet et teneretur, alioquin 
Wmipetracio predicta, et inde seeuta quecunque, nullius existerent firmitatis, Eidem 
Ri-tarde, qui, ut asserit, canouicatuin et de Furanmor, nuneupatan: prebendams ccclesie 
Knachdanenusis, obtinet de alieujus subventionis auxtiio providere, premisserum me: 
miterum suorum intuituy specialem eratiam facere volentes, ipsumque Ristardum a 

quibusvis 


169 


quibusvis excommunicationis, suspensionis et interdicti aliisque ecclesiasticis senten- 
tiis, censuris et penis, a jure vel ab homine quavis occasione vel causa latis, si quibus 
quomodolibet innodatus existit, ad effectum presentium duntaxat consequendum, 
harum serie absolventes, et absolutum fore censentes, ac obtentorum et illis annexorum 
hujusmodi fructuum, reddituum et proventuum veros annuos valores, necnon verum et 
ultimum canonicatus et prebende ac rectorie vicariarum predictarum vacationis 
modum ac tempus, per quod Theodericus canonicatum et prebendam de Kynmara, 
ac Philippus rectoriam, necnon wardianus et capitulum de Ballanclara vicarias 
hujusmodi detinuerunt, necnon gradum et nobilitatem possessorum eorundem si 
qui sint, presentibus pro expressis habentes, ac de premissis certam notitiam non 
habentes, hujusmodi supplicationibus inclinati, discretioni vestre per apostolica scripta 
mandamus, quatenus vos vel duo aut unus vestrum, si vocatis Theoderico et Philippo 
ac wardiano et capitulo predictis, et aliis qui fuerint evocandi, canonicatum et eccle- 
siarum parvarum nuncupandum prebendam, ac rectoriam et vicarias hujusmodi, 
quorum insimul triginta duorum marcharum sterlingorum fructus, redditus et pro- 
ventus, secundum communem extimationem, valorem annuum, ut dictus Ristardus 
similiter asserit non excedunt, quibusvis modis, et ex quorumcunque personis, seu per 
liberam resignationem quorumvis de illis, extra Romanam curiam, etiam coram notario 
publico et testibus sponte factam, aut rectoria et vicarie predicte per constitutionem 
felicis recordationis Johannis Pape XXII. predecessoris nostri, que incipit ‘ Execrabilis,’ 
vel assecutionem alterius beneficii ecclesiastici, ordinaria auctoritate collati vacare, 
ita esse reppereritis, ut dispositioni apostolice specialiter reservati existant, et super 
eis inter aliquos, lis cujus statum presentibus haberi volumus pro expresso pendeat 
indecisa, dummodo tempore dati presentium non sit in canonicatu, et ecclesiarum 
parvarum prebenda ac rectoria et vicariis predictis alicui specialiter jus quesitum, 
canonicatum et ecclesiarum parvarum prebendam hujusmodi, cum plenitudine juris 
canonici eidem Ristardo conferre, rectoriam vero et vicarias predictas eisdem canoni- 
catui et ecclesiarum parvarum prebende, si sibi, vigore presentium, conferantur, 
quamdiu prefatus Ristardus illos obtinuerit duntaxat, unire, annectere et incorporare, 
cum omnibus juribus et pertinenciis suis, auctoritate nostra, curetis, inducentes per 
vos, vel alium seu alios, eundem Ristardum, vel procuratorem suum, ejus nomine, in 
corporalem possessionem canonicatus et ecclesiarum parvarum prebende, et annexorum 
juriumque et pertinentiarum hujusmodi, et defendentes inductum, amotis a canoni- 
catu et ecclesiarum parvarum prebenda, et de Kynmara Theoderico, et rectoria 
Philippo, et de Ballenclare vicariis hujusmodi wardiano et capitulo predictis et quibus- 
libet aliis illatis detentoribus, ac facientes eundem Ristardum, vel pro eo procurato- 
rem predictum, ad prebendam ecclesiarum parvarum in dicta ecclesia Duacensis in 

IRISH ARCH. SOC. NO. IS. Z canonicum 


170 


canonicum recipiet in fratrem, stallo sibi in choro et loco in capitulo ipsius ecclesie 
Duacensis assignatis, sibique de canonicatibus et ecclesiarum parvarum, ac rectorie et 
vicariarum predictorum, fructibus, redditibus, proventibus, juribus et obventionibus 
universis integre responderi, contradictores auctoritate nostra, appellatione postposita, 
compescendo. Non obstantibus voluntate, statuto et ordinatione nostris premissis, et 
fulicis recordationis Bonefacii Pape VIII. etiam predecessoris nostri, ct aliis apostolicis 
constitutionibus, ac statutis et consuctudinibus dicte ecclesie Duacensis, juramento, 
confirmatione apostolica, vel quavis firmitate alia roboratis, contrariis quibuscunque. 
Aut si aliqui, apostolica vel quavis alia auctoritate, in dicta ecclesia Duacensis, in ca- 
nunicos sint recepti, vel ut recipiantur insistant, seu si super provisionibus sibi faci- 
endis de canonicatibus et prebendis ipsius ecclesie Duacensis, ac hujusmodi speciales 
vel aliis beneficiis ecclesiasticis in illis partibus generales, dicte sedis, vel legatorum 
ejus, litteras impetrari, ut etiam si per eas ad inhibitionem, reservationem et decretum, 
vel alias quomodolibet, sit processum, quasquidem litteras et processus habitos per 
vosdem, et inde secuta quecumque ad rectoriam et vicarias predictas extendi volentes, 
ipsumque Ristardum in assecutione canonicatus et ecclesiarum parvarum prebende 
hujusmodi omnibus volumus anteferri, sed nullum per hoc cis quoad assecutionem 
canonicatuum et prebendarum aut beneficiorum aliorum prejudicium generari : Seu 
si venerabilibus fratribus nostris Enachdunensis, Laonensis, et Duacensis vpiscopis, et 
dilectis filiis capitulo dicte ecclesie Duacensis, vel quibusvis aliis, communiter vel 
divisim, ab eadem sit sede indultum, quod ud receptionem vel provisionem alicujus 
minime teneantur, et ad id compelli, aut quod interdici, suspendi vel excommunicari 
hon possint, quedque de canonicatibus et prebendis ipsius ecclesie Duacensis, ac hujus- 
modi vel aliis beneficiis ecelesiasticis, ad corum collationem, provisionem, presentatio- 
hem seu quamvis aliam dispositionem, conjunetim vel separatim, spectantibus, oulli 
Valeat provideri per litteras apostolicas, non facientes plenam et expressam, ac de verbo 
ad verbum, de indulto hujusmedi mentionem ; et quibuslibet aliis privilegiis, indul- 
yentiis et litterls apostolicis, generalibus vel speeialibus, quorumcunque tenorum exis- 
tunt, per que presentibus, non expressa vel totaliter non inserta, effectus hujusmodi 
gratie impediri valeat quemodolibet: vel differri, et de qua cujusque toto tenore ha- 
benda sit in nostris litteris mentio specialis, Aut si dictus Ristardus presens non 
fuerit, ad prestandum de observandis: statutis et consuetudinibus dicte ecclesie Dua- 
censis solituin juramentum, dummodo in absentia sua per preeuratorem ydonceum, et 
eum ad eeclesiam ipsam Duacensis accesserit corporaliter illud prestet, volumus autem 
quod propter unionem, annexionem et incorporativnem predictas, si ile, vigore presen- 
tium, fiunt et effectum sortiantur, rectoria et vicarie predicte debitis propteres non 
fraudentur obscequiis, ct animaruin cura in cis nullatenus negligatur, sed earum con- 

grue 


171 


grue supportentur onera consueta. Quodque cedente vel decedente dicto Ristardo, 
seu canonicatum et ecclesiarum parvarum prebendam predictos alias quomodolibet 
disconnectente, unio, annexio et incorporatio predicte dissolute sint et esse censeantur, 
dicteque rectoria et vicarie impristinum statum revertantur, et per dissolutionem 
hujusmodi vacare censeantur, eo ipso, et insuper, ex nunc irritum decernimus, et 
inane, si secus super hiis a quoquam quavis auctoritate, scienter vel ignoranter, conti- 
gerit attemptari. Datum Rome apud Sanctum Petrum Anno Incarnationis Dominice 
Millesimo quingentessimo secundo, Nono Kalendas Decembris, Pontificatus nostri 
anno undecimo. 


[Sub plumbeo sigillo pendente a filo canabeo. | 
VHI. 


“ Pro Ricardo De Burgo, canonico Duacensi. 
“A.D.1511. Lecta in audientia. 


“ Julius episcopus, servus servorum Dei, dilectiis filiis Thome Mac lfoyn [stc, perhaps 
for floyn or Flyn] Enachdunensi, et Cornelio O’Leynayn Elfinensi, canonicis, ac officiali 
Duacensi, salutem et apostolicam benedictionem. Vite et morum honestas, aliaque lau- 
dabilia probitatis, et virtutum merita, super quibus dilectus filius Ristardus de Burgo, 
canonicus Duacensis, apud nos fide digno comendatur testimonio, nos inducunt ut ejus 
votis, per que suis commoditatibus consuli possit, annuentes, sibi reddamur ad graciam 
liberales. Cum itaque, sicut accepimus, Tuamensiset Clonfertensis ecclesiarum canonica- 
tus, acde Chilmayn Tuamensis, et de Chiltelscel nuncupate prebende Clonfertensis pre- 
dictarum, necnon que de jure patronatus laicorum existit, de Donnayre ac de Annari, 
Clonfertensis et Tuamensis diocesum, parrochialium rectorie, necnon perpetua vicaria 
ejusdem de Annarri, ecclesiarum, quod quondam Theobaldus de Burgo Tuamensis et 
Clonfertensis cannonicus, ac parrochialium rector necnon de Annarri ecclesiarum, 
hujusmodi perpetuus vicarius, ex dispensatione apostolica, dum viveret obtinebat, per 
obitum ejusdem Theobaldi, qui extra Romanam curiam diem clausit extremum, vacent 
ad presens, et tanto tempore vacaverint quod eorum collatio, juxta Lateranensis statuta 
Concilii, est ad sedem apostolicam legitime devoluta, licet dilecti filii Walterus de 
Burgo canonicatus et prebendas, et Thomas etiam de Burgo senior de Donayre, ac 
Thomas similiter de Burgo Junior de Anari, rectorias necnon vicariam predictas, nullo 
titulo seisiti, juris adminiculo eis desuper suffragante, sed temeritate propria et de 
facto, per certum tempus detinuerint et detineant indebite occupatos. Et sicut ex- 
hibita nobis nuper, pro parte dicti Ristardi petitio continebat, si rectoria et vicarie 
predicte eisdem canonicatui et prebende dicte ecclesie Tuamensis, quandiu idem Ris- 
tardus illos postquam de eis sibi provisum, et ipse illos assecutus fuerit, obtinuerit, 

Z 2 unirentur, 


172 


unirentur, annecterentur et incorporarentur, ex hoc profecto eyusdem Ristardi commo- 
ditati non parum consuleretur, pro parte ipsius Ristardi asserentis, se canonicatum et 
prebendam ecclesie Duacensis, inter alia, obtinere, ac vacantium canonicatuum et pre- 
bendarum, necnon rectoriarum et vicarie predictorum, insimul fructus, redditus et 
proventus nonaginta marcharum sterlingorum, secundum communem extimationem 
valorem annuum non excedere, nobis fuit humiliter supplicatum ut rectorias et vica- 
rium predictas, canonicatui et prebende ecclesic Tuamensis hujusmodi, quandiu ipee 
Ristardus illos, si sibi vigore presentium conferantur, obtinuerit, unire, annectere et 
incorporare, ac alias in premissis oportune providere, de benignitate apostolica, digns- 
remur. Nos igitur, qui dudum inter alia voluimus, quod semper in unionibus vocs- 
rentur quorum interesset, ac etiain statuimus et ordinavimus, quod quicunque benefi- 
cium ecclesiasticum, tune per annum immediate precedentem pacifice possessum, et 
quod certo modo vacare pretenderet, extunc deinceps impectraret gradum et nobilitatem 
possessoris ejusdem, et quot annis ipse possessor illud possedisset, in hujusmodi impe- 
tratione exprimere deberet et teneretur, alioquin impetratio predicta, et quecunque 
inde secuta, nullius existerent firmitatis, prefato Ristardo, premissorum meritorum 
suorum intuitu, specialem graciam facere volentes, ipsumque Ristardum a quibusvis 
excommuinicationis, suspensionis et interdicti, aliisque ecclesiasticis sententiis, censuris 
et penis, a jure vel ab homine quavis occasione vel causa latis, signibus quomodolibet 
innodatus existit, ad effectum presentium dumtaxat consequendum, barum serie absol- 
ventes, et absolutum fore censentes. Necnon omnia et singula alia beneficia ecclesias- 
tiea, cum cura et sine cura, que dictus Ristardus etiam, ex quibusvis dispensationibes 
apostelicis, obtinet et expectat, ac in quibus et ad que jus sibi quomodolibet competit, 
quecunque, quocunquo et qualicunque sint, eorumque ac obtentorum canonicatus et 
prebende predictorum, fructuum, reddituum, et proventuum veros annuos valores, sc 
hujusmodi dispensationum tenores, necnon gradum et nobilitatem dictorum Walterii, 
et Thome senioris, ac Thome juntoris, si qui sint, ac tempus per quod vacantes canoni- 
catus, et prebendas ac rectorias et vicariam predictos, respective, detinueruat, pre- 
sentibus pro expressis habentes, hujusmodi supplicationibus inclinati, discretioni 
vestre, per apostolica seripta, mandamus, quatenus vos, vel duo aut unus vestrum, si 
vocatis Waltero, et Thoma seniore, ac Thoma juniore, et aliis qui fuerint evocandi, 
canonicatus et prebendas ac rectorias et vicariam predictos, ut premittitur, sive alias 
quovis modo, aut ex alterius cujyuseunque persona, secu per liberam resignationem 
cujusvis de illis extra dietam curiam, etiam coram notario publico ct testibus sponte 
fuctamn, aut reetorie et viearia predicte, per constitutionem felicis recordationis 
” vel assecutionem 
alterius benetici ecclesiastici, ordinaria auctoritate collati, vacare reppereritis, vacantes 

canonivcatus 


Johannis Pape NN]. predecessoris nostri, que incipit ‘Execrabilis, 


173 


canonicatus et prebendas eidem Ristardo conferre et assignare, rectorias vero ac vica- 
riam predictos, eciam si dispositioni apostolice specialiter reservati existant, et super 
eis inter aliquos lis cujus statum presentibus haberi volumus, pro expresso pendeat 
indecisa, dummodo tempore dati presentium non sit in eis alicui specialiter jus quesi- 
tum, et dicte rectorie de Donnayre collatio devoluta sit, ut prefertur, canonicatui et 
prebende ecclesie Tuamensis hujusmodi, quandiu prefatus Ristardus illos, si sibi ut 
prefertur conferantur, obtinuerit, duntaxat unire, annectere et incorporare, cum pleni- 
tudine juris canonici, ac omnibus juribus et pertinentiis suis, auctoritate nostra, 
curetis, inducentes per vos, vel alium seu alios, eundem Ristardum, vel procuratorem 
suum ejus nomine, in corporalem possessionem vacantium canonicatuum et prebenda- 
rum ac rectoriarum et vicarie unitarum, juriumque et pertinentium predictorum, et de- 
fendentes inductum, amotis dictis Waltero, et Thoma seniore, ac Thoma juniore, et qui- 
buslibet aliis illicitis detentoribus ab eisdem, ac facientes Ristardum vel pro eo procu- 
ratorem predictum, ad vacantes prebendas hujusmodi, in utraque dictarum Tuamensis 
et Clonfertensis ecclesiarum, in canonicum recipi et in fratrem, stallo sibi in choro, et 
loco in capitulo utriusque ipsarum Tuamensis et Clonfertensis ecclesiarum, cum dicti 
juris plenitudine, assignatis; sibique de vacantium canonicatuum et prebendarum, ac 
unitarum rectoriarum et vicarie predictorum, fructibus, redditibus, proventibus, 
jaribus, et obventionibus universis, integre responderi, contradictores, auctoritate 
nostra, appellatione postposita, compescendo. Non obstantibus voluntatibus prioribus, 
ac statuto et ordinatione nostris predictis; necnon pie memorie Bonifacii Pape VIII. 
etiam predecessoris nostri illa presertim qua, inter alia, cavetur ne quis extra suam 
civitatem vel diocesim, nisi in certis exceptis casibus, et in illis ultra unam dietam a 
fine sue diocesis, ad judicium vocetur, seu ne judices, a sede predicta deputati, extra 
civitatem et diocesim in quibus deputati fuerint, contra quoscunque procedere, seu alii 
vel aliis vices suas committere presumant. Et de duabus dietis in concilio generali 
edita, dummodo aliquis auctoritate presentium ultra tres dictas non trahatur, et aliis 
apostolicis constitutionibus, ac Tuamensis et Clonfertensis ecclesiarum predictarum 
juramento, confirmatione apostolica, vel quavis firmitate alia roboratis, statutis et con- 
suetudinibus contrariis quibuscunque. Aut si aliqui, apostolica vel alia quavis auc- 
toritate, in Tuamensis vel Clonfertensis ecclesiis predictis in canonicos sint recepti, vel 
ut recipiantur insistant, seu si super provisionibus sibi faciendis de canonicatibus et 
prebendis ipsarum Tuamensis et Clonfertensis ecclesiarum, ac hujusmodi vel aliis 
beneficiis ecclesiasticis in illis partibus, speciales vel generales, dicta sedis vel Legato- 
rum ejus litteras impetrarint, etiam si per eas ad inhibitionem, reservationem et de- 
cretum, vel alias quomodolibet sit processum, quasquidem litteras et processus habitos 
per easdem ad rectorias et vicariam predictes nolentes extendi, eundem Ristardum in 

assecutione 


174 


assecutione vacantium canonicatuum et prebendarum predictorum volumus anteferri, 
sed nullum per hoc cis, quoad assecutionem canonicatuum et prebendarum seu benefi- 
ciorum aliorum, prejudicium generari. Aut si venerabilibus fratribus nostris Tuam- 
ensi et Clonfertensi Episcopis, ac dilectis dictarum Tuamensis et Clonfertensis 
ecclesiarum capitulis, vel quibusvis aliis communiter vel divisim, ab eadem sit 
sede indultum, quod ad receptionem vel provisionem alicujus minime teneantur, et 
ad id compelli, aut quod interdici, suspendi vel excommunicari, aut extra vel ultra 
certa loca ad judicium evocari non possint. Quodque de canonicatibus et pre- 
bendis ipsarum Tuamensis ct Clonfertensis ecclesiarum, ac hujusmodi vel aliis bene- 
ficiis ecclesiasticis ad eorum collationem, provisionem, presentationem seu quamvis 
aliam dispositionem, conjunctim vel separatim, spectantibus, nulli valeat provideri per 
litteras apostolicas, non facientes plenam et expressam, ac de verbo ad verbum de in- 
dulto hujusmodi, mentionem, et quibuslibet alns privilegiis, indulgentiis et litteris 
apostulicis, gencralibus vel speciulibus, . . . . . . . existant, per que presentibus non 
expressa, vel totaliter non inserta, effectus earum impediri valeat quomodolibet vel 
differri, et de quibus quorumque totis tenoribus habendo sit in nostris litteris mentio 
specialis, Seu si dictus Ristardus presens non fuerit, ad prestandum, de observandis 
statutis et consuetudinibus Tuamensis et Clonfertensis ecclesiarum predictarum, solits 
juramenta, dummodo in absentia sua, per procuratorem ydoneum, et... . . ecclesias 
predictas accesserit corporaliter illa prestet. Volumus autem quod propter unionem, 
annexionem et incorporationem predictas, si vigore presentium fiant, rectorie ac 
vicania predicte debitis non fraudentur obsequiis, et animarum cura in eis nullatenus 
neghigatur, sed earum congrue supportentur onera consucta, Ac quod dicto Ristardo 
cedente vel decedente, seu canonicatum et prebendam ecclesie Tuamensis hujusmodi 
alias quomodolibet dimittente, unio, annexio et incorporatio predicte dissolute sint et 
esse censeantur, Ipseque rectorie et vicaria in pristinum statum revertantur, co ipso, et 
insuper, ex nune irritum decernimus et inane, si secus super hiis a quoquam, quavis 
auctoritate, sclenter vel ignoranter, contizerit attemptari, Datum Rome apud Sanctum 
Petrum, Anne incarnations Dominice millesimo quingentesime undecimo, quinto Id. 
Januar, Pontiticatus nostri anny nono. 
[Sub Plumbeo sigillo pendente a silo canabeo.] 


" I rec egRRHR le ( rnoheqge, Ac. 
ui. 1. 1497. 
* Reverendissimo in Christo patri domino, domino Wilhelmo, miseracione divina, 
Archiepiscopo Tuamensis, Matheus, eadem miseracione, Episcopus Clonfertensis, ac 
David de Burgu Canonicus cuthedralis ceclesie Clonfertensis, ac in causa reetorie de 


Gnobeg, 


175 


Gnobeg, ac vicariarum de Mychullyn, et Kyleoommyn, et Kybrowan, ac Raffun, Enach- 
dunensis diocesis; contra et adversus Mauritium O Flahartt super vicaria de Gnobeg, 
ac Rodricum O Kennewayn super vicariis de Kylcommyn et Kylrowayn, et contra 
Odonen O’Flaharthit, ad instanciam Wardiani, et octo perpetuorum vicariorum ecclesie 
collegiate Sancti Nicholai ville Galvie, dicte diocesis, omnibusque aliis et singulis ad 
quos dictarum vicariarum et rectorie collacio, provisio, presentacio seu quevis alia dis- 
posicio, de jure vel consuetudine, spectare dinoscitur, salutem, et nostris ymo verius 
apostolicis firmiter in hac parte obedire mandatis, litteras siquidem sanctissimi in 
Christo patris ac domini, domini Alexandri, digna Dei providencia Pape, sexti, cum 
cordula canapis, more Romane curie, bullatas, sanas, integras, non viciatas, non cancel- 
latas, nec in aliqua sui parte suspectas, sed omnino prorsus vicio et suspicione carentes, 
prout, prima facie, nobis apparebat, per prefatos wardianum et vicarios nobis, cum ea 
qua decuit reverencia, presentatas, nos noveritis recepisse, quarum litterarum tenor, 
de verbo ad verbum, sequitur, et est talis. Alexander Episcopus, servus servorum 
Dei, venerabili fratri nostro episcopo Clonfertensi, ac dilecto filio Davidi de Burgo 
canonico ecclesie Clonfertensis, salutem et apostolicam benedictionem. Humilibus 
supplicum votis libenter anuimus, eaque favoribus prosequimur oportunis. Exhibita 
siquidem nobis nuper, pro parte dilectorum filiorum wardiani secularis et collegiate 
ecclesie Sancti Nicholai ville Galvie, Enachdunensis diocesis, et octo perpetuorum vica- 
riorum, peticio, continebat quod, licet perpetua parochialis ecclesie de Mykullyn dicte 
diocesis, eidem ecclesie Sancti Nicholai, perpetuo canonice unita existit, tamen di- 
lectus filius Mauricius O’flahartt, pro clerico se gerens, falso asserens vicariam pre- 
dictam ad se, pretextu quarundam litterarum apostolicarum, seu alias, pertinere de 
jure, easdem wardianum et vicarios super hoc, inter alia, petendo vicarias hujusmodi 
sibi adjudicare, coram dilecto filio Milero O’Kennewan canonico Tuamensi, quem 
judicem super hoc competentem, auctoritate apostolica, deputatum esse dicebat ; 
traxit in causam, et idem Milerus in causa ipsa perperam procedens, diffinitivam, pro 
dicto Mauritio, et contra wardianum et vicarios prefatos, sentenciam promulgavit 
iniquam, a qua, pro parte wardiani et vicariorum eorundem, ad sedem fuit apostolicam 
appellatum, sed ipsi wardianus et vicarie, legittimo, ut asserunt, impedimento detenti, 
appellacionem hujusmodi non fuerunt infra tempus debitum prosecuti, quare, pro 
parte wardiani et vicariorum eorundem, nobis fuit humiliter supplicatum, ut, lapsu 
dicti temporis non obstante, appellationis predicte, ac post et contra illam attemptato- 
rum et innovatorum quorumcunque, ac predictarum et quarumlibet aliarum litterarum, 
per ipsum Mauritium super hoc quovis modo impetratarum, surreptionis et obreptionis 
illarum, et processus et sententie hujusmodi aliorumque omnium et singulorum per 
Mylerum et Mauritium predictos, ac quoscunque alios judices et personas, in wardiani 

et 


176 


et vicariorum ac ecclesie Sancti Nicholai prejudicium, circa premises quocunque ges- 
torum, nullitatis et invaliditatis tocius, quoque principalis negocii, necnon omnes et 
singulos quos wardianus et vicarii predicti contra dictum Mauritium, ac dilectos no- 
biles viros Willielmum de Burgo, et ejus fratres ac ejus natos domicellos, et ceteros 
eorum consanguineos, ac Thadeum M‘breyn Flaharthyt, Ricardum alias Risterdum de 
Burgo, et quoscunque alios clericos et laicos super rectoria et vicariis hujusmodi, im- 
pedimentis, molestationibus, dampnis et injuriis eisdem wardiano et vicariis ac ecclesie 
Sancti Nicholai super hujusmodi et aliis rectoriis et perpetuis vicariis ac beneficus 
ecclesiasticis, eidem ecclesic Sancti Nicholai similiter unitis, et illorum occasione, in- 
debite illatis, ac aliis rebus, communiter et divisim ; movere intendunt, causes ali- 
quibus probis viris in partibus illis committere, et alia in premissis oportune providere, 
de beniznitate apostolica dignaremur. Nos igitur hujusmodi supplicacionibus inclinati, 
discretioni vestre, per apostolica scripta, mandamus, quatenus vos vel alter vestrum, 
si vocatis Mauritio ac clericis et laicis prefatis, ac aliis qui fuerint evocandi, quod de 
impedimento hujusmodi proponitur veritate fulcitur, auditisque hinc inde propositis, 
eciam de principali negocio hujusmodi cognoscentes, legittime quod justum fuerit, ap- 
pellatione remota decernatis facientes quod decreveritis per censuram ecclesiasticam 
firmiter observari. Testes autem qui fuerunt nominati, 6i se gratia, odio vel timore 
substraxerint, censura simili, appellatione cessante, compellatis veritati testimoniam 
perhibere. Non obstantibus lapsu dicti temporis, necnon felicis recordationis Bone- 
facii Pape octavi predecessoris nostri qua cavetur, inter alia, ne quis extra civitetem 
et diocesim, nisi in certis exceptis casibus, et in illis ultra unam dietam a fine sue dio- 
cesis ad judicium evocetur, seu ne judices ab eadem sede deputati, extra civitatem et 
diocesim in quibus deputati fucrint, contra quoscunque procedere, seu alii vel aliis 
Vices suas committere presumerint, dummodo ultra duas dietas, auctoritate presen- 
cium, aliquis non trahatur, et constitutionibus ac ordinacionibus apostolicis contrariis 
quibuscunque. Aut si Mauritio et clericis et laicis predictis, vel quibusvis aliis com- 
muniter vel divisim, ab cadem sede sit indultum, quod suspendi, interdici vel exe 
communicuri non possint, aut extra vel citra loca ad judicium evocari non possint, per 
literas apostylicas non facientes plenum ct expressam, ac de verbo ad verbum et inde 
indulto hujusmedi mentionem, Datum Rome apud Sanctum Petrum anno incarna- 
tionis dominice M'ccece" nonagesimo sexto, tercio Idus Aprilis, Pontificatus nostri 
anne quarto. Post quarum quidem litcrarum apostolicarum presentacionem et recep- 
tacionem nobis, et per nos factas, fuimus per prefates wardianum et vicarios debits 
cum instancht requisitl, quatents id executionem predictarum literarum et contente 
rum in eis procedere dignaremur. Nos igitur mandatum apostolicum volentes exequi, 
ut tcnemur, competencie Jurisdictionis ct validitatis litterarumac....... 2.6.6 
citacionis 





177 


citacionis citandorum per nos prius interpositis, decretis certis nostris nunciis et ap- 
paritoribus, per nostras patentes literas, dedimus in mandatis, quos predictos Mauri- 
tium, Odonem et Rodericum dictarum vicariarum et rectorie detentores, ad instanciam 
predictorum wardiani et octo perpetuorum vicariorum, predictos Mauritium, Odonem 
et Rodericum citarent seu citari facerent ad certos diem et locum, ipsisque apparitoribus 
coram nobis apparentibus, in die et loco prestitis, juramentis de emissione citacionis 
fidem coram nobis facientibus, de personali citacione predictorum Mauritii, Odonis et 
Roderici, corporali prestito juramento, fidem fecerent, et quod ipsis personaliter citatis, 
manifeste ac palam et publice dixerint, et ipsorum quilibet dixit, se nullatenus velle 
comparere, assumptisque nobis ante omnia duobus viris ydoniis, in locum tabellionis 
datis decretis per nos manifeste contumacie predictorum citatorum, proposita peticione 
formali coram nobis per procuratorem predictorum wardiani et vicariorum, de cujus 
procuratoris nobis legittime constabat assignatisque prius modis diversis terminis, pro 
convincenda predictorum manifesta contumacia, ipsisque minime comparentibus, nec 
per se neque per procuratores, in ipsorum manifesta contumacia perseverantes. Mon- 
stratis articulis ex parte wardiani et vicariorum, super veritate petitorum et rela- 
torum, testibus super premissis rite receptis, et ipsorum attestacionibus publicatis, ac 
literis vestris, pariter et apostolicis, super unione predictorum beneficiorum facta ipsi 
ecclesie collegiate Sancti Nicholai ville Galvie, ex parte predictorum wardiani et 
vicariorum nobis in judicio exhibitis, et perlectis diligenter, discussis et examinatis, 
invenimus pariter cognovimus luculenter fore probatum, quod prefati Mauritius, Odo 
et Rodericus in rectoria et vicariis predictis, predictos wardianum et vicarios, de facto, 
perturbarunt et inquietarunt, quo minus fructus, redditus et proventus dictarum rec- 
torie et vicariarum percipere possint, ac quod ipsi..... appellacionem a dilecto filio 
Mylero O’Kennewan per wardianum et vicarios interpositam, et ab ejus sentenciam inno- 
varunt et attemptarunt, fructus, redditus et proventus dictarum rectorie et vicariarum 
in suos..... usque in prejudicium non modicum dictorum wardiani et vicariorum, et 
ecclesie collegiate Sancti Nicholai, dampnabiliter convertendo. Ideoque nos, Altissimi 
nomine invocato, de cujus vultu rectum procedit judicium, cujusque oculi vident equi- 
tatem, predictam sentenciam,auctoritate apostolica qua fungimur in hac parte, infirmamus, 
cassamus et irritamus, et cassam et irritam, ymo verius nullam fore et esse, per presentes 
pronunciamus. Quapropter vobis Reverendissimo domino ac domino Willielmo archie- 
piscopo Tuamensi, in virtute Sancte obediencie precipimus, et precipiendo mandamus, 
quatenus, visis presentibus literis, predictos Mauritium, Odonem et Rodericum, auc- 
toritate nostra, ymo verius apostolica, moneatis ut infra sex dies, lecturam presencium 
immediate sequentes, ut a dicta molestacione et perturbacione omnino desistant, 
realiter et cum effectu, qui momtis, vestris ymo verius nostris et apostolicis, non per- 
venerint [sic] elapsis supradictis v1. diebus, quorum duos pro primo, duos pro secundo re- 

IRISH ARCH. 80C. NO. I5. 2A liquos 





178 


liquos vero duos dies pro tertio et...... canonice monicionis termino ipsis assignavimes, 
qui in hocculpabiles reperti fuerunt, auctoritate nostra apostolica, cum suis defensoribus, 
consiliariis, et fautoribus, majoris excommunicacionis vinculo innodetis, quos eciam nos, 
eadem auctoritate apostolica, innodamus et innodatos fore et esse, per presentes decla- 
ramus. Nichilominus vobis omnibus et singulis in salutacionem contentis, precipimua, 
sub penis quibus decet canonicis, et precipiendo mandamus, quatenus predictos per- 
turbatores et molestatores wardiani et vicariorum in dictis rectoria et vicariis, cam 
fautoribus defensoribus suis et consiliariis, omnibus diebus dominicis et festivis ex- 
communicatos esse, excommunicatione majori, publice nuncietis, et, licet ex super- 
habundanti exercetis, pulsatis campanis et candelis accensis. Insuper eciam, vobis 
Reverendissimo domino ac domino Willielmo archiepiscopo Tuamensi, cui ob reve- 
renciam pontificalem officii in hiis duximus deferendum, precipimus, et precipiendo 
mandamus, quod hunc nostrum processum apostolicum reverenter et humiliter sus 
ciplatis, et a vestris suscipi faciatis, necnon sibi et suis preceptis et mandatis infra 
dies, a tempore ipsius exhibicionis ot ostencionis vobis facte, humiliter pareatis et 
respondeatis, et a vestris subditis faciatis integre responderi, quorum sex dierum, 
duos pro primo, duos pro secundo reliquos vero duos dies pro tertio et monitorie canonice 
monitionis termino vobis assignamus: qui si monitis nostris, ymo verius apostolicis, 
non parieritis elapsis sex dicbus, vos ab ingressu ecclesie interdicimus, et si per alios 
sex dies, supradictos sex dies immediate sequentes, pertinaciter non parieritis, vos 
ab omni pontificali officio interdicimus, et si, quod absit, per alios sex dies, predictos 
XII. dies immediate sequentes, non persisteris indurato, ab omnibus divinis officiis, 
auctoritate apostolica, vos suspendimus, per presentes, omnesque alios et singulos, 
majoris excommunicacionis vinculo, innodamus. Acta sunt hec in ecclesia parochiali 
de Ballaynpatrik, Clonfertensis diocesis, xv1°. die mensis Decembris, Anno Domini 
nillesimo, quadringentessimo, nonagesimo septimo.” 


“LH.5. Maria. 


" Et ego vero, Matheus Lorcan Enachdunensis diocesis, ac publicus, 
Iinperiali auctoritate, notarius, suprascriptum processum apostolicaum 
ab initio et principaliter scriptum et subscriptum per duos vires 
ydonevs, viz., per magistrum David O’Langayn, canonicum cathe- 
dralis ecclesie Clontertensis, et dominum Mauritium O’ffyne, ejus- 
dem divcesis presbiterum, jussu et rogatu prefatorum judicum, de 
verbo ad verbum in hance publicam formam transumsi fidcliter et 
exciiplavi, eaque, meis signis solitis et consuctis, roboravi, unacum 
apposicione sigillorum supradictorum judicum, in fide et robore 
omuium et singulorum premissorum, rogatus et requisitus.” 


The 


179 


The rarity of original Rescripts from Rome, particularly since the enactment of 
the English Statute 28 Henry VIII. c. 16, and their great value towards a complete 
ecclesiastical history of Ireland, a work which yet remains to be written, will, it is 
hoped, excuse the Editor for inserting those above given. That a general collection 
of these important documents would throw considerable light upon many dark and 
doubtful portions of Irish history is obvious; but it is to be regretted, that few only 
are to be met with in any of our public repositories or libraries. Even Bishop 
Nicholson, in his Historical Library, affords but little information on the subject. The 
student must, therefore, have recourse to the Roman Bullarium, and to those of the 
Regular Orders, from which De Burgo, in his History of the Dominicans, has drawn 
so largely. Many ancient Bulls and Briefs will be found entered in our diocesan 
archives, particularly in the Registries of Archbishops Fleming, Swain, Prene, &c., 
of Armagh, and Alan of Dublin. They also occur in private collections, and parti- 
cularly among the old Roman Catholic families of Ireland. 
The ecclesiastical division of West Connaught is thus given in the Regal Visitation 
of A. D. 1615, the original of which is preserved in the Chief Remembrancer’s Office, 
Dublin: “ Decanatus de Mothcullen. 
Pertinet ad Collegium Gallivie. 

“ Rectoria de Mothcullen, ( Vicaria ibidem spectat ad idem Collegium. 
Curatus nullus. 

‘“Rathana, . . . . -. Rectoria spectat ad idem Coll. 


Rectoria impropriata. Comes Clanricard firmarius. 
“ Rectoria de Kiulconyn. 


Vicaria de eadem spectat ad idem Coll. 
Curatus residens,. . 


Curatus, Bernardus M°. Gilpatrick. 
Impropriata. Comes Clanricard firmarius. 
“ Rectoria de Killathin, . [ee ibidem, Bernard MF. Gilpatrick. Minister legens 
: non comparuit. 
“ Rectoria de Moyras, re- Vicente Johannes King miles firmarius. 
sidens, . . . . .¢ Vicarius de eadem, KealaDulhy. Valor 5s. 
Impropriata. Johannes King miles firmarius. 
Vicarius de eadem Richardus Brenagh, studii gratia. 
Valor 5s. Ecclesia edificata more patrio. 
Curatus, Anthonius Blake minister. 


[ 
“ Rectoria de itm] 
ie Johannes King miles firmarius. 


Curatus residens, . 


“ Rectoria de Uma-fahin. 
Vicarius non residens. 
Curatusresidens,. . 


Vicarius de eadem, David O’Molavoyle, studii gratia. 
Valor 4s. 
Curatus idem Blake. 
2A2 “ Rectoria 


181 


“ common huntsmen,” even with their aid, did not immediately prevent the ravages 
of the wolves, appears from the following declaration, issued the year after the pre- 
ceding : 

“ Declaration touchinge the Poore.” 

‘‘Upon serious consideration had of the great multitudes of poore, swarming in all 
partes of this nation, occasioned by the devastations of the country, and the habit of 
licentiousness and idleness which the generality of the people have acquired in the time 
of this rebellion, insomuch, that frequently some are found feeding on carrion and 
weeds, some starved in the highways, and many times poore children, who lost their 
parents, or deserted by them, are found exposed to, some of them fed upon by ravening 
wolves, and other beasts and birds of prey; the said Commissioners conceive it a duty 
incumbent upon them, to use all honest and laudable waics and means for the relief of 
such poore people.—And forasmuch as at present the poverty of the country is so 
great, and the number of poore who (by reason of the wasting of the country) have 
neither friends or habitations to resort unto, are so many, that the ordinary course 
provided by law for their reliefe, cannot be so effectuall as is desired: the Commis- 
sioners have resolved, and doe hereby order and declare, that subscriptions shall be 
taken in every precinct in Ireland, of all such persons (either civill or military) as shall 
be willing to underwrite any sum of money for the reliefe of poore children or other 
the uses aforesaid, for one year next ensuing, to be paid quarterly, and some part 
thereof to be advanced beforehand. And the said Commissioners have thought fitt to 
publish this declaration in printt, that all such as have received mercy from the Lord 
by being enabled to administer relief unto others, may lay hold on this opportunity, 
to honor him with their substance, by contributing cheerfully to this so publick and 
charitable a work, as faithful stewards of those talents wherewith God hath intrusted 
them.—Dated at Dublin, the 12th May, 1653.—CHaRLEs FLEETWooD—EDMOND 
LupDLOw—MILEs CorBET—JOHN JoNnEs.”’—Council Book. 

This was soon after fullowed by the following 


é Declaration touching Wolves.” 


“For the better destroying of wolves, which of late years have much increased in 
most parts of this nation, It is ordered that the commanders in chiefe and commis- 
sioners of the Revenue in the several precincts, doe consider of, use and execute all 
good wayes and meanes, how the wolves, in the counties and places within the respec- 
tive precincts, may be taken and destroyed ; and to employ such person or persons, 
and to appoint such daies and tymes for hunting the wolfe, as they shall adjudge 
necessary. And it is further ordered, that all such person or persons, as shall take, 

kill 


182 


kul, or destroy any wolfes, and shall bring forth the head of the woulfe before the said 
conmaunders of the revenue, shall receive the sums following, viz., for every Biteh 
welt, xX pounds ; for every Dogg wolfe, five pounds ; for every cubb which prayeth 
tur himselt, torty shillings ; for every suckling cubb, ten shillings: And no woolfe 
atter the last of September until the roth of January be accounted a young woolfe, and 
the Columissivners of the Revenue shall cause the same to be equallie assessed within 
ther previnets—Dublin, aoth June 1653.7 —Lid. 

he assessments for the useful work here ordered fell heavily on some districts 
hús in December, 1665, the inhabitants of Mayo county petitioned the Council of 
State, that the Commissioners of assessment might be at liberty to compound for 
Woltheads ; which was ordered acecordingly.—Jd. A great national good was, 
however, etteeted. Those destructive animals were finally extirpated, insomuch that, 
in the carly part of the cighteenth century the appearance of a wolf was considered a 
sarily at Lrelane. 

Phe newessity for destroying the wolves during the foregoing melancholy period, may 
be further estimated from the following order of * the State; calculated to prevent 
theo starved” and defenceless “ poore vagrants” alluded to, from falling a prey to 
thoi, 

* Order touching poore Vagrants.” 


“(Upon consideration had of the multitude of persons, especiallie women and children, 
wanderings upp and down the country, that daily perish in ditches, and are starved for 
wantutiche itis thought fitt that such women as have able bodyes to worke, and 
awh chihtiva of about 12 years, whose husbands or parents are dead or gone beyond 
wa, ob who have not friends to inaintain them, or means of their owne to preserve 
Ms Nom starving, may be taken up by the overseers of the poore, and that to pre 
veut thy saul persons from starving, the overseers are hereby authorized to treat with 
wetehants for the transporting the said persons into some English plantations ia 
Nuntice Dublin, tst July 1653.°—Jd. This mandate appears not to have been effeo- 
tual tear the scar after the following entry occurs: “13 Dec. 1654. Proposed unto 
hao tlashenes, the conveniency and good that probably may tend unto the nation, by 
ides veacly Coansportation of some fitt number of Irish children into England ; to be 
base the El customes, and from their superstition, by being distributed into 
stele pouttshes an Etland and Wales as may be thought meete."—Jd. No order 
By be bó have teen made on this proposal. 

Le vascqeutelisteal annals of Ireland contain some curious notices of Wolves. Those 
al WU lenaw taise, yitoted note ’, p- Si. ante, state that, in A. D. 688, “a wolf was seen 
aol baol toe speak with human voice.” Sce also for this, the Annals of the Four 


Masters, 


183 


Masters, at A. D. 690. This wonderful wolf was probably what the old Germans 
called a Were-wolf, for which see Verstegan, p. 237. Cambrensis has inserted this 
notable story in his Topographia. The Book of Lecan, fol. 61, and from it Colgan, 
Pp. 754, relate how one Lon, who had impiously opposed St. Cormac, going to Sliabh 
Botha Mountain, near Rosargid, was devoured by wolves Ouacan coin allea e; and 
a heap or Carncloch was laid on his bones. In the sixteenth century, wolves com- 
mitted great devastation in Munster. After the destruction of Kilmallock by James 
Fitz-Maurice in A. D. 1591, that place became the haunt of wolves. For their ravages 
during Desmond’s rebellion, see O’Sullivan in Compend. lib. viii. ch. 6.; and at 
a later period, Moryson, vol. ii. p. 367, Dub. Ed. See also Lombard, De Regno Hib. 
p- 92: 
NOTE E. See page 12, note", ‘* Whales.” 

Our Author has noticed the stranding of several whales on the coasts of Iar-Con- 
naught; and since his time many have been cast ashore there. The following extract 
from a communication made by Lieutenant Burroughs, commander of the Coast Guard 
in the West of Ireland, and embodied in the valuable Fishery Report, alluded to p. 11, 
note’, ante, may, on this subject, be considered interesting. ‘‘ This coast, i.e. the 
west and north-west coast of Ireland ( one of the best fishing coasts in Europe, abound- 
ing, from the most productive Whales, both Spermaceti and Greenland, to the common 
herring), possesses the worst and most ignorant race of fishermen, and (with a few 
exceptions) very indifferent boatmen. But the cause of these remarks may be easily 
accounted for; their poverty, which prevents them from procuring proper stout 
vessels for so dangerous a coast, and almost total absence of all patronage and support 
to follow up with energy and spirit the unbounded sources of wealth which nature 
has thrown within their grasp. It may appear still more extraordinary to those con- 
nected so extensively in the Greenland and South Sea whale fishery, that they should 
so long have remained in ignorance that those fish abound on the coast which I have 
described. In order to give proof to so bold an assertion, I shall state some circum- 
stances which came under my immediate observation in my own vessels, and at 
a subsequent period in command of a revenue cutter. On a visit, in company with 
the Rev. Mr. Mahon, to the sun fishery at Bofin Island, we strayed on a blustry day 
to observe the coast and breakers ; at a short distance from the shore we saw several 
large fish, which I supposed to be grampusses or finners, that had taken shelter under 
the lee of the island: still looking closely at them, they advanced towards the rocks 
immediately under the cliffs, where we had a perfect view of them at a distance of 
500 yards with a spy-glass, their double tufted heads quite conspicuous, and no 
intervening back-fins; I decided at once on their species. In the month of July, after 

* the 


184 


the sun fishery, a large Spermaceti whale was drifted on shore, dead, at the bay of 
Bunowen, in Connemara, about two leagues from Clifden or Ardbear Harbour; in 
consequence of the ignorance of the peasantry and boatmen, and their continual squab- 
bling and fighting, three-fourths of the oil was lost ; the surface of the bay was dyed 
with a rainbow tinge from the floating particles of oil. Shortly after an immense fish 
was towed into the Island of Turk, by three of the island fishing-boats ; the monster 
was observed floating about a mile from the island, and had been but recently killed. 
but how could not be ascertained; this fish completely filed up the small and only 
inlet in the island, and measured in length thirty-three yards; it was claimed by the 
proprietor, I believe the Archbishop of Tuam, who, I had been informed, gave it up 
to the islanders. A small village near the place where they had towed it up to shortly 
became deserted, the inhabitants never calculating on the futid air caused by their 
imprudence. The islanders were two months employed in cutting up and launching 
over the cliffs the bones and remains of their prize. About the beginning of August. 
in beating down Blacksod Bay, with light airs, and near the Islund of Inniskea, two 
large echales came nearly alongside the cutter.” 

The Parliamentary Report from which the foregoing extract has been taken, sufb- 
ciently proves that no part of England or Ireland is better situated fur commanding 
the endless treasures of the deep, than this of lar-Connaught. But its population 
derives little benefit from the vast supply of every kind of fish which annually visits 
its shores. When the fisheries on the west coast of Ireland shall meet with adequate 
encouragement, the poor, and often destitute, inhabitants of the district will become 
industrious and happy. It has been with many a matter of serious doubt, whether 
the injury entailed on the Irish fisheries by the following royal * Dispensation” of 
King Edward VI., ** to eate flesh at forbidden times,” has been countervailed by all 
the Royal and Parliamentary Acts in their favour, from his time to the present day. 

* And where, by the lower and common orders of our Realme, certain dayes and 
tvines be appointed nott onely to cat ffyshe: Our pleasure by advise aforesaid, is, that 
you, our Deputie, shall and may, by force hereof, graunte to such and as manny as you 
thinke good, full libertie to cate fleshe in all tymes forbidden ; Any statute, lawe, or 
custome to the contrarie, notwythstanding.—To Sir Anthony Sentleger, Kot. L. D. 
of our realme of Ireland, and to the rest of our counsaill there.”— Pat, Roll, ¢ 
Eile. VIL Rolls Office, Dablin, 


NOTE F. ee page 13. note C. "Geo of Iar- Connaught.” 


The first development of the Geolory of lar-Connaught was made by the late 
Alexander Nimmo, one of the ablest engineers and geologists of his time. [t appeared 





till 


185 


in his Report on the Bogs of Galway, West of Lough Corrib, printed in the Appendix 
to the Fourth Report of the Commissioners on the Nature and Extent of the Bogs of 
Ireland, ordered by the House of Commons to be printed, 28th April, 1814. The 
geological portion of Mr. Nimmo’s Report will provea valuable and appropriate addi- 
tion to the description of West Connaught. 

The Royal Dublin Society, aware of the mineralogical importance of these western 
districts, in A. D. 1825-8, deputed their Professor of Mineralogy and Geology, Sir 
Charles L. Giesecke, to proceed thither, and report the result of his investigations. 
His Reports are incorporated in the Proceedings of the Society. Perhaps no other part 
of Ireland has had the advantage of similar investigations; and we are not altogether 
without a hope that they may ultimately prove advantageous to this long neglected 
district. 

NOTE G. See page 17, note°. * Lough Measg.” 


On an island in this lake, Eoghan Beul, fourth Christian King of Connaught, who 
began his reign, according to Tigernach, in A.D. 502, held his residence. See the 
curious life of St. Cormac in the Book of Lecan, fol. 63, and in Colgan, p. 7842, for an 
account of the Saint’s visit to that king, at his Dun or residence, called Dun Eoghain, 
on the island of Inis-meadhoin (now Inishmean) in Lough Measg. Here an abbey, 
said to have been predicted by St. Cormac, was afterwards erected.—Jd. In A.D. 
1223, Maoiliosa, son of Torlogh O’Conor, prior of Inis-meadhoin, died.—Four Masters 
A.D. 1227, the abbey was burned by the forces of Hugh O’Conor, who was leagued 
with the De Burgos.—Jd. Some ruins of this abbey yet remaining, indicate it to 
have been a small but beautiful building. The site and considerable vestiges of the 
Dun of Eoghan Beul may still be traced. The celebrated Cathal Crovedearg O’Co- 
nor, King of Connaught, was born at the harbour of Lough Mask ; and was fostered by 
Teige O’Concanon, at Hy-Diarmada in the present county of Galway, the ancient 
patrimony of the O’Concanons. Cathal died in A.D. 1224. For a curious notice of 
Eoghan Beul, see “ The Tribes and Customs of Hy-Fiachrach,” p. 471, edited by Mr. 
O’Donovan, for the Irish Archeological Society, A.D. 1844. 

Caislen na Caillighe, or Hag’s Castle, on Lough Measg, called by our author ““an 
impregnable castle,” is frequently mentioned in our annals. In A.D. 1195, Catha 
the son of Dermott led an army from Munster into Connaught ; and proceeded with- 
out interruption until he arrived at Lough Measg and Inis Robha ; where he captured 
the boats or vessels of Cathal Crovdearg O’Conor, King of Connaught, and brought 
them to Caislen na Caillighe. A.D. 1233, Cathal’s son and successor, Felim King of 
Connaught, demolished this castle, and others throughout the province, which were 

IRISH ARCH. SOC. IS. 2B erected 





lar a TL 


aa á. 


var Teas, né Sz Richard Bingham, Governor of Connaught 


* 


-- 


186 


. ..a.c¢ and the De Burgos. It was afterwards re- 


‘+ 4 www. i= the possession of their descendants until 


ww" cures in the province, and was defended against 


aicme sw 3. %.. aca others of his kinsmen, the descendants of 


i 


~ A 


~ “- 


a 


- 7 -é- me 


- “ery 


wa ticked thither, as well for safety as to avoid 
ox. then first established in this country. The 
>t Sve vessels manned with the best of his troops: 
-mwm& of one vessel and several men. The Bourkes, 
~~. 2 rutreated with their wives and children across 
- ~.. demolished the castle, and caused Richard oge, 
~ .? Mac William Bourke, to be put to death. 

- a Four Masters, at A. D. 1 586; but it will be 
Sytac.’s wn narrative in Stowe’s Chronicle, London, 
“a 4 tas voung chief caused a great sensation at the 


- ais A.D. 1595; and to it the accused Governor 
vas. ge commonly called the Perall of Ireland. 
www. for, pretending to do service, laide a plot in 
sx oy seserall rebellion within that County, having 
mas sypeareth by an act then sett down under 

a cr mere of the councell of the province, which 
was tt the whole proceeding ; and likewise with 
... ee“ themselves, Sir Richard having no other 

; twwason of the great troubles; and that he 
r. manner of discontentment or feare to any. 


wet’ 
. -." airi” ee their hands; but all those matters Sir 

LÁ sis acquitted by the Councell.” See the 
sea tire Cotton Library, British Museum, Titus 


esc 1 have not found, but suppose that they 
sacs of the reign of Elizabeth. To the future 
, inland, they will be indispensable. 


NA 


“t~ 


hn ** Inis an Ghaill" 


vex wana, mentioned by our author, “ that dedicated 
ike w.. the primitive Irish churches, it is divided 
Slat eps cadeated to the Gall Crathhtheach, literally 

es the 


187 


“the devout foreigner,” is now called Teampull na Naomh, the church of the Saint, 
and is a highly-finished specimen of the religious houses erected by the Irish from 
the eighth to the eleventh century, but it has suffered much by time. It lies a short 
distance to the south-east of the church of St. Patrick, and an old winding road or 
passage, which led from the one to the other, may still be traced. It is not impro- 
bable that this “‘devout foreigner” was the holy priest, Egbert, mentioned by Bede, 
Lili. c.27. The nave of the church or chapel dedicated to St. Patrick is about 
twenty-two feet long, and thirteen broad. The choir arch is still standing. The 
doorway, three concentric arches, is formed of red grit stone. At the south-east 
corner of the church is a square tomb, probably that of archbishop Muirges O’Nioc, 
who died in this island in A. D. 1128, as mentioned above, and in the Annals of 
Ulster and Four Masters. At a small distance to the southwest is a small perpen- 
dicular headstone of hard granite, three feet over ground, and five inches square, 
which bears the following inscription: ‘‘ Lie Lugnaedon macc Lmenueh.” The stone 
of Lugnaedon, the son of Limenueh. This Limenueh, or Liamain, otherwise called 
Darerca, was sister of St. Patrick; and Lugnaedon is styled his dala or alumnus in 
the Irish Martyrologies.—See the Book of Lecan, 43 (a, 6), Trias Thaum. 226. (b.), and 
Acta SS. 716. This is considered the oldest Christian monument as yet discovered 
in Ireland. The inscription is in the Roman characters of the fifth century. An 
attempt to decipher it may be seen noticed in a publication which was popular in its 
day, entitled the Irish Magazine, printed in Dublin, June, 1810, p. 256. ‘‘ It is 
written in the hard Irish, or virgin” [by this word was probably meant virgular | 
characters, and is in English: ‘ Underneath this stone lie Goill, Ardan, and Sionan.’”’ 
This was utterly unworthy of notice, and would not be alluded to here, except to 
shew the lamentable ignorance which then prevailed, when none could be found ca- 
pable of reading and explaining an inscription, which required but ordinary know- 
ledge of the language and history of Ireland. It becomes necessary here to notice an 
oversight of the learned translator and editor of the Annals of Ulster and the Four 
Masters, Doctor O’Conor. In both these Annals, at the entry of the death of Murges 
O’Nioc, Archbishop of Tuam, A. D. 1128, Imp an gZurll, where he is stated to have 
died, appears translated “ insulis Alienigenarum,” and in the Annals of Ulster this is 
explained, “: (i.e. Ebudibus)” the Hebrides; mistaking it for mp gall, which these 
islands were always called by the ancient Irish. But that this was a mere oversight 
appears from a note to a previous entry in the Annals of the Four Masters, A. D. 
“26, which contains the following passage: “ Est etiam prope Congam Insula dicta 
Inis-an-Gaill-chrabhuig, Insula Saxonum Religiosorum, in qua sunt dus Capelle et 
multa Sanctorum Sepulchra;” though even here “ Gaill-chrabhuig” should be ren- 


dered ‘“‘ Saxonis Religiosi.” 
2B2 NOTE 


188 


NOTE I. See page 28, note*. ‘‘ Fanatics.” 


Other instances of local proceedings, as remarkable as those of the Anabaptists 
given by our author, might be adduced ; but it is necessary to limit this continuation 
of our former note, to one or two incidents of a harmless nature which occurred 
here. In A. D. 1655, two disciples of George Fox, “ Humphy Norton and William 
Shaw, being in a peaceable meeting at Samuel Vewton’s house in Galway, were by a 
guard of soldiers forcibly Aaled thereout, the meeting broken up, and turned out of 
the town, and not suffered to go in to fetch their Horses."— Compendious View of 
sume extraordinary Sufferings of the People called Quakers, 8vo. Dublin, 1731, p. §3 
The * Quakers,” however, persevered. In A. D. 1669, * Solomon Eccles, being moved 
of the Lord to go asa sign, on the 14th of the 7th month, and that naked, with fire 
and brimstone burning on his head, without the gutes of the City, into a papists’ 
Mass-meeting, and the Fryar and people being upon their knees, he (in the spirit of 
the Lord) said, ‘wo to these idolatrous worshippers ; God hath sent me this day to 
warn you, and to let you see, that if you repent not, what shall be your reward.’ 
And so he went over the bridge into the City, warning them also to repentance ; and 
when done he was had to prison, with his three Friends, Randal Cousins, Nich. 
(iriblle, and Henry Bloodworth, who accompanied him in his services; Eliza Harper, 
visiting them in prison, wus also there detained, and after several days imprisonment, 
were all released.” —/d. p. 118. lt is a curious fact that from that time to the present, 
not a Quaker or Jew has been seen in these western parts of Ireland. 

The following occurrence in this district, recorded in Cambrensis Eversus, will 
shew to what extent the spirit of religious feeling had excited people at that period : 
" Nuperrime firmioris et intirmioris sexus ct wtatis multitude ad fontem Galvie vici- 
mun Javanda confluxit, ut salubritatem, vel natura vel S. Augustini (cujus nomen 
verit) deprecatione aquis ejus inditam hauriret. Ad innoxiam hanc turbam guber- 
nator Galviensis ducum suorum audacig satelles prvsidiarios milites eduxit, qui juseu 
ejus plumbew grandinis nimbo insontes ex improviso perfuderunt ; quorum aliqui 
eravioribus vulneribus affecti, cater] veste, bonisque nudati in carceres non ducti sed 
tracti sunt.”— Aepist, Dedic. 


NOTE J. See page 32, note. The Red Earl.” 


For rank, possessions, and the exercise of that species of military service, called 
by modern usage, * Martial Law,” Richard Burke, the Red Earl of Ulster, who died in 
A. D. 1326, was undoubtedly one of the foremost men of his time in Ireland. He is 
commemorated as follows by the noble editor of the Memvire of the Marquis of Clan- 


° ricarde 


189 


ricarde, before referred to, p. 39, note’. ‘ Richard, the second earl of Ulster, 
usually called, from his complexion, the Red Earl, had such large possessions, that he 
was the most powerful subject in Ireland.”—-Ped. VIII. As our author has, p. 32, 
adduced documents to shew some of the burgagery and manorial rights of this earl’s 
immediate descendants, I may here refer to a curious old family record, formerly be- 
longing to Mac William Oughter, head of the Bourkes of Mayo, and treating of them 
alone, and which is now preserved in the MS. Library of Trinity College, Dublin, 
F. 4. 13. It is described, “ Historia et Genealogia Familie de Burgo, cum Picturis 
et Armis multorum nobilium hujusce Familie, in membrana delineatis ; et Rhithmis 
in Lingua Hibernice. Omnia Hibernice—Codex membr.” This book contains an 
exaggerated description of the possessions of the “ Red Earl,” which, it alleges, ex- 
tended o na Fopbachaig a n-iancan Chonnace, an outaig muimein Fhlatapcuig, 
go baile mic Scanlain laim le Oun vealgan; agur o Cuéuin a o-Tuaie Mhuman 1 
Shmian, go Saile-hanaig [Seal aca peanarg | coir na h-Einne, &c. “ From Forbagh 
[a place six miles west of Galway] in Jar-Connaught, the territory of the O’Flaherties, 
to Ballymac Scanlan, near Dundalk ; and from Luchud [now Lowid or Lughid bridge] 
in Thomond [viz. in Kilkeedy parish, barony of Inchiquin], to Ballyshannon, on 
Lough Earn.” For the remainder of the exaggerated statement of those possessions, 
see the old volume referred to, fol.1. Mac Firbis, in his large and valuable book of 
genealogies, now in the Library of the Royal Irish Academy, after fol. 798, has the 
following entry in English to the same effect, and probably translated from the same 
old volume, viz.: “The Red Earle was lord in Demayne and Sarvice, for the most 
parte, from Bealagh-Lughyd in Tuamond to Bailiehany, which is an hundred miles, 
and from the Norbagh [Forbagh] by the sea side, to Bailie Mac Skanlon by Dundalke; 
and also from Limbricke to Waterford, besides all his Lands in four Shires, and in 
the Countie of Kilkenny, and Tipperary.” But though it is evident that Mac Firbis 
doubted the extent of the statement, yet that the Red Earl's possessions were widely 
extended there can be no doubt. The following curious and hitherto unpublished re- 
cord may serve to explain how some of those widely extended possessions were 
acquired : 


“‘( Anglia, SS. Conmac.] Placita apud Tristeldermot coram Johanne Wogan Justic. de 
| Anno XX XIII. Edw. I, A. D. 1305. 


“ Supplicavit nobis dilectus et fidelis noster Ricardus de Burgo Comes Ultonie, 
quod, cum O’Conoghur [O'Conor] Hibernicus, quiquam plura homicidia, roberias, 
latrocinia et alia enormia diversa, in terra ipsius comitis de Conacia, et aliis terris ad- 
jacentibus, hactenus perpetravit, et de die in diem, in pacis nostre lesione, perpetrare 


non 


190 


non desistit, tencat quandam terram nostram in Conacia que appellatur Scilmorthy 
[ Siol Muiredhaigh), dictam terram ipsius comitis ibidem contigua, de nobis ad firmam ; 
velimus dictam terram de Scilmorthy eidem comiti, vel alicui altero Anglico, concedere; 
habendum pro tanto nobis inde annuatim reddendo, quantum dictus Hibernicus nobis 
inde hactenus reddere consuevit, vel in excambium pro tantis terris et tanti valoris per 
extentum, nobis per eundem comitem in terra pacis pro predicta terra de Scilmorthy 
danda et concedenda: Nos, igitur, volentes petitionem ipsius comitis, quatenus sine 
nostri Incomodo poterimus, condescendere in hac parte; Vobis mandamus, quod per 
sacramentum proborum et legalium hominum de partibus illis, per quos rei veritas 
melius sciri poterit, diligentur inquiratis, si nos, absque injuria vel prejuditio nobis 
vel alteri facienda, feoffare possumus prefatum comitem vel alium Anglicum quem 
voluerimus, de dictis terris de Scilmorthy, habendis in forma superius annotata, et 
quantum dicta terra de Scilmorthy, valeat per annum, in omnibus exitibus, juxts 
verum valorem ejusdem: et inquisicionem inde distincte et aperte factam, nobis sub 
sivillo vestro et sigillis eorum per quos facta fuit, sine dilatione mittatis et hoc breve. 
Teste meipso apud Wymlyngwelde, decimo tercio die Julii, anno regni nostri tricesimo 
tertio. 

“ Pretextu cujus mandati justiciarius hic processit ad inquisicionem inde facien- 
dam, per juratos subscriptos, in hunc modum. 

‘* Inquisitio capta apud Tristledermod, coram Johanne Wogan, justiciario Hibernie, 
a die Sancti Michaelis in quindecim dies, anno regni Regis Edwardi, AXXAITI.™ per 
subscriptos, viz: Robertum Gent.; Matheum Dreu; Stephanum Talliry; Johannem 
Ffleming; Nicholaum Foleramb, de dicta terra de Scilmorthy; Jordanum de Exon; 
Johannem de Staunton; Richardum Dulyt; Willichnum Gaynard, militem, de comitatu 
Conacie; Walterum de Riddlesford; Michaelem de Kerdiffe; Adam le Poer; Phillipum 
fillum Ade; Stephanum le Prond de cadem comitatu; Walterum le Brett; Willielmum 
de Sancto Leodegario ; Richardum de Walleis, militem, de comitatu Tipperary; 
Johannem filium Ryrteth; Williclmum de Grafton; Johannem de Lowth; Willielmum 
Serle; Rodolphum Serle; Petrum Muriet; Johannem le Ken de eodein comitatu; 
Richardum Gernoun; Henricum de Crus, de comitatu Midie; Richardum de Valle, 
militem, de comitatu Tipperary; et Johannem Coterel, de comitatu Midie: Qui Jursti, 
dicunt super sacramentum suum, quod postquam terra de Scilmorthy, que continet 
quinque cantredras, devenit ad manus Domini Regis, post conquestum quem Williel- 
mus de Burgo fecit de Conacia, quidam Hibernicus nomine Ffeylym O*Conoghur, 
qui se appellavit Regem Conacie, tenuit predictas quinque cantredras de Domino 
Henrico Rege, patre Domini Regis nune, reddendo inde, singulis annis. Domino Regi 
yuingentas marcas. Et ipse Feylim, tota vita sua, tenuit bunam pacem et fideliter 


pacavit 


19! 


pacavit redditum suum. Et post ejus mortem, surrexit filius ejus, et devenit felo Domini 
Regis et ligeos Anglicos Domini Regis de partibus suis interfecit, et movit communem 
guerram contra dominum Regem qui nunc est, et prostravit castra sua de Roscoman, et 
Randon; Quodquidam castrum de Roscomon, Robertus Dufford, primo tempore quo fuit 
justiciarius domini Regis nunc, firmaverat per custagia quasi inestimabilia, proper quod, 
utlagatus fuit, et obiit felo domini Regis, ita quod a tempore mortis Ffelym O’Conoghur, 
usque ad tempus quo predictus Robertus Dufford iterato venit justiciarius, dominus 
Rex parum vel nihil cepit de predicta terra, preterquam de una cantreda que vocatur 
O’Many, quam Dominus Rex nunc dederat Ricardo de la Rokele ad feodum firmum, 
et predictus Robertus, in secundo suo adventu, per magnos exercitus et custos quasi 
inestimabiles, iterato firmavit castrum de Roscomon in predicta terra, et ipse dimisit 
cuidam O’Conaghur duas cantredas et dimidium de predicta terra, que sunt versus 
magnam Iretheriam Conacie et Ultonie, ad firmum, viz. cantredam de Maylurg et 
Tyrelele, et cantredam de Tothes, excepta una villata terre que vocatur Cloinnagga- 
nenan, que fuit Richardi de Calne, que nunc est in manibus Domini Regis per mino- 
rem etatem heredis ipsius, et dimidium cantredi de Moyhe, reddendo inde domino 
Regi, singulis annis, centum marcas. Et sic postea diversi justiciarii diversis Hiber- 
nicis consanguinitatis et cognominis illius, per consimilem firmam illas duas cantredas 
et dimidium dimiserunt, sed Hibernici illi raro totam firmam, et sepe parte per an- 
num, et sepius nihil inde solverunt. Et dicunt quod predicte due cantrede et dimi- 
dium valent, communioribus annis, tempore pacis in omnibus exitibus, centum marcas. 
Et dicunt quod si Hibernici fuissent fugati de partibus illis, et terra fuisset assessa 
fidelibus hominibus ille duo cantrede et dimidium valerent, per annum, ducenti et 
quinquaginta marcas, sicut predictus Felym pro eis reddit: sed dicunt hoc non posse 
fieri sine magno posse ipsius domini Regis, et sumptibus inestimabilibus, valorem 
dicte terre excedentibus, maxime cum predictus O’Conoghur sit unus de quinque 
capitaneis hibernicis Hibernie. Et dicunt quod dominus Rex, sine prejudicio vel 
injuria sibi vel alteri faciendo, potest feoffare predictum comitem, vel alium quem 
voluerit, de predictis duobus cantredis et dimidium, quas O’Conoghur modo tenet, 
preter predictas villatas terre. Et dicunt quod erit ad commodum domini Regis et 
fidelium suorum de partibus illis, si dominus Rex det terram illam predicto comiti 
in escambium pro centum mercatis terre, vel redditibus in terra pacis, maxime cum 
predictus comes habeat terras suas in Conacia et Ultonia, et magnum posse Angli- 
corum et Hibernicorum contiguum terre ille per quod melius poterit hibernicos terre 
illius castigare quam alius. In cujus rei testimonium, predicti juratores sigilla sua 

apposuerunt huic Inquisitioni, die et anno supradictis.” 
The foregoing extraordinary record has been transcribed by the editor from the 
original 


192 


original Exemplification under the Great Seal of Charles I., which exemplification 
was produced by the Earl of Strafford to the memorable jury impannelled at Por- 
tumna, in A. D. 1635, to try the King’s title to Connaught. For an account of 
that trial see Carte’s Life of the Duke of Ormonde, vol. L p. 82. Some of the 
proceedings of Walter de Burgo, the father of this "Red earl,” against Felim O’Co- 
nor, King of Connaught, and which are alluded to in this document, will be found 
detailed in the Memoirs of the Life and Writings of the venerable Charles O’Conor, 
p. 41. 
The Blakes of Galway. 


Richard Caddle, dictus niyer or the Black, a guo Blake, was the “common an- 
cestor” of all the present families of this name in the west of Ireland. He was 
sheriff of Connaught in A.D. 1306; and as our author informs us, p. 32, was 
‘bailiffe of Galway under Richard de Burgo, the Red Earl of Ulster,” in A.D. 1312. 
The extract from Debrett given in the History of Galway, p. 7, is altogether fabu- 
lous. But the following remarkable petition of John Blake, alias Caddle (the eldest 
lineal descendant of the above Richard Caddle, dictus niger), to the Commissioners of 
the Plantation of Connaught, in A.D. 1640; and the other original instruments 
which accompany it, satisfactorily prove the origin and descent of this old family. 
These curious documents have been providently saved, and kindly communicated to 
the Editor, by his respected friend, Michael Joseph Browne, Esq., of Moyne, in 
the county of Galway ; who is himself maternally descended from the same stock, and 
whose public and private virtues reflect honour on the ancient race from which he is 
sprung. 

“To the honble his Mat“ Commissioners for 


the Plantacon of the Countie of Gallwey. 
* The humble Peticon of John 


Blake, alias Caddle. 

“ Humbly sheweing, that the peticioner and his auncestors, whose heire 
male he is by lyneall descent, as he is reddy to make it appere by many auncient and 
authentick records and evidences, for eleaven descents, is and have ben respectively 
seised, as of their auncient inheritaunce, of the Castle and two water mills of Kiltor- 
roge, and of the moiety of the two quarters of lund thereunto belonging: and of two 
quarters and an halfe of land in Slewclare, parcell of Kiltorroge afuresaid, in the bar- 
rony of Clare, and of the moiety of the Castle and fowre quarters of land of Balli mé 
croe; and of the moiety of the Castle and fowre quarters of land of Kiltullagh in the 
barony of Dunkellin, and of divers messuadges and lands within the auncient liberties 


of 


193 


of Gallway and Athenry, within which all the premisses doe lie, as apperes by several] 
matters of record. And that the peticioner and his said auncestors did plant there- 
abouts, being an auncient English familie, and there continued without chandge of 
languadge, manners, or habit, and without once matching with any Irish familie, 
since the ninth yeare of King Edward the Second. 

“ And that the premisses ever since were and now are free English land, exempted 
from the Jurisdiccion and yoke of the Irishries, and of all maner of Chieffries and 
Irish exaccon, ordinary or extraordinary, as being independent of any whatsoever, 
but only of the Crowne, as free as any free land in the English Pale, or in any other 
parte or place of this kingdom, as may appere by the said auncient Records and 
evidences. 

é The premisses tenderly considered, and for that the Petitioner is the 
eleaventh masculin English descent, lineally descended from father to 
the sonn, in the possession of the said lands, from Richard Caddle, dicto 
nigro, whose heire male the Peticioner is, whoe purchased the same from 
one Thomas Hobridge, in the 9" yeare of K. Edw. the 24. And that 
although the peticioner, after so long a tracte of time, be called Blacke 
or niger, yet in the offices taken post mortem of his auncestors they were 
called Blake, alias Caddle. That your honours will be graciously pleased 
to take the antiquity of the peticioner’s estate into your consideracion, 
by shewing him your honours’ speciall favor uppon the distribucion, and 
the peticioner shall ever pray.” 


The Prooffe of John Blake, alias Caddle, his Pettegree. 


1. That the said John is son to Nicholas apperes by an office taken post mortem of 
the said N. 28° August, 1629, and by a livery sued by the said John. 

2. That Nicholas was son to John apperes by a lease under the greate seale made 
by the Com™ of the wardes, of the wardshippe of the boddy and lands of the said 
Nicholas, dated the 17th of 7ber, in the 28th yeare of Q. Eliz. and by a livery 
sued by the said Nicholas. 

3. That John was son to Nicholas apperes by a decree made by the Lo. President 
and Councell of Conaght, dated the 6th of March, 1571, and afterwards confirmed by 
the Lord Deputy and Councell. 

4. That Nicholas was son to John apperes by the said Nicholas his last will and 
testament, dated the 18th of 7ber, 1564. 

5. That John was son to Valentyne apperes by the said Valentyne his last will and 
testament, dated the 12th of July, 1499. 

IRISH ARCH. SOC. IS 2C 6. 


194 


6. That Valentyne was son to John apperes by the said John his last will and tes- 
tanent, dated in March, 1468. 

7. That Jolin was son to Henry apperes by the said last-mentioned will of John, 
wherein it is set torth, "John fitz Henry.” 

8. That Henry was son to Juhn apperes by a decd dated the 6th of 8ber, in the 
2d yeare of King H. the 6th, viz., in the yeare of our Lo. 1423. 

g. That John was son to Walter apperes by divers remaynders over to the said 
Henry fitz John fitz Walter; and by a deed dated the 15th yeare of K. Richard the 2d. 

10. That Walter was son to Richard apperes by a will of the said John, dated 
1420, wherein is subscribed, ‘* William fitz Walter fitz Richard.” 

That Richard is the comon auncestur, apperes by the deed made to him by Thomas 
de Hobrigge, in the oth yeare of King Edward the 2d. 

All which the said John Bluke, alias Caddle, is reddy to produce, and to make it 
appere, 

Joun BLAKE. 


Report on the Petition of John Blake, alias Caddle. 


Wee have seriously considered of the annexed peticon of John Blake, alias Caddle, 

of Gallway, gent); and doe fynd by ancient evidences, som without date, by the 
auncient characters whereof wee conceave the same to have ben made in the reigne of 
King Henry the Third, or in the begining of the reigne of King Edward the First, 
and some others beareing date in the sixt yeare of the reigne of King Edward the 
First, that the mannor and lands of Kiltorroge, whereof the castle, two mills, and one 
quarter of land in Kiltorroge, and two quarters and a halfe of Kewelare, udioineing to 
Kiltorroge, are parcells, now in the possession of the said John Blake, alias Caddle; 
and that the towne and lands of Ballymacroe, a/ias Homolorkan and Donegall, whereof 
two quarters are now in the possession of the said John Blake, alias Caddle, were then 
craunted unto Richard Caddle, dieto nigro, and his heirs. And wee doe further find 
that the castle, mannor, and lands of Kiltullagh and Monidone, whereof the said John 
Blake, alas Caddie, is in possession of two quarters, and of the moiety of the said 
castle, were graunted unto the said Richard Caddle, dicto niyro, and his heires, by deed 
dated in the gth yeare of Ringe Edward the Second. And wee further finde that the 
purcells of land of Parke, Clunine, Gortenecormock, Gortnagusta, Carrinteige, Cnock- 
aneglass, Clorone, Blencheneghane, Ffarrin-I-blake, Clonagownae, Rahine, Gortgare, 
and divers tenements within the liberties of Athenri, were graunted unto John Blake, 
ahaa Caddle, and his heires, and to Henry Blake, alia Cuddle, and his heires respee- 
tively, by deeds dated on the rgth yeare of the raigne of King Richard the Second 
and 


195 


and in the second yeare of King Henry the Sixt, and that all the premises before- 
mentioned doe lie in the county of Gallway. And wee further find that the said John 
Blake, alias Caddle, did, by a petegree produced before us and proved by several offices 
and other matters of recorde, and by divers and sundry auncient wills and deeds made 
by his auncestors, prove himselfe to be heire male of the boddy of the said Richard 
Caddle dicto nigro, and of the boddyes of the said Johnand Henry Caddle, alias Blake, 
for eleaven descents lyneally descended from the said Richard Caddle dicto nigro, vizt., 
the said John Blake, alias Caddle, son to Nicholas, the said Nicholas son to John, John 
son to Nicholas, Nicholas son to John, John son to Valentine, Valentine son to John, 
John son to Henry, Henry son to John, John son to Walter, Walter son to the said 
Richard Caddle, dicto nigro. Upon all which wee conceave that the estate of inhe- 
ritance now held by the said John Blake, alias Caddle, of the premisses, and in his 
possession as aforesaid, was in his said auncestors, whose heire male he is, before his 
Mat™ title accrewed unto the said county of Gallway. And that the said John and 
his said auncestors, whose heire male he is, being of an auncient English blood and sur- 
name, have and doth continue in the said possessions by them held as aforesaid. All 
which wee submitt to your honnour’s further consideracon. Given at his Mat Inns 


the 5th of June, 1640. 
Ru. Botton, Canc. 


GERRARD LOWTHER. 
Exhibitted before us the 6th of September, 1655, upon the speeding of the 
commission, from the Commissioners of adjudication, of claymes and qua- 
lifications of the Irish, sitting at Athloane, in the behalfe of the within- 


named John Blake, of Gallway, Alderman. 
PAUL Don. 


THO. SEMPER. 
CuristT. BLASHFORD. 
The following are some of the ancient documents referred to in the foregoing Pe- 
tition and Report. They extend from A. D. 1315 to A.D. 1553. 


é Carta Thome de Hebrigge, facta Ricardo Cadel. 
“ A.D. 1315. 

“ Sciant presentes et futuri, quod ego Thomas de Hobrigge senior, dedi, concessi, 
et hac presenti carta mea confirmavi Ricardo Cadel dicto Nigro, et Emeline uxori sue, 
totam terram meam cum pertinenciis et edificiis, quam de predicto Ricardo tenui in 
tenementis de Kyltolagh, Kemconwy et Moynedan. Ita plenius sicut dicta terra cum 
pertinenciis fuit michi mensurata, perambulata et divisa per antiquas metas et bundas; 
Tenendum et habendum predictis Ricardo et Emeline, et heredibus predicti Ricardi 

2C2 vel 


196 


vel suis assignatis, de capitalibus Dominis feodi illius: Reddendo inde annuatim pre- 
dicti Ricardus et Emelina, et heredes eyusdem Ricardi vel assignati capitalibus Domini» 
feodi illius, redditus et servicia inde debita et consueta. Et ego Thomas et heredes 
mei vel assignati, predictam terram cum pertinenciis et edificiis, predictis Ricardo et 
Emefine, et heredibus ejusdem Ricardi vel assignatis, contra omnes homines et feminas 
warrantizabimus, acquietabimus et defendemus, imperpetuum. Et ut hee mea do- 
nacio, Concessio et presentis carte mee confirmacio, rata, stabilis et mconcussa semper 
permanent, presentem cartam sigilli mei impressione roboravi. Hiis testibus Stephane 
de Exonia, Willielmo de Bary, Johanne de Exonia, Phillipo filio Simonis de Bremegham, 
Simone filio Walteri, et aliis. Datum apud Dungalvy, die Sabbati proxima post festum 
Sancti Leonardi, Anno Regni Regis Edwardi, tilii Regis Edwardi, nono.” —£7z originali. 

The lands of © Kyltolagh,” mentioned in the foregoing feoffment, are still (1846) 
in the possession of the descendants of the original feoffee. 


* Carta Philippi flit Willielmi Erla, facta Joh. f. Walter: Blak. 
“4. 2). 1391. 


* Seiant presentes et futuri, quod ego Philippus filus Willielmi Erla dedi, con- 
cessi et hac presenti carta mea confirmavi Johanni filio Walteri Blake, onines terres 
meas existentes in forencico de Athnery in tenemento de Clantayg, viz. in Payrkbeig, 
viz. inter terram Thome Temperneys et terram Philippi Albi, ex una parte, et Both- 
ring beyg juxta Sorteormuyk ex parte altera, Clonyntornoyr jacentem inter moram 
fratrum ex una parte, et ampneim ex parte altera, Sunt predicte terre de Payrkbeyg 
et Clonyntornoyr jacentes mensurate, divisate, perambulate per predictas certas metas, 
divisas et bundas : Tenendas et habendas prenominatas terras meas de Paytkbeig et 
Clonyntornoyr, cum omnibus pertinenctis, de me et heredibus meis ct assignatis, pre- 
dieto Johanni et heredibus suis et assignatis, in feodo et hereditate, libere, quiete, 
bene et in pace, sine aligno honore aeculari vel servicio, exactione et demanda. Et ego 
vero predietus Philippus et heredes mei predictas terras de Payrkbeyg et Clonyntornoyr, 
predicto Johanni et heredibus suis et assignatis, contra omnes homines et feminas va- 
rentizabimus, et ubique inperpetuum defendemus. Ut autem hee mea donacio, con- 
cessio et presentis carte mee contirmacio rata sit, stabilis et inconcussa semper perma- 
neat, presentem cartam siyailli met impressione roboravi. His testibus, Johanne Joy 
tune preposito de Athnery, Nicholao O Lachlain tune ballive ejusdem et de Clantayg, 
Clemente Lathreach, Thoma Bonaventer, Edmundo Wythyr, Nicholas Blak, Thoma 
Temperneys Philippo Albo, Johanna Kevll Pypar, Thoma hunt tune servientes de 
Clantayg., Domino Johanne Fwvt capellano Johanne Cletford clerico. et multis aliis 


Datum 


197 


Datum apud Athnery die martis proxima post festum Sancti Patricii episcopi et con- 
fessoris, anno regni Regis Ricardi Secundi quinto decimo.”—Ez originali. 
The feoffee in the foregoing instrument was grandson of Richard Cadel, dicto 
nigro, or the Blak. 
““ Carta Kating Hannyn. 
““ 4. D. 1394. 


“ Sciant presentes et futuri quod ego Kating Hannyn filiam et heredem Johannis 
Hannyn, filii Philippi Hannyn burgensis de Galvy et Coille de Clar, dedi, concessi, et 
hac presenti carta mea confirmavi Johanni Blak filio Walteri blak burgensis de 
Athnery, omnes terras et tenementa, pocessiones, jura et omnia bona immobilia me 
jure hereditario consernencia, vel aliquo alio colore me consernentia, videlicet, in villa 
de Galvi infra muros et extra muros ; ac eciam in villa de Athnery, infra muros et 
extra muros; et eciam in villa Clar, intus et extra, in partibus Connactie, cum om- 
nibus pertinenciis ad predictam hereditatem et terras spectantibus, sicut melius et 
plenius predicte terre et tenementa, pocessiones, jura et hereditas, ac tercia pars mu- 
lieris relicte, jacentes, mensurate, divisate, perambulate per certas metas antiquas et 
bundas: tenendum et habendum predictas terras et tenementa, pocessiones, jura here- 
ditaria, tercia pars relicte cum omnibus pertinenciis ad predicta pertinentibus, de me 
Katilina et heredibus meis et assignatis, predicto Johanni et heredibus suis et assignatis, 
in feodo et hereditate, bene et in pace, cum omnibus libertatibus et liberis consuetu- 
dinibus ad predictas terras et tenementa, pocessiones, jura hereditaria et terciam 
partem relicte, et eorum pertinensiis spectantibus: reddendo inde annuatim ipse 
Johannes et heredes sui et assignati, capitalibus dominis predictarum villatarum red- 
ditus et servitia inde debita et de jure consueta. Et ego vero predicta Kating Hanyn 
heres et heredes mei et mei assignati predictas terras et tenementa, pocessiones, jura 
hereditaria, immobilia ac tercia pars relicte cum omnibus eorum pertinensiis predicto 
Johanni Blak et heredibus suis et suis assignatis contra omnes homines et feminas, ut 
prescriptum est, varentizabimus, acquietabimus et inperpetuum defendemus. Et ut 
hec mea donacio, concessio et presentis carte mea confirmacio rata sit, stabila et in- 
concussa semper permaneat, presentem cartam, et quia sigillum meum plumbeum est 
incognitum, una cum sigillo communitatis ville de Athnery duxi roborandam. Hiis 
testibus, Johanne Blak tunc preposito de Athnery, Nicholao Lachnain tunc ballivo 
dicte ville, Clemente Lachreach, Thoma bonaventer, Davide Wythyr, Nicholao Blak, 
Helia de Athy, Henrico Blak, domino Jacobo decano cathedrali Tuamensis, et multis 
aliis. Datum apud Athnery in festo Sancti Andree apostoli, anno regni regis Ricardi 
secundi decimo octavo.” —Ez Orig. 

See the following testamentary document referred to, p. 194, ante, No. ro. 

“* Inventarium 


198 


‘Inventarium Bonorum et Debitorum Johannis oge Blake, et ejus Testamentum. 
“A.D. 1420. 


‘‘Inventarium bonorum que pre manibus habentur venerabilis viri bone memorie 
Johannis junioris Blake, burgensis ville de Galvy, nuper defuncti, qui erat sana mente 
per xv. dies ante ejus beatam mortem, ex papiro suo integraliter summarie recollegit, 
sibique hic acopiare instanter ut pluribus appareat transcribere requisivit, in vigilia 
nativitatis virginis gloriose, Anno Domini M°CCCC°XX°®, Imprimis, habet xL*ii ers- 
nocas salis, i, pipam cum dimidio pipe mellis, dimidiam pipe ferry, duo dolia vini. 
Item habet ii. loricas ct ii. scapularia ferrea, et duas galeas. Item habet duos ciphos 
urgenteos, quorum unus vocatur grub, quod habet MM“ magrasa many impignoratum 
pro x*. Item habet alium grub impignoratum a fratribus galvye, pertinentem ad 
Stephanum Devellyn, pro x. unxiis. Item habet duas patenas ponderantes xxx". et 
unam magnam patenam que ponderat Ix". Item habet in panno Anglicano unum 
dusselum. Item xii". Cadays. Item i. pissam de lyter, demptis v. faciebus bombycum. 
Item i. cyphum argenteum i. zona argentea. Item vi. coclearia impignorata prov. Item, 
i. dacras choriorum cum dimidio, Item, habet in manu Walteri Blake ii. dussells 
panni Anglicani. Item, habet idem Walterus i". de seryeo. Item, habet cachebum 
eneum. Item, habet vi. scutellas de stanno, ct vi. discus de eodem stanno, et v. vases 
ad salsamentum de stanno, Item, unum salterium et tria candelabra de pras. Item, 
unam ticindem cum veru ferreo cum pertinenciis. Item, unum dolium frumenti ple 
num. Item, in monasterio collis vietorie habet in manu..... vi. mensuras frumenti, 
cum uno vasse continente viii. lagenas. Item, patenas parvas pondcrantes xv". Item, 
habet viii. caballos valentes úil. marcas. 

é“ Inventarium bonorum que sibi debent reddere debitores. Imprimis Memna O 
Gillayn tenetur ad xi. marcas et x]d, et dimidiam ¢jusdem sume pro anima sus eidem 
remisit, solvendo aliam partem. Item, Thomas fuscus maymalayn tenetur vi‘. et ejus 
frater prespiter est fidejussor pro eo. Item, sutor O Kynnedy tenetur adiis. Item, 
mauricius 0 harny tenetur ad ii® et nit. Ftem, Dermicius O Kyrvayn tenetur ad xi. 
marcas et xb. cum iiiú, et soluta sunt de predicta summa v. maree cum dimidio ..... 
interim laboravit idem Dermicius circa domum ipsius usque ad xx. si ipse probaverig 
sie. Item, Thomas Reany tenetur ad i. dacras cum dimidio dacre pro vestibus angli- 
canis, et v. dacras pro vino. Item, Thadeus Ó Mlheyn et Thadeus Olongayn tenentur 
adix. quarteria salis, cum i. dussello vestium et duas partes dolei vini, Summa predic 
tarum est xxvilt. daere cum dimidio 1. dacre, sed solutum est de predicta summa iii dacre 
per thadeum Olongayn. Item, Ohygayn tenetur ad ii. dusselos vestium pro v. marcis, 
cum i, dacra choriorum. Item idem Ohyguyn tenetur ad dimidiam dussen de albo 

veste 


199 


veste anglicano, et ad aliam dimidiam dusseyn rubei coloris, pro v. nobilibus et x14. 
Item, tenetur idem ad vi". cadays valentes vii’. Item, ii. facies bombicum valentes 
viii’. et viii’. tenetur idem. Item, tenetur idem ii. quarteria cum dimidio literis, valentes 
xxii‘. Item, Ohygayn solvit de predictis debitis alternativis temporibus sic xx‘4,; x°., 
Vii. unxias, i. noble, iii. sues valentes 115. et vi?; ii. sues valentes x]d.; i.suemc..... va- 
lentem ii*. i. lactiferam valentem viii’. et iiii. ..... chorias estimatas ad viii. chorias 
butiri Vasconnie mensura, et relinquo sue consciencie quantum valuerunt viii. chorie, 
lill. mensuras de ordei, semyquarterio minus, summa que solvit de predictis iii", xii’. et 
ii¢, Alia vero pars aratro, nondum soluta ab eodem Ohygayn, extendit se ad ilii. marcas 
et xxii‘, et hoc sine computo butiri predicti, quod relinquo usque ad x°. si probabit 
sic. Item, Willielmus Develyn tenetur xiiii. bucellas salis et vi. chorias, et hoc super 
unam ollam quam impignoratam habeo ab ipso. Item, carpentarius O marchayn 
recipit a me xxx‘. et adhuc quantum probaverit usque ad xl‘, habeat. Item, Williel- 
mus boteler tenetur ad ii. dacras choriorum. Item, Dominicus lench tenetur ad ii. 
dacras et vi. chorias, habens pro hiis pignora ipsius, picta zonam argenteam cum cipho 
argenteo. Item, habeo bombycuilum mylery filii Ricardi de burgo impignoratum pro 
vii. et vit. Item, Thomas O Keynhyla tenetur 1. nobilem. Item, Ricardus flavus 
Smyte et filius Smyte tenentur ad viii’. reddit quilibet ipsorum eque ad iiii, Item, 
Odo M° in merulyd tenetur xx‘. Item, Johannes M* Manchyn tenetur ad ii. dacras 
choriorum. Item, Dermicins M° Manchyn tenetur ad viii’. et iiii¢. cum i. dacra chorio- 
rum. Item, Cuchalchayll fynn M* Nelynd tenetur ad viis. et viiid. Item, Ohallurayn 
tenetur ad iiii®. et 11114, pro vino. Item, Walterus de burgo, sue nacionis capitaneus, 
tenetur ad vi. marcas et xl¢.; et m“ mic Rycairyd est proeo. Item, dermicius, Dermicii 
nigri filius, tenetur ad xx’. dempto uno dimidio, et in parte remitto, solvendo aliam 
partem mihi. Item, Thomas m‘ in nelynd tenetur ad iiiiS. Item, Johannes gallda 
tenetur ad ii. dacras choriorum. Item, i. pipam salmonum misi in manibus Johanni 
fwyt ad vendendum. Item, Nicholas Athy tenetur dimidiam pipam ferry. Item, 
M¢hwch de burgo tenetur ad iiii. marcas et xx‘. Item, donatus Ochonayr tenetur 
pro O Dubnayn ad iiii. dacras choriorum. Summa in pecunia xx". cum ix’. et iif, 
Summa in choriis, ii. lastas, c. viii. dacras choriorum. Summa summarum xxxviii". 
cum ix’. et ii’. 

Inventarium debitorum que debet reddere suis creditoribus. Inprimis, tenetur uni 
mercatori, viz. hugoni Wykfor ad xxiii. dacras choriorum, quas indilate mandavit sol- 
vere eidem. Item, tenetur Philipo M°Kynnamuyn 1. nobilem. Item, fratri predicti 
Philippi tenetur ad xvili?, Item, Donalldo hartheach ad xxx‘. Item, Cornelio 
Dyreach tenetur ad iis. Item, Malachie O Marchachayn tenetur ad vs. Item, 
messoribus segetum tenetur ad xxxiid, Item, Thome O Lygy tenetur ad ix’. Item, 

Dermicio 


200 


Dermicio Magro tenetur ad xl§. viii’. Item, famulis vigilantibus circa villam tenetur 
ad iis. Item, ing myechayn tenetur ad ii. mensuras frumenti, et alias i. mensuras 
manseti evene. Item, uxori Johannis Reddemer tenetur ad i. sulcum madri Item, 
fratre ymananayn tenetur ad viii’. et iiiid. Item, Waltero Blake tenctur ix". et iii, 
cum duabus virgis, cum quarterio panni Anglicani. 

Christi nomine Ihu invocato, et cjus auxilio postulato, Ego reverendus ac discre- 
tus vir, Johannes Blake, jacens egrotus, viam universe carnis aripere estimans, testa- 
mentum meum congruo modo condere cupiens, et dicens in forma subsequenti.—In 
nomine sanctissime trinitatis ac individue, unius patris, et filil et spiritus sancti. 
Inprimis, lego anima meam summo creatori sue, qui hominem ad ymaginem et simi- 
litudinem suam fecit et creavit; at lego corpus meum ad sepeliendum in loco pre- 
decessorum meorum, in ecclesia fratrum minoruin ville de Galvy. Item, lego mecum 
ubi requies mea crit et resurrectio, de bonis prescriptis valorem v. marcarum, secun- 
dum communem estimacionem, fratribus predictis. Item, lego pro decimis meis 
oblatis ad tabricam capelle Sancti Nicholay, et ad fabricam capelle Sancte Anne ville 
de Galvy, eque inter easdem dividendo, valorem x. marcarum de bonis predictis, sicut 
executor subscriptus poterit expedire et exigere. Item, lego domino Rectori, et 
domino vicario eyusdem ville, precium v*. Item, lego ad excequias meas precium xis. 
cum i. pipa vini. Item, lego fratribus Galvye xxviii. virgas de lytys. Item, lego 
duobus filiis meis xl. marcas de predictis. Item, fratribus de Clar lego valorem xx‘. 
de predictis; et sic omnibus pauperibus et secularibus subsequentibus, a principio 
usque ad finem testamenti mei, lego communem estimacionem ab executore meo 
recipere et nichil ultra exigere volo ab eodem. Item, fratribus lego de Athne- 
ryg x§. Item, lego fratribus de Kenalheyn i. nobilem. Item, lego fratribus Kill- 
chony i. nobilem. Item, fratmbus de lochryach lego i. nobilem. Item, canonico 
O gilluarayn lego xld. Item, lego ad decenciam ultarizy beati Antonii ii, mareas, 
Item, leo ad fabricam ecclesie parochialis de Athnaryg x* Item, lego fratribus 
de Mylyuch i. nobilem. Item, lego fratribus de lochthra i. nobilem. Item, lego 
fratribus de Phortdompna i. nobilem. Item, lego fratrnbus de Roscomayn i. nobilem. 
Item, fratribus Athlethayn lego i. nobilem. Item, fratribusde Roba lego iL. nobilem. 
Item, lego Margarete Blake ii. marcas. Item, lego Sile Blake i. marcam. Item, lego 
duabus filiabus Blak et Annon ij. marcas. Item, lego Kateline et Aveline Blak ii 
marcas. Item, lego duobus filiis meis u. loricas et scapularia ii, ac ii, galeas. Item, 
lego Willielmo, Walteri Blake filio. ii, marcas. Item, Rieardo flavo, Johannis Blake 
filio, lego iii, marcas. Item, lego Thome Blake ‘ii. marcas. Item, fergallo anchorite 
lego mensuram frumenti, et i. vas butiri. Item, Ane lego ii. mensuras frumenti. Item, 
lego buchuchin Blake x*. Item, filie Mic Richaryd lego vi. marcus de predicta, sicut 


oe 


ceteri 


201 


ceteri habent, estimacione, et equum vel iii. marcas proequo. Item, lego fratri Thome 
Oclumayn ii. nobilia. Item, lego aliis vi. fratribus, viz., Donato O Neyll, Davidi 
OM'chony, Nicholao OKeryn, Donaldo O Mtheach, Odoni O Neyll unicuique istorum 
unum nobilem. Item, lego ad domum pauperum i. mensuram frumenti, aliam pissarum, 
et ii. mensuras evene. Item, lego Ane cece i. nobilem. Item, lego Margarete Sortret 
prectum v‘. de bladiis. Item, lego Margarie Stondun et Katerine socie sue precium v*. 
de bladiis. Item, lego Roys ni Dathuch precium xl‘. de bladiis. Item, Theobaldo Jo- 
hannis filio, et Thome flavo colactaneo meo, lego precium xi. Item, lego alatrici mee 
ili”. evene mensuras. 

Mel. est, quod prefatus Johannes Blak, coram testibus subscriptis, omnia ista legata 
superaddita aliis primis legatis, sana mente, licet eger corpore, personis quoque infra- 
scriptis in hunc modum fecit et legavit dicens. Inprimis, lego Edmundo Kar dimidiam 
dosseli panni, cum ii. quarteriis salis. Item, lego Theobaldo M‘Seayn glays iii. caballos. 
Item, lego Johanni O Lorchayn i. caballum, et ii. mensuras evene. Item, lego Der- 
micio lyncas i. mensuram evene. Item, lego fratri Thome Maglynn ii. buselas salis. 
Item, lego Thome Othyarnayd i. quarteria salis et i. virgam panni cum quarteria. 
Item, lego Willielmo Martyn dimidiam quarteriam salis. Item, CronynO Mulraty i. 
mensuram evene lego. Item, lego henrico bodekyn i. quarteriam salis, cum i. virga et 
dimidia panni. Item, lego pro habitu meo tempore mortis recepto, v. virgas vestium. 

é Data et acta sunt hec Anno Domini mM®.cccc®.xx. In vigilia nativitatis virginis 
gloriose, in loco ffratrum minorum de Galvya, coram hiis discretis ac fide dignis testi- 
bus, viz. henrico Baudekyn, henrico Blake, fratre Thoma O Clumayn ordinis minorum, 
Thoma O floyn, Willielmo Walteri blake filio, Ricardo blake, Thoma claudo, ac plu- 
ribus aliis ad premissa rogatis et requisitis. 

é“ Nos Johannes, Dei et Apostolice sedis gratia, archiepiscopus Tuamensis, istud 
testamentum Johannis blake, coram nobis exhibitum in ccclesia parochiali de galvy, 
cujus inventarium una cum tabula testamentaria legimus, vidimus et diligenter in- 
speximus, in omni sui parte tenore presentium confirmamus, ratificamus et approba- 
mus. Et data est administracio bonorum dicti Johannis defuncti, executori infra 
scripto. Data et acta sunt in ecclesia parochiali predicte ville. 

é“ Hujus autem testamenti mei executorem instituo, ordino, facio atque denuncio, viz. 
Walterum blak Galfridi filium, cujus dispocicioni et ordinacioni omnia supradicta per me 
legata, sicut ipse melius et utilius a prefatis debitoribus exigere poterit, etc.”—Orig. 


“ Taudum Wil. de Burgo sue nacionis capitanei, et aliorum, inter Henricum, 
Willielmum, et Sily Blake. A. D. 1424. 
é Omnibus christi fidelibus has literas visuris vel audituris: Nos Willielmus de 
Burgo meeque nacionis capitaneus et miles, Johannes M‘ Huug dicte nacionis, Williel- 
IRISH ARCH. SOC. IS. 2D mus 


202 


mus de Valle, Edmundus M* Mic Ricard, Johannes filius Mileri magni, Walterus 
M’ Thiboth, Henricus Ruffus de burgo, salutem et subsequentibus fidem indubiam 
alhibere: Noveritis quod pro bono pacis inter ipsos qui se naturaliter, et secundum 
sanguinem invicem attigisse noscuntur, reformande et imposterum fideliter et firmiter 
observande, viz. Henrico Blake filiv Johannis Blake de Athnarydh ex parte une, Wil- 
lielmo Blake ex alia, et Sily Blake ex parte tercia, dictis partibus circa successionem 
hereditariam tocius hereditatis Henrici Blake senioris nuper defuncti, utroque dicente 
se altero de jure potiorem, nimiuin contendentibus seu litigantibus, rogati et requisiti 
per predictas partes, prius se invicem sub pena perjurii manifesti, tactis sacro-sanctis 
Dei ewangeliis, obligantes stare nostris arbitrio, compositione sive ordinacione, et earum 
successores ot heredes, imperpetuum: et cciam quod quisquis ex predictis Henrico ju- 
ier et Willielmo, quovistnodo contraveniret alter alteri ad summam centum librarum 
countituto de contravencione hnjusmodi eo ipso firmiter fuisset obligatus, nostras partes 
Interpostimus, suflicienti caucione fidejussoria et juratoria prius, ut premissum est, ab 
cisdem: recepta, prefatorum Henrici, Willielmi, et Sily qualitatem considerantes, ante- 
dheto Henreo juniori, nostra oppinione et judicio, digniori et magis merito totum 
ud tenementum per longum et latum, cum omnibus suis pertinenciis, in quo predictas 
Henrieus defunctus nuper inhabitabat, heredibus et assignatis suis habendum et tenen- 
duin qanete et pacifice concessimus, composuimus et arbitrati fuimus, et per presentes, 
concedimus, compontinus et arbitramur; et eciam assiznamus dicto quoque Willielmg, 
hheveclibus at assignatis suis, in recompensacionem dicti magni et principalis tenementi, 
TERI CLT! in COMLpOn TUS et ordinamus duo tenementa jacentia inter domum lapideam 
Juhani Blake junioris nuper defuncti ex parte una, et terras Johannis Fyche ex 
purteonttera.  Prefate vero Sily,ad terminuim vite sue, pro sua honesta sustentacione, 
Henan omni dle et singula tenementa, Jacencia inter ten. nuper Dominici Lynche, 
eC tertas Phote Penryse; item, unam gurgitem anguillarum communiter nominatam 
oe Nantinaeh, ita tum: quod post decessum diete Sily, omnia et singula per nos sibi 
wounds tevertanttr equoliter inter predictos Henricum juniorem et Willielmum, he 
teuhea vive assusnates sues, Ttem volumus et ordinamus qui fili dicti Johannis junioris, 
Ot Phone mast: Blake habeant omnia terras, tenementa et gurgites, que predicti Johannes 
ot Ubon clita winerant: possidebant. Item, volumus et ordinamus quod secundum 
asa fatated porcionis sabi assignatam, predicti Henricus, Wilhelmus, et Sily solvent 
svanicob boty dete Henrie: senioris, et icumbencia onera supportabunt. Hee presens 
polutusve tee Gee Cas ast apud Galsinm, deeime die mensis Septembris, sub testimonivo sigil- 
Leste as tinny, Anne Domind M.CCCCX XH anno very regni Regis Henrici sexti post 
cre ghee Cueva Cube aes " Orn. 

Phe tea be uinents which immediately follow, are among the earliest “pecimens 


of 


eu 


203 


of written English found by the Editor in this district. When we call to mind that 
it was only in the fourteenth century the people of England began to speak in a lan- 
guage which may be called English, though even that cannot now be understood without 
the help of a glossary (see Henry’s Hist., Part V. p. 498) and that Chaucer, who died 
A. D. 1400, is unintelligible without similar aid, it must be confessed that the 
‘‘comen Englishe tong” is of respectable antiquity in the west of Ireland. 


“ Dede of delyveraunc of vi. marc x‘. to Sandere lynche & al. 
“A.D. 1430. 

“ Knowynge be thus to alle men yn time to comyng that y henry Blake and Walter 
Blake custumers of pé Kyng & John Rede countroller of p* porte of pé Galvy & of 
Slego haye ymade delyveraunce to Saunder lynche et Davy Botyller vi. marc x:. pe 
wych p° for sayde Saunder lynche & Davy Botyller was owing of a tayll of xx. marc to 
M° Wylliam pt now ys and of pe wiche some above ysayde we knowlich Saunder 
lynche & Davy Botyller full payde & pe for sayde henry Blake Walter Blake & John 
Rede pere of quyte. In pe wyttenys her of Soverayne and portreve of pe Galvy & many 
mo. And her to pe for sayde Saunder and Davy have put to har seals. Iwrote at pe 
Galvy pe xx". day of August. The zere regnyng of Kyng henry pe VI. after pe conquest 
pe viii. ser.— Orig. 


“ Betwyxt Wil Blake f. Gefferey and hary Blake fz John for the devittion of all ther lands. 
“A.D. 1445. 


“é To alle trew Cristen peple that pis present writyng schulle se or hire that for as 
moche as certeyn discordis strifes and debatis have been now late Imevid and Thad bi- 
tweene William Blake fe Geffrey burgeys of the towne of Galvy of pat one party and 
harry Blake fe John Blake of Athenry and John his sone of pat other party as for cer- 
tayn londis and tenementis with hare aportenaunce in Galvy and in the subarbis of pe 
seide towne nevertheles pe seide William Blake harry Blake and John his sone of 
pe seide discordis stryves and debatis bi mediacion of hare frendis goyng by twene in 
eschewyng of grevows costagis and hurt of bope parties compromitted ham to stonde 
to pe dome and Iugement of Willug Burke Justice and Sheref of Conoght lorde of 
Glanricard and maister Iohn fferere generall of pe frere prechours under the forme as 
hit schewith here after write which pat is regestred in pe comyn paper of pe towne 
of Galvy in these wordis etc. 

é“ Med that pe ili’. day of Octobr the zere of Kyng harry the vi*". after pe conquest 
of Englond the xxiii". William Blake fe Geffrey of pat one party and his heiris and 

2D2 assignys 


204 


assignys and harry Blake fe John Blake and John his sone and hare heyris and hare 
assignys of that oper party havyth ensured ham a fore Willug Burke lorde of Glanri- 
card Walter ffrensche soverayn of pe Gulvy maister John fferere Generalle of the 
frere precheres and all the comborgeys of fe towne of pe Galvy under hare othis of 
the masse boke and the holy crosse and the foresaide lorde borow the maister and all 
the comburgeys pat pey both foresaide parties schalle stonde ferme and stable for now 
and evermore of alle hare contraversy abowt the londe and pe anheritaunce pat was 
sum tyme harry Blake pe elders with Inne and with owt the towne of Galvy to pe 
dome of the forescide Willug Burke and maister John fferere Generalle of pe order 
with owt frawde or gile or after clappis of sotilte by eny of the foreseide parties above 
saide etc and pat pis is sothe and in witnesse of trowthe Nicholas Skyret sovereyn of 
the Galvy Walter Ffrensche Saundye lynche harry lynche William lynche Stephen 
lynche Robert lynche and Walter Athy to this present wrytyng have put to hare 
selys. Iwrite at Galvy the last day of Septembre in pe yere of pe regnyng of Kyng 
harry pe vi. pe xxiili".”—Orig. 


+ Arhitryment tater William fy Geffray et Johan fy Henry Blake. 
4.4). La. 

“To all cristen pepill that this present endentours partys shall hire or se bet y 
cnow that pe x day of pe munth of novembre 5ere of oure lord Kyng henry pe vi 
aftir pe conquest Xxiill' William fy Geffray Blake yn pat onn parti his heris & his 
assignys & Johan fy henry Blake his heris & his assignys yn pat opir parti cumpro- 
mitid aboute all pe londe and parte pat Henry fy Johan Blake hilde & had yn his 
oune possession yn pe towne of Galvy witin & witout undir pe othe of pe masboke & 
pe holy crosse & ynto Willok Borke lord of Clan rycarde, Rycard Borke fy William 
maister John fyrere Saundre Lynche William Lynche Water Blake & Thomas 
Lynehe & undir pe suirte of pe same wit pe soverayn & portrif & his comburgens of 
Galvy to stande now & ever to harre acorde & arbitryment aftir pe forme & pe poynts 
pat heratter folayt undir pe payn of an hundird pounte bornys Edmunde Athye & 
Thomas Lynche for William fy Geffray Blake William Lynche & Robert Lynche 
for Juhan ty Henry Blake In primis pat Johan fy henr Blake shall have pe tene 
ment pat suintyme wassh Masstir henr Blake pe yldir sumtime burges of Galvy wit 
all hes opurtnans fram pe plase of Nicholas Skyret unto pe plase pat Denys rono 
sumtyme dvellid yn & so tro pe hye strete unto pe toune walle wit an cle vere me- 
callet Correealle & a parcel of londe mecallit Gortledrine pat his fadir hadde Item of 

al 


205 


al pe lande witout pe Creggis of old henrys pat William abouseid to have pe toparte 
& Johan aforseid to have pe third parte Item of all pe londis of olde henrys in pe 
cuntre pat William do have halfe & Johan pe topir halfe Item pat William Blake 
to have all pe londis & tenementes wityn pe Galvy & witoute pat wassh yn henr fy 
Johan his possession excep abouseid In pe witnyes of pis endentours we partys 
aforseid hath putte to our selis wit pe selis of Willok abouseid lorde Ricard Borke 
Maister Johan Fyrer Saundr Lynche Water Blake and Thomas Lynche wit pe 
selis of pe borovys Edmunde Athy & Robert Lynche Dat apud Galvy die et anno 
supradictis & as mor credens pe comyn selis ys y put hirto of Galvy.”—Orig. 


s Mayst Manes M‘Donkyth ys dede. 
“A.D. 1449. 


é Be hit knowyng to all maner men fat [is present endentur seyth or hyreth pat y 
mayster manes M*Donkyth zevyth my full power & my patent to M° William of Clan- 
rycard of pe xl marc pat my lyge lord Kyng hath yeve to me of pe Cokket of Galvey 
& of Sligo as frely as y had hit on pis condyssioun pat y or myn attorney schall have 
every zere of pe forseyd M° William or his attorneys what profet comyth of pe cokket 
bi ahalfe atGalvey & halfe at Sligo y to pay pe fyses of pe vi li as hit comyth to and 
in record pat pis trew y pe forseyd maister manes to pis present endentur put to 
my sele Iwrite at Galvey pe xxvi day of March in fe zer of owr lord m'cccc°® et 
xlix zer.”— Orig. 

‘* Testamentum Johannis f. Hen. Blak. 
“ A.D. 1468. 
é Thus. 

“In nomine sancte et individue trinitatis, scilicet, patris, et fillua et spiritus 
sancti, anno verbi incarnati M. CCCC°LXVIII., in crastino Sancti Patricii et confessoris 
nocte diei dominice, ego Johannes filius Henrici Blake burgensis ville de Galvy, com- 
pos mentis mee, licet eger corpore, condo testamentum meum in hunc modum. Im- 
primis do, lego, et commendo animam meam omnipotenti DEo eterno, invisibili 
incommutabili, qui totus ubique est, totus ubique presens, non per partes divisus, 
sed totus in omnibus, non localiter sed potentialiter, qui sine commutacione sui 
mutabilia curavit et curata gubernat: et Marie virgini et matri, beato Micheeli 
archangelo, mire virtutis nuncio, paradisi preposito, cui ab altissimo receptio et custo- 
dia animarum sanctarum extitet deputata. Et similiter do et lego animam meam 
tocius curie celestis agminibus, necnon martiribus, confessoribus atque virginibus: 


et credo in fidem universalis et Catholice ecclesie, s. in sanctam trinitatem, id est 
patrem 


206 


patrem et filium ct spiritum sanctum, unum [cum omnipotentem, unius substancie, 
unius egsencie, unius potestatis, creatorem omnium creaturarum, a quo omnia, per 
quem omnia, in quo omnia. Credo patrem a se non ab alio, filium a patre genitum, 
Deum verum de Deo vero, spiritum Sanctum a patre et filio equaliter procedentem, 
consubstancialem coeternum patri et filio, Credo eundem filium Dei, verbum Dei, et 
naturaliter natum de patre, et consubstancialem patri per entiam, temporaliter 
natuin de spiritu sancto ct Maria semper virginc, duas habentem nativitates, unam 
ex patre, ecternam, ct aliam ex matre, temporalem ; qua eciam filius Dei sue carnis 
concepcione conceptus est, et sue carnis nativitate natus est. Deum verum confiteor 
conceptum, eundem verum Deum, et verum hominem Jesum Christum, unum filium 
Dei unigeniti, proprium, perfectum in duabus naturis, in unius persone singularitate, 
impassibilem et passibilem, mortalem atque immortalem, crucifixum in infirmitate 
nostra, cundemque semper viventem in virtute sua, qui mortuus est, carnis sue 
morte, et sepultus, atque ab infvris, dampnato et spoliato principe tocius iniquitatis, 
rediens, tercia die resurrexit. Item lego corpus meum sepeliendum in monasterio 
fratrum minorum ville de Galvy, in sepultura fratrum meorum, nacionis Blak, sub 
proteccione Sancti Francisci, et suffragio sui ordinis. 


** Debita in quibus obligor. 


‘ Inprimis, lego et relinquo Petro Lynche, genero meo, 1x. marcas quas ei dudum 
teneor solvere, pro dote Avelyne Blak filie mee carnalis, ita quod earundem |x. mar- 
carum svlucio fuerit facta secundum formam contractus inter nos initi, de hujusmodi 
solucione tienda, Et ipse Petrus tenetur ad solvendam dimediam partem expensarum 
que erunt necessarie pro obtinenda dispensacione ad purgandum vicium, et delendum 
impedimentum incestus, vigentis inter ipsum et prefutam fillam meam. Item, lego 
Martino lynche pro debitis suis, vi’. lyneos quos sibi reddere teneor. Item, lego 
supradicto petro lynche iii'. lineos et xld. in quibus sibi obligor. Item, lego Johanni 
sone [yong] de bristollia xx. in quibus obligor cidem, et plus si probaverit me teni. 
Item, lego Cristiane Weltoffer sua debita secundum quod suum obligatorium cavit. 
Item, lego Johanni Byssum mercatori de britania unam lastam coriorum, et v. dakras 
in quibus sibi obligor, causa mercancie. — Item, lego Lyswarthe fernandus unam 
lastam coriorum cum dimedia laste, in quibus cidem tencor. Item, teneor eidem 
Lyswarte ad unum hogeshed mellis, et ipse mihi tenetur ad xiiii..... .. mellis. 


" Hee sunt debita que mihi a diversia dehitorihua debentur. 


" Inprimis, supradictus Johannes byssum mihi obligatur ad valurem xii, dekraram 
eoriorum, de ere, ct ad valurem iiii?’, dekrarum curivrum, de frumento. Item, 


Stephanus 


207 


Stephanaus Brun mihi tenetur ad vi. dekras coriorum, liberorum ad burdam navis in 
portu de Galvy. Item, predictus Lyswarte mihi obligatur ad i°. lineum, et ad xl. 
Item, Johannes Ffrench mihi obligatur i. cum dimidio. Item, Collas de bristollia 
mihi obligatur in duobus dacris coriorum, quas dedi sibi pro parte Nicolai Ffrenche; 
et ipse Nicholaus easdem de suis, me ignorante, persolvit eidem. Item, Karolus 
O Doelleayn mihi obligatur in una lasta, vii. dacras et vii. coria. Item, Gillacriste 
McKenny et suus filius mihi obligantur insolidum in duabus lastis et v. coriis et un‘ 
lineis. Item, dictus mihi obligatur per se in dimedia lasta coriorum. Item, Donatus 
O Grane mihi obligatur in una lasta cum dimedia. Item, Dermicius O Colgon tene- 
tur mihi in duabus lastis coriorum. Item, Moehony M‘fflaherty ytheressay mihi 
obligatur in xii. dekris et ix. coriis. Item, Cornalius Megreyn mihi tenetur in dime- 
dia lasta et vi. coriis. Item, Willielmas M‘Kenry mihi obligatur in xv. dekris corio- 
rum et vi. coriis. Item, Donatus M°Greyn tenetur mihi in dimedia lasta coriorum et 
vi. coriis. Item, Maurus M‘’agearlary tenetur mihi in xiiii. dekris et vi.coriis. Item, 
Donatus O Mulluyn tenetur mihi in duabus dekris et iiii. coriis. Item, Morina inge 
M' Kearhy mihi tenetur in xx®. et duodecim coriis. Item, Maurus O Mulmalia tene- 
tur mihi in v. dekris et ix. coriis. Item, Johannes O Hannyn tenetur mihi in iiii. 
dekris et uno corio. Item, Cornelius O Hannyn tenetur in ix. dekris et corio uno. 
Item, Cornelius O Marcuayn tenetur mihi in quinque marcis. Item, Willielmus 
O Korbayn tenetur mihi in tribus dekris et duobus coriis. Item cantor mihi obliga- 
tur in xx*. Item, O Lorkayn in iii®. Item, Johannes M° eagayn in duobus nobilibus. 
Item, Hobertus Macicknuk mihi obligatur in tribus libris et x*. Item, Johannes de 
Burgo rector de Athnary tenetur mihi in x5. Item, Uluk filius Ristardi M* tomas 
mihi obligatur in vi’. et viiid. Item, Valterus flavus filius hoberti, vi*. et vii’. Item, 
Edmundus Mac icknuk, vii. x4. Item, Odo O Lensgy, M' tabullas doliorum cum 
dimedia. Item, Cormacus O Mochayn, xx‘. demptis viiid,, et si solvit unam marcam 
sum contentus. 
“ Largicio elemosinarum mearum. 


‘‘Imprimis, lego et imperpetuum concedo super hereditate in villa de Galvy, inclu- 
sive me spectante, dimediam marcain sacerdoti cotidie missas celebranti super altare 
Sancti Patricii in ecclesia ville Galvy existente, pro anima mea, et anima mee uXoris, 
et parentum meorum. Item, lego eidem ecclesie in recompensacionem mearum deci- 
marum, iii. marcas. Item, lego monasterio fratrim de Galvy iiii. marcas. Item, lego 
monasterio fratrum predicatorum ville de Athnary iii. marcas, et ecclesie parochialis 
ipsius ville de Athnary fabrice, unam marcam, prout Stephanus Brun in melius vide- 
bit expendere. Item, lego monasterio de Lochrech, dimediam marcam. Item, lego 


monasterio de Portdomna xl*. Item, lego monasterio de Myluk dimediam marcam. 
Item, 


208 


Item, lego monasterio de Kylconyll xl‘. Item, lego monasterio de Kennaleyn sia. 
Item, lego monasterio de Athluayn xld, Item, lego monastcrio de Moeyn xi*,. Item, 
lego monasterio de Rosrella xld. Item, lego ceteris piis locis elemosinam pro anims 
mea, secundum consideracionem infrascripturum executorum meorum, prout in melius 
eis videbitur distribucre. Item, lego pissam et zonam meam meliorem altari nacivnis 
mee, quod est in monasterio fratrum predicatorum ville de Galvy, cum signeto mev 
aureo, ad aliquod opus juxta disposicionem Jvhannis filii Willielmi Blak. 


“ Bona que possideo. 


** Item, viii. dolia vini sive ylage. Item, alia iii. dolia, viz., duo de Osse et unum de 
Bastarde. Item, duo lasta coriorum cum dimedia, Item, xL marcas in pecunia. Item, 
quinque pissa argentea. Item, unam nucem argenteam. Item, xiii. cokliaria argentes 
Item, duas zonas argenteas. 

“Item lego Vadyn Blak omnes terras, tenementa ac redditus, viz. filio meo legit- 
time, que jure progenitorum habeo in villa de Galvy et de Athnary, intus et extra 
predictas villas, necnon in aliis locis Conacie ; et instituo ipsam Vadyn in hiis omni- 
bus in meum heredem. Item, do et lego eidem Vadyn, filio et heredi meo, caldariam 
Ineum, et iii. magnas ollas, et iii. parvas ollas. Item, lezo eidem patenam eneam, ita 
quod) Juliana uxor mea habebit terciam partem ipsorum vassorum ad dics suas, et 
usm omnium predietorum similiter habebit, donec ipse Vadyn meruerit ea habere, 
sustinendo onera incumbencie efrectualiter, Ttem terciam partem ipsorum vassorum 
arzenteum eidem Juliane ad dies suos lego, Item, lego ipsi Vadyn loricam cum sea- 
bulare, Item, do et lego filio meo, viz, Willielmo, tenementum quod jacet inter 
tenementum Johannis Blak filii supradicti Willielmi. ex una parte, ct. tenementum 
Johanne Panrys ex altera parte. lem remitto germanis meis omnes expensas quas 
fect pro recuperandis terris ipserum, diversis creditoribus titulo pignoris ubligatis, in 
terris de Athnary existentibus, que eis debentur ordinacione patris nostri; ita tum 
quod terre impiznorate per Ipsum patrem penes heredem mewn remancbunt, donec 
recuparabit pecuniam quam pro earn sulucione solvebam. Item, lero hereditatem 
meam in prefatis villis, et in francheis carundem et alibi existentem, tain in tenemen- 
tis quam in terris arrabilibus, tam in pasturis, in montanis, et planis, quam in virgul- 
tis et redditibus, cisdem vermanis meis, si, quod absit, ipse tilius meus ct heres obierit, 
sine herede maseulo de suo corpere legittime procreaty : ita quod Ipsi postquam 
adepti erunt candem hereditatem, ob causam predictam, solvant Ix. marcas pro ipes 
hereditate, viz. XJ. mareas de his duabus tillabus mets, vi Anurine et Eveline 
Blak, et xx. marcas monasterio ct ecclesic ville Galvye, supradictis, per equalem divi- 
siunem. Et si ipsi obierunt sine heredibus de eorum corporibus, viz., masculis, legit- 


209 


time procreatis, eandem hereditatem filiis Willielmi Blak do et lego. Item lego 
predicte filie mee, vidz. Anorine unum dolium vini. Item, lego germane mee Johanne 
Blak unam pipam vini. Item, lego Stephano Broun usum et habitacionem celarii ex 
opposito castri mei existentis in villa de Athnary, quod vocatur bowtha, ita quod 
ipsum habebit sine contradiccione et molestacione aliqua, durante vita sua ; et hoc 
sibi varentizo. Item, domino Donato archiepiscopo Tuamensi togam meam meliorem 
lego. Item, lego Odoni O’Tyarna vicario de Galvy togam meam secundam meliorem. 
Item, Odoni O’Molilayn discipulo meo, alteram togam cum dubelet, et calciamentis 
viridis coloris. Item, lego Johanni Rys, presbitero, caputium meum et dubelet, et 
calciamenta greciei coloris. Item, lego cuilibet sacerdoti ecclesie parochialis ipsius 
ville de Galvy xii‘. Item, unicuique fratrum de conventu supradicti monasterii de 
Galvy, promoto in sacerdocio, iiii4. Item, clamidem meam fratri Malachio O’Dubayn. 
Item, lego duobus alumpnis meis duas loricas, cum duobus scabularibus. 

‘Item, lego et imperpetuum relinquo usum, habitacionem et conduccionem ter- 
rarum mearum nuncupatarum Clogreayn, existencium in terris de Athnary, in longum 
et latum prout se extendit inter suos certos et antiquos confines, comunitati vici de 
Lathregh in Athnary, in feno et pastura quamdiu potuerunt et voluerunt redditus 
heredibus et assignatis meis solvere, et supportare arratura,...... tamen excepta, 
quam heredi meo reservo, pro cujus arratura eidem comunitati xx‘. in antea remissi, 
quas quidem usum, habitacionem et conduccionem a me meis heredibus et assignatis, 
modo et forma predictis, eidem comunitati imperpetuum varentizo, ita tum quod nec 
heredes mei nec assignati easdem terras aliquibus nobilibus nec ignobilibus circum- 
jacencium terrarum unde prejudicium eidem comunitati gravaretur, vendire, alienare, 
impignorare nec locare possunt ; set ipsa communitas in hiis omnibus pre ceteris aliis 
prefertur. Item, volo et concedo quod fiat justicia inter dictum meum filium et here- 
dem ex una parte, et filios Willielmi yLachnayn de Athnary, de et super terris super 
quibus lis movetur inter me et ipsos, quarum vero judicii diffinicioni relinquo fieri 
judicialiter per dominum Donatum, Dei gratia archiepiscopum Tuamensem, et per alios 
quos sibi ad ipsum judicium faciendum eligerit et assumpsit. Super omnia et singula 
preinactitata, scripta, legata, relicta et disposita, rite et recte peragenda, ego Johannes, 
testator memoratus, Johannem filium Willielmi Blak, et Nicholaum Ffrench in meos 
veros et indubitatos executores constituo, ordino, pariter et deputo. Verum improvi- 
sores omnium et singulorum meorum bonorum, meique heredis et uxoris, in hoc tes- 
tamento instituo, eligo, viz. Petrum lynche et robertum Ffrenche, et assumo. In 
manus Dei omnipotentis vivi, et incommutabilis altissimi, apud quem vivunt spiritus 
mortuorum, et manent electorum anime, reposito carnis onere, plena felicitate letantur, 
commendo animam meam, Amen. Hoc testamentum est conditum Anno et die supra- 

IRISH ARCH. 80C. NO. IS. 2H dictis 


- ma 


ee sm —— — 


210 


dictis, Testibus protunc presentilus, Williclmo filio Alexandri Lynche tunc superiore 
ipsius ville de Galvy, Nicholao Ffrenche, Johanne filio Williclmi Blak dictis executo- 
ribus, Petro lynch, Roberto Ffrenche, memoratis provisoribus, Domino Odone O tyarny 
vicario dicte ville, magistro Valtero Lang notario, et Duminice filio Roberti lynche, et 
multis aliis.”—Orig. 

The foregoing * last will,” and that of A. 1D. 1420, [see p. 198] are the most ca- 
rious and perfect specimens of ancient testamentary disposition which the Editor has 
here met with. The pious exordium and conclusiun of the latter are worthy the 
attention of the reader, Both instruments shew the wealth and munificence of the 
opulent burghers by whom they were made. They also point out the nature, and, in 
sume degree, the extent of the commerce carried on at that period in this western part 
of Ireland. This class of documents may, moreover, be considered useful as affording ss- 
tistactury evidence of the manners and custums of the times to which they relate, and they 
therefore become valuable tur historical purposes. Thus, we read in the foregoing will 
of A.D. 1420, that the testator, who appears to have died in the habit of St. Francis, 
bequeathed for post mortem ceremonies 408. and a pipe of wine; which, it must be con- 
fessed, was a liberal allowance to keep up the “ merriment ofan Irish wake.” This serves 
tu prove the long standing ofa custom which still prevails but too much in Ireland. The 
Editor has seen a * will” made within the last forty years, wherein the testator, a Con. 
naught gentleman, ordered that, after his death, he should be “waked” by his tenants, 
for three successive nights, in a large out-house or barn; that a hogshead of whiskey 
should be supplied cach night; and that he should himself be placed in a sitting pos- 
ture, with a bottle and glass before him, as if enjoying the festivity of the scene. This 
“old custom,” which General Vallancey learnedly tells us the Irish derived from the 
Arabians, is now happily disappearing. 


** Sententia lata inter Ric. et Nico, Blake, et stirpem Walteri Thome de Kyltulag-mer. 


“ALD. 1543. 

“Tn Der nomine Amen. Nos Dominus Willielmus De Burgo miles, Ricardioram 
dominus, ac Regis excelleneie in Conacia capitaneus, Reverendissimi domini, Christo- 
pherus divina gratia Tuamensis archiepiseopus, ac Rolandus eadem Clonfertensis 
episcopus, necnon et Boecius Mo Reagayn arbiter secularis, Judices seu arbitri decti 
sub intercessione et....... pena ducentarum vaccarum, de stando judicio et laudo 
Nostry in causa mota super duabns quarteriis De Kyltulag-mor, inter honorabiles viros 
Richardum et Nicholaum Blake parte ex una, actores et generosos omnes et singulos 
de stirpe Walteri Thome de Silina Dorsi rubei ex altcra, ut premissum est, inve- 
mimus suflicienter probatuin, tam per instrumenta autentica, quam ex deposessione 

approborum 


211 


approborum et anticorum, atque ex solucione annualis pensionis, quod ille due quar- 
terie de Kyltulagh-mor, jure hereditario spectant ad prefatos Ricardum et Nicholaum 
Blake. Quare antefato nomine invocato, non declinantes ad dextram neque ad senex- 
tram, sed Deum semper pre oculis habentes, easdem duas quarterias de Kyltulag-mor 
cum omnibus cummoditatibus et communibus, eisdem Richardo et Nicholao Blake, 
per hoc nostrum laudum sive sententiam, adjudicamus, imponentes omnibus et singu- 
lis de eadem stirpe Walteri Thome, perpetuum silencium, ut de cetero non inquieta- 
bunt nec perturbaberunt prefatos Richardum et Nicholaum, nec suos firmarios, 
subditos seu familiares, habitantes in eisdem duabus quarteriis de Kyltulag-mor. Et 
si qui vel quis de eadem stirpe Walteri Thome, contrarium facere presumpserint aut 
presumpserit, quod protunc ceteri alii et qualibet pro se de eadem stirpe Walter 
Thome teneantur et tenetur eisdem Ricardo et Nicholao blake emendationem condig- 
nam facere, ac etiam solvere penam ducentarum vaccarum prescriptarum, eodem laudo 
nostro declaramus: reservata nobis potestate absolvendi vel condempnandi eosdem de 
stirpe Walteri Thome, in illis centum sextagenta quenque marchis in quibus cessarunt, 
in solucione debite pensionis tempore ferme, eaque finita secundum asseveracionem 
predictorum Ricardi et Nicholai. Actum, gestum, latum, et declaratum in Senobio 
Sancti Francisci ville Galvie, tercio die mensis Apprilis An° Domini M.ccccc.xLIII et 
regni invictissimi Henrice octavi, Regis Anglie Francie et Hibernie, fideique defen- 
soris, ac sub Cristo supremi capitis ecclesie Anglicane et Hibernicane, An” tricessimo 
quarto. Hiis testibus presentibus, viz. nobili viro Donaldo O’Flaharty—Jacobo Skeret, 
Johanne frenche, Thoma lynche burgens. ejusdem ville, ac dominis Abbate O Cor- 
mockayn et Davide Juveni custode dicti Senobii, Jonote M* Thomas ac Thoma O 
Gyllorayn, cum pluribus aliis clericis et laycis. In fidem vero et testimonium omnium 
premissorum sigilla et signa nostra presentibus apposuimus. 
W.B. “ CHRISTOPHORU8 TUAMEN. ROLANDUS mire baersclach mac 
“ M propria. CLONFERTEN. vomnaill camaoc., 
Manu pro. ler in bpeic peo tuar 
mop ca Fí penibea.” 





“ The Order taken betywxt Joh. Wak Wileg & y* Blaks by y* lord Chaunseler. 
“A, D. 1553. 

Memorand. that whereas Johnn M‘Welycke complayned be for the Right honor- 
able S” Thomas Cusake kinght, the kinges Majestes Lord Chaunceller of Irelande, 
againste Richarde Blake and Nichas Blake of Galwy, for to have recompence of suche 
buldinges and charges as his auncetores was at, for the buldinge of the castell of 
Kyltullaghmore in the counte of Connaght, supposinge the same to be ther inheri- 

2 Ea taunce 


212 


taunce. Whereas trouthe they had nothinge therein But for the terme of foure score 
yeres, yeldinge ther for yerlic xxvi*. vir‘, sterlinge as by a deade thereof shoued forthe 
by the said Richarde and Nichas made by the auncetors of the said Richard and Nichas 
unto the grauntfuther of the said John more playnier did appere: Yet for as myche as 
the said parties of ther own free willis submytted them selvys to the order arbytter- 
ment and judgment of the said Lorde Chauncellor whiche toke the charge thereof 
upon hym. Ffyrste did adwarde that the said parties sholde performe all former arbit- 
termentes and judgementes yevine betwixt the said parties for and concerninge the 
premisses, And alsoe consideringe the powertie of the said John, and that the said 
Richarde and Nichas shall take the comodyte of the said buldinge done uppon ther 
inheritaunce, ther for the said Lorde Chaunceller doo adwarde and judge that the said 
Richard and Nichas shall paye yerlye unto the said John and his assignes duerynge his 
naturall lyfe and no furdher, .... shillinges foure pence sterlinge abowe the thre shil- 
linges fuure pence affor adwarded, Whiche som amountithe to sixe shillinges eight pence 
sterlinge yerlye: And alsoe shall yelde and paye fyve markes sterling unto the said 
John, be for this unto hyme adwarded, unles the said Richarde and Nichas do prowe 
the said sum to be satisfied unto the said John. The hiring thereof by the said L. 
Channcllor ys appoyntede to the Archebusshoppe of Thombe and to the maior of 
Galwy. And if it appere unto them that the said fyve markes or any parte therof to 
be dwe, then the said Richard and Nichas to paye the same within thre monithes after. 
ffurder the said L. Channcllor doo adward, Judge and decre, then when soe ever the 
saide John be lufully required by the said Richard or Nichas ther heyres or assignes, 
shall release to them ther heyres and assignes all the right, title, intreste, possession 
and demand that he hathe, or of right he oght to have, in or uppon the said towne 
lordshippe and inheritaunce of Kyltullaghmore, for ever.—In Wittnes whereof, the 
said L. Chauncller unto this presents hath subscribed his name. Yevyne at Galvy, the 
vii, of Apriell Ao. r. r. Edwardi sexti septimo. 


“ THomas CusaKE Cancel 
* BR. CLANBYCARD. 

** CRISTOPHER. TUAMEN, 

“ RonERT DYLLoxN, Attorn 
" ROoLANDUs CLONFERTEX.” 


The following fragment is all that now remains of the “ Pettegree,” which accom- 
panied the petition of John Blake to the commissioners of the Plantation, in A. D. 1640 
(see ante, p. 102). The commencement, which connected some of the early branches 
with the main stock, is lost. 


John 


213 


+ . * * . * + + . * 
| 
John®. Nicholas. Thomas. Walter. Richard. 
Valentyn. William. Jo Jo 


| | 
John. Valentyn. Thomas. William. 


Nicholas. Walter. 

| — 
John. Sir Valentyneb, James. Richard. 

| | T - 
Nicholas. Sir Thomas, Ffrancis. Geffrey. Jo Anthony. Dominick. 





now 
living. 










| | 
John®. Martine. James. Nicholas. Sir Valentyne, Walter. 
now living. 
| | 
Geffrey.¢ Walter. Ander Peetter. 
Riclard The said Andrew had three sons, William, now living, descended of the 


first; Henry Fitz-P., now living, descended of the second; and 
Marcus* and Sir Richard‘ now living, descended of the third. 








John. Martine. Thomas, oute of 
| matrimony. 
Andrew. 
Anthony. 
— 
Arthur. Walter. 
| Henry. Nicholas, married to Julian, 
I now living. 
Walter, Richard. Jo Julian, married to Nicholas, 
now living. now living. 
3 The testator of A. D. 1468. See p. 205. 4 This Geffrey was cotemporaneous with John, the 
b The first baronet of the Menlo branch. grandson of John the testator of A. D. 1468. 


e The petitioner of A. D. 1640, whose descendant e Ancestor of Maurice Blake, Esq., of Balinafad, 
and heir male in the sixth generation, Henry Blake, —in the county of Mayo. 
Eag. of Rinvile, in the barony of Balinahinch and f Ancestor of the Rt. Hon. Lord Baron Wallscourt. 
county of Galway, is supposed to be the present head 


of the name. 
NOTE 


214 


NOTE K. See page 34. ‘College of Galway.” 


The Regal Visitation of A. D. 1615, gives the following account of this foundation: 

“(Juan primum venimus ad Galiciam, Templum ingressi, majorem et Aldermanos 
illius civitatis convocavimus, et quesivimus quomodo cultus divinus in eadem Ecclesis 
celebratur. Presentabant illi coram nobis duos ministros, quorum alter noviter, paulo 
ante adventum nostrum, promotus et electus fuit Guardianus Collegii ibidem, homo 
lesie fame, et vix probate vite. Alter, minister vagus, undiquaquam cursitans, et 
alias in diversis diocesibus beneficiatus. Tloc responsum valde displicuit nubis, nam 
Justam prebuit occasionem nobis suspicandi, quod in eadem civitate vixissent, pro ma- 
jori parte, sine servitio divino, et pene absque Deo in terris. Cujus defectus rationem 
ulterius indagantes, invenimus in cemiterio ejusdem ecclesie, extructum fuisse ab an- 
tiquo, Collegium pro uno Gardiano et octo vicariis choralibus, ad serviendum et 
celebrandum divinum cultum in illa ecclesia, primo fundatum per Papam ducentis 
abhinc annis; cxtunc restauratum per Edwardum sextum et Reginam Elizabetham ad 
usum precedentem. Intelleximus etiam quod annuus valor beneficiorum spectantiam 
ad idem cullegium extendit se ad octoginta libras, quolibet anno, sed quod qui fueruat 
nuper Gardiani in illo collegio minus juste authoritatem sibi usurpassent sub debito 
et justo valore dimittendi fructus et enolumenta dicti collegii. Nominatim vero denota- 
verunt nobis Rolandum nunc cpiscopum Clonfertensem et Duacensem, et Abelem Walsh 
nuper Gardianos, nimis providus dimisisse proventus Collegil, a valore octoginta libra- 
rum ad valorem quadraginta librarum reduxisse. Unde nos diligentius literas funda- 
tionis illius collegii considerantes, et tenorem literarum patentium, invenimus istas 
iniqguas dimissiones omnino injuste fuisse factas; et quod Gardianus dicti Collegii 
electus tantumodo ab anno in annum nun potuit pro tempore longiori dimittere. Et quis 
speciatim per dictas literas patentes providetur, quod Gardiuni et vicarii singulis annis 
tenentur reddere computum majori et Ballivis illius civitatis, de dimissione fructuam 
collegu, atque sine vorum consensu et speciali confirmatione nihil potuerunt facere vel 
dimittere quod ad damnum illius collegii redunduret; harum verum debita considera- 
tione inducti, primo sequestravimus omnes fructus ct emolumenta inducti collegii in 
manus trium civium illius civitatis satis divitum et bone fame et estimationis qui 
libentur hujus negotii curam in se susceperunt; quos ego Cancellarius per strictam re 
cognitionem dumino Regi obligavi, ut fidelem computum et exactum, annuatim fructuam 
et proventionum illius collegii redderent majori et vicecomitibus dicte civitatis, serio 
dedimus in mandatis, ut non sulum cum advisamento Archiepiscopi Tuamensis unum 
Gardianum et ucto vicarios in dicto collegio locarent, constituerent ad celebrandum 
divinuin cultum ct servitium in cadem Ecclesia, sed etiam ut annuale stipendium 


pro 


215 


pro stipendio Gardiani et vicariorum persolverent cui nostri directioni in hac parte li- 
bentissime se submisserunt. Qua ratione speramus divinum cultum in illa Ecclesia 
stabiliendum et restorandum, quod precamur ex animo.” 

The Commissioners then proceed :— 

“ Wee found in Galway a publique schoolesmaster named Lynch, placed there by the 
Cittizens, who had great numbers of schollers, not only out of that Province but also 
out of the Pale, and other partes resorting to him. Wee-had daily proofe, during our 
continuance in that citty, how well his schollers profited under him, by verses and 
orations which they presented us. Wee sent for that schoolemaster before us, and se- 
riously advised him to conform to the Religion established, and not prevailing with our 
advices, we enjoyned him to forbear teaching: and I the chancellour did take a Recog- 
nizance of him and some others of his kinsmen in that citty, in the some of 400 Ji sterl- 
to his Mat®. use, that from thenceforth he should forbeare to teach any more without 
the speciall License of the Lo. Deputy. And in regard Galway is a farr more publique 
and convenient place for the keeping of a schoole then Tuame is, Wee have ordered 
that M’. Lally shall, at Michaelmas next, begin to teach publiquely in that Citty.”— 
From the original, see p. 179, ante. 

The following old documents relating to this foundation, have been transcribed 
from the originals preserved in the collegiate library there, by permission of the 
Editor’s pious and learned friend, the Right Reverend Doctor O’Donnell, R.C. Bishop 
of Galway. 


“‘ Concessio iv. marcar. in puram elemosinam, parochiali Ecclesie S. Nicola. 
“A.D. 1435. 


“ Sciant presentes et futuri, quod nos Willielmus Blak, Sylyana Blak, Henricus 
Blak, Walterus filius Johannis junioris Blak, Henricus filius Thome nigri Blak, una- 
nimi consensu, dedimus, concessimus, et hac presenti cartanostra confirmamus, a nobis 
et heredibus nostris in puram et perpetuam elemosinam, quatuor marcas, super terras 
nostras et tenementa intra et extra villam Galvye, eque divisas per partes, secundum 
quod concernit quemlibet nostrum, temporibus perpetuis duraturas. Infra eciam 
Crayg et dictam villam, super quadraginta acras terre arabilis cituatas duo marce, ita 
quod ex qualibet acra solvantur vilid. ab intra vero due alie marce solvantur per te- 
nementa et predictas personas, divise ut tenentur, ut infra sequitur, dividendo fideliter: 
porro, Willielmus Blak solvat novem solidos et xd. Sylyana Blak solvat quinque 
solidos, Henricus Blak solvat sex solidos et vuid. Walterus Blak solvat quatuor 
solidos, Henricus Blak solvat quatuordecim d. Ad honorem quoque parochialis ecclesie 
Sancti Nicholai ejusdem ville, et decorem cultumque divinum in eadem ecclesia multi- 

plicandum 


216 


plicandum, et sustenacionem unius ydonei et discreti sacerdotis assidue suas misses 
celebrantis, devotasyue preces ibidem infundentis, pro animabus nostris et parentum 
nostrorum, ac speciallissime pro animabus pie memorie Henrici Blak, suorumque pe- 
rentum ; quem quidem sacerdotem, nos et heredes nostri duxerimus eligendum, cujusque 
ecium sacerdotis propter sua merita vel demer ita, institucionem vel destitucionem nobis 
et heredibus nostris penitus reservamus. Et si, quod absit, aliquis nostrum antedic- 
torum stam partem concernentem, ut prefertur, eidem sacerdoti tempore debito dare 
et solvere renucrit seu distulerit, ipsum extunc, per sensuram ecclesiasticam campe- 
narumque pulsaciones in signum maledictionis eterne, necnon et domini nostri domini 
archiepiscopi Tuamensis tune incumbentis sensuram, ad suam integram partem solven- 
dam, compellatis, ipsum nihilominus per superiorem et prepositum ceterosque burgenses 
ejusdem ville ad solvendam compelli demandectis. Et nos omnes supradicti et heredes 
nostri, ut supradictum est, contra omnes gentes varentizabimus, acquietabimus, ac in 
perpetuum defendemus. In cujus rei testimonium, sigillum nostrum, viz. domini, 
domini Johannis, Dei et apostolice sedis gratia, Archiepiscopi Tuamensis, una cum 
sigillo antedicti Willielmi Blak, presentibus apponi fecimus. Datum in villa Gal- 
vye, primo die mensis Augusti anno Domini Millesimo, quadragentisimo tricesime 
quinto.”—Orig. 

The endowment provided for in the foregoing instrument is supposed to have been 
intended as an expiation for murders committed, in the preceding century, by the sept 
of the Blakes, on the rival tribe of Athy; and alluded to in Hist. Galway, p. 54. The 
deed itself bears the following endorsement, written after A. D. 1484 :—** The four 
markes ster. bestowed by William Blake and the rest of his nation upon the 
colledge.” 


“ Dispensacio Maritagii pro Valtero Blake et Juliana Lynch. 
“A.D. 1472. 
“TIL S. 

“ Universis et singulis ad quorum noticiam presentes litere pervencrint, salutem 
in Domino, et presentibus fidem indubiam edhibere. Literas sanctissimi in Christo 
Patris ac domini, domini nostri Sixti pape quarti, nos Donatum Dei gratia archiepis- 
copum Tuamensis, in ipsis literis apostolicis specialiter nominatum, cum ea qua decuit 
reverencia noveritis recepisse, tenorem qui sequitur, continentes: Venerabili in Christo 
patri, Dei gratia archiepiscopo Tuamensi, vel ejus vicariis in spiritualibus, Philippus, 
miseracione divina, Episcopus Portuencis, sulutem et sinceram in Domino caritatem. 
Sedis apostolice providencia circumspecta non nunquam rigorem juris mansuctudine 
temperet, et quia sacrorum canonum prohibent instituta de gratia benignitatis indul- 
get, prout personarum et temporum qualitate pensata, id in Deo salubriter expedire 


cognoscit 


217 


cognoscit, sane ex parte Valteri Blake laici et Juliane Lynche mulieris Enachdunensis 
diocesis, nobis oblata peticio continebat, quod ipsi, ex certis rationabilibus causis, 
desiderant invicem matrimonialiter copulari, sed quod quarto consanguinitatis gradu 
invicem sunt conjuncti; et hujus impedimentum scientes, sese pluries actu fornicario 
cognoverunt, desiderium eorum in hac parte adimplere non possint, dispensacione apos- 
tolica super hoc non obtenta: quare suplicari fecerunt humiliter iidem exponentes eis 
super hiis per sedem ipsam de absolutionis debite beneficio et oportune dispensacionis 
gratiam misericorditer provideri. Nos itaque ipsorum exponentium animarum saluti 
providere volentes, eorumque in hac parte suplicacionibus inclinati, auctoritate domini 
Pape cujus primarie curam gerimus, et de ejus speciali mandato, super hoc vive vocis 
oraculo nobis facto, circumspectioni vestre, cum ut asseritur ecclesia Enachdunensis 
ecclesie vestre Tuamensis canonice unita existat, committimus; quatenus si est ita, 
ipsos exponentes a reatu incestus hujusmodi absolvatis, et injuncta inde eorum cuilibet, 
pro modo culpe, penitencia salutari, et aliis que de jure fuerint injungenda, demum 
cum ipsis exponentibus quod impedimento consanguinitatis hujusmodi non obstante 
possint inter se matrimonium libere contrahere, et in eo postquam contractum fuerit 
licite remanere, misericorditer dispensetis, dum modo dicta mulier propter hoc ab 
aliquo nupta non fuerit, prolem exinde suscipiendam legittimam decernentes. Datum 
Rome apud Sanctum Petrum, sub sigillo officii primarie, sexto kl. Octobris, pontifica- 
tus Domini Sixti Pape quarti anno primo. Post quarum quidem literarum apostoli- 
carum presentationem, receptionem, et lecturam, per nos ut premittitur factas, per 
prefatos Walterum et Julianam, ut ad executionem ipsarum literarum et contentorum 
in eisdem procedere deberemus, debita fuimus cum instancia requisiti. Nos igitur, 
antefatus archiepiscopus mandatum ipsum apostolicum volentes reverenter exequi, ut 
tenemur, imposita eisdem exponentibus, pro modo culpe, penitentia salutari, ac aliis 
premissis mea parte premittendis, ipsos Valterum et Julianam a reatu hujusmodi in- 
cestus absolventes, ut, impedimento consanguinitatis hujusmodi non obstante, matri- 
monium inter se libere contrahere possint, auctoritate apostolica qua fungimur miseri- 
corditer dispensamus, prolem suscipiendam legittimam decernentes. Datum et Actum 
Galwye vi. die Aprilis, sub nostri sigilli testimonio, Anno Domini Millesimo, 
ccce.Lxxu.”— Orig. 


“Colacio archiepiscopi super Rectoriam et Vicariam de Furanmor, et Vicariam de Mevay. 
““ A.D. 1487. 
“TIS. 


é Willielmus, miseracione divina, electus, consecratus, metropolitanus Tuamensis, 
dilectis filiis Gardiano ecclesie collegiate sancti Nicholai ville Galwie, nostre Enach- 
IRISH ARCH. SOC. I5. 2F dunensis 


218 


dunensis diocesis, suisque collegialibus fratribus, salutem, gratiam et benedictionem. 
Votis illis ibenter annuimus, et gratum prebemus assensum, per que ecclesiarum 
vaccantium nobis subjectarum incommoditatibus consulatur, ac venerabilium presbi- 
terorum collegialiter viventium, indigencie pariter et inopie succurratur, cultusque 
divinus nostris temporibus suscipiat incrementum. Hine est, quod nos fructuum, 
proventuum et reddituum vestre ecclesie, per nostrum predecessorem in collegiatam 
erecte, attento vestro numero, exilitatem pariter et tenuacitatem, vestrumque eciam 
luborem in diurnis et nocturnis officiis quibus estis assidue mancipati considerantes, 
et attente pre oculis habe ntes, rectoriam et  vicariam ecclesie parochialis de Furan- 
mor, nostre Enachdunensis diovesis, que de jure patronatus laycorum existunt, quvé- 
bus que cura imminet animarum; necnon et vicariam de Meray, eciam ejusdem 
hostre diocesis, que eciam de jure patronatus laycorum existit, et cui eciam curs 
Imminet animarum, de consensú patronorum diligenti super hoc habito tractata 
predicte vestre ecclesie et collegio perpetuo et realiter, salvis nostris ordinariis juri- 
bus et oneribus, vz. procuracionibus annuatim, scilicet, ex dicta rectoria et  vicaris 
de Furan viginti et unum un Xias legalis monete, et ex dicta vicaria de Meary, annus 
tim, septem unxias legalis monete, solvendum annuatim per equales porciones, post 
festa consucta, unimus, annectimus et incorporamus: dummodo dicta rectoria et 
vicaria de Furan mor, necnon et vicaria de Meray debitis propterea ne defraudentur 
obsequiis, et animarum cura in cis nullatenus negligatur, sed earum = prorsus congrue 
supportentur onera consueta, Null ergo omnino hominum liceat, saltem nobis sub- 
jeetorum, hance paginam nostre unionis, annexionis et incorporacionis intringere, vel 
ei ansa temerario contraire. Siquis autem hoc attemptare presumserit, indigna- 
tionem omnipotentis Dei, et nostram, se noverit ineursurum, Datum Galwie in festo 
Coneeptionis beate Marie, sub nostri sigilli testimonio, Anno Domini M°.ccceoLxx VI.” 


et nostre consecrationis anne primo.—W. Joy. —Órwa. 


> Colacin archiepiscopn xu per rectoriam de Rancyn. 
ui. Ee ann. 
“* I. H. S, 


* Wilhelmus, miseratione divina, eleetus, consecratus metropolitanus Tuamensis, 
dilectis filiis gardiano ecclesie collegiate sancti Nicholai ville Galwye, nostre Enach- 
dunensis diocesis, suisque collegialibus fratribus, salutem, gratiam et benedictionem 
Votis illis libenter annuimus, et gratum= prebemus assensui, per que ecclesiarum 
vaceantium nobis subjectarum incommodatibus consolatur, ac venerabilium presbite 
rortum, collevialiter vivencium, indigencie pariter et inopie succurratur, cultusque 
divinus Lestris temporibus susciplat incrementum. Hine est quod nos, fructuum, 

proventuum 


219 


proventuum et reddituum vestre ecclesie, per nostrum predecessorem in collegiatam 
erecte, attento vestro numero, exilitatem pariter et tenuacitatem, vestrumque etiam 
laborem in diurnis et nocturnis officiis, quibus estis assidue mancipati, considerantes, 
et attente pre oculis habentes, vicariam parochialem ecclesie Sancte Marie de Rathuna, 
ejusdem nostre Enachdunensis diocesis, per mortem bone memorie Donati y Donaill 
ultimi eyusdem possessoris, seu alias quovismodo vacantem, et ad nostram collationem 
pleno jure spectantem, diligenti super hoc habito tractatu, et cui eciam curam immi- 
net animarum predicte vestre ecclesie et collegii perpetuo et realiter, salvis nostris 
ordinariis juribus et oneribus ac procurationibus, nobis et successoribus nostris debitis 
et consuetis, univimus, annectivimug et incorporavimus, ac per presentes, eidem 
ecclesie et collegio unimus annectimus et incorporamus, cum omnibus suis juribus, 
fructibus, redditibus et obvencionibus quibuscunque, inducentes vos eundem Guar- 
dianum nomine vestro ac dicti collegii, et successorum vestrorum imperpetuam posses- 
sionem seu titulum ejusdem vicarie, et jurium et pertinenciarum ejusdem, per anuli 
nostri traditionem, vobis desuper factam. Dum modo dicta vicaria debitis propter ea 
non defraudetur obsequiis, et animarum cura in eadem nullatenus negligatur, sed 
ejusdem prorsus congrue supportantur onera consueta. Nulli ergo omnino hominum 
liceat, saltim nobis subjectorum, hanc paginam nostre unionis, annexionis et incorpo- 
rationis infringere, vel ei ausa temerarie contraire; siquis autem hoc attemptare pre- 
sumpseret, indignationem omnipotentis Dei et nostram se noverit incursurum. Datum 
Galwie duodecimo die mensis Aprilis sub nostri sigilli testimonio, Anno Domini mil- 
lesimo, CCCC°LXXXVIII.° et nostre consecrationis anno primo.”—Orig. 


“ Resignatio vicarte de Moculyn. 
“A.D. 1488. 


“T.H.S. 

“ Reverendissimo in Christo domino, domino Willielmo, miseratione divina, electo, 
consecrato metropolitano Tuamensis, suus humilis et devotus orator Cornelius O’Hal- 
lurayn, perpetuus vicarius parochialis ecclesie de Moygcullyne vestre Enachdunensis 
diocesis, cum omni qua decet reverencia, salutem. Vestro reverendissimo domino 
electo scire placeat, qualiter ego, habita super hoc provida et satis sufficienti delibe- 
racione, spiritu bono ductus, considerans mei ingenii exilitatem, meeque literature et 
sciencie insufficienciam, onerisque et cure animarum michi et humeris meis impossite 
gravitatem, dispossui ad pedes vestre paternitatis, humiliter procidendo, eidem mee 
perpetue vicarie, ad manus vestre paternitatis resignare, ad instanciam perpetue 
unionis fiende de eadem vicaria, per vestram paternitatem, collegio ecclesie Sancti 
Nicholai de Galwy, gratia sustentacionis perpetue ejusdem collegii, et augmentacionis 

z2F2 divini 


220 


divini cultus et servicil in eodem ; cui quidem perpetue mee vicarie de Moygeullyne, 
ego predictus Cornelius O’Hallurayn, vestra humilis et devota creatura, ad pedes ves- 
tre reverendissime paternitatis provolutus, ad manus et potestatem vestram, per pre 
sentes, effectualiter et simpliciter resigno. Quapropter vestram reverendissimam 
donacionem, in cujus manibus libra justicie non mutatur, instancia quanta possum 
deprecor, quatenus intuitu divine caritatis, et augmentacionis divini cultus et servicii 
continue in eodem collegio, predictam vicariam ipsi collegio annectere et unire, ac 
perpetue incorporare, velitis. In fidem vero et testimonium predicte mee perpetue 
resignacionis, infraseriptum publicum notarium hanc resignacionem in presentem 
publicam formam reddigere curavi. Hiis testibus presentibus, vz. Thoma O*Donaill, 
Patricio Blake, Odone Mc. Macllayn, Thadeo ruffo Makyan, et multis aliis. Et ob 
majore evidencia hujus mee perpetue resignacionis, ob defectu sigilli proprii, sigillum 
Johannis lynche fyz Edmundi presentibus apponi feci. Hee resignacio facta est, per 
me dictum Cornelium, coram vestra dominacione, apud Galwy, in vigiha omnium 
sanctorum, Anno Domini millesimo, CCCCOLXXXVIIL° 
‘Et ego vero, Willielmus Molgan clericus Enachdunensis diocesis, pub- 
licus auctoritate Imperiali notarius, quia cum predicta resignacio om- 
nibus modo ordine et forma quibus supra fieret, una cum prenominstis 
testibus presens interfui, eaque omnia et singula sic fieri vidi et audivi. 
Ideoque jussu et rogatu prefuti Cornelii ut premittitur resignantis, 
anno, die, mense et loco quibus supra, Indicione vero septima pontificatus 
sanctissimi in Christo patris ac domini nostri, domini Innocentii, divina 
providenela pape YIII anno quarto, predictam resignacionem in hane 
publicam formam reddegi, signu et nomine meis solitis et consuetis sig- 
navi, rogatus et requisitus in fidem et testimonium omnium et singule- 
rum premissorum, — (ru. 


* Conrventum ader Gul de Burn et Majorem Gales. 
i. 22. 1488. 
“THLS. 

“Tn nomine Domini, amen. Inter Dominum Willielmum de Burgo sue nationis 
capitaneum ex parte una; et Johannem Blake majorem ville de Galwy, ac Dominicum 
Lynehe fvz-Johunnis burgensem ejusdem ville ex parte altera, sic concensum, vz. quod 
prefatus dominus Willielmus obligavit se suosque heredes et sueccessores, prefatis ma- 
joriet Dominico, ac collegio ecelesie saneti Nicholai de Galwey, corumque successoribus 
qui pre tempore fuerint, ad tuendum, protegendum et defendendum dictum collegiam, 
in ommibus et singulis suis juribus et obventionibus, tam ex parte ecclesic, quam eciam 


temporalis 


221 


temporalis seu secularis curie, nunc et in posterum, ad ipsum Collegium quoquo modo 
spectantibus, videlicet ex parte ratione curie ac extra eandem, jam impetratis et im- 
posterum impetrandis. Ita vero quod dictum collegium, videlicet qui nunc sunt et 
qui pro tempore fuerunt, singulis diebus sollemniter dicent unam collectam seu oratio- 
nem specialem, in principali missa ad attenticum altare, pro bono statu in vita, et eorun- 
dem animabus post mortem, videlicet prefati domini Willielmi et Slanine sue uxoris, 
heredum et successorum ac antecessorum suorum. Ita vero quod predicti major et Do- 
minicus impetrabunt pro Ricardo de Burgo filio eorundem domini Willielmi et 
Slanyne, canonicatum ecclesie Tuamensis, et prebendam de Killmaellayn, et rectoriam 
et vicariam de Athnary, cum suis juribus et pertinenciis, etc. Tali vero condicione 
interposita, vz. quod predictus dominus Willielmus et uxor sua predicta, ac eorum 
filii et heredes non impedient, per se vel alios, prefatos majorem et Dominicum, aut 
alios quoscunque eorundem nomine impetrare seu impetrari facere, verbo vel facto, 
rectoriam et vicariam de Furanmor, ac vicariam de Meary Enachdunensis diocesi, ad 
instanciam dicti collegii, sed ipsos et dictum collegium, ad hoc adjuvabunt, et ab in- 
sultibus et contradictione omnium et singulorum contradicentium, juxta posse defendent. 
Ita tamen quod predicti major et Dominicus, ac collegium predictum, tanquam pro 
speciali stipendio, gratia defensionis ejusdem collegii in hiis et aliis, concedent prefato 
domino Willielmo et Ricardo ipsius filio predicto, fructus et proventus prefate rectorie 
et vicarie de Furanmor, et vicarie predicte de Meary, post impetracionem ad instanciam 
collegii de hiis factam, usque ad mortem rectoris de Athnary, si interim, scilicet ante 
ipsius rectoris mortem, rectoriam et vicariam predictam de Athnary adepti non fuerint 
prefati, viz. dominus Willielmus aut Ricardus. Ita quod immediate post ipsius rectoris 
mortem vel ante, cum rectoriam et vicariam predictam de Athnary adepti fuerint, 
prefatum collegium gaudere habcat, sine aliqua contradictione, prefatis rectoria et vi- 
caria de Furanmor et vicaria de Meary, cum suis fructibus et obvencionibus. In fidem 
vero et testimonium omnium et singulorum premissorum, partes predicte sigillum 
prefati domini, domini Willielmi, uni parti harum indenturarum, ac sigilla prefati 
domini majoris et Dominici Lynch predicti, alteri parti apponi fecerunt. Datum apud 
Galwy xv. die mensis Januari Anno domini millesimo cccc°Lxxx°vi’. Et ulterius, 
si, quod absit, contingeret prefatum Ricardum de Burgo mori, antequam adeptus fuerit 
prefatam rectoriam et vicariam de Athnary, ac canonicatum et prebendam predictam, 
quod tunc obligantur prefati major et Dominicus impetrare omnia illa Theobaldo de 
Burgo ejusdem Ricardi germano, omnibus et singulis premissis in eorum effectu et ro- 
bore permanentibus. In fidem vero premissorum sigillum Gardiani prefati collegii 
presentibus indenturis est appensum.”—Orig. 

“ Unio 


222 


* Unio ecelesiarum de hyllcommuyn et Kyllruyn Collegio. 
“A.D. 1488. 


“LHS. 

“ Willielmus, miseracione divina, electus, consecratus metropolitanus Tuamensis, 
universis Christi fidelibus, presentes litteras visuris vel audituris, salutem, gratiam. 
et benedictionem, et presentibus fidem indubiam adhibere; universitati siquidem 
Vestre serie presencium innotescentes, ac votis illis gratum prestantes assensum, per 
que, precipuc in collegiatis ecclesils nostre jurisdiccioni subjectis, continue henedicatuar 
ultixsimus, uc divinus cultus nostris temporibus recipiat inerementum: qualiter consi- 
derantes exiguitate et tenuitate fructuum, reddituum et proventuum ecclesie vestre 
collegiate sancti Nicolai ville Galvie, in qua secundum nostrum = predecessorem et 
hostram ac apostolicam ordinacionem, Gardianus ut caput, ac octo vicarii ut membra, 
perpetue cum collegialibus insigniis divina officia celebrare, ac ecclesiastica sacra- 
menta ministrare teneantur, inter se prelatum et capitulum constituentes vicarias 
ecelesiarum parochialium de Kyllcommyn et Killruyn, nostre Enachdunensis diocesis 
predicte ecclesie collegiate perpetue ad sustentacionem predictorum Gardiani cet viii. 
Vieariorum predictorum, in honore Sancti Nicolai, sub cujus vocabulo dicta eeclesis 
ed Scata existit, Univimus, anneximus ct Incorporavimus, et per presentes unimus, 
annectimus et incorporamus. Ita quod Jiceat dictis Gardiano et vicariis, auctoritate 
propria, possessionem dictarum vicariarium, Juriumaque et pertinenciarum absque con- 
tradictione alicujus apprehendere, ipsarumgue fructuum et proventus in ipsorum usus 
prout ipsis videbitur secundum Deum ac dicti collerún utilitatem convertere. Ita 
tamen quod dicte vicarie debitis non defraudentur obsequiis, et animarum cura in eis 
nullatenus negligatur, ordinaria onera ccclesiastica supportentur. Datum = Galwie 
xxi’, die mensis Januari, sub nostri sigilli testimonio, anno Domini M.MILSLX XX VIII 9 


et hostre conseerationis anno Secunde.”— Orig. 


“W. Joy. 
‘** Manus propria.” 


* hettere inhihitoric pro ( ‘allequo dle Galrue contra Richardum I de Burgo, super orrvan. 
A. f). 1493. 
“I. H.S5S. 

* Willichmus, miseratione divina, urchiepiscopus Tuamensis, universis Christi 
fidelibus ad quos presentes littere pervencrint, salutem, gratiam et benedictionem. 
Noverit universitas vestra, quad nos, visis quibusdam litteris apostelicis pro Ricardo 
De Burzo clerico Cloynfertensis diceesis, super rectoria et vicaria de Furan-mor, in 

nostre 


223 


nostre Enachdunensis diocesi, ac creatione novi canonicatus ad instanciam ejusdem 
Ricardi, et erectione unius illorum in prebendam, in guibus guidem litteris, inter 
cetera, asseritur et continetur, quod creatio et erectio predicta fieri habeant dum- 
modo ad ipsam noster accedat assensus. Nos igitur considerantes creationem 
et erectionem predictas, si fierent pro augmentacione cultus divini in ecclesia 
nostra Enachdunensis, non solum fore inutiles sed prorsus omnino inefficaces, prout 
per facti experientiam satis bene et luculentur sumus informati: nedum ad erec- 
tionem et creationem predictas, si fierent pro augmentacione cultus divini, prout 
non existit ut premittitur, nostrum non prestamus assensum; verum eciam ne 
fiant ob tales rationabiles causas, viz. ne in dicta ecclesia animarum cura ne- 
gligatur, et ipsa debitis defraudetur obsequiis; et quia in ecclesia ipsa cathedrali 
nullus cultus divinus propterea augeri speratur. Et eciam ac super omnia, quia pre- 
dicta rectoria ac vicaria ad collegium ecclesie sancti Nicholai ville Galwie, nostre eciam 
Enachdunensis diocesis, nostra unione et incorporatione cum suppletione omnium et 
singulorum defectuum, pertinere dinoscuntur, de cujus quidem collegii, et maxime in 
hac parte, gravi prejudicio agitur. Judicibus igitur, in dictis litteris deputatis, ne ad 
creationem et erectionem predictas aliquatenus procedant, delegata potestate subintel- 
lecta per condicionem in ipsis litteris appositam, et nostra ordinaria auctoritate 
expresse inhibemus. Et ne de dicta inhibitione in posterum hesitari contingat, pre- 
sentes litteras nostri sigilli munimine fecimus roborari. Datum Galwie xu. die 
mensis Novembris, sub nostri sigilli ac notarii publici nostri infrascripti scripture et 
subscriptionis testimonio. Anno Domini Millesimo cccc® nonagesimo secundo, et 
nostre consecrationis Anno septimo. 
““W. Joy. [loc. sigil. ] 
‘Et ego vero Williclmus Molgan clericus Enachdunensis diocesis, publi- 
cus, auctoritate Imperiali, notarius, quia cum omnia et singula premissa 
per dictum Reverendissimum in Christo Patrem ac dominum egerentur, 
dicerentur et fierent, una cum nonnullis prefatis aliisque clericis et 
laycis presens interfui; eaque omnia et singula sic fieri vidi et audivi: 
Ideoque, jussu et rogatu predicti domini nostri Archiepiscopi, omnia et 
singula premissa, per eum ut prefertur, anno, die, mense et loco quibus 
supra, Indictione vero XI. gesta seu facta, in hanc publicam formam 
reddegi; signo et nomine meis solitis et consuetis signavi, rogatus et 
requisitus, in fidem et testimonium omnium et singulorum premisso- 
rum. ”— Orig. 


224 


“ Unio ecelesiarum de Shruther et Kenlagh, pro Collegio. 
“ud. D. 1501. 


“ Willielmus, miseratione divina, ‘Tuamensis archiepiscopus, dilectis filiis Wardiano 
ecclesie collegiate ville Galvie,ceterisque suis collegialibus fratribus, salutem in Domino 
sempiternam. Votis illis libenter annuimus et gratum prebemus assensum, per quem ec- 
clesiarum nobis subjectarum commoditatibus consolatur, ac venerabilium presbiteroram 
collegialiter viventium indigencie pariter et inopie succurratur, cultusque divinus 
nostris temporibus suscipiat incrementum. Hinc est, quod nos, fructuum, reddituum 
et proventuum vestre ecclesie collegiate a tanto vestro numero, exhilitatem et tenui- 
tatem, vestrumque eciam laborem in diurnis ct nocturnis officiis, quibus estia assidue 
mancipati, considerantes, et attente pre oculis habentes, vicarias parochialium ecclesis- 
rum de Sruther et Kenlaghyn, nostre Tuamensis diocesis, de mero concensu magistri 
Thome de Burgo, earundem ecclesiarum perpetul vicarii, ac spontanea sua voluntate, 
habito super hoc diligenti tractatu, predicte vestre ecclesie collegiate, perpetuo et 
Tealiter, salvis nostris ordinariis juribus et oneribus, nobis et antecessoribus nostris 
debitis et consuetis, unimus, annectimus et Incorporamus cum effectu, dummodo dicte 
vicarie debitis propterea non defraudentur obsequio, et animarum cura eisdem nulla 
tenus negligatur, set eorundem prorsus supportentur onera consucta. Nulli ergo 
omnino hominum, saltem nobis subjectorum, liceat hance paginam nostre unionis, an- 
nexionis et incorporacionis infringere, vel ei ausu temerario contraire. Si quis autem 
hoc attemptare presumpserit, indignacionem omnipotentis Dei et nostram se noverit 
incursurum. Datum Galvie, decimo septimo die mensis Augusti, sub nostri sigilli 
testimonio, Anno Domini millesimo quingentesimo primo.”—Orig. 


“ Confirmacio Walteri episcopi Cluanensis, pro Collegio. 
“© A. PD. 1506. 


* Walterus miseratione divina Cluanensis episcopus, ac eadem, per illustrissimum 
Regem Anghe Henricum septimum, ad ecclesiam metropoliticam Tuamensis presenta- 
tus: Universis Christi fidelibus has literas visuris vel audituris, salutem, gratiam et 
benedictionem. Ad vegitacionem sive augmentum cultus divini, quem augmentare desi- 
derare, debemus non minus nes censemus obligates, quam nostri felici memorie in eadem 
Tuamensis ecclesia fucre intercessores, Donatus, viz. et Willielmus qui pro tempore 
rexerunt ecclesiam Tuamensis, qui spiritu sanieris consilii considerantes parochianos 
parochialis ecclesie Sancti Nicolai ville Galvie, Enachdunensis diocesis, modestos et 
morigeratos homines inter silvestres ac Montanos commoruntes, cisdem moribus cum pre- 
dictis montanis nun utentes, prupter impetraciones varias super vicaria dicte ecclesie 


225 


tunc per vicarios in antea solite gubernare, a prefate nacionis hominibus cotidie fiebant 
in tantum vexatos fore, quod secundum decenciam, ritum et modum Anglicanum quem 
tenebant, et eorum predecessores soliti fuerunt tenere ab antiquo, officia audire divina, 
et ecclesiastica percipere sacramenta non potuerint; et ab illis indoctis hominibus 
depredabantur, perturbabantur et interficiebantur, nonnullaque dampna et incommoda 
personarum et rerum sustinere cogebantur, et majora nisi eis celeri remedio succur- 
retur proferre habebant verisimiliter infuturum: plena deliberacione super hoc preha- 
bita, antedictus Donatus primo ecclesiam predictam Sancti Nicholai in Collegiatum 
erexit, et pro sustentacione vicariorum et Gardiani in illa deputatorum, prout in literis 
desuper confectis, quartam Archiepiscopalem dicte parochie ville Galvie, pro se et suis 
successoribus in puram et perpetuam elemosinam, unacum aliis donacionibus inibi 
expressis, donavit, et ad dictam ecclesiam collegiatam pleno jure pertinere voluit, ac 
alia ibi ordinavit. Acdemum Willielmus suus successor, ut eo firmius illa donacio, con- 
cessio et ordinacio illibate perdurent, quo fuerint majori rob.............-08. 
volens adjicere sui munimenis firmitatem, predictas donacionem, concessionem et ordi- 
nacionem, etiam per sedem apostolicam confirmatas, ratum et gratum habuit, ac dictam 
erectionem, et omnia quecunque inde secuta, ex certa sciencia confirmavit et ratifica- 
vit, rata, et grata et confirmata declaravit, prout in literis suis intuentibus potest 
apparere. Nos vero antefatus Walterus predictas ereccionem in collegiatum, ac quarte 
archiepiscopalis donacionem, concessionem, ordinacionem et confirmacionem a nostris 
predecessoribus, pro suarum et nostrarum salute animarum factas, ratum, gratum et 
firmum, in quantum possumus, habemus. Et hoc sub warantizacione, fidejussione et 
intercessione Dei et hominum. Et ne de hujusmodi ratificacione ab aliquibus impos- 
terum hesitari contingat, presentibus sigillum nostrum quo utimur ad majora duximus 
apponendum. Datum Galvie sexto die mensis Aprilis, Anno Domini Millesimo quin- 
gentesimo sexto.”—Orig. 

It appears by the foregoing deed of confirmation that Walter Blake, Bishop of Clon- 
macnois (for whom see Harris’s Ware, vol. i. pp. 174, 613), was appointed by Henry 
VII. to the see of Tuam; which must have taken place between the death of Arch- 
bishop Pinson, in A. D. 1503, and the above date. This appointment was not known 
to Harris, who mentions, however, a previous provision for the same, by Pope Sixtus 
IV., which never took effect, having been made in the life-time of Donatus O’Murray. 
Bishop Blake never filled the see of Tuam, Pope Julius II. having advanced the 
celebrated Morogh O’Fihely (better known by the name of Maurice de Portu) thereto. 
He was (probably) the Walter Blake, brother of Geffrey, who appears, s. p. in the 
genealogical fragment, ante, p. 213. 


IRISH ARCH. SOC. I5. 2G Receptio 


226 


“Receptio Sanduri Lynche et Anastacie ejus Uxoris, inConfraternitatem Fratram minorum. 
“A.D. 1521. 
* Thesus semper assit. 

e Di]ectis suis in Christo Sandar Lynche fytz-Johanni, et Anastacie Lynche cjus 
uxori, Deo et. beato Francisco devotis, frater David O hyrella ordinis fratrum minorum, 
super omnes fratres in provincia Hybernie provincialis minister, salutem in Domino, 
ac bonis perfrui sempiternis. Pius vestre devocionis affectus, quem ad ordinem geritis 
exigencia digne requirit, ut quia in temporalibus non possumus vicem vestre caritati 
respondere, in spiritualibus tamen quam in nobis suppetit, et prout in nostris apud 
Deum desideriis servamus, vobis recompensare debemur; propter quod, vos ad contra- 
ternitatem nostram, et ad universa et singula fratrum nostrorum suffragia, in vita recipio 
pariter et in morte, plenam vobis et specialem participacionem omnium spiritualium 
bonorum, viz. missarum, orationum, suffragiorum, officiurum......, devocionum, medi- 
tacionum, predicacionum, lectionum, jejuniorum et abstinenciarum, disciplinarum, 
vigilarum,............ laborum, ceterorumque bonorum spiritualium vobis gratiosse 
conferendy, que per ffratres mihi commissos, fieri dederit auctor omnium bonurum 
Dei filius, ut multiplici suffragiorum presidio adjuti, et hic augmentum gratie, et in 
futuro mereamini eterne vite premia possidere. In cujus rei testimonium sigillum mei 
officii duxi presentibus appendendum. Datum in nostro conventu montis fernandi, 
Anno Domini M.CCCC.XX1."—Oriy. 


‘*Conventum inter Donaldum O Flaherty et Vardianum Galcie. 
1.7). 1527. 

“Jn Dei nomine, Amen, hujus presentis instrument serie, cunctis innotescat quod 
anny protunc Domini MDAXVIT, et ror. Henrici octavi xxix. die quarto mensis 
Mail, coram Richard, Martyn, majore ville Galvie, cum diversis conburgensibus ejas- 
dem ville, in mei notarii presentia infrascripti, testiumaque infraseriptorum presentia, 
personaliter constituti, nobilis vir, viz. Donaldus O'Flaherty, decanus Enachdunensis, 
parte ex una, et Wilhelmus ©*Donchu vardianus hujus prelibate ville Galvie, de et 
cum consilio et assensu omnium vicariorum ejusdem collezii parte ex altera, unanimi 
assensu confederati et concerdati sunt; necnon eciam, et tactis primitus sanctis evan- 
vellis, reeyproce ac mutue sibi ipsis benefacere fideliter promiserunt, et se firmiter 
obligaverunt modo et forma sequentibus: viz. quod prefutus Donaldus debet et tenetur, 
prout per presentes se obligavit, semper a tempore dati presencium, durante vita sua, 
protizere ac deflendere ipsos vardianum et viearios, qui pro tempore fucrint, necnan et 
Mos procuratores, firmarios et omnes suos subdites, in ipsorum dominio, decimis, ob- 
lacionibus, obvencionibus, juribus, fructibus, et pertinenciis quibuscunque, contra et 
versus Bernardum O'Flaartey ; necnon et omnes et singulos alios existentes sub potestate 


predicti 


227 


predicti Donaldi, aut versus quos habebit ullam potestatem: Ita, viz. quod predictus 
Donaldus debet et tenetur presentare et exhibere antedictis vicariis, quaamcumque per- 
sonam, dampnum aliquod eis ferrentem, aut ejus sufficientia pignora, in omnibus 
quibus judicio curie ejusdem ville condemnatum erit; aut idem Donaldus ex suis 
propriis pro tali persona satisfacere realiter tenetur: necnon similiter omnes existentes 
sub potestate ipsius Donaldi, qui tempore elapso, aliquod dampnum ipsis vicariis fecit, 
excepto predicto Bernardo: si hec probare valeant tales delinquentes aut eorum pignora, 
dictus Donaldus ipsis vicariis prout debet, ipsis vicariis propter dampna jam eis illata, 
ipsum Bernardum in utroque foro prosequentibus, ipso Donaldo dictos vicarios suosque 
firmarios, contra ipsum Bernardum et alios quoscumque, a tempore dati presencium, 
durante vita sua, fideliter, ut premittitur, defendente, et protigente. Insuper si pre- 
dicti Vardianus et vicarii conquerelati fuerint de neccligencia ipsius Donaldi in premissis 
quoad preterita, stabit et stare debet......... et arbitrio domini Patricii Kyrwan, 
Marcii ac Nicholai Stephani Lynche, unacum majore qui pro tempore fuerit. Sed 
quantum ad futura, judicio majoris et curie, idem Donaldus cum ipsis vicariis stare 
debet et tenetur, ipsis vicariis suisque successoribus, pro bono statu ipsius Donaldi, 
devote et quotidie orantibus, denique supplicantibus, in recompensacione premissorum. 
In quorum omnium premissorum fidem et testimonium, ambe partes me infrascriptum 
publicum notarium desuper hoc instrumentum conficere rogarunt, cum subscripcioni- 
bus dicti Vardiani et Nicholai Lynche, pro dicto Donaldo. Hiis testibus presentibus, 
viz. Willielmo Martyn, Anthonio Lynche, Stephano Jacobi Lynche, Marco et Nicholao 
Lynche, Phinano O’Hallurayn, cum multis aliis. Datum, Galvie, die, mense et anno 
quibus supra.—Nicholaus Molgan, publicus Notarius.”—Orig. 


“* Confirmacio beneficiorum pro Collegio. 
“A.D. 1541. 


é“ Christophorus, miseratione divina, Tuamensis archipresul, universis et singulis 
Christi fidelibus, has nostras literas inspecturis, pariterque audituris, salutem atque 
fidem indubiam adhibere. Universitati vestre, tenore presencium, innotescimus, qua- 
liter honorabilis vir, magister Thomas, Stephani, Dominici Lynche, protunc ville 
Regis Galvie major, ceterique ejusdem ville generosi burgenses, clarissime nobis ex- 
possuerunt, quod, salubri sagacitate ac laudabili industria, bone memorie viri venera- 
bilis ac locorum ubique percelebris Dominici Lynche suorumque omnium comburgen- 
cium collegium viii. vicariorum et unius wardiani, ex et cum institucione bone 
memorie Reverendissimi domini Donati y Mureadhayd, quondam Tuamensis archi- 
episcopi, necnon cum confirmacione Romani episcopi, juxta modum antiquitus obser- 


vatum, in.....habuerunt. Et consequenter ut predictum collegium, eo modo, eaque 
2G2 forma 


228 


furma, quibus in sui primaria institucione ordinatum erat, sub patrocinic atque 
tuicione majoris ac tucius curie ville Regis Galvie, cum confirmacione omnium benefi- 
clorum, que protunc illud collegium quicte et juste possidcbat, et aliorum beneficio- 
rum, quibus predictum collegium potestate seu tirranitate laicali hactenus spolhiatum 
existit, ad presens tamen juris communis ac Regia disposicione quuad laicos, et eciam 
clericos detentores vacancium, nova collaciune, confirmaremus, humiliter supplicavit. 
Nos igitur antefatus archiepiscopus, predicti Thome Lynche Galvie majoris, suurum- 
que omnium fratrom et coimnburgensiuin justis ae piis peticionibus inclinati, cunside 
rantes eciam predictum collegium laudabili divorum servicio, ac divini cultus mirv 
exercicio sedulo et ferventer intendere seu auscultare, de consilio nostrorúm suffra- 
ganeorum in provinelali consilio nobis astancium, ac illius sacre congregacionis ditkni- 
torum, sepedictum collegium cum omnibus suis beneficiis, que ad presens quiete ac 
juste possidet, confirmamus, necnon omnia alia beneficia quondam per anteseriptum 
collegium possessa, posteaque per alios occupata, disposicione, ut prediximus Regis 
nunc vacantia, eidem collegio cum omnibus suis juribus ct pertinenciis, conferimus et 
assignamus : ipsum collegium, seu alum ejus nomine, in corporalem et actualem 
possessionem illorum beneticiorum noviter sepedicty collegio collatorum, inducentes, 
omnes illicitus detentores exinde prorsus amovendo, Datum Galvie, 25 die mensis 
Aprilis anno invictissimi rem Regis Henrict octavi 33.”—Oreg. 

From the foregoing instrument, we find that the Archbishop of Tuam, Christopher 
Bodikyne, had admitted the King’s supremacy. In it he styled the Pope merely 
* Romanus Episcopus.” But in a subsequent instrument executed in the reign of 
Philip and Mary (which see, p. 233), gave the Pope his usual title of dignity, and 
alluded to the past changes as a schism, “ tempore preteriti scismatis.” Afterwards 
in the reign of Elizabeth, Archbishop Bodikyne again conformed té the religion 
of the state, and consequently retained his see. This prelate died. according to Ware. 
= full of days,” in A.D. 1572. 


"a ain ordre in the behalfe of the Colledye aqainel Richande Blake and his Hleirea. 
A. /). 1542. 


Memorandum that upon suche debate and variaunce depending betwixt one 
Richard Blake of this the K® towne of Galwey of that one partic, und the warden and 
Corall vickeryes of the sam towne of that other partie. concernyng certayn yerely 
rent appoynzhted perpetually to the Colledge, for augmentacion of Divyne Service: 
the said Richard suppoossinge the said warden and viekeryes to levie and reze yerely 
more than their duetie of hym: the said Wykeryes and Warden supposing and alledg- 
mn hyim to holde certiyn porcon of suche rent due unto theim verely té their grett 


arrerags 


229 


arrerags and losses. Whereabouthes he the said Ric. purchassed nowe of late the K® 
writt of Sbpena agenst certayn of the said corall vickerys, as Sir Johan. Bremegham 
late Warden, and Sir Roger Cornell, whiche notwithstanding, the said Richard by his 
owne free wyll, And also S' Patrick Blake warden, with all his conbrethern, corall 
vickeryes of the sam, premitting their juraments upon the holly Ewangelistes, sub- 
mitted themselfs and become bounde, the one partie unto the other, in payne of one 
houndred poundes sterling to stande, abyde and performe the ordere, adwarde, lawde, 
and judgement of us, Mr. Henry Joes, inayor of the sam town, James Skeret, Richard 
Martyn, John Ffrenche, Thomas Lynche, Thomas Martyn, and Nicholas Blake, bur- 
genses of this self town: Wherfor we the fornamed Judges elected by the said parties, 
with mature deliberacion and circumspecte consideracion of al] their variaunce, have 
Judged, adwarded and Decred the said Richard and his heires and executores to pay, 
or cause to be paid, to the Warden et vikeryes for the tyme being for evere more, not 
onely x11.” iiii"d. sterling, yerely in and for the tenement or houses next to the 
lytell yeat att the weste syde, according his granfather John Blaks testament, but als 
and as well viii.” sterling lyckewyse yerely, for every acker of lande that he the said 
Richard hawe and shall hawe of the xl. ackres being without the town, as the auncient 
Dede made by his progenitores doth specifie; which ded hath ben allued and con- 
fermed be the court and consaill of the sam town, as the decre thereupon yeven in 
the favor of the said Warden and vickeryes conteyned more att large; without any 
further vexsacion or excepcion to the contrary, under the peayne to for expressed : 
and also have adwarded and decred the said Richard his heires et successores to be 
quite and fullye dischardged in all other suche rent that the said Warden and corall 
vyckeryes proclamed of hym beforce of the said auncient Dede: And from hence 
forthe the said Richarde and his successores to be good and comfortable aideres to the 
warden and wyckeryes for the tyme being ; and they as well kynde and lowing ora- 
tores unto hym and his successores for evere more, without any further vexacion or 
truble: prowydith allways Richard Blake to retorne the forsaid writt in full dis- 
charge of the said Sir Roger and Sir John, under the peyne to for mencioned. Yeven 
att galwey the xi. day of Octobre, the xxxiiii" yere of the Reigne of our Soveraigne 
Lorde King Henry theight 1542: and our sealls and seigne manuells. Prowydeth the 
said Ric. and his coheires to be fully discharged concernyng Gylle Blake and Thomas 
Dof Blakes porcion of the rent within the town. 


“ HARRY JOES, mayre. “ JaMES SKERRETT. 

“Tuomas MARTIN. ‘““RYCHARD MARTYN. 

“ Per me RICHARD BLAKE. ‘Per my, JOHN BLAKE FYZ RICHARD.” 

“ Tomas Lyncu. Orig. 


“ JOHAN. FFRENCHE. 
For the ‘“‘auncient Dede” here referred to, see ante, p. 215. 


“* Morgadg 


13 Ri 


es res ach Enna SEEN Aí SIE” Idir a AE TE. Ss Ide ns uad? Má 


ren. ave 8 - 


a © om ee" - 


Ae i us i os Te .-- 


230 


 Morgady of the juelles of y° Chyrche 
“A.D. 1546. 


“ Be it knownn to theim that ben present and to come, that we Thomas Kyrwan 
and Richard Bodykyn of Galwey merchaunts, proctores of Sanct Nicholas is chyrche 
of Galwey aforsaid, by the will and assent of Mr. Stephen Lynche mayor, and uthers 
the good m™ of the said towne, hawe yeve and concesse to James Lynche fitz-Ric. of 
the sam towne merchaunt, the grete crose of shylver, two sconces of shylver, two 
candell or tapire styckes of shylver, a pyxe for the sacrament, with fuuer chalices of 
shylver, apperteanyng to the said chyrche, to gadge or pledge for thre score poundes 
sterlinge ; which the said James imployde and bestowed in glase, lede, woexe, candel- 
styeks and lectorne of brase, and certayne bryck being very necessary and nydytull 
for the reparacon and usadge of the said chyrche. To hawe and to holde all the said 
juells, chylvere or plate aforsaid, and every parcell thereof, to the said James Lynche 
his heires and assignes for ever; to suche tyme he or they shalbe paid in the said thr: 
score poundes sterling: with this condicion, that at eny tyme we the said proctores, 
or otheres for the tyme beinge proctores, shall or due pay or cause to be paid to the 
said James his heires or exceutores, the said thre score poundes sterling, that then 
this writting be woyd and of non effecte, and the said juelles, all and every parcell 
thereof, to returne to the service and usadge of the said chyrche, in fermor state, this 
writting in every thing notwithstanding. In Wittenes whereof, we caused our me- 
raltie seale of the said towne to be set hereto, with our seigne manuell, the xx" of 
Novembre the xxxvii™ yere of the mouste prosperus reigne of of Soveraigne Lorde, 
King Henry theight, 1546.—Tuomas KYRVANE, proctowre.” [ Loc. Sigil. ]—Orig. 

It is probable that the foregoing curious transfer was nothing more than a device 
or cover to protect the few articles which, after the previous confiscation, had re 
mained for the public service of religion. About this time the Corporation deter- 
mined to surrender the church and college, and all their ceclesiastical pussessiona, to 
the Crown; as appears by the following petition to that effect, prepared for presen- 
tation to King Henry VIL 


Ad ercellentizsimum principem Henrico Octavum, Reyem ac Dominum nostrum. 
é Serenis-imam Regie Majestatis Excellenciam, cjus celcitudini, veri, ligei, fideles 
-ubditi et oratores ussidui, maior, conburzenses et communitas ville sue Galvie, clavis 
Conacie, infra regnum suum Thibernie, qui inter rebelles silvestres ac montanos hiber- 
hieos existunt, candem villam versus cosdem, propriis sumptibus cum quotidianis 
vigiliis, nomine sue excellentiv, manutenentes et diligenter defendentes, omni humili- 
tate et honore quibus decet, supplicant et implorant, quatenus collegium ecclesie sancti 


Nicholai, 


231 


Nicholai, parochiis ejusdem ville sue Galvie Diocesis Enachdunensis...... videlicet, 
Guardiani et octo vicariorum collegialium, more Anglorum debite et honeste erudito- 
rum, in uns aula ac mensa comorancium, cum quotidiano cantus servicio, quondam 
per Reverendissimum in Christo patrem Dominum Donatum tune Archiepiscopum 
Tuamensem, prelibate ecclesie ratione perpetue unionis, ordinarium, auctoritate ordi- 
naria, primitus supplicacione et precibus dicte communitatis, fundatum et institutum, 
atque de quarta sua Episcopali in quibusdam aliis beneficiis ac unionibus donatum, 
communia, ut tunc moris fuerat, per Episcopum Romanum vel ejus auctoritate con- 
firmatum. Nunc denuo, regia auctoritate, graciose fundaretur, et institueretur, aut 
in pristinum statum confirmaretur, cum gardino et duodecim vicariis, utque in pos- 
terum, re et nomine, Collegium Regis nominaretur, reputaretur et acciperetur, imper- 
petuum, per eosdem majorem, ballivi et comburgenses, qui pro tempore fuerint, 
ejusdem ville, auctoritate Regia, regendum, gubernandum et defendendum, cum privi- 
legio exemptionis a Diocessani ac ordinaria alia quacumque jurisdictione, regia et 
ipsorum majoris et comburgensium, qui pro tempore fuerint, eyusdem ville auctori- 
tate et jurisdictione duntaxat exceptis; per quos vero majorem et burgenses sicut hac- 
tenus, nomine Regis, ex predictis vicarlis, unus guardianus, de anno in annum, sit 
elegendus, et vicarii ad presentacionem eorum majoris, ballivorum et comburgensium, 
per guardianum et convicarios, more hactenus usitato, elegendi, per ipsos vero majorem, 
ballivos et conburgenses, corrigendi, puniendi ac inde penitus ejiciendi, et removendi 
juxta sua merita et demerita sint, imperpetuum. Pro augmentacione vero divini 
cultus, ac ampliori sustentacione dictorum Guardiani et duodecim vicariorum colle- 
gialium, ac aliorum inibi serviencium, ex habundantissima Regie Majestatis gratia, 
Rectoriam ejusdem ecclesie collegiate, jure quo nescitur, hactenus et nunc per monacos 
ac abbatem monasterii collis victorie, ordinis Cisterciencium Tuamensis diocesis pre- 
dicte, sub colore unionis occupatam, propter quam infinite contenciones et discordie 
inter rebelles, diversis temporibus, emerserunt; in grave dampnum, depredacionem et 
depaupertacionem communitatis predicte ville Galvie, predicto collegio donari et uniri 
prememorati major, ballivi et communitas ferventer supplicant, postulant et requirant ; 
unacum perpetua unione et confirmatione omnium et singulorum beneficiorum, Jurium 
et pertinencium, que, jure ordinario vel alio quocunque modo, ad dictum collegium, 
devenerunt, pertinebant aut pertinere vel concernere debebant, principaliter et pre- 
cipue vicaria et quarta episcopalis ejusdem ecclesie Sancti Nicholai, cum desertuosis 
rectoriis et vicariis de Rahuyn, Maycollyn, et Foran more ac Rosqguam; necnon et aliis 
exiguiis vicariis de Cuayer, Kylcomyn, Meary predicte diocesis, eciam vicaria de Skryn, 
que omnis et singula queque, quite possessa, tam desertuosa, infructuosa et exigua 


sunt, et minime sufficiunt ad debitam sustentacionem eorum guardiani et vicariorum, 
suorumque 


232 


suorumque servitorum, adcoque propter inopiam, communem mensam quibusdam tem- 
poribus anni cos deserere oportct. Ea propter, non solum debitam confirmaciunem, 
corroboracionem ac perpectuam unionem omnium et singulorum terrarum, tenemente- 
rum, messuayiorum, rerum, reddituum, sensuum, et revercionum, ex conces=ienibus, 
sutfragiis, elemosinis aut legatis que eidem collegio, pro sua sustentacione aut augmen- 
tacione divini cultus in eodem, hactenus concessa, aut in posterum concedenda vel 
assignanda sunt per quoscunque. Verum eciaim ut loca sive monasteria in franchisiis 
dicte ville Galvie extra muros, in quibus fratres mendicantes consueverunt residere, 
jus sepulture, decimas. neque privilegia aliqua mendicantibus concessa haheant. new 
ullatenus habere valeant, nec servientes in eislem premissis de cetero gaudere presu- 
mant, immo cadem monasteria cum pertinenciis, pro capellis eidem collegio, et pro 
augmentacione il)! serviencium assignari, prefati major et communitas supplicant ac 
plurimum desiderant, ex uberiori autem gratia, de mera et largissima Regis excellen- 
cle liberalitate, in perpetuam clemosinam officium sue serenitatis, quod vulyariter 
dicitur fees, aut reversionem ejusdem, cum suis fructibus et pertinenciis, in ealem 
villa Galvie, completo saltim termino seu firma honesto viro Roberto Cowly, nuper 
mavistro Rotulorum Regis Cancellarie hujus regni Hibernie, inde dchita et assignata, 
pro augmentacione numeri, ac divini cultus, et sustentacione ampliori eyusdem Colle 
gil, assignari et graciose concedi, omni diligentia qua possint sue celcitudinis, ac leget 
fidelissimi oratores Regia majestatem cum fiducia, prelibati Major, ballivi, burgen- 
ses et comunitas sulicitant, supplicant et implorant, adeoyue servientes in dicto coi- 
legio, de die in diem, pro bono statu ac prosperitate Regie serenitatis predecessorum 
et successorum ejus, iinperpetuum, preces animose fundere valeant, eciam et coge 
rentur, ut quoque aures sue Majestatis potius premissis inclinarentur.”—Orig. 

King Henry VILL. died before the foregoing petition could be presented, It was 
afterwards re-directed, and presented to his suecessor, Edward VI, who thereupon 
eranted the charter, under which the warden and vicars hold to this day. 

It is stated in this petition, that the monks of the abbey de Colle Victorie, Knock- 
moy (fer which see Archdall’s Monaaticon, p. 266), possessed the rectory of the col- 
legiate church, “jure quo nescitur.? But the origin of the right has since been 
ascertained, and will be found in the following passage in our author's Ogygia, 
“Inter excerpta R. P. Francisei Brown Capucini é vetustis Patria indefatigahili cura 
undequaque quasitis membranis é seripto quodam poené vetustate exesu reperio 
Comitem de. Muntir-moroghow cum consensu Caroli Regis Connactia dedisse E. D. 
Abbati,& Conventui de Knockmuy Leamacuan Paqum in Clanterg ,.. 0... (1) Testi- 
bus pre-entibus Carolo Rege Connactia, E. D. filo ejus, C. Archiepiscopo Tuamensi, 
H. Epixcopo Anaghdunensi, L. Elfinensi, D. Comite Mazluirg., F. O. Flanegagn, D. 

Maccuiraghty, 


233 


Maccoiraghty, & T. Cormacain cantore.—(f.) Clanfergaile regiuncula 24 Pagorum, in 
qua nunc Galvia.”—Ogyg. p. 30. 


“ Dispensacio pro Nicholao Blake et Sescilia uxore ejus. 
“A.D. 1556. 


“ Universis sancte matris ecclesie filiis ad quos presentes pervenerint: Cristopho- 
rus, miseracione divina et Apostolice sedis gratia, Tuamensis archiepiscopus, Salutem 
in Domino sempiternam: Cum dilecti nobis in Christo Nicholaus Johannis Blak et 
Sescilia Lynche, layci dicte nostre diocesis, non obstante quod in pari quarto equali 
totidem dispari consanguinitatis gradibus attingunt, matrimonium in facie ecclesie, 
tempore preteriti scismatis contraxerunt, illudque carnaliter consumarunt, et prolem 
inde procreaverunt, unde nobis humiliter supplicarunt ut impossita eis penitencia 
salutari pro incestu jam comisso, et in eodem contracto matrimonio amplius legittime 
remanere valerent, prolem susceptam et suscipiendam legittimam decernendo: auc- 
toritate sedis Apostolice cum cis benigne dispensare dignaremur : Cum enim summus 
pontifex Paulus quartus Reginaldo, miseracione divina, sancte Marie in Cosmedin 
sancte Romane ecclesie prespitero cardinali, ac in regnis Anglie et Hibernie de latere 
legato, concessit ut cum talibus in eisdem regnis dispensare valeret: necnon etiam 
potestatem subdelegandi aliis prelatis in suis diocesibus eidem cardinali comisit. Cum 
enim nos eandem potestatem ab eodem cardinali in nostris diocesibus accepimus, cum 
prefatis Nicholao et Sescilia eadem auctoritate qua fungimur in hac parte dispensa- 
mus, et dispensatum esse declaramus per presentes, ut illis expressis impedimentis 
non obstantibus legittime amplius remanere valeant impossita eis penitentia salutari 
pro modo culpe, prolem susceptam et suscipiendam legittimam decernendo. Datum 
sub nostri sigilli testimonio, die Martii secundo, anno 1556. 

“ CRISTOPHORUS TUAMEN. 
‘* M. propria.” — Orig. 


“ Confirmacion by Richard Blake, of his Auncestors Gifts to the Colledge. 
“A.D. 1558. 


" Mem. that whereas the warden and corall viccaries of Galway apiered before 
and in presence of the maior and councill of Galway, and alledgeth how that on 
Richard Blake of the sam bourgees, dothe ussurpp and detainethe from them, certain 
yerly rents due unto them, upon certain lands and tenements legated to them be the 
sept of Blakes, to say, William, Cille, Henry,.Walter fitz-John yong, and Henry fitz- 
Thomas duf Blak, without assent, which rents the said Ric. holdeth wronguffully all 
theasse xv. yers paste, and therupon broght present, note onely thold donacconn and 

IRISH ARCH. SOC. 15. 2H deade 


234 


deade of the said Blaks, but also showth fourthe a decrey given in ther ffaivor. con- 
cerning the same rents, bearing date at Galway the rx." of January an" r. r. Henrici 
octavi primo, MDIX. together and an arbitrement made betuxt them and the said Bic. 
concerning the same mater, bearing date at Galway the x1." day of October an’ r. r. 
H. octa. XXXIIII. [1542] wherein the said Richard, his heirs and assignes, was con- 
dempned to pay unto the said wardean, viccaries and to ther successoures, the 
wholl quantitie and somes mencioned in the said old deade made and delivered by the 
said Blakes. And considering the sam in every condicon requiereth the mayor and 
concell aforsaid, not onely to compell the said Richard to restore unto them tharre- 
radgs of theass xv. yers past, but also and as well to compell the said Richard and 
his heires to seass from henstourth of his unjuste usurpasson in that behalf. The 
said Richard therunto answered and said, that altho the said mater to be alwais judgid 
and arbitird agenst him and against his fortathers, yet he afirmeth that in the sam 
arbitrement it was adwardid to him, to have suche pledge as the said wardian and 
vicarres had of him; and said also that he holdeth the sam anuall rents onely for his 
pledges, and not for any other contradiccon or contempt of his predecessoures dona- 
cions. And requiereth to have his said pledge, and, having the sam, he is content to 
contirm his forfather’s graunts, graunted to the said colladge, as well of him during 
his natural] lyf, as also of and trom his heirs and assigns for evermor. So the said 
wardian and viccariis consultid together, and be conssent of the mayor and consaill 
aforsaid, in awoyding fourther chardges or demaunds to ensue in that behalf, therfor 
imediately, the wardian and vicariis delivered unto thands of the said Blak, wholl 
payment and ffull satiystaccion in all his demaunds, to his owen deassir and full con- 
tentacon, And lyckwiss the said Richard, and his sonn and principall heir, John 
Blak, tendering the benediceon of ther predeccessours, and also fearing the malle- 
diccon and cours of ther said torfathers, which at ther wills might make ther franck 
xlmes (ad pias cuusas) and to thentent, that the said Richard and John, ther heirs 
and assigns, may be nombered amongest that rest of ther said predecessours, and to 
thazumenctacon of God’s divin servic, quotidially ussid in the said churche be the said 
wardian, viecariis and ther suceessours for ever mor. Ther for we the said Richard 
and John, of or owen voluntary wills, tor and in the honor of God, do hierby thease 
presents confirm, not onely all and singler our said forther’s graunts, donacons and 
witts, given to the said wardian and viecariis, and to ther suceessours, in ther owen 
kvnnds and in every condiccon, as in thold donaccons maketh mencon, within and 
without Galway, as the divicon is made, and as it is written be partialls in the said 
colladgs bowke; but also and as well we do giv and graunt unto the said wardian 
und vieeariis, and to their suceessours, all and singuler the said rents, as fower marks 


sterling 





235 


sterling yerly within and without Galway, upon the veray sam lands and tenements 
as mak mencon in the said colladge is bowke, any clames, titells, challandgs or rights 
that we have had, or that hierafter our heirs or assignis might have hadd, or of right 
ogt to have in any the said yerly rents, to the contrary notwithstanding. And lyck 
as our said predeccessours willed and comaunded us to obey and perform ther wills, 
upon payn of ther mallediccon or curs, lyckwiss we do chardge and comaund all or 
heirs, successours and assignis, into whoss hands any parte or parcells of the said lands 
or tenements cometh, to obey and performe this our donacon, ffrom tyme to tym, and 
pay the said anuall rents as in the said colladg bouk menconed, and this upon payn 
of our curss and mallediccons. Alwais requiering thordinary for the time beinge, to 
causs the sam to be observed, and lickwiss comaunding the maior for the tyme being 
to se the same put in execucon accordingly, upon payn menconed in the said old 
donacons. To have and to hold the said yerly rents perpetually for evermore, to the 
said wardian, vicariis and to ther successours, of and from us our heirs, executours 
and assignis for evermor be theass presents. In witnes hierof, we not only confirmid 
the said arbitrement with our hands, but also and for the more assuraunc set hier- 
unto our signis and sealls, and willid the notary to writ and sign the sam, at Galway 
the third day of Marche, annis r. r. Phi. et Marie quarto et quincto, MDLvmI°. Being 
present, the Reverend father in God Cristopher archebusopp of Tuamencis, Mr. Jamy 
Linch fitz-Ric. maior, Ric. and Walter Linch bailivis, Jamy Kyrevan and David 
Kyrewan proctouris of the said churche, Thomas Martin Johnneg and Nichas Linch 
fitz-Stephen, Thomas and Nichas Blak, and Thomas Colman Notary, and other divers. 
—per me, Richard Blake fyz-Sefre—per my, John Blake fyz-Rychard.”—Orig. 


“ Order touching Srowher, etc. 
““ A. D. 1569. 
“ By the L. Presydent and Counsell of Connaghte. 

“ Where as complaint hath bene made unto us by the Warden and Collegiatts 
of St. Nycholas churche of Galway, that John Boorke, nowe Cheryfe of Connaght, 
and Walter and Willm. Boourke fitz John fitz Meyller wrongfully dispossessed them 
ot the profitts and fruicts of the vicaradges of Srowher, Skryne in Tome, and Kenlagh 
(parcell of the lyvinge united unto their sayd colledge), pretending title there unto in 
the right and behalf of Sir John m“ Willm prest, Dermot O Rowan and John O Do- 
roghe: against whome the sayd Warden and collegiats produced an order before us, in 
the deffence of their title, passed and geven by Sir Thomas Cusak and others her 
Mat“ comyssioners; whereby it dose appeare that the sayd John m* Willm, Dermot 
O Rowane and John O Doroghe had not any lawfull title or intereste, in or to the 

2H 2 said 


236 


said premysses, and the above named deffendants, being also called, to answere before 
us, cowld shewe nothing matteriall to deffeat the same. We, therefore, after due 
hearing and examenyng of the matter, do confyrme and rattiffie the sayde order taken 
by the sayd Comyssioners, us just, and agreeing with equit & good conscyence. And 
also, do, by theis presents, order, adiudge adwarde and decree that the sayd John 
Boorke, sheryfe, and Walter und Willm. Boourke shall hensfourthe in no wyse inte- 
rupte or moleste the pls; of or in their quiet and peaceable possession and enjoying 
the vicarrodgs of Srowher, Skryne in Tome, and Kenlagh aforesayd, but shall suffer 
them or their assignes, in quiet and peaceable maner, to receve, perceive, and tak up, 
from tyme to tyme, all such fruicts, profyts and comodyties, whatsoever, to them 
helonging, without eny theire lett or ympechment. And further, it is orderd that 
the sheryfe, John Boorke, shall sattistie the sayd complaynents of or fur all things 
taken up by hym, synce the date of the above menconed order (which was takene the 
Vii. of January 1568.) savinge for such of the sayd profitts as he enjoyed by the graunt 
of John M* Willm prest, who served as currate in the sayd viccaradge of Skryne, 
(under the suyd pls.) being the iii.” parte of the profitts of the Benefice afure- 
suyd (and this in consyderacon of a contract made with the sayd John Boorke) 
whych wii." parte also he shall only have for the tyme paste, and hensfourthe shall 
torgoe and disclayme frome the whole, permytting the p". the quiet and peaceable 
possession & sysyne of the premysses, without his disturbance, so as the said p". viz. 
the Wardene and collegeats, and their successours, have not further cause to com- 
playne, Yeven at Gallway the x." of December 1569. 
* Concordat cum originali. 
"" JoHN Crortoy, Cons. Con."—Oneg. 


hé Tnquisittio of the Dutiesand Rights of St. Nicholas hia Churche, 
4. DD. 1609. 


w Vieu ffranei plegii of our Soveraigne 1. and kinge, James, in the wii" 
veare of his raigue of Englande, France and Irelande, and of Scotland the 
xhi. tacken before Oliver Brown mayor of the town of Galwey, Ni- 
cholas Ftreneh titz-Peeter, and Dominicke Browne, bailiffs of the same, 
by thinquisittione and outh of the persons following, tutelning such duties 
as belonzeth unto the parishe churche of Saint Nicholas in Gallwey afore 
salde, according the old ancient coustome. tuc out of mynde, used, tu 
be collected and taeken up by the Church Wardisue, tor the tyme being, 
towards the reparacione of the said church. viz. 

Vumine 





SB 


237 


“ Nomina Juratorum. 


- Ulicke Lynch fitz-Edd. of Gallwey, alderman. 

- Thomas Browne of the same, alderman. 

. Anthony Kirvane of the same, merchaunt. 

James Lynch fitz-Henry the younger of the same, merchaunt. 
. Arthur Lynch fitz-James of the same, merchaunt. 

. Patricke Blake fitz-John of the same, merchaunt. 

. Edmund Athie of the same, merchaunt. 

. Martine Lynch fitz-Martine of the same, merchaunt. 
. Arthur Bodkyne of the same, merchaunt. 

- Nicholas Martyne fitz-John of the same, merchaunt. 
. Christophor Bodkyne fitz-Richard of the same, merchaunt 
. Clement Kirvane fitz-Patrick of the same, merchaunt. 
- Martine Bige of the same, merchaunt. 

14. Teig Ballaghe of the same, showmaker. 

15. Gillepatricke m* Coghlane of the same, weawer. 

16. Dermott m' ffollane of the same, brogmakere. 

17. Willm O Many of the same, cottner. | 

18. Walter Shoy of the same, Taylour. 

1g. Nicholas Nolane of the same, Goldsmyth. 

20. Muriertagh M° Inylley of the same, Glower. 

21. Donnell O’Mollhane of the same, Cooper. 

22. Connor Duffe of the same, Fisherman. 

23. Davy O'Ffodaghe of the same, Boathmun. 

24. Loughlin of the same, fresh-water fisherman. 


oo ~3 AM Ww Nm 


Ó so 


— w- 
ge. =m 


ome 
to 


4, First, we fynde, that according the olde ancient custome, the heires or exec. of 
every gent. fremane, Burgesse or merchaunt of this towne, their wiffs or children, of 
what degree soever he or they be, that shall departe this worlde, is to deliver or pay 
unto the church wardain, towards the reparacon of the church aforesaid, the second 
hest garment (viz. gowne or cloke) he, or they soe departed had at the tyme of his 
death, or the value thereof, at the choies or discretion of the said heire or exec. 

“Ttem, we ffynd that all the comonaltie or laymen of the said towne, which hath or 
would have there buriull within the body of the said parish church, are to pay or de- 
liver the best cloacke or maunttell he or they soe departed had at the tyme of his death, 
or the just value thereof, to the church wardian, towards the reparacion aforesaid, or 


otherwise to be buried in the church-yard. 
“2. Item, 


238 


a. Item, we ffynd, that all and every vong artificer of the inhabitants of this towne 
or the subarbes thereof, viz'. as massons, carpenters, joyners, houppers, fresh watter 
and salt watter fishers, gold smythes, blake smythes, brassers or pott makers, tinckers. 
peatterers, English and Irish tayolors, Irish and English showmakers, glowers, weawers. 
and cottoners, with all and every other craft, science or trade what soever he or they be 
of, shall at his first coming to be free with the rest of his professed occupation, before 
he exercise, or occupie his arte, sattisfhe and pay unto the church wardeine, fiv shil- 
linges ster. towarde the reparacion aforesaid. 

“Item, we ffynde it convenient, that all and every such person or persons whatsoever 
from hence fourth, in this towne, as shall tacke chardge uppon hime or them to be 
masters of a buath, either by sea or river, shall sattisfie and pay, for his income te the 
church wardiane, fiv shillings ster. towards the reparacion aforesaid, excepting such 
fishermen as furmerlye paied the same. 

3. Item, we thynde it lickewise decent, that all and every such backers, as are at 
this present or hereafter shalbe in this towne, or the subarbes thereof, and chiefflye 
Walter Shoy, Humphrey Poinard, William -Reagh, Dermott O’Nolane and Moyller 
O’Hallorane, and ther successors backers, shall pay unto the church wardiane afore- 
said, towards the foresaid reparacone, the some of ffyve shillings ster]. yncome, apice. 
forbyding any other hereafter tu use or occupie that traid, without the special] liscence, 
and agreement of the said church wardian, and the rest of that company. 

“4, Item, we ffynde it meette, that Walter Costelly, Margrett Coocke widow, and 
Raffe the candell makers, shall pay unto the church wardian aforesaid, fiv shillings 
ster. the yire, to the use aforesuide; inhibiting any other what soever hereafter, to use 
or occuppie that trade, without the speciall liscence and agreement of the forsaid com- 
pany and church wardiane. 

sg. Item, we flinde in like manner, that Donnell m' Robage now tannere, and all 
others that is, or shalbe hereafter of that trade, shall according the rest of the artificers. 
sattistlig, and pay unto the church wardian aforesaid fyve shillings ster. apice, towards 
the reparacion aforesaid ; forbiding any other hereatter to use or occupie that trade 
without the liscence and agreement of the foresaid church wardiane, and the rest of 
that company of tanners. 

“6. tem, we ffynd, that in the old ancient tyine, it hath been used and acoustomed 
in this towne, that every manner uf persone or persones what soever, which did, or 
should brywe within this towne or the suborbes thereof, uille or beere to sell, should 
pay unto the church wardiane aforsaide, one pottell of the said beere or aille, fur every 
brywing: which we doe lickewise confirme and alowe hereby; And for that, in consi- 
deraciune as the same cannott be tacken up and reared by the church wardiane, we 


thinke 


239 


thinke it ffitt that every such brywer, shall at allhallontyd and May, by even portiones, 
yearlie for ever more hereafter, sattisfie and pay twelf penc a pice in liew of the said 
beere, towards the reparacion of the parish church aforsaid. 

“ 7. Item, we ffynde, that there is due to the church wardiane, towards the rapara- 
cion aforesaide, out of every vessell of acquvittir which is or shall be retaylled in this 
towne, one pinte thereof, so as allwaies the said vessell, exceede fower gallones; and if 
the same be a hogsett or a butte there is noe more due there uppon, which we doe 
lickewise confirme. 

“ 8. Item, we ffynd, that there is due to the church wardiane uppon any townsman, 
or merchaunt straunger what soever, which bringeth or procureth any shippe, or 
barke, be it great or small, into this towne or port of Gallwey, ladden with what co- 
modities soever, one peny for every tone of her said ladding; and also wine, salte, irone, 
Batry and Honny (for which there is two pence a tone due) to be collected by the 
church wardian duley, towards the raparacion aforesaid. 

‘*g. Item, we ffynd, that there is due to the church wardian three shillings four penc 
ster. upon the tatch house, next adioyning unto the great stone house, wherein now 
dwelleth John Nolane, belonging unto Marcus Duffe Lynch, which diew was left there- 
upon by Mr. Stephen Lynch fits-Arthur of Gallwey alderman deceased, towards the 
reparacion of the parish church aforesaid, to be yearlie collected and tacken up by the 
church wardian for the tyme being, for ever, at allhallontyde, per annum. 

“ 10. Item, we ffynde, that Nich's Blake of Gallwey aforesaid merchaunt, deceased, 
by his last will and testament, bequeatted and leifte towards the reparacion of the 
church aforesaid, to the church wardiane for the tyme beinge every allhallontyde for 
ever, outof the high tatch house, right against Peetter oge French fitz-Petter is mansione 
stone house, which thatch house is now in the possession of Richard Lynch fitz-James Roe. 

‘“‘t1. Item, likewise we ffynde, that Mr. Domnick Browne of Gallway alderman, de- 
ceased, by his last will and testament, leift towards the reparacion aforesaid, the some 
of three shillings and fower pence ster. to be yearlie received and taken up for ever, by 
the church wardian for the tyme beinge, out of the rent of the land called Athey 
Thomas reagh, in the west syde of Gallwey aforesaid. 

“12. Item, we ffynde, that by comone consent of all thinhabitants of this towne, it 
hath bene grauntted, and thereuppon acoustomed, that st all tymes, when any mas- 
sons or glassiers did, or hereafter shall, woorke uppon the parish church aforesaid, the 
wholle gents and merchaunts of the said town, are by tournes to fynd them diett, and 
the common or lay men to fynde woorkemen, or labourors during the said woorke. 

“13. Item, we ffynd, in like manner, that is acoustomed of ancient old tyme, that 
when there is any worke of reparacion or glassing uppon the said parish church, the 

wardiane 


240 


wardiane of the colladge and the rest of the viccars are to give the massons or glaseiers 
ther Breakfast, dually during the woorke, and if there be any great worke they are t.' 
dictt one masson altogether. 

* 14. Item, we ffynde, that every gent. merchaunt or free man of thinhabitanrs 
ought, of righte, acording the auncient use, to pay fower pence a pice at Easter, per 
ann. for their comonyone monney, both for him self, his wiffe, children and ffamyllie: 
and every householder of lay men or artificers, two pence a pice, towards the repara- 
cion aforesaid, and every yong man two pene a pec. 

a5. We the Jury, whose names are above written, doe by virtue of our oathe. 
ffynde, that all the forsuide diews and duties therein sett down, doth, of right accrord- 
ing as in the old ancient tyme it hath been used, belong and apperteyne unto the 
parish church of St. Nicholas in Gallway aforesaid, towards the reparacione thereof; 
the which, in owere consciences, we ffynde ought hence forth, for ever more, to be 
dully collected and taken up by the church wardiane for the tyme beinge, to the use 
aforesaide: and for that the same hath bene of late neglected, tu the great ruyane, 
deeaye and want of reparacione of the parish church, as well through the negligence 
of the forsaid chureh wardianes, as also of our magestrates not furwarding the same, or 
assisting them in the collection thereof; We think it henceforth meetter the same may 
be confirmed, and that the comune scale may be hereunto fixed as a president or mone- 
ment thereof. Wittnes our hands, the last day of October, Anno Domini 1609. 


* WintykK Linca, Foreman. Wittram O'Many Cottoner, is signe. 
ANTHONY KYROWAN, CoGHLIn LUDERAGH Fisher, is signe. 
PATRICK BLAKE. NICHOLAS NOLANE, 

ARTHUR LYNCH. EpmMcunp ATHIE. 


Davy O’Fowpy, Master of the Both- Cnuristo. Bopkin f. RICHARD. 
men at the Wood Key, is signe. MARKUS BIGE. 


WALTER SHoy. TrEGG BALLAGE, iy signe. 
Conor Durr, Master of the Fishers GELLY FATRYR w'CoGHLaN, is signe. 
of the See, ir signe. JAMES Lyscn FIT£-1ÍENRY. — Orig. 


Among the foregoing curious items, may be perceived some strong proofs of over- 
bearing municipal authority, and the monopolizing spirit ofthe time. But the reign of 
Janes J. was the eolden te of enopoly, That pernicious System appeurs to have 
prevailed to a large extent in Ireland; and to have reached even these distant western 


districts. Od this there are numerous evidences on reeerd, Thus, on t8 Feb. 19° Jac. 1. 
Robert Blake, Jetfry Lynch, Nicho. Martin, Jolin Bodkin, and Edmond Kerwane of 
Galway, 


241 


Galway, merchants, obtained a monopoly of the sale of good and wholesome wines there, 
during the lives of Richard Blake and Peter French.—Same to Martin, Richard, James, 
and Peter Darcy of Athenry, to make and sell aqua-vite or usquebagh during their 
lives.—Jd. On ist May, 17°. Jac. I. James Viscount Doncaster and his deputies, li- 
censed to keep taverns and sell wines, usquebagh, and aqua-vite in Ireland, for 22 
years. For several similar grants, see the Patent Rolls of James I. passim. On 7™ 
June 4°. Jac. L Sir Henry Folliott obtained a monopoly of the whole fishing and 
taking of salmon, herrings, and all other kinds of fish, for 41 years, in the ports, bays, 
creeks, or floods of Ballyshanan, Bondrois, and Callebeg. This grant extended to the 
counties of Donegal, Fermanagh, Leitrim, and Sligo—Jd. A treatise on Monopolies 
in Ireland would develope many curious historical facts. 


NOTE L. See page 39. “ Bourkes of Mayo County.” 


The genealogical account of “Bourke Viscount Mayo,” given in Lodge’s Peerage 
of Ireland, Ed. 1754, vol. ii. p. 313, is one of the most perfect pieces of family history 
contained in that work. Archdall, in his edition, A. D. 1789, has given the account 
entire, but divided into two portions. One will be found in his memoir of “ Bourke 
earl of Mayo,” vol. iii. p. 414; and the other in that of “ Bourke viscount Mayo,” 
vol. iv. p. 227. It may be observed that, although Archdall, in the latter account, 
has stated, that John the eighth (and last) Viscount Mayo died in 1767, “‘since when 
the title has lain dormant,” p. 249; and in the former that, “ John then earl of Mayo 
was, on 13th January, 1781, created viscount Mayo of Monycrower in the county of 
Mayo:” yet he afterwards mentions “Sir [ |_| Bourke, Lord Viscount of Mayo and 
Baronet,” as then (1789) living. That there were successive claimants for the title 
after the death of the eighth viscount, one of whom was living at that time, is certain, but 
want of means and other opposing circumstances have ever since prevented its esta- 
blishment; and, it is stated, that the same causes operate against the right heir to the 
present day. Lodge also mentions that Sir Theobald Bourke, the third Viscount 
Mayo, “had a son Luke,” who, according to the genealogist, “ died young.” —Vol. ii. 
p. 236, Ed. 1754. But this Luke was old enough to be a captain in the army, as the 
Editor has lately ascertained from his epitaph, yet remaining in an old chapel attached 
to a ruined abbey, within two miles of the ancient church of Ballynakill, in the parish 
of that name, barony of Leitrim, and county of Galway. ‘ Here under is interred 
Captain Luke Bourke, son to the Right Honorable Theobald Lord Viscount of Mayo, 
and D. Elynor Fitzgerald daughter to Sir Luke Fitzgerald, of Tier... han, who died 
the 10th of March, 1684.” This epitaph may be found useful, in case the title shall 
hereafter be claimed. 

IRISH ARCH. SOC. 15. 2 I O’Ferrall 


242 


O’Ferrall, in his MS. Book of Irish Pedigrees, preserved in the Office of Arms. 
Dublin, gives the following account of the founders of the different spreading branches 
of the “ Bourkes of Mayo County.” 

“é Sir William Burk, ancestor to the Viscounts Mayo, and the rest of the Burkes 
of that county. 

" His rst son, Edmond, called the Scott (Albanach) from his being in Scotland 
twenty-two years with his mother’s relations, She was daughter to the King af Scot- 
land. 

" and son, Richard, was ancestor to the Burkes, called Af‘ Walter of Lueck. 

" 3rd son, Jolin, ancestor to the Burkes, called Jfac Seonin (Jennings). 

é ath, Philip, ancestor to the Burkes, called .M” Philbin, or Philip, Gibbons, éc. 

"é John Miagh Burk (son of John the 3rd) was called Mac Seonin. 

* Gibbon (eldest son of Philip the 4th) was ancestor to the Burks, called from him 
Mae Gibbon. 

“ Philip (2nd son of Philip) a gwo the surname of Philips of the lower Owles ( Mae 
Philbin). 

" Theobald (grd son of Philip) a guo Sliochkt Tebott, of Magh-Odhar, near Creg- 
Patrick. 

“ Meyler (4th son of Philip) a guo Jlac Meyler. 

é“ Thomas, the sun of Edmond the Scot, was called f° William Eighter. 

“ His (Thomas's) eldest son was Edmond na Fepoige, also WM William Eighter. 

“ Walter (2nd son of Thomas) was ancestor tu the Burkes of Balenrobe, Lech 
Measg, Kinlogh. 

" Thomas (3rd son of Thomas), ancestor to the Burkes of Waine. 

* John (4th son of Thomas), ancestor to the Burkes of Turlogh. 

* Emon na feaoige a eldest son, Ulick Burke, was ancestor of Lord Viscount Mayo, 
and the Burkes of Partry, Ballycechan, &c. (Ballycechan is in the mountains of Partry.) 

* Richard Burke, of Cuaraky (2nd son of Amon na fesoige), was ancestor to the 
Burkes of Zyraly: some say he was the eldest son. 

From them also descended the families of Ballaghaddy (near Partry), Partry, 
Castlelecky, Ballyveghan, Castlebar, and Badlinrote. 

é Walter Fada Burke was ancestor of the Burkes of Purtry.” 

Compare the foregoing with Hib, Dominicana, pp. 318, 349. 

It may be necessary here to observe that most of these Mayo families write their 
name Bourke. The Galway families, Burke. 


NOTE 


2 43 


NOTE M. See page 40. ‘‘ Order of Hermits of St. Augustine.” 


The following deed of endowment of this foundation, A.D. 1517, is preserved in 
the Collegiate Library of Galway, before referred to. 

“ Sciant presentes et futuri, quod ego Ricardus Edmundi De Burgo dedi, concessi 
et hac presenti carta mea confirmavi Ricardo Nangle, sacre pagine professori, ordinis 
heremitarum Sancti Augustini, ac patri Donato O’Maille priori ejusdemque conventui 
monasterii nove ville Galvie, ejusdem ordinis Sancti Augustini, eorumque successori- 
bus in dicto monasterio degentibus, de consensu et consilio Reverendissimi in Christo 
patris ac domini, domini Thome Dei gratia pro tunc archiepiscopi Tuamensis, in puram 
et perpetuam elemosinam, Ecclesiam meam parochialem de Roskam, Enachdunensis 
diocesis, cum cimiterio ex parte occidentali muri ejusdem ecclesie, cum quadam parti- 
cula terre sita prope dictam partem occidentalem, vulgariter nuncupatam Tirnahalle, 
prout mete et bunde undique docent et proportant, viz. in latitudine usque ad magnos 
lapides occidentalis partis de Tyrnahalle, et in longitudine a mari superius usque ad 
murum prope silvam, cum alia magna sacerdotali terra vulgariter nuncupata Gort in 
tagart, prout mete et bunde undique docent et proportant, per longum et latum prout 
se extendunt; cum libertate pascuale octo vaccarum et sex caballorum, pro anima mea, 
parentum successorumque meorum: habendum et tenendum predictam ecclesiam cum 
suo cimiterio, Tyrnahalle et Gort in tagart, cum pascuali libertate predictarum octo 
vaccarum et sex caballorum, cum omnibus suis emolumentis, obvencionibus et perti- 
nenciis prefatis, dictis prior! conventuique prefati novi monasterli, suisque successo- 
ribus et assignatis suis, qui pro tempore fuerint, de me, heredibus et successoribus seu 
assignatis meis, imperpetuum; de capitalibus dominis feodi illius, per servicia ecclesias- 
tica, et ordinis suffragia recompensando. Et ego vero prefatus Ricardus de Burgo, 
heredes, executores et successores seu assignati mei, predictam ecclesiam cum suo 
cmiterio, Tyrnahalle et Gort in tagart cum prefato libertate octo vaccarum et sex 
caballorum, omnibusqte suis pertinenciis prefatis dictis priori et conventui, eorum- 
que successoribus, qui pro tempore fuerint, contra omnes gentes warantizabimus et 
imperpetuum defendemus. In cujus rei testimonium, huic presenti carte mee, ob de- 
fectum sigilli proprii, sigillum domini Henrici Brangan, pro tunc Wardiani ecclesie 
collegiate ville Galvie, apponi feci. Hiis testibus presentibus, viz. Roberto fusco 
Lynche, Johanna Martyn ejusdem uxore, Jacobo White, Johanne M“ Kyachra et Me- 
monia Myleyn, et multis aliis. Datum, Galvie, xvii°. die mensis Julii, anno regni Regis 
Henrici octavi nono, et Domini M.D.XVIIL—Et nos Edmundus confirmamus manu 
propria.—Et nos dominus Thomas Tuamensis Metropolitanus, hanc concessionem fac- 
tam aprobamus, admittimus, et manu nostra propria confirmamus. Thomas Tuamen. M. 

“ Et nos Edmundus confirmamus, manu propria.”—Orig. 

212 NOTE 


244 


NOTE N. See page 41, note’. ‘*Sir Charles Coot.” 


By letters patent dated 13th May, 1645, Sir Charles Coote, knight and baronet, “in 
consideration of his courage, wisdom and circumspection,” was appointed to the office 
of Lord President of the province of Connaught, ‘‘in as full and ample manner as Sir 
Charles Willmott, late Lord Viscount Willmott of Athlone, the Lord Viscount Rane- 
lagh, or the late Earle of Clanricarde, had or enjoyed the same.” To this appointment 
were annexed certain curious Instructions, which will be found enrolled on * Crom- 
well’s Roll,” No. 1, preserved in the Rolls Office, Dublin. 


NOTE O. See paye 42, note ‘. 

The following “ State letter” affords ample testimony that there were active trar 
tors, within the walls of this devoted town, during the siege : 

“ Dublin Castle, 20%. May 1656. 
"" GENT. 

‘The Council having, of late, received large testimony of the singular good ser- 
vices performed by Mr. Dominick Bodkin, Mr. Nicholas Oge French, and Richard 
Kircan (inhabitants of the towne of Galway) for and in behaulfe of the English 
interest during the late Rebellion, not a little conducinge (as we are informed) to the 
advantage of the state, though (tis probable) they had, by such their ample testifieing 
of their affeccions to the English, prejudiced their private interests, and contracted s 
malice (from those of their own naccon, among whom they are now to live) which 
may prove dangerous to them. Their lordships have therefore thought fitt, hereby 
to recommend the consideration of their meritts unto you, that finding the same to 
bee as hath been alledged, you may in your proceedings (in the determining of their 
respective qualifications and claymes) afforde them what convenient dispatch you 
may, with such just and reasonable favour, as may be conceived meete and agreeable 
to your instructions for a reward and encouragement of well doing. Yours Tao. 
IIERBERT.—— [o the Commissioners for adjusting the claymes of the Irish, at Ath- 
lone."—Original Privy Council Book, A.D. 1656. 

These men were, accordingly, well reeompensed for their “singular good services.” 
Thomas Lynch Fitz-Ambrose, Matthew Browne, and Licutenant Charles Browne, 
also received ample rewards.—ZIist. Galway, Append. VY1.; and one Julian Browne, 
who performed the part of Rahab on the oecasion, also received her reward. 


NOTE P. See page 43. note 3. "" Lough Lurgan, the Bay of Galway.” 


In our author’s Ogyg. p. 164, an old Irish poem is quoted for the * three most an- 
cient lakes of Ireland,” one being Lough Lurgan, the present bay of Galway. This 


poem 


245 


poem, which begins, “‘Qloam atop pnue an pluag,” Adam, father, stream of our 
hosts,” has by some been attributed to Aingus Ceile De, who flourished about A. D. 
800; and by others to Aingus Roe O’Daly, who died in A.D. 1350. See O’Reilly’s 
Irish Writers, p. 97. But our author in the passage referred to says, that in place of 
Lough Lurgan, another antiquary has Lough Lumny, a lake in Desmond (for which 
see Keating's Hist., lib. i); and adds ““iste lacus longo post tempore legitur proru- 
pisse,” for which he refers to the Book of Lecan, fo. 284. He then hazards a conjec- 
ture respecting Lough Lurgan, viz. that, perhaps, it was formerly separated, by land, 
from the sea,” “‘ qui quondam /ortasse firma terré a salo discretus, donec,” &c., until 
the Western Ocean overcame the barrier, of which the three islands of Aran seem to 
be the remnant. This conjecture was probable, and the situation and appearance of 
those islands, with respect to the main land, would seem to support it, but no such 
circumstance is recorded; notwithstanding which, the writer, in Hist. Galway, pp. 4, 
319, has incautiously asserted, that the separation alluded to had been actually men- 
tioned by our ancient annalists. But he has since ascertained that such is not the 
fact ; and therefore, whether Lough Lurgan, or the bay of Galway, had at any period 
of time been separated from the ocean, must ever remain matter of conjecture, for his- 
tory is entirely silent on the subject. 

The mountains of Burren, in the north of the County of Clare, shelter this bay 
on the south, as far as Black Head, called in Irish Ceann Oéipne, i.e. the head of 
Burren. Towards the east of Burren, near an arm of the bay, and south of Galway 
town, are the ruins of Corcumroe abbey (Corcumdhruadh), for which see Archdall’s 
Monasticon, p. 44. It was so called, because, when built, A. D. 1194, the territory of 
Corcumroe comprehended the present barony of Burren. It was also called the 
“ Abbey of Burren.” See the Annals of Innisfallen, at A. D. 1267, which state, that 
Connor na Sudaine O’Brien, Prince of Thomond, was interred in the ‘* Abbey of the 
East of Burren.” Also in Cathretm Toirdhealbhaigh, or the ‘‘ Wars of Thomond,” com- 
piled A.D. 1318, it is stated, that he was interred in the “ Monastery of Kast Burren,” 
and that the monks raised a monument over his remains—‘ Ogup ovo h-adlacad a 
mamipoep oiptip Óoinne so h-uvapol onónac é, ag na mancuib, agur bo togbavon a 
lia op aluide.” Dutton, in his Statist. Survey of the County of Clare, p. 325, note, 
states that “Some giddy young gentlemen amused themselves with mutilating some 
part of this ancient monument.” Several acts of a similar nature have been recorded, 
during the last three centuries, in Ireland. 

Near this is the island of Muckinish, Muiciny, containing the ruins of two old cas- 
tles, which formerly belonged to the O’Loughlins, chieftains of Burren. One of these 
castles, called Shan-Muckinish or Ballynacregga, has been lately repaired, and is now 


im 


246 


in good preservation. The other, Muckinish Noe, or New Muckinish, lies a little to 
the cast of Ballynacregga, and close to the shore of Pouldoody bay, so well known four 
its extensive oyster beds. This castle is now in ruins. In A.D. 1585, Uaithne or 
Owny O'Loughlin of the castle of Gregans, otherwise "the O'Loughlin,” was chief of 
his name. From this castle the district of Burren was originally called the Barony 
of Gregans, See the Division of Connaught, A. D. 1586, in Brit. Museum. Cotton, 
Titus B. xiii. fo. 399. Charles O'Loughlin, Esq. of Newtown Castle, in the parish of 
Drumerechy, is now * chief of his name; or, as he is commonly called in the district, 
* King of Burren.” See the Annals of the Four Masters, at A.D. 1584, for an ac- 
count of the capture of Torlogh O'Loughlin, on Jae-inis, and of his having been put 
to death at Ennis, by Captain Brabazon; and the same Annals, at A. D. 1582, for this 
captain's services against the Irish of Mayo, where “ he destroyed the whole territory.” 
These “ services” are not noticed in the * Genealogical History of the Family of Bra- 
bazon,” printed at Paris, gte. A.D. 1825. 

A little to the west of the abbey of Corcomroe, near the “ New Quay,” lies Fin- 
varra, in Irish Fióna beana, a rising little town, which may be seen trom the oppo- 
site or north side of the bay. Near it is a monument, erected to Donogh More OU’ Daly, 
afumous Irish poet, “ In this district formerly lived the O’Dalys, a celebrated bardic 
family, several of whom first came to the county of Galway in the time of Teige 
Roe O'Kelly, on his marriage with Ranalt O'Brien. In A. D. 1514, Teige O'Daly, 
professor of poetry, who maintained a house of general hospitality, died at Finvarra, 
and was interred in the mouastery of Corcomroe.—Four Masters. A shurt distance 
south of Finvarra point, on the shore of the bay, lie the scattered fragments of the old 
castle of Guile in bheacam (now called Ballyvaughan), taken by Sir Henry Sidney on 
his route from Limerick to Galway, in A.D. 1569.—Four Masters. Westward, 
between this and Black Head, Ceann boipne, are the ruins of leann Eroneac, 
Glaniny. Both these last-mentioned castles are noticed in the MS. in the British 
Museum, Titus B. xin, already referred to. ‘The coast to the westward from Glaniny 
Castle to Black Head is steep, and is the only place of shelter for men-of-war within 
Galway Bay.—See Nimmo’s Piloting Directions, p. 171, for a description uf the north 
and south shores and inlets of this extensive bay. 


NOTE 0. See page 45, note ".  “ Juyce Country—The Shoyes.” 


Joye Country, in [rich “fath Seorgsheoch, 1¢. the district or inheritance of the 
Shoyes or Joyees, is the name by which the mountainous barony of Ross, in ar-Com- 
naught, is still frequently called. See the © Genealomies, Tribes, and Customs of 
Hy-Fiachrach,” published by the Irish Archaological Society, A. D. 1844, P- 334. 

where 


247 


where the Seoaigh or Joyces of West Connaught, ‘“‘Seoag 1an¢ain Chonnaéz,” are 
enumerated among the Welsh tribes, who, according to that authority, came to Ireland 
in the time of Dermod Mac Murrogh, King of Leinster. But these tribes did not settle 
in the western parts of Ireland until the century after. The Shoyes or Joyces settled 
in the district of Partry, west of Lough Mask, under the O’Flaherties, about the 
middle of the thirteenth century; although the O’Flaherties themselves had no juris- 
diction there, or any where west of Lough Corrib, until after A.D. 1235: “The Joyes 
depended upon the O’F laherties, and were always contributory with (to) them, and did 
usually yield them risings out.” —Jnguis. A. D. 1607, quoted in Hist. Galway, p. 100. 
A paper in the British Museum, “‘ On the present State of Connaught,” signed Coniers 
Clifford, and others, about A. D. 1596, states: “The Joies are followers to the O’Fla- 
herties, and depend much upon Sleight Ulicke Bourke.” On this passage there 
occurs the following marginal note, made, as I conjecture, by Sir Richard Bingham, 
Governor of Connaught: “ Theis are still in action of rebellion.” —Titus, B. xii, The 
name of this tribe has undergone various orthographical changes to reduce it to an An- 
glicised form. Thus we find it written, Yoes, Joes, Joas, Jose, Josse, Joy, Joyes,Joyce*.— 
A.D. 1501, William Shioy or Joy, was archbishop of Tuam, Ware; 1507, William 
Josse, bailiff of Galway; 1542, Henry Jose, Mayor there; 1629, Andrew Joes, merchant 
there.—Annals. As a curious instance of the prejudice of the “ old English” inhabitants 
of that town against the ‘“ mere Irish,” it has been observed that none of the O’Fla- 
herties ever held, or would be suffered to hold, any office therein, because they were 
of the mere Irish; but their followers, the Joyces, were admitted to every civic employ- 
ment, because they were of British extraction. 

In the Records of the Herald’s Office, Dublin, vol. x., there appears a pedigree or 
genealogical account of the Joyces, professionally compiled by “ Daniel Molyneux, 
King at Arms in the Kingdom of Ireland,” for a Mr. Gregory Joyes, who died at 
Madrid, A.D. 1745. Although this pedigree is stated to have been compiled “ex 
antiquis monumentis, approved of by said Daniel Molyneux, Father Francis Browne, 
of the order of St. Francis” [certainly a learned man, for whom see Ogyg. p. 30], “ who 
was well versed in the genealogy of the families of Galway, and Peter Albert de 
Launay, first King at Arms in Belgium,” yet it is mostly fabulous, and bears inter- 
nal evidence of gross fabrication. Its exordium, and a few of the early generations, 
may suffice to shew what value should be attached to that document. 


“© Pernobilis 


a It may still be traced in “ Villers Saint Josse,” ciently called Armoric Gaul. 
and ‘‘ Josse-Sur-Mer,” in that part of France an- 


248 


é Pernobilis et Pervetusta Joyseorum familia, in Geneologia Domini Gregorit Joyes. 

“ Majores Joyseorum orti sunt in Anglia, familia veteri et honorabili, atque a 
Regibus Wallie. ut colligitur ex antiquis monumentis approbetis a Domino Daniele 
Molineux, Armorum Rege in regno Hibernie, et a Reverendo Patre Francisco 
Browne ordinis Sancti Francisci, bene versato in genealogia nohilium familisrum 
Galviensium, item Dominus Petrus Albertus de Launay, Eques Auratus, nobilis 
ordinarius Domus Regia, et Primus Armorum Rex Provincialis Belgio, pro suo 
Majestate Catholica, sub titulo Brabantia, fidem facit et attestatur Bruxellis octavo 
Mail Anno 1666, familiam Joyeseorum esse antiquam et nobilem similiter. Dominus 
Jacobus Wareus, Eques Auratus et Regie Majestati a conciliis secretioribus in regno 
Hibernia, in comentario de presulibus Hiberniw, a prima conversione gentis Hiber- 
nice ad fidem Christianam ad nostra usque tempora, refert, quod in seculo 14° Emi- 
nentissimus Thomas Jotse (recte Joraey vel De Jorse) fuit Cardinalis S. Sabina, et 
quod Walterus Joise ordinis preedicatorum (frater dicti Thome et Cardinalis) fuis 
consecratus Archiepiscopus Armachanus in [ibernia, a Nicholao Cardinale Ostiensi, 
ut ex Bulla Clementis V. data 8 Idus Augusti Pontificatus sui 2, inter Archives 
Turris Londinensis asservata, liquet; et quod forte is idem fuit Walterus Anglicus 
quem Raphael Vollaterranus Commentariorum Urbanorum libr. 21, Edwardi Regis 
Anglie fuisse confessorem, et Genue in Italia sepultum asserit. Archiepiscopatum 
is resignavit, 16° Novembris, Anno 1311. Hie sex habuit fratres ulterius, qui omnes 
ejusdem fuerunt ordinis pradicatorum. Rolandus de Jotse Dominicanus itidem et 
dicti Walteri frater germanus, consecratus est archiepiscopus Armachanus. Is porto 
Archiepiscopatum se abdicavit, Martii 20° anno 13215.” 

“1. Dominus Thomas Joyes, ex stirpe Regis Britannia sive Wallie, aut Angha, 
appulit in Hibernia Tuamoni, duxit sibi in uxorem ilustrissiinam dominam Honoram 
O'Brien, ex semine illustrisdnú domini O'Brien istius provincie principis. Inde, 
classe sua trajiciens mare in oecidentalem partem Connaciw, habuit ex ea super mari 
filium; quem, quia super mari natus fuit, Mae Marah, id est filium maris, nuncupe- 
vit. Hie loci ixtius principatum = tenens, varias terrarum partes istlus provincia 
occupavit, quas ad hee usque tempora posteri ejus hereditarunt. Ab aliis etiam 
alterius filit Mae Thomas nomine multa pradia, multa loca publica multos montes 
nominavit; que etiam nune ab incolis occidentalis Connacia iisdem nominibus plus- 
quam sexcentis annis appellantur. 

* 2. Dominus Mae Marah Joyes, sen tilius maris, aliquot post annos, defuncto 
patre, duxit in uxorem, alterius istius nomine occidentalis Connatix principis, OF ia- 
herty, filiam, Herede ibi relicto, fillisyue als et filiubus, reversus est in Tuamoniam, 

ubi 


249 


ubi, mortua prima uxore, secundam sibi accepit dominam Dorotheam, illustrissimi 
domini O’Neillan filiam, ex qua filios et filias genuit, ita ut in magnum numerum ejus 
crevisset. Dominus Mac Thomas Joyce, filius secundus post filium maris natus, sibi 
loca varia assumens, simul cum hereditate sibi a patre et fratre relicta, ex uxore sua 
alfera principis O'Flaherty filia, habuit prolem, crevitque in gentem maximam claris- 
simorum virorum, qui preclaris suis virtutibus bellicis, ad hec usque bella, qui 
plurimos Hibernos funditus delevére, suas ditiones, suas hereditates et splendorem 
retinuere. 

é 3. Dominus Gulielmus Joyes, ex stirpe filii maris et prime uxoris, orlundus, 
in oris Galvie sese conferans, uxorem duxit Agnetam, ex nobilissima Moriceorum 
familia. Versus Italiam, Neapolim et Romam, deinde in Greciam navigans, captus 
est a Saracenis, et ductus in Africam. Ibi septem annos commoratus est. Deinde 
Barbarorum manus effugiens in Hispaniam impulsus fuit, ubi preclaree ejus virtutes 
celitus remunerabantur : nam monitus indicio aquile supervolantis et demonstrantis 
locum thesaurum invenit incredibilem. Domum inde reversus, menia urbis Gal- 
viensis, ecclesias et alia sedificia extrui curavit. Demum cum ei dicta uxor Jacobum, 
Henricum et Robertum peperit, plenus meritis vitam cum morte commutavit; et 
sepultus est in monumento quod sibi et suis posteris erigendum curavit, in celebri 
fratrim minorum conventu Galvie. 

‘4, Dominus Jacobus Joyes, preclare indolis vir, junctus in matrimonio fuit 
pernobili matron, domine Christiane French; ex qua unum tantum filium, Johan- 
nem suscepit. Dominus Henricus Joyce, natu secundus, uxorem sibi assumpsit 
nobilissimam dominam Catherinam Browne eximii domini Thoma Browne, Athen- 
riensis aliquando Vicecomitis, filiam. Ex qua, cum liberos non suscepisset, patriam 
curam supra fratris sui hereditatem adhibuit, alias sibi atque alias hreditates com- 
parando maximas; quas postquam Vicetenentis Regis, et pretoris sive gubernatoris 
comitatiis Galviensis officio perfunctus est, instante morte, primo nepotum suorum, 
simul cum sua hereditate quoad partem reliquit, reliquam hereditatis partem alios 
inter nepotes divisam, et ad ecclesias reficiendas ornandasque testatus est, sepultusque 
est cum suis.” 

To the foregoing corruptions of history, and much moreejusdem farine, here omitted, 
the following high official testimonies are annexed. ‘‘ Omnibus et singulis ad quos 
presentes pervencrint, Ego Chichester Fortescue Eques Auratus, Ulster Rex Armorum, 
et principalis Heraldus totius Hibernie, salutem: Sciatis quod Ego predictus Rex 
Armorum potestate et authoritate a Regia Majestate, sub magnosigillo Hibernie, mihi 
concessé, certiores vos facio, quod, &c. In cujus rei testimonium, nomen titulumque 
meum hisce adscripsi, et sigillum meum officiale apposui. Dublinii die decima 

IRISH ARCH. SOC. NO. 15. 2K septima 


250 


xeptima mensis Decembris, anno Domini milesimo, septingentesimo nonagesimo. By 
the Lord Lieutenant and General Governor of His Majesty’s Kingdom of Ireland. 
WESTMORELAND. At the humble request of Sir Chichester Fortescue Kant. &c- 
Given under our hand and scal of Arms at His Majesty’s Castle of Dublin, the 1" day 
of January, 1791. 
“[Signed] R. Hosparr.” 

It may be necessary here to observe, that the family in question did not stand in 
need of this fubricated account of its origin and descent. These will be found 
fuithfully detailed in Mac Firbis’s great collection of Irish Genealogies, preserved in 
the library of the Royal Irish Academy, Dublin. See also the ‘Genealogies, Tribes, 
and Customs of Hy-Fiachrach,” p. 325. To this day the Joyces retain some of the 
yreat characteristics of the ancient Irish. ‘* Populus magnus sicut Gigantes, procere 
homines stature, et fortissimi.”— Usser. in Primord. p. 726. See also Irish Min- 
strelsy, vol. L, p- 332: Lond. 1831. 


NOTE R. See page 46, note*. ‘“ Edmond Burk.” 


On 29" Oct. A.D. 1327, this Edmond * Burk” or De Burgo (after the death of 
his father the Red Earl) and Walter, the son of William De Burgo (which Walter is not 
mentioned by Lodge) were appointed to the offices of justices of the peace in the 
counties of Connaught, Tipperary and Lymerick, with power to protect the lands of 
Richard late Earl of Ulster in those counties. —Rot. Pat. 20 Edw. IL, for which see 
Calendar of the Patent Rolls, Ireland, p. 33, N° 18. And on 5 Sept. A.D. 1333, the 
same Edmond, three months after the murder of his nephew William third Earl of 
Ulster, at Carrickfergus, obtained a grant of all the lands and possessions of the said 
earl William, in Connaught, during the minority of his heir (Eliz. afterwards wife of 
Lionel Duke of Clarence) rendering therefore, to the Exchequer, £200 yearly. And 
a writ of diberart facias thereupon issued, directing Roger de Flete, Seneschal of Con- 
naught, to deliver unto him the possession of the same—Rot. Pat. 8 Edw. IIL See 
the same Calendar of Patent Rolls, p. go. N°. 119. This writ was the cause of his 
death, and also that of the Seneschal, de Flete, as related by our author. 

In Hibernia Dominicana, p. 224, the following entry is given from the archives of 
Athenry. * Obitus Domini Edimndi de Burgo, Mac an Iarla, qui in Saccum immissus 
fuit ¢ Clavetro Fratrum de Roba, & submersus in Lacn Mask per Vac-Padin, & alios 
de Roba, Anno Domini 1887.” Brief as this entry is, it varies in three points 
from the account given by our author. [t is moreover stated, note (*) that the victim 
was called * Edimundus na Fiesoga, i. é. Barhatús,” Arcehdall has here added error 
to error.—Monast. p. 405. See the annals of Clonmacnoise, and those of the Four 
Masters, for their accounts of the transaction, A.D. 133%. 

cf 


251 


Of the ‘‘ Fryer’s House of Balinrobe,” mentioned by our author, p. 47, Ware is silent; 
wherefore Archdall, in Monast. p. 495, says of it, “when or by whom founded is not 
recorded.” But, in a description of the County of Mayo by Robert Downing, A. D. 
1684, preserved in MS. in the library of Trinity College, Dublin, it appears, that in 
“the now Shire Town called Ballinrobe, taking its name from the River or Rivillett, 
(the Robe, in Irish, Rodhba) is the ruins of an auncient Augustinian Mindicant Friery 
or Priory, built by Tutallus [Cuatal] O’Maly, lord of the Owles, in the Reigne of 
Brianus Boruvius King of Ireland, about the beginning of the Eleventh Century. 
There was likewise a small abbey or cell of the Joanitar, called Taghown or St. John’s 
House, now altogether gone to ruine; and a small cell called Kilcrava, it was a small 
House of Nunns.” Their possessions appear to have been few. On 2nd July, 1608, 
Thomas Nolan of Ballinrobe, gent. obtained a grant by patent, of the four quarters of 
land in Ballinrobe, for ever.—Rot. Pat. 15°. Jac. I. p. 1. 

This Thomas Nolan, before the date of the above grant, resided at “the Crevaghe,” 
now called Creagh, in the barony of Kilmain and Co. Mayo. In the Indenture of Com- 
position for that county, A.D. 1585, which see, Appendix I, it was provided that 
he should have the castle of the Crevaghe, and 3 quarters of land thereto adjoining, 
free from the Composition rent, “in respecte of his sufficiencie to act as a Clerke in 
the said Countrey.” This provision may be taken as a proof of the low state even 
of elementary education in the West of Ireland, at that period. To this may be 
added, as a matter merely coincident, that the next grantee of those very lands in 
the succeeding century, under the Act of Settlement, was Mr. James Cuff, ancestor 
of the late Baron Tyrawley, and of the present proprietor of the Crevaghe, whose 
first appearance here was in the capacity of clerk or secretary to Cromwell’s Commis- 
sioners of Transplantation to Connaught, as appears by the following order: “ By 
the lo. Deputy and Councill. It is ordered that Mr. James Cuff be and is hereby 
appointed secretary to Sir Charles Coote, and the rest of the Commissioners appointed 
and nominated in a commission bearing date this day, for the setting out of lands to 
the transplanted Irish and inhabitants of Connaught and Clare. Dated at Athlone, 
the 16th June, 1655. T. H. C. C.".—Orig. Council Book, Dublin Castle. On 12th April 
following, Mr. Cuff was himself appointed a Commissioner of assessment for Mayo, (Jd.) 
where he afterwards acquired considerable grants of forfeited lands, and among others, 
of the town and manor of Ballinrobe, forfeited by the descendants of Thomas Nolan. 

The above Thomas Nolan was one of the first “ English Tavern” Keepers in Con- 
naught. When the old Irish Biataghs (see Stat. Kilkenny, p. 4,) and “ houses of 
hospitality” ceased, they were : ucceeded by “ English inns” or taverns. On 21st De- 
cember, A. D. 1616, a license was granted to “ John Coman of Athlone, merchant, and 

2K2 Thomas 


252 


Thomas Nolan of Ballinrobe, esq. to keep taverns, and sell wines and spirituous liquors. 
The former in Loughrea and all Galway co. except the town and perish of Athenrie. 
the town of Galway, and the barony of Kilconnell; also, in the town of Burrysowle. 
and in the baronies of Moriske, Burrysowle, Irrus, Costellagh, and Gallen in Mayoco., 
in Athlone, in Roscommon and Westmeath co’., in Ballymote and all Sligo co. except 
the town of Sligo, in Ballintobber and all Roscommon co. except the baronies of Ath- 
Jone and Boyle, and the towns of Ardcarne and Elffin.—To the latter in the town of 
Callow, and in the whole barony of Kilconnell, and in the town and barony of Kilmaine 
in Mayoco. during their own lives, and those of Barnaby Coman brother of John, of 
Jolin Nolan son of Thomas, of Peter Nolan, son of Richard Nolan late of Athlone, 
merchant, deceased, and of Jane or Jennet Coman daughter of the said John.” Ra. 
Pat. 14° Jac. I. p. a. d. N°. 58. ‘This was one of the extensive Monopolies granted at 
that period, for more of which sce ante, p. 240. 


NOTE 5. See page 52, note’. "' Moycullin barony—Gnomore, Grobeg.” 


In the document before referred to, p. 44, note *, preserved in the British Museum, 
and entitled the “ Division of Connaught, A.D. 1586,” Titus B. xiii. fo. 399, this barony 
is described as follows: * The barony of Muckullen, containing Cosarg [Coi-paipge], 
Gnovore, Guoheg, Loghcurb and Keildromedirge, 20 myles long, 20 broad; and is, after 
this rate, plowlands s. Murrogh ne doe chief in the same.—DParishes 6, viz. Vicarages 
of Rahune, Killaen, Galway, Muckullin, Kylcumayne, Killinkelogh.—Gentlemen and 
castles (20) viz. Rory O'Flahairte of Muykullen ; Murrogh ne due of Nowghe and of 
Achneuir (Aghnenure) Thomas Colman, Mynlagh(.Venlo); Jonick O’Halorane, O"hery; 
Owen O'Halorane, Bearne: (Barna) Domynick Lynche, Tyrellan; Rollond Skeret, 
Short Castle: (Cuadegar) Donell oge O?Hologhan, Qwarown Brown (Carrowérown); 
W™. & Redinond M' W™. Fhegh, Kellyn; Redmond M* Thomas, Ballymuritty: Red- 
mond Reogh, Ballindully; Richard Beg, Cleynecanyn; Darby Augny, Ly sacowly ; 
John Blake fitz-Ricard, Kiltullagh; John Blake titz-Ricard, Kiltorog; Thomas Blake, 
Buallemicro; Thomas and John Blake, Turlagh ne sheamon; Muriertagh O’Conor, Tul- 
lekyhan; Martyn Lyneh, New Castle.”— Much of the topographical information con- 
tained in the foregoing document, could not be procured elsewhere, at the present day. 
All the castles, with the exception of that of Menlo, the residence of Sir Valentine 
Blake, baronet, are now in ruins. 

The barony of Moycullen was created A. 1D. 1585; and it was so called from the 
castle, which was itself named from Vagh, a plain or field, and Linn, mentioned 
ante, p. §2, note (z). It was formed of the two ancient territories of Gnomore and 


(rnobeg. 


253 


Gnobeg, for the origin of which, see Ogyg. p. 387, ‘“‘Gnomore et Gnobeg duo fili 
Lugadie,” &c., and Mac Firbis’s Book of Irish Pedigrees, “ bona vealbnuib,” 7c. 
O’Dugan, in his topographical poem before referred to, p. 143, states, that in the 
twelfth century, Mac Conraoi was chief of Gnomore, and O’Heyny chief of Gnobeg. 


“Meg Connaor nerd vo saban Mac Conry, meek, you shall find 
Ap nó món na míoncallaó, Over Gnomore of smooth callows, 
O’h aóncuó an Gnd m-beag m-buan, O’Heyny over Gnobeg, lasting, 
Nead nac oarobip ir nac viombuan. _—A nest not poor, not transient.” 

See, likewise, Cambrensis Evers, p. 27. After that period, the O’Flaherties seized 
upon this territory, after having been driven from their own ancient inheritance, on 
the east side of Lough Corrib, by the De Burgos. The latter afterwards pursued 
them across the lake; and, in A.D. 1256, Mac William Burke plundered Gnomore 
and Gnobeg, and possessed himself of all Lough Orbsen (Corrid).—Four Masters. In 
A.D. 1584, Morogh na doe (na d-tuagh, i.e. of the battle-axes) O’Flaherty, who had 
been previously appointed by Queen Elizabeth chief of all the O’Flaherties, was heredi- 
tary chieftain of Gnomore, and resided in the castle of Aghnanure. Rory (Roderic or 
Roger) O'Flaherty, our author’s grandfather, was hereditary chieftain of Gnobeg, and 
resided in the castle of Moycullen. Between these kindred chiefs there long subsisted 
violent territorial disputes, of which a curious detail will be found in Appendix II. 


NOTE T. Seepage 60, note '. ‘ O'Halloran.” 


The MS. fragment in Trin. Coll. Lib., H. 2, 17, here referred to for this ancient 
family, states that “ O Halloran is the chief of the twenty-four townlands of Clan 
Fergail; and of these are the O’Antuiles and O’Fergus of Roscam.” ‘ O h-Cll- 
munan caipeac cecm m-baile ficer clomo: pepgaili, agur oipein hi Cincuili agur 
hi Fepgura Rora-caimm.” See also the Book of Ballymote for same, fo. 54. This 
document refers to the twelfth century. These twenty-four townlands of Clan Fer- 
gail lay east of the river Gallimh, or Galway. The name Clan Fergail is now obso- 
lete; but Roscam, on which are the remains of a round tower, is still well known. 
It lies about two miles S.E. of Galway. Mac Firbis, in his Book of Irish Genea- 
logies, gives the pedigree of the O’Halloran family for twenty-five generations, as 
follows : 


“ €ocaids Muigmeodoin (a. c. Eochy Moyvane, A. D. 358, father 
358) acain of 
Omain, atain Brian, father of 
Clongura, Aengus, 


Muipceanrang, 


254 


Muipceanears, Mortogh, 
CllLlmupánn, Allmuran, a guo O'Halloran. 
Fingallarg, Fergallach, 
Choncoille, Cucolle, 

Coda, Aodh, 

Or1anmana, Dermot, 

Conchabain, chata-luipeach, Connor of Cath-lury, 
Oomnulll, Donnell, 

Cuaig calcaip, Teige, the strong, 
Fheapgail, Ferrall, 

Cosa, Hugh, 

Chonchabain, Connor, 
Ololla-poe fain na poóla, Gilla-Stephen of the plunder, 
Maoilpuanans, Mulrony, 

Oomnull, Donnell, 

Ouibich, David, — 

Armlaoib, Awlcy, 

Taos, Teige, 

Olllecpire, Gillchrist, 

Oomnall, Donnell, 

Seonac, Johnock, 

Oabaie. Davock” (David Oge). 


In the thirteenth century, the O’ITallorans were dispossessed of their ancient inbe- 
ritance of Clan Fergail, by the De Burgos; and were obliged to emigrate, with the 
(Fluherties, to Jar-Connaught, where they built the castle of O’Hery in Gnomore ; 
and also, according to tradition, the castle of Rinvile in Northern Connemara. See 
our author’s Ogyg. p. 376, for this old family; and the “History of Ireland,” by 
Doctor Sylvester O'Halloran of Limerick, who states, vol. iL, p. 389, that he was him- 
self’ **descended from the House of Clann Fergail.” But there was another family of this 
name in Thomond, for which see Cathreim Thoirdhealbhaigh, or the Chronicles of the 
Wars of Thomond, at A. D. 1309, which family was ‘ descended from the stock of the 
()Briens, and the other Duleassians."—O' Brien, Dict. p. 514. The learned historias 
claims for "the House of Clan Ferguil” the celebrated St. Finbar of Cork, and 
Aileran, surnamed an t-eagnaw, or the wise, for whom see Ussher in Primord 
pp. 818, 966; O’Conor's, Annal. Líon. pp. 56, 57, and Petrie’s Tara, p. 99. He also 
claims for this family the “invincible” William Ockham, mentioned by Harris, in 

Ware, 


255 


Ware, vol. ii, Writers, p. 82; but Wadding renders this claim more than doubtful. 
See Harris, in loc. ud. citat. An account of the historian O'Halloran will be found 
in Fitzgerald’s History of Limerick, Appendix, p. lx. 

In A.D. 1585, the “ O'Halloran” was one of the contracting parties in the Inden- 
ture of Composition for Iar-Connaught with Queen Elizabeth, which will be found in 
Appendix I. It appears from the “ Description of Connaught,” preserved in the 
British Museum, and quoted in the last additional note, S, p. 252, that Jonick O’Hal- 
loran was proprietor of the castle of O’Hery, in Moycullen barony. On 27th March, 
A.D. 1619, ‘ the east quarter of Barney was granted by patent to Teige and Moyler 
O'Halloran.” —Rot. Pat. Jac. I. And on 28th Nov., 1638, Stephen Lynch obtained a 
decree in Chancery against Edmond O’Hallorane, of Barney, for £410. 19s. 8d., and the 
lands of O’Hery to be charged therewith.”—Orig. enrolled. This decree is supposed to 
have led to the transfer of the Barna estate to the Lynches, by whom it is possessed to 
this day. The following documents relating to the O’Hallorans, who since that time 
have shared the vicissitudes of most of the ancient Irish families, are considered sufh- 
ciently curious for preservation. They are taken from the originals, in the possession 
of the Editor: 

“ Carta Dermicit O'Halloran. 


“ A.D. 1594. 


é Sciant presentes et futuri, quod ego Dermicius, alias Dermoid duff M° Shane 
O Halloran de Bearna in comitatu Galway generosus, pro quadam summa pecunie mihi 
per Edmundum Halloran de Galwey mercatorem pre manibus solute, dedi, concessi, 
vendidi et barganizavi, et hac presenti carta mea confirmavi eidem Edmundo omnia et 
singula maneria, dominia, castra, messuagia, terras et cetera hereditamenta quecunque, 
cum omnibus et singulis eorum pertinenciis in villis, campis, locis....... de Rine- 
moyly, Ayrdnegrivagh et Tulaghvor, que mihi jure hereditario pertinent, in baronia 
de Balynahensy infra comitatum predictum. Habendum et tenendum omnia et sin- 
gula premissa superius expressa, cum omnibus et singulis eorum pertinenciis prefato 
Edmundo Halloran heredibus et assignatis suis, imperpetuum; de capitalibus dominis 
feodi illius, per servitia inde debita et de jure consueta. Et ego vero predictus Dermi- 
cius alias Dermoid O’Halloran et heredes mei omnia et singula premissa prefato Ed- 
mundo Halloran heredibus et assignatis suis, contra omnes gentes, warrantizabimus, 
acquietabimus et imperpetuum, per presentes, defendemus. Et ulterius sciant me 
prefatum Dermicium alias Dermoyd O'Halloran fecisse, ordinasse...... in loco meo 
posuisse dilectum mihi in Christo Nehemiam Ffolain generosum, meum attornatum 
ad intrandum, et possessionem et seisinam capiendum pro me, vice et nomine meo, de 
et in omnibus et singulis premissis, cum omnibus et singulis eorum pertinenciis. Et ° 


post 


256 


post hujusmodi possessionem et seisinam sic inde captas et habitas, deinde pro me, vice 
et nomine meo, plenam et pacificam possessionem et seisinam inde et de qualibet inde 
parcella prefato Edmundo deliberandum et tradendum. Habendum et tenendum sbi, 
heredibus et assignatis suis, secundum tenorem, vim, formam et effectum hujus pre- 
sentis carte mee inde ei confecte. Ratum et gratum habens et habiturus totum et quic- 
quid predictus attornatus meus fecerit in premissis per presentes. In cujus rei testi- 
monium presentibus sigillum meum apposui Datum vicesimo septimo die Juni, 
Anno regni domine Elizabethe, Dei gratia Anghe, Francie et Hibernie Regine. fidei 
defensoris, etc. tricesimo sexto. 
“ Present NicHoLas Lincu, fyz Marks. 
HEw, is sign. 
Mc Oabace. 
Dorpy alias DIERMoYD O HALLoRAN, his signe.4-” 
"I Eremond Hallorine sonne and heyre of the within named Ed. Halloraine do 
release unto Edmond Flahertye of ineide esq. all my right to the castle and lands of 
Rinvile, by virtue of this deede or any other deede whatsvever. In witnesse whereof I 
have heereunto subscribed my name the last of October Anno Dni 1638. 
‘* EREMOND HALLORAINE. 
" Present HuGH FLAHERTY&. NICHOLAS Browne.” 


“Carta Joh. O'Tlalloran, 
* ALD. 1594. 

* Sciant presentes et futuri quod ego Johannes O’ Halloran de Galwey, piscator, 
dedi, concessi et hac presenti carta mea confirmayi Ambrose Martin de Galwey pre- 
dicta mereutorl, omnia ct singula manerium, castrum, messuagium, terras, tenementa, 
prata, pascua, pasturas, buscos, subuscos, moram, montium, aquas, gurgitas piscarum 
et alia hereditamenta querumcunque, cum omnibus et singulis corum pertinenciis que 
habeo, habui, seu quovismodo in futuro habere potero, vel uliquis alius habet vel ha- 
bere debet, vel aliqui alii habent vel habere debent, ad meum usum in villis, campis et 
hainletis de Renryle, vel in aliquo alio loco in Areonnaght, in comitatu Galwey pre 
dicta; habendum et tenendum omnia et singula premissa superius expressa, conceses, 
recitata et specificata cum omnibus et singulis eorum pertinenciis, prefato Am- 
brose Martin heredibus et ussignutis suis, ad usum predicti Ambrose, heredum 
et assignatorum suorum imperpetuum, de capitalibus dominis feodi illius per ser- 
Vicia inde debita et de jure consucta. Et ego vero predictus Johannes O'Halloran 
et heredes met omnia et singula premissa superius expressa, concessa, recitata, 
et specificata: cum ommibus et singulis corum pertinenciis, prefato Ambrose Mar- 
tin heredibus et assignatis suis contra omnes gentes warrantizabimus, acquiet- 

abimus 


257 


abimus et imperpetuum defendemus per presentes. Et ulterius sciant me prefatum 
Johannem O’Halloran fecisse, constituisse, ordinasse, deputasse, et in loco meo possu- 
isse dilectum mihi in Christo Edmond boy M‘Bryne de Irislona, et Dermod M‘Hyue 
de Shanvalliard in Erconnaght predicta, yeomen, meum verum et legitimum atturna- 
tum, ad intrandum et possessionem et seisinam capiendum pro me, viceet nomine meo, 
- et post hujusmodi possessionem et seisinam sic inde captas et habitas, deinde pro 
me, vice et nomine meo, plenam et pacificam possessionem, et seisinam omnium et sin- 
gulorum premissorum superius expressorum, cum omnibus et singulis eorum perti- 
nenciis, prefato Ambrose Martin heredibus et assignatis suis deliberandum, secundum 
tenorem, vim, formam et effectum hujus presentis carte mee, inde ei confecte per pre- 
sentes. In cujus rei testimonium, presentibus sigillum meum apposul. Datum apud 
Gallwey vui.? die Septembris, Anno Domini, 1954. 

“ JOHN O'HALLURAN, his mark” (viz., a curiously shaped fishing-hook).— Orig. 


“* Morrertagh O’Hallurane and Tetg is Dede, the 
“17 of Oct. 1606. 


““ Be yt knowen into all men by theis presents, that wee Morrirtegh fytz Davocke 
O'Hallorane, and Teige fytz Davocke O’Hallorane of Rynvilly in the county of Gal- 
way yeomen, have gywen and graunted into our welbeloued land-lord, Morrogh ne 
Moyer O’Flaherty of Bonnowen in the county of Gallewey aforesaid gentle, all that 
quarter of land sett, lying and being in Rynvilly within the Barony of Ballenehensy in 
the county of Galewey aferesaid, frome us our heires, executores and assignes, into 
the said Morroghe ne Moyer O’Flaherty his heires, executors and assignes, sole and 
proper use for ever, uppon condicion and forme folowinge, viz. to sey, that yfe in 
cause that the said Morrirteghe O’Hallorane, Teige O’Hallorane or ther heires sheold 
happen to dwell in and uppon any part or parcell of that land, that then he or they 
shall yeald and pay into the said Morroghe ne Moyer O’Flaherty his heires, exe- 
cutores and assignes, the just some of six shillings and eight pence sterr: corant law- 
full money in England, for and out of every cartron of that quarter of land, that he 
or they shall occupie or meynure yearly, otherwyse yf it shald happen that the said 
Morroghe ne Moyer O’Flaherty his heires or assignes shall occupie or meynure anny 
cartrone of that quarter of land, that then he his heires or assignes shall yeld and pay 
into the said Morirtegh O’Hallorane and Teige O’ Hallorane or their heires, the just some 
of wane (one) shilling and eight pence ster. yearly: provided allweys that the said rent 
of six shillings eight pence ster. is to be paid yearly out of every cartrone in Rynvilly 
to Morroghe ne Moyer O’Flaherty, in respect of and consideracion of his lordshipe in 
that soylle. In withnes whereofe we have sett hirinto our signes and sealles. this 17 


IRISH ARCH. 80C. I6. 2 L of 





- a eer ——lll 


_~— — nn ie 


258 


of October 1606.—Teig O’Hallorane is sign & seall—Morteigh O’Hallorane is sign 
and seall.—Present at thensealling and delivery hereofe,, wee whose names inswethe. 
—Nichas Martin, Richard Lynce fytz-Nich. Davy O’Dowan, testis.” —Orsg. 


‘* Deede of the Clagann, A. D. 1612. 


* Be it knowen to all men by theis presents, that wee Margarett nyne Dermott 
mor O'falluran late of the Clegan in the countie of Galwey, and Onora nyne 
Jonecke O' Halluran of the same, for a certaine soome of money to us in hand well and 
truely contented, satisfied and paid, have remised, released, and for us and our heires 
for ever, quitt claimed by these presents, unto Morugh ne Moyre O'Flaherty of Bo- 
noven in the countie of Galwey aforesaid, gent. in his full and peaceable possession and 
seisin being, his heires and assignes for ever, all that our right, tithe, claime, demand 
and interest, which ever we have had, or which for ever hereafter we shall have, our 
heires, executors and assignes, of all and singuler the cartron of land with thappurte- 
nances called Knoekbane, the cartron of land of Lacknehae, the cartron of Knock m’Gil- 
lechrist, the haulf quarter of land in the Kealmor, the cartron of land of Knockyle, the 
cartron of Kleganbig and Fallereagh, and the cartron ofthe Kyllyne called Sranelana, 
with their hereditaments and appurtenances, situated in the Clagan in the barony of 
Ballenchense within the countie of Galwey, soe as neither we the said Margarett and 
Onora nor our heires, nor any other person or persons whatsoever by us, for us, or in 
our orany of our names, any right, title, claime, demande, or interest of and in the 
lands, tenements hereditaments with thappurtenances afuresaid, or in any parte or par- 
cell thereof; and that we may not dispose, claime, or sell the sume for ever hereafter, 
but of all actions, rightes, titles, claime, demaund, and interest, shalbe excluded for 
ever by these presents. And we the said Margarett and Onora and our heires, alland 
singuler the lands, tenements and hereditaments with the appurtenances aforesaid, 
unto the said Morogh O'Flahertie his heires and assignes for ever, against us and our 
heires, and against all other person or persons whatsoever lawfully haveing, claimeing 
or which for ever hereafter shall lawfully claime, into the lands, tenements, and here- 
ditaments with thappurtenances aforesaid, or into any parte or parcel! thereof, anie 
right, title. state or interest, of, by or under us the said Margarett and Onora, our 
heires or assigns, shall save, warraunt, acquitt and defend for ever, by these presentes. 
In witnes whereof we have hereunto set ouer signes and seales, dated the fifteenth day 
of September A“. D®, 1612.—Margrett nyn X Dermot mor O'Halloran. Onner nyn 
x Jonicke O’ Halloran.—Beinge presente at the signing, sealing and delivery of this 
deede we whose names are subseribed.—Forinan m' Dermote Follan is marke, g. p.— 
Morroch x Marrey O*Povane, is marke.—Davy X O*Dovane is marke.—Knogher 
x og m' Knohor im Owen.” —Orey. 

"" Donoghe 


y 


259 


“ Donoghe m°. Moyller et al. is dede A. D. 1614. 

“ Be yt knowen to all men by theise presents, that wee Donogh m*Moyller O’Hal- 
loran, Moyller Granae O’Halloran and Teige mac Donoghoe O’Halloran of Bearney, 
in the county of the towne of Galway, gent. for and in consideration of the some of 
sixteine poundes ster. currant money in England, to us before the perfectinge hereof 
payed and contented, of and by the hands of Morough O’Flshertie, alias Morough ne 
muyer O’Flahertie of Bonowen in the countie of Galway, gent. have graunted, bar- 
gainned, sould and confirmed, lyckas by theis presentes wee doe give, graunte, bargann, 
sell and confirm, unto the said Morough ne muyer O’F lahertie all that the castell, com- 
monly caled the castell of Rinvtel-ohwoy, and three cartrones of land thereunto ajoyn- 
ninge, viz. the cartron of Inveran, whereuppon the said castell is situated, the cartron 
of Ardenegrevagh, and the cartron of Korrwoher, all situated lyenge and beinge in 
Ter-connaght, within the barrony of Ballinehinsey in the said county of Galway: To 
have and to hould unto the said Moroghoe O’F flahertie his heires and assignes for ever; 
to hould of the chief lords of the ffee, by the services thereof due and by lawe accustomed. 
And we have appointed our welbeloved in Christ Ffargananym m‘Searvreh of Moerysh 
gentleman, our true and lawfull attorney to deliver livery, seisin and possession of the 
said castell and landes with thappurtenances unto the said Moroghoe O’Fflahertie, 
accordinge the purporte, effect and true meaning of this our present deed; hereby 
ratefienge and confirminge all and whatsoever our said attorney shall doe or happen to 
be don in the premisses, firmely by theis presentes. In wittnes whereof we have 
hereto putt our handes and seales, the last day of the month of Aprill An’. Dom. 1614, 

é“ Present when the said Ffarganannim mac Searvreh the attorney, delivered livery, 
seisin and possession of the castell, towne and landes within specified, unto the said 
Moroghoe O’Fflahertie, wee whose names ensue, Edmond O’Halloran m‘Donell O’Hal- 
loran, testis—F fernando Folain—William O’Duan—Rory Oge Duan, testis..— Orig. 


“ Erevan O’Halloraine his deede of Mullaghglasse. 


“ A.D. 1645. 

é“ Be it knowne unto all men by these presents that I Erevan O’Halloraine of Mul- 
laghglasse in the countie of Galway, gent. for the sum of seaven pounds fouer shillings 
ster. currant lawful money of and in England, to me before hand well and truely con- 
tented, satisflied and paied, have given, granted, confirmed, bargained and sold, like as 
by these presents I doe give, graunt, confirme, bargaine and sell, unto Edmond Ffla- 
herty of Roynvoyly in the said county of Galway Esq’. his heires and assignes for ever, 
all that the cartron of Mullaghglasse, with the appurtennances, being in the barony of 
Ballynehensy within the county of Galway, and all woods, water-ways, easures, pro- 

2L2 fitts, 





260 


fitts, comodities, houses, lands, tenements, hereditaments and appurtenances thereunto 
belonging or in anie wise appertaining: To have and to hould all and singuler the 
foresaid hereditaments before given, graunted, bargained and sold, unto the said Ed- 
mond Fflaherty his heires and assignes for ever, to his the said Edmond Fflaherty, his 
heires and assignes sole and proper use and behoofe for ever, from the cheefe lords of 
that fee, for such services as are thereout due and accustomed. And I the said Erevan 
(YHalloraine my heires and assignes, all and singuler the aforesaid hereditaments, 
before given, graunted, bargained and sould, unto the said Edmond Fflaherty his heires 
and assignes, against all manner of persones, shall save, warrant, acquitt and defend for 
ever, by theis presents. And further be it knowne that I the said Erevan O’Hallo- 
raine, with my proper hands, have delivered full and peasable possession and seisin of 
all and singuler the aforesaid hereditaments, unto the said Edmond Fflaherty, secord- 
ing to the true meaning, intent. and effect of this my present deed; provided alwaies and 
uppon condition that, whensoever hereafter I the said Everan O’llallorain, my heires 
or assignes, doe well and truely content, satisfie and paie unto the said Edmond O’Ffla- 
herty, his heires or assignes, the full and just sum of seaven pounds fouer shillings ster, 
currant lawfull money of and in England, ofa good, fine and weaghtie cuined silver, as 
at this day is currant in that realme, having five shillings to every ounce troy-weaght, 
and fouer Irish ounces to every pound theref, in one entheir payment, that then and 
from thenceforth, it shalbe lawfull for me the said Erevan O’Hallorain my heires and 
assighes, into all and singuler the said hereditaments to reinter, and the same to have 
againe and repossesse as in my former estate, anie thing herein contained to the coun 
trary notwithstanding. In wittnes whereof, 1 the said Erevan O’Hallorain have sett 
hereunto my hand and seale, the rgth of November 1645. 


* EREVAN O'HALLORAINE (seal). 
* Being present C. Dowan testis, &e."— Orig. 


" Indenture, g™ Jan. 1681, between Nicholas Lynch fitz-Marcus of Barney in the 
county of the town of Galway, gent. and Ftinyne Hallorane of Galway, gent. recites that 
John Whaley of Newford co. of Galway, esq. (Grantee under the Act of Settlement) 
In consideration of £644 134. 4. to him paid by the said Nicholas Lyneh, by deeds 
dated 15™ and 16™ October 1681, released unto the said Nicholas Lynch, among 
others the lands following: and that the said Ftinvne Hollerane paid unte the said 
Nicholas £83 42. 2d. sterling, part of the said larger sum, and in trust received from 
said Ftinyne towards the same: the deed therefore witnessed, that the said Nicholas 
Lynch, in consideration thereof. granted and released unto the said Ffinyne, one-third 
part of the lands of Pollneromy, Gortetlevey, Parke ne Toriny, part and parcell of 
the quarter of land of Cnocknecaragh, and a rateable proportion of the said John 


Whaley’s 


261 


Whaley’s interest in the moiety of Mincloone, (Domnick Browne of Carrabrowne & 
Richard Martine’s interest therein always foreprized and excepted) and also a propor- 
tion of the quarter of land of Rahune, lying on the left hand of the King’s high-way 
leading to Barney; and then in the occupation of Lisagh Hallorane, all situate in the 
west liberties of Galway. To hold the same to the said Ffynine his heirs and assigns, 
for ever. Witness Thady M* Namara—Dominick Halloran—George Halloran—An- 
drew Ffrenche. 

“On 15" Feb. 1709, the same Feenine Halloran demised to William Brock of 
Glanineagh, C°*. Clare, one-third part of Poulnaruma and Tiefgarraff ; which the said 
Feenine held in common with his nephew Myles Halloran, together with the said 
Feenine’s proportion of Mincloone, for 31 years at the yearly rent of £6 tos. ster- 
ling.—Reg*. 13" May 1718.” 

Since that time, the O’Halloran family has lost even those remnants of its ancient 
inheritance. Individuals of the name still abound in Jar-Connaught and the western 
islands; but, with very few exceptions, they are all reduced to a state of poverty. 


NOTE U. See page 69, Notes. “The Craft of evill spirits.” 

*“* William Sacheverell, Esq. late Governour of Man,” who was contemporary with 
our author, in his account of that island (London, 8vo., 1702), and of ‘‘ some remarkable 
things there, in a letter to Mr. Joseph Addison of Magdalen College, Oxon” (the well- 
known writer in the Spectator), speaking of the “light generally seen at People’s 
Deaths,” says, p. 15, “‘I have some Assurances so probable, that I know not how to disbe- 
lieve them.” The Governor then givesan instance, of the truth of which he was “ assured 
by a Man of great Integrity,” and thus continues : ““ Whether those fancies proceed 
from Ignorance, Superstition, or Prejudice of Education, or from any traditional or 
heritable Magic, which is the opinion of the Scotch Divines concerning their second 
sight, or whether Nature has adapted the organs of some Persons for discerning of 
Spirits, 1s not for me to determine, since I design the whole for an Introduction to a 
Story which happened in the year 1690, upon the late King’s going into Jreland, of a 
little Boy then scarce 8 years old, who frequently told the Family in which he lived, 
of two fine Gentlemen who daily Convers'd with him, and gave him Victuals, and 
something out of a Bottle, of a greenish Colour, and sweet taste, to drink. This 
making a Noise, the present Deemster, a Judge of the Island, a Man of good Sense 
and probity, went into the Mountains to see if he could make any Discovery what 
they were; he found the Boy, who told him they were sitting under a Hedge about 
sa Hundred Yards from him. The Deemster bid the Boy ask them, why he could not 


see them, accordingly the Boy went to the Place, put off his Cap, and made his Reve- 
rence, 


262 


rence, and returning said, It was the Will of God they should not be seen, but the 
(rentlemen were sorry for his Incredulity. The Deemster pull’d a Crown-piece out 
of his Pocket, and ask’d the Boy what it was; the Boy answer’d he could not tell, be 
Fade him ask the Gentlemen; the Boy went as before, and returning told him, they 
said it was silver, but that they shew'd him a great deal of such silver, and much 
yellow Silver besides. Another day a Neighbouring Minister went into the Moun- 
tuins, the Boy told him they were in a Barn hard by, exercising the Pike; he went 
to the door of the Barn, and saw a Pitch-fork moving with all the proper Postures of 
Exercise, upon which rushing into the Barn the Fork was struck to the ruof, and no 
Person to be seen. Another day the Boy came and told Captain Sterenson that one 
of em came with his hand Bloody, and said he had been in a Battle in /reland ; the 
Captain mark’d the day, and the” they had no News in near a Month after, it agreed 
exactly with the time Colonel Woolsley had given the Irish a considerable Defeat. |, 
could give you an hundred other Instances during their stay, which was above a 
Month, but at last the King came with his Fleet into Ramsey Bay, which one of them 
telling the other before the Boy, he answer’d, it was well the King was there in Per- 
son, for had he sent never so many Generals, his Affairs would not Prosper; and 
speaking to the Boy, told him they must now go with the King into Zreland ; that 
he might tell the People of the Island, there woud be a Battle fought betwixt Mid- 
sunimer and St. Columbus Day, upon which the future Fortune of Jreland would 
depend, which exactly agreed with the Action of the Boyne. That the War would 
last IO or 11 Years, according te one Information, or 12 or 13 according to another, 
(which is the only Variation F could observe in the whole Story) the Boy being so very 
young, and having forgot great Part of it himself before [ came into the Fland : bat 
that in the end King William would be Victorious over all his Enemies. He that 
considers the Youth, and Ignorance of the Boy, which render'd him incapable of 
carrying on an Imposture, meat needs allow there ta something uncommon m tt, except 
there had been a Conspiracy of all the best of the People to deceive me, and every 
Person mentioned is still living. and ready to attest (if need require) upon Oath what 
I have alledg’d. For myself 1] can assure you have transmitted it with the utmost 
fidelity, the’ much short of my Original Information, and only beg you to accept of 
the whole as a Testimony of the Real Esteem of Sir, your most humble servant, W 
Sacheverell.” 

Boldly as our good governor had inveighed against “Ignorance, Superstition, and Pre- 
judice of Education” in the beginning of his letter, itis evident that, towards the end of 
it, hisown credulity became sadly bewildered. From Spectator No. 110, it may be inferred 
that the enlightened Addison himself believed the narrative, and even alluded to it in 

the 


263 


the following words. ‘Could I not give myself up to this general testimony of man- 
kind, I should to the relations of particular persons who are now living, and whom I 
cannot distrust in other matters of fact.” The learned priest Verstegan, who belonged 
to the generation before our author, in his “ Restitution of decayed Intelligence,” p. 85, 
has related an occurrence which he also seems to have firmly believed, viz. '“ A most 
true and maruelous strange accident of the pide piper, that hapened in Sazony not 
many ages past; which great wonder hapned at Hamel in Brunswicke on the 22 day of 
July in the yeare of our Lord 1376.” These instances may suffice to shew that other 
learned men have agreed with our author in opinion, that “ the craft of evill spirits is 
more than our judgements can sound out.” Ware gravely ridicules O’Brasil, and those, 
qui “: oleam et operam perdiderunt” in search of it.—Antig. c. xxviii. 

See ante, p. 20, note (") for the celebrated Mananan, the son of Lir, who gave name 
to the isle of Man, as we are informed by some of the learned historians of that ‘ king- 
dom;”? and who further state, that the old Statute Book of Man describes him thus: 
‘© Mananan Mac Ler, the first man who held Man, was ruler thereof, and after whom the 
land was named, reigned many years, and was a paynim: he kept the land under mists 
by his necromancy. If he dreaded an enemy, he would of one man cause to seem one 
hundred, and that by art magic.” But see Mac Firbis’s account of the Belge of Ireland, 
preserved in MS. in the library of the Royal Irish Academy, Dublin, which states, that 
old authorities relate, that the inhabitants of the isle of Man sprung from Beothach, son 
of Iartas, and from Semians and Fergus the red-sided. ‘ a vem pléacca ele, pol 
Oheocargy mic lancaip, agup pol Semianp, agur prol Feanaupa lecóencc tread 
Fuil) Manuinn.” According to Orosius, Man was first inhabited by the Scots of Ire- 
land. Even still, many of their adventurous descendants resort thither, and, no doubt, 
are much indebted to the “ Mists.” But this appears to have been the case from the 
carhest _Periots “in eam tamquam in asylum Ultonienses confluxerunt.”—Gratian. 
Lue. 


NOTE V. See page 82, note,®. ‘* Rats.” 


The following curious communication, on the subject of this note, is taken from the 
original, preserved in the Manuscript Library, Trinity College, Dublin. B. I. 1. 3. p. 316. 


“ To Dr. Molineauz at his 
House in Dublin. 
“ Donegall the otk of June 1708. 
“ Sr, 
‘* Altho I have delayed writing to you, yet I have not forgot my promise: I 
thought it better that the account I send you should be slow than lame, rather tedious 


when it comes, than imperfect. 
“I have 


(a is—r 5 eee“ 


- 


264 


* T have made dilligent inquiry about Ratts in this Country: and find, that it is 
certain (there being no reason why the whole country should decetve me in an affair of 
this nature, wherein they can have no interest to tell a lye) that there is a considerable 
tract of Land about Donegall wherein there is not one Ratt, tho’ Ballyshannon on the 
one hand, and Killybeggs on the other, the first ten, and the latter 12 miles distant from 
it, have enough to send Colonies to the adjacent Countries. This is the more strange. 
because Donegall is a sea port town, as well as the other two, tho’ not near so much 
frequented by ships: but such as ships come to, even sometimes now, tho formerly (as I 
am told) it had greater trade. I have seen one or two ships there, which might easily 
have left some ratts for breed, for they say generally ships have enough of that Carge 
to spare. So that notwithstanding Donegall is not so much frequented with Shipping, 
yet there has not been opportunities wanting for rats to come thither from ships, for 
tis well known, thatin the time of the wars, the Grayhound Man-of-War, which wanted 
not rats (us is probable) lay sometimes in the river not above halfe a mile from Done 
wall, which place they might sufely goe to from the ship, which is customary to thee 
animals, But it is not only the town of Donegall that is blessed with the absence of that 
vermin, the whole Parish of Drumholm, and two or three more of the adjacent Parishes, 
pertake of the same happiness, tho’ they have this in common with other places, that 
they are alike pestered with mice. I was ut first doubtfull whither or no Ballyshan- 
non and Killybeges had Rats, but now have gott a perticular account from Henry 
Caldwell Esq” a considerable merchant who is eldest son to 5’ James Caldwell, that he 
has had damage done him by rats in his stere-house at Killybeggs, and an intelligent 
person told me, that about a fortnight before this, at Killybeggs, he was disturbed all 
night by ratts, and saw severall in the morning, for they were so bold, that they ran 
about the Bed. and for demonstration that there are many at Ballyshannon Mr. Cald- 
well told me a very odd story, viz. that the men who take care of a considerable salmon 
fishing, which he tarms trom the Lord Folliott, do Prophesie whither there will be few 
or many salmon catcht that year, by the number of rats they sce upon a little Island in 
the river, where they make up their fish, So if they see many rats, they expect many 
salmon, if few Rats they Conclude they will take but a few fish. I do not mention 
this as it there was any thing to be depended on as to the observation of the persons 
concerned in the fishing, tho they build much upon it, but I give it as an instance that 
there are Rats in abundance at Ballyshannon, the they do not come within a oF 3 
miles of my house, which is not above five or six at furthest from Ballyshannon. 

* As to the other Story which you have heard, concerning some part of the Barony 
of Boylogh and Bannowh viz. that Cattle eannot live there in summer. 1 can find no 
yreat mutter in it. It is sandy ground, us Í am told, and I believe little grass grows 

there 





aad 


265 


there ina dry summer, and perhaps there may be unwholesome herbs amongst it, this 
makes the people drive off their cattle in summer, and by that means they have top 
grass in the winter. Iam apt to believe that all sandy ground is much of the same 
nature, for I observe that my own cattle do not much love to stay upon a sandy warren 
that is near their pasture. I suppose it is for the same reason that the cattle do not 
thrive in the Rosses (that is the name of the place) in summer, so I apprehend no great 
matter in the relation, but if you think it worth a more exact scrutiny, at any time, I 
shall be ready to obey your commands. 

é“ This, sir, is a tedious letter, but I choose rather to be impertinent than defective. 
Could I be so happie as to be able to serve you, you should always find how ready I 


would be to show how much I am, sir, your most affec humble servant, 
“ THo. WADMAN.” 


NOTE W. See page 84. note m. “ Athenry.” 


This town was founded by a colony of Anglo-Norman settlers, who were brought 
thither shortly before the middle of the thirteenth century, by the De Burgos; and from 
that time until towards the close of the sixteenth century, it was a place of considerable 
importance in the west of Ireland. In A.D. 1249, a battle was fought here between 
the Irish and English, of which the following account is given in the Annals of Clon- 
macnois, as translated by Conly Mac Geoghegan, and preserved in the MS. Library 
of Trinity College, Dublin, F. 3. tg. 

“ A.D. 1249. The [Jrisk] nobility of Connaught went to Athenrie to prey and 
spoile that towne, on the day of our Lady the blessed Virgin Mary, in the middest of 
harvest. There were a great armye, with Terlaugh mac Hugh. The sheriff of 
Connoght with many Englishmen were in the said towne before them. The sheriff 
and Englishmen desired them, in honnor of the Blessed Virgin Mary, whose day then 
was, to forbeare with them that day, which the said Irish nobility refused to give any 
respect, either in honor of the Blessed Virgin or holly roode. They assaulted the 
town against the will of the said Terlaugh, which Jordan de Exetra the sheriffe and 
Englishmen seeing, they rushed forthe to meet with the said Irishmen, where the Virgin 
Mary wrought miraculouslye against the said nobillity. When the Irish nobility saw the 
Englishmen, and horsemen well appoynted with harnish, armes and shirts of mail, make 
towards them, they were daunted and affrighted at theire sight, and presently discom- 
fitted. Hugh mac Hugh O’Connor was killed in that presence. Dermott Roe mac 
Cormach O’Melaghlen, the two sonnes of O’Kellie, Bryen and Dery mac Manus, 
Carick an Tivall mac Neale O’Connor, Brithgalagh mac Keigan, the sons of Dermott 
Backagh O’Connor, the two sones of Loghlyn O’Connor, Daniel mac Cormack mac Der- 

IRISH ARCH. 80C. IS. 2M moda 





266 


moda, Finanagh mac Brannan, Cowmowan mac Cassurley, with many more, were killed 
in that place.” See also the Annals of the Four Masters, at the same year. 

This victory gave confidence to the new settlers, and the town consequently in- 
creased, On 14th October, 1310, a murage charter was granted to the bailiffs and good 
men of Athnery (fthenry) empowering them, for three years from the then feast of 
St. Luke the Evangelist, to levy and take the customs therein specified, for the pur- 
pose of enclosing the town with a stone wall.—Rot. Pat. 3, 4 Edw. IL m. 3. This is 
one of the earhest Anglo-Norman documents of the kind now remaining on record m 
Ireland. The commodities <pecified in it, and the customs chargeable on them, ar- 
here extracted : 

* De quolibet crannoeo cujuscunque generis Wadi venali, unum obulum—de quo 
libet crannoco alia, unum quadrantem; de quolibet eguo vel equa, hobino, bove vel 
racea venali, unum obulum,; de quolibet carcasio bovis vel vacce venali, unum obulum; 
de quolibet corto boris vel vacce, hobbini, equi vel eque, frisco, sulsato, aut tannato, unum 
quadrantem; de quinque 4aconthua, unum denarium ; de decem ovtbue vel capris, unum 
denarium; de quinque pore’s unum denarium, de decem agnis unum obulum; de qua- 
libet centena pellium or tanatarum vel schorlingorum, duos denarius; de qualibet 
centena pellinm agnorum, caprarum, leporian, cuniculorum, culpium, cattorum seu ageir- 
rellorton unuin obadiam ; de qualibet centena pellium cercorum, bissarum, damorum vel 
damarum, unum denarium; de qualibet centena Panni hibernici, quatuor denaries; 
de qualibet centena ne tele, duos denarios; de quolibet anny integro anglicuno cujus- 
eunque coloris, duos denarios; de quolibet Panno hibernicn integro, unum obulum ; de 
qualibet solynga, unum quadrantem; de quolibet dolio viné, quatuor denarios; de qua- 
libet cenfena Jerri, quatuor denarios; de qualibet centena de canabe, quatuor denarios; 
de quolibet se/mone, unum quadrantem, de qualibet /ampreda, unum quadrantem; de 
qualibet pisa MAC, cept, buted et cased, unum denartum, de qualibet carrectata de 
tondust, unum denarium,; de qualibet carreetata zeeremit, unum obulum; de qualibet 
carrectata 4ose/, unum quadrantem; de ..... de qualibet: centena cere, quatuor de- 
narios: de quolibet sumagio media, unum denarium; de..... ; de qualibet centena de 
Verdeqria, vel alterius cujuscunque eoloris, duos denarios ; de duobus millibus eeparum, 
unum obulum; de qualibet meysia alleen, unum denurium,; de quolibet summagio 
peacia maris, frisci vel sulsati, unum obulum; de duobus miliarum quorumcunque dé- 
rorum, unum denarium; de qualibet centena ferrorum eqguorum ct clicorum ad carrec- 
tus, unum denarium; de qualibet centena..... »unum obulum,; de qualibet centens 
Piseig aicri, unum denarium, de qualibet centena aagqedlarum, unum quadrantem,; de 
decem petris cuirigí, unum quadrantem; de qualibet centena de feelia, unum denarium ; 
de qualibet centena cujuscunque ....... erie vel cupri operata vel non operata, qua- 

tuor 


267 


tuor denarios; de qualibet pari rotarum ad carectas, unum obulum; de duabus solidatis 
cujuscunque mercimonii quod non nominatur in litteris istis, unum obulum.”—Rot. 
Pat. ut supra. 

In A. D. 1316, another battle was fought near Athenry between the natives and the 
settlers, in which the former were again signally defeated. This battle is described in 
the unpublished Annals of Clonmacnoise before referred to, as follows. ‘“ A.D. 1316. 
Ffelym O’Connor heareing of the returne of William Burke to Conaught from Scotland, 
he proclaimed that all his people from all parts where they were, with such as would 
joyn with them, wou’d gather together, to banish William Burke from out of Conaught, at 
whose command all the Irishrie of Conaught from Easroe to Sliew Veghty or Eighty 
were obedient to him, and came to that place of meeting. Donnogh O’Bryan, prince of 
Thomond, O’Melaghlen king of Meath, O’Roirk of the Breifnie, O’Fferall chieftaine 
of the Annalie called the Convackne, Teige O’Kelly king of Imanie, with many others 
of the nobility of Ireland, came to this assembly, and marched towards Athenrie to 
meet with William Burk, the lord Bremingham and others, the English of the province 
of Conaught, where they mett, and gave battle in a place neare the said towne, in which 
battle the Irish men were discomfitted and quite overthrone. 

é Ffelym O'Connor king of Conaught was therein killed, alsoe Teige O'Kelly, king 
of Imanie, and eight and twenty of the chiefest of that familie, Magnus m* Donell 
O'Connor tanist of all Conaught, Art O'Hara prince of Swynie, Melaghlen Carragh 
O’Dowdye, Conor oge O’ Dowdye, Mortagh M*° Connor O’Dowdye, Dermott m“ Dermott 
tanist of Moylorge, Mortagh m* Tachleagh m* Dermoda, Mortagh m* Dermoda m‘* Ffe- 
rall, Mullronye oge m* Magnussa, John m“ Murogh O’Madden, Donnell O’Boylle, 
Donnell m* Hugh m‘ Conchenan prince of the O’Dermotts, and his brother Mortagh, 
Donnogh O’Moylloye of Ferkeall with his people, the sone of Murrogh O’Manon and a 
hundred of his people, Neale Ffox, prince of Teaffa men with his people, Ferall m° John 
Galda O’Ferall, W™. M° Hugh oge O’F ferall, Thomas m* Awley O’Fferall, five of the fa- 
milie of the M" Donoughes, viz. Tomaltagh, Murrogh Murtagh, Connor Mortagh, and 
Melaughlen m° Donnough, John mac Kiegan, O’Connor’s chiefe judge, Conor and Gil- 
lernew, the sons of Dalere-docker O’Develen, the men called fear-imchar-nehonchon, 
Thomas O’Connolan of the kings guard, all which persons with many others of Mounster, 
Meath and Conaught (which were tedious to resite) were slaine in that battle, as a cer- 
taine Irish poet pittifully in an Irish verse said— 

é Rón mac mig nac abnaim a ainm, bo manba ip an món maióin, 
Do pluag mide ir múman, cptag lem cpio! in cacugad. 

“This battle was given upon the day of Saint Lawrence the Martyre, Felym O’Con- 
nor then being but of the age of 23 years; in the fifth year of whose reign, Rowrye 

2M2 m*Cahall 


268 


m‘ Cahall roe O'Connor (before mentioned) deposed him for one half yeare who being 
killed as before is declared, Ffelym succeeded for another half yeare, untill he was slaine 
at Athenrye atoresaid.” See also the Annals of the Four Masters at A. D. 1316. 

For more than two centuries after this decisive engagement, Athenry continued to 
increase in wealth and population; but about the middle of the sixteenth century it 
began to decline. The causes of its decay are well described in the following extract 
of aletter from Sir Ienry Sydney, Lord Deputy of Ireland, to Queen Elizabeth, ac“ 
Aprill, A. D. 1567, which appears in vol. i. p. go, of " Letters and Memorials of State,” 
published by Arthur Collins, Lond. Fo. 1747: “ From thence I went to your Highnes 
towne of Galowaye, the state whereof I found rather to resemble a Towne of Warre, 
fronteringe upon an Enemye, then a civill Towne in a Countrie under one Soveraigne. 
They watche their Walls nightelie, and gard their Gates daielie with armed Men. They 
complayned much of the Warres of Mac William Ewter and Oflartye againste the Erle 
of Clanrycardes two Sonnes which he hath by two Wives and both alive, and theis twe 
yonge Boyes in the Lief of ther Father,-yet likelie long to live, doe strive who shalbe 
their Father’s Iluire, and, in the same Strife comitte no small spoiles and damage te 
the Countrie, From thense I traveiled thoroughe a greate and an aunciente Towne in 
Connoghte called Anrye. (Athenry) ..... The Towne is large and well walled, and it ap- 
perith by Matter of Record there hath be in it three hundred good Howseholders, and, 
since I knewe this Land there was facentie, and now 1 finde but fower, and they pvor, 
and as I write readie to leave the Place. The Crye and Lamentation of the poor People 
Was greate and pityefull, and nothinge but thus, Succor, Succor, Suecor. The Erle of 
Clanricarde could not denye but that he helde a hevie Hande over them. For which 
[ordered him to make them some Reeompence, and bounde him not to exacte upon 
them hereafter.” 

This * pityefull? appeal does not appear to have had any effect, for the “ greate 
and auncient Towne” of Athenry still continued to decay. Sir Henry Sydney, after a 
lapse of mine years, again visited the place; and, iu a dispatch to the lords of the Coun- 
eil in England, dated 28° April, 1576, contained, vol. £, p. 102, of the “ Letters and 
Memorials of State” before referred to, he writes as follows: “ After 1 had remayned 
in Galway three whole Weeks, T departed from thence the xxii® of Marche, and passed 
thorough Athenrie, the most wofall Spectacle that ecer I looked on in any of the Queen's 
Dominions, totally burned, Colledge, Parishe Churche, and all that was there, by the 
Earles Sonnes; yet the Mother of one of theim was buried in the Churche. [I toke 
Order tor the Reedifinge of the Towne, and the Woorke is begonne; and I have taxed 
for the Satisfienge of the old Inhabitants indifferently upon that Countrie, weyenge 
the Abilities of eche Person, and the Qualitie of their Fawlte, as I thought most rea- 

sonable: 


269 


sonable; which shalbe confirmed and ratified by Order of Commissioners authorized 
under the greate Seale, accordinge to the Meaninge of her Majesties Lettre graunted to 
theim of Athenrie, and the Somme of this Taxation amounteth to twoe Thowsand 
Pounde: and I doubt not to levye it, and the rather, for that the Earle is entred into band 
of v. M. L. [£5000] to see as well this performed, as the first Order taken at Lymericke 
agaynst his Sonnes in my Predicessors Tyme. I have cut the Towne almost into two 
equal Partes, it beinge before full as bigge, with a faier high Wall, as the Towne of Cal- 
lyce. I tooke from the Earle, the better to answere the Expectation of the People, 
twoe principall Castells and Keys of strength ; the one called the Castle of Bellane- 
slowe, which standeth betwixt Galway and Athenrie; the other called Clare, and 
seated betwixt Galway and Mac William Evghters Countrie; and by this Kind of 
Proceedinge, having greatlye satisfied the old Inhabitaunts of Athenrie.” 

The works directed by the Lord Deputy “for the reedifinge of the towne,” had 
scarcely commenced, before it was again attacked by the “‘ Earle’s Sonnes.” “They 
took and sacked it, destroyed the few houses w™ were lately built there, set the 
new gates on fire, dispersed the masons and labourers who were working, and 
broke down and defaced the queen’s arms.” —Hist. Galway, p. 87. See also the same 
work, p. 94, for further proceedings taken in A.D. 1584, “to rebuild and improve” 
Athenry. But this ill-fated town was yet to experience further vicissitudes. In A. D. 
1596, the celebrated Irish chieftain of Tirconnell, Hugh Ruadh (or the Red) O’Donnell, 
made a predatory incursion into Connaught, where he committed much devastation, 
and in his progress took and destroyed Athenry. The following translated extract 
from the “Life” of that extraordinary man, preserved in MS. in the library of the 
Royal Irish Academy, details the particulars of that transaction: 


“A.D. 1596. 

“ O Donel appointed Mac William Burke (Theobald ") to meet him at Athenry, and 
he came accordingly. That town lies a short distance to the East of th-cliath Mea- 
dhruidke’. It was a powerful fortress and difficult of attack. On that occasion the 
(Jrish) soldiers assaulted the fort, and cast fire and firebrands at the gates on all sides, 
and burned all the wooden defences of that strong fortress on the outside. They then 
took scaling ladders, and, placing them against the walls and battlements of the fort, 
ascended to the top of the high, thick, strong, fortress. Some of them leaped from 
the battlements down on the streets, and maintained their ground, though many of 


their 
s This was Theobald, first Viscount Mayo, better b A place now called Maaree, about six miles 
known to his countrymen by the name of ‘‘Tibbott 8S. E. of Galway. 
na long,” Theobald of the Ships. 


| 


- MT on Dees ' 3 9 


270 


their best heroes were wounded in a sharp conflict. The gates were instantly forced 
open by the host, who pressed forward to the centre of the castle; and proceeded to 
break open the stores, the well-guarded apartments, and strongly secured bed-chambers. 
They remained in the castle until they stripped it of all the riches and treasures which 
it contained, They destroyed the entire fortress; but the people of the Queen made 
great havoc of those who attacked that royal castle. Numerous and invaluable were 
the spoils of every kind taken in that fortress, of riches and treasures of brass and iron, 
of armour and cloathing, and of every thing necessary and useful to the people thern. 
which they had previously collected. O° Donel and his host remained in the town that 
night, and evacuated it in the morning, after stripping it of every thing valuable. And 
they then sent their scouts and scouring parties to prey Clanrickard, on both sides of 
the river.” See also the Annals of the Four Masters at the same year. 

The day after O'Donnel had thus stormed and plundered Athenry, the Earl of 
Clanricarde dispatched the following report to the Lord Deputy: 


“ Lough Reogh, Jan’. 16" 1506. 
* My VERY GoOD Lorp, 


é May it please your lordship to be advertised, that this 15" of January 
Hugh Roe O'Donnell, Tibbott Bourke M* Walter Kyttagh, with many others of their 
adherents of Ulster, and of this province, came into this countrie of Clanricard, with 
3000 foot and 200 horse, and burned and spoyled thone half of the country, and assaulted 
divers castles therein, but wone none of any account as yet, and divers of their men 
were killed and hurt about the castles ; they have entered Athenree, where they 
encamped the last night, whether they got the castle or not, is more than 1 yet heard. 
They report that they will remain in Clanricard until after shrafetyde, which they 
may well perform if forces be not sent presently by your lordship to resist. their 
violence. The poor country is so ruinuted and brought to such desolation that they 
no not how tu hive for wunt of releite, The enemy's do bragge that they will laie 
svidge to my owne howses, which [hope shal be to little effect; although I doubt 
divers other holds in the country maie be lost for want of relief. Doubtless they will 
not leave any corn or cottage unburnt in three days within the whole country, the 
which we beare, and God willing will most contentedly, in respect that we sustain the 
sume for our daily service and due obedience to our natural and most gracious prince's, 
from Whom we will never swerve, for any Josses or atiictions whatsoever. 1 have 
sent te my Lord Thomond tor his ayde, whose coming I expect daily, although not 
yet come; but God knoweth our forces both are nothing in respect to theirs, but God 
willing our best endeavours shall not want, and still as occasion shall be ministered 
your lordship shall be advertised thereof; within the meane time I leave to your lord- 


ship 


á 


271 


ship careful and most honourable consideration; and humbly take leave from Lough 
Reogh the xvi." of January, 1596. 
“é Your Lordship’s most humble 
at command, 
“ CLANRICARDE.”’ 
{From the original in the British Museum, Cotton. Lib. Titus B. xiii. | 


The Mayor of Galway also made the following communication : 

“ My most humble duty remembered, may it please your lordship, Hugh Roe 
O’Donell, and other the rebells of Tyrconell, coming of late to this province of Con- 
naght, assembleth with them, Tibbott M*Walter Kittagh Bourke, whom he made 
M*.William, with all the rebells and renagates of Connaght, wasted, burned, and 
destroyed this last week, almost this whole countie of Galway; wherein, on Saturday 
last, they sallied Athanrie, burnt the gates thereof, and having entered the same, after 
continuing there one night, in the morning sallying the castle there, and being with- 
stood, took all the wall-towers, and as manie of the inhabitants as waited them they 
withhould prisoners, and put to ashes all the rest of the towne, besides the said castell 
that resisted them, and the bodies of the abbey and churche; and thence afterwards 
upon Sunday last at twilight, came to our subburbs, and sent a priest and another 
layman to our gates, then being shut, offering that they would do no harm, if we will 
relieve them with wine and other necessaries, to which we answered for that night, 
that we mistrusted, O’Donnell himself was so nigh, and if so was, our auncient cus- 
tome hath been not to open our gates at night for any affairs, with which the messen- 
gers departed. The next morrowe O'Donnell sent a line under his own hand, praying 
to send him victuals and other necessaries for his money, except powder and ammuni- 
tion, otherwise he should annoy us the best he could : whome wee aunsweareth he 
did pick a quarrell for himself and the rest of his associates, breaking their allegiance 
to their natural prince, destroying townes, contrie and goods, of her mat” loyall sub- 
jects; that unless they would revert to goodness, to God, their prince, and neighbours, 
we could not afford them no relief. Upon return of which answer he staid our messan- 
ger till he caused divers houses of our subjects to be fired; and the wind being at 
east north-east, right against that side of our town, hindered us much in not disco- 
vering the enemies till the flame was up, and then O’Donell, Tibott Bourke M*William, 
M‘Dermoud, and all the chieftaines that were with them, being in the Abbey-hill, 
began to retire, and sent some loose shott to play upon our town, and being confrunted 
with like loose shott, as the inimies thronged on this side of the hill, a greate piece of 
ordinance was by us discharged, which scattered them, and clustering again another 
greater peece was let flie, which utterly daunted them, that they retired so farr that 


our 


— 





272 


our loose shott gained the hight of the ridg of the hill, and saved the houses that were 
not burnt, and we heare the rebells had then wounded and killed some vi. per- 
sons, and that night camping in the farther part of our ffranchises, sent some 
hands to fire the houses that before were rescued from them; but before that afternoon 
we discovered them, so that saving one house, lying beyond the greene, they missed of 
their purpose, and the day following they burnt every vilage down to the county of 
Mayo, and...... very well even to the poole of Loghcoirbe to leave nothing undes- 
turbed, amongst which about twenty villages appertaining to us were not pretermitted. 
Their speeches, as wee understand, are very blasphemous against us and all the rest «f 
her majesties constant subjects, threatening they shall shortly be worse used by the 
Spaniards, then the poor inhabitants of Athenry hath been used by them, whom ther 
left mother naked without anie whitt in the world to liveon. And thus, &c. Galway 
the xix" of Januarie. Your L. most humble at command, 
“OLIVER OGE FRENCH, Mator.™ 

[From the original in the British Museum, ut supra. | 

Athenry never recovered from the effects of these repeated outrages. After this 
time it was that the “ blind prophesie” noticed by our author, p. 84, ante, was applied 
toit. In A.D. 1634, the following petition (now first printed from the original draft 
in the Editor’s possession) was presented to the Parliament then sitting in Dublin. 

é To the honorable the Knights, Cittizens and 
Burgesses in Parliament assembled. 
“The humble petition of the Portriffe, Burgesses and Comonaltie 
of Athenry. 

‘ Shewinge, that wheras the Towne of Athenry, being scituated in the midest of the 
countie of Galway, was built and fortified for defence in the very beginning of the 
conquest of this kingdome, by the first plantators of the said county, and cuntinued 
in greate wealth and power, untill that in y® tyme of the late Rebellion, y* same was 
by the Rebells taken by suddayne assalte, and was then burned and sacked, and soon 
after was infested with the contagious sicknes of the Plague which then visited most 
partes of this Kingdome, since w'" tyme the said Towne decayed in trade and was dis- 
peopled, untill y' by direction of y* state and by the consent of all y* inhabitantes of 
the sf county, both for the convenience of the scituation, for the ease of the people, 


and for the restoringe of that Towne to its former state and condicion, it was appoynted 
that the comon Gaole of the shire should bee built and kept there; and that the Ase 
sizes, Quarter Sessions and County courts should be alsoe houlden and kept there, 
which accordingely for awhile continued therein, in w™ tyme though very short thas 
Towne recovered sve much of its former beauty y' without duubt it would by this have 

beene 





273 


beene in a fayer and florishing estate, but by reason y' the sheriffs, for gratuities or 
some privat consideration, hould theire countie courts in divers obscure villages, where 
neyther lodginges nor entertaynments can bee expected; and that, by the favor of the 
Custos Rotulorum and of the Justices of the peace, the quarter sessions are kept at 
other places in the said countie, and y* generall Assizes are alsoe removed to Gallway, 
and yet the said Gaole and prisoners being still left in the said Towne of Athenry, the 
poore inhabitants thereof, bearinge the charge and danger of the prisoners, and havinge 
noe benefitt by the courte, the said towne is fallen againe into its ffurmer misery and 
desolation, out of w there is but smale hope of rayseinge it, unles yo’ honnors favor 
bee expended towards it. For as much, therefore, as it is equall and just that they 
that feele the burthen of the Gaole, should tast of the bennefitt of som of the said 
courts; and for that by the statute the county courts should be kept in some one cer- 
teyne place; and for that the said towne is well waled and fortified, and seated in the 
most convenient place of the said county; and for that it would much conduce to the 
weale publique of the whole county aforesaid, for encresinge of trade and comerce, to 
have the said towne well peopled and frequented; your petitioners most humbly pray 
that the said quarter Sessions, Assizes and county courts, by your honors comaund, 
may bee continually kepte in the said Towne of Athenry, or els that the said Gaole 
may bee removed to some of the townes where the said Courtes are kepte, And youre 
petitioners will ever pray,” &c.—Orig. 

See p. 196, ante, for a deed of feoffment by Philip, the son of William Fria, of pre- 
misses in Athenry, in A.D. 1391. A coeval indorsement on this deed, states that the 
grantor was called Bermingham, ‘‘ Carta de Bremigham dicto Phillipo Erla.” This 
indorsement seems to prove the truth of an old tradition that the sept of “ Erla” 
was a branch of the Berminghams, formerly barons of Athenry, and the most ancient 
Anglo-Norman barons of Ireland. The title is now extinct, or perhaps only in abey- 
ance. Mr. Kilroy of Galway, the respectable proprietor of the hotel there, is mater- 
nally descended from the Erla family. Some individuals of the name Erla, may still 
be traced in the vicinity of Athenry, but sunk in poverty. The old “ Cittie” itself, 
once the bulwark of the Anglo-Normans in Connaught, is now reduced to the state of 
an insignificant village. 


NOTE X. See page 105. “Abbey of Tombeola.” ° 


O’Heyn and De Burgo have collected all the information, probably extant in 
Ireland, respecting this old foundation; but it is also probable that further particu- 
lars may yet be discovered in the Irish Monastic Records preserved in Rome, and 
other parts of the Continent of Europe. Belonging to the same order as Tombeol 

IRISH ARCH. 80C. NO. 15. 2N viz. 





O— a —s— ——- = - - 





274 


viz., that of the Dominicans, was “ Our Lady's Church” mentioned by our author, j- 
30. ante. The following unique compact relating to this latter foundation has been 
transcribed by the Editor, from the Original still preserved in the convent. 

“ ALD. 1651. 

This Indenture witnesseth, that whereas Saint Dominick's abbey near Gallway 
in the Weast Francheses of the same, commonly called Our Lady's church, in thei 
combustious and warlicke tymes, is found noisome and of dangerous consequence te 
the safety and preservation of this Toune of Gallway, if possessed by the enemies, a 
late experience declared when the same was possessed by The Lord Forbous, and the 
Parleiment partie under his conduct. Wherenpon, the Mayor, sherifs, tree Burgesses 
and Commonaltye of the said Towne of Gallway, and the Countie of the said Towne of 
Gallway, conceaved it necessary to pull downe and demolish the said Abbvy for the 
preservation and safty of the said Toune. Whereunto they craved the consent of 
father Pierce Buthler now prior of the religious Order of the Duminicans in Gall- 
way, and the rest of the said convent, who for the good and securitie of the said Toune 
and Corporacion, their freinds and benefactors, have thereunto consented ; the said 
Toune and Corporacion promissing, assumeing, and undertaking, in tyme of peace tu 
re-edifie soe much thereof, as appears in the scedule hereunto annexed to have beene 
hy them broken downe, and leave the said abbey in as good case as they have found 
it when they pulled it doune, or as much woorke as the same may come into in true 
vallue, within their francheses, as to the prior and convent of the said abbey, for 
the tyme beeing, shalbe tought meete and required : in consideration and pursuaner 
whereof. wee Oliver French Knight, mayor of his Ma" towne of Gallway, James 
French Fitz Edd. and Peeter Lynch Fitz Anthony sheritfes and free burgesses, and 
coumonality of the said Toune of Gallway, doe by theise presents promisse, cove 
nant, undertake and assume to and with the prior and convent of the said Abbey of 
St. Dominiek’s Order and their successors, that the Corporation of Gullway shall 
after theise warrs in hand, and peace established in this Kingdome, build, erect: and 
reeditie the said Monasteric, and leave the same in as good condition, plight, man- 
nerand forme as the same was at the tyme of pulling doune and demolishing of the 
same, and alsoe te performe all such covenants, provisos and undertakeings, as the said 
Corporation of Gallway have formerly engadged themselves, under their common seale, 
foror coneeurnims the re-edifieing of the said Monasterie: and that wee the said Corp 
racion shall build and ereet as much wuorke as the same will come unto, there or any 
Where else without this Towne. or inthe liberties thereof) on their owne ground, for 


the said prior for the tyne being, in dischardze of our consciences, the honnor of eur 
B. Lady and advanceing of Holly Church, and: yf before any other woorke shall be 
donn 





—- 
-e 


. 275 


donn for any other religious work, within the corporacion or francheses of the same. 
In Wittness whereof, wee the Maior, Sheriffes, free Burgesses and Coumonalitye have 
heereunto putt our coumon seall; Given at our Toulsell of Gallway, the twentie 
day of September, in the yeare of our Lord God one tousand, six hundred, fiftie and 
one.” — Orig. 

The following document, relating to the same foundation, may be considered 
curious, as describing the particular divisions and dimensions of the ald church 
alluded to. 


“ A true relation and returne of the undernamed persons, qualified by the 
Mayor and Prior of the said Convent, to try the particulars that were 
demolished and pulled doune of S*. Dominickes abbey, otherwise called 
our Ladie’s Church, in the West Francheses of Gallway, upon presseing 
occations, in order to the preservation of this Toune against the Par- 
lement forces under the comaund of S'. Charles Coote, now incamped 
aboute this Towne, 10° Augusti 1651. 

é Ittim first, there are sixtie seaven feete longe in the side of the church, next the 
doore.—In the side oppositt to the same, from the pincle of the stiple, sixtie fower 
foot longe.—From the stiple to the pincle of the queere, seaventie fower foote longe. 
Fortie fower foote in breath, betweene both the wall, with fower arches in the midle, 
in the bodie of the church_—Twenty two foote broade in the queere betweene both 
the wales.—In the chapel, towards the north, nyneteene foote longe, sixteene foote 
broade, and twelve foote in hight in the wall. In the wale of the bodie of the church 
and queere, twenty three foote in hight to the battlement, and the wale in tickness 
two foote and nyne enciis.—Lasorous house is twentie seaven foote longe, twenty 
foote broade, eighteen foote high, with two chimneys, six windowes, one of which is 
two lights and the rest one light.— In the bodie of the church three windowes of three 
lights, and two gables of three lights.—In the chaple three windowes of three lights, 
and one gable of three lights.—One gable of five lights in the pinicle of the queere, 
one gable of two lights in the side of the queere, six windowes of one light in the 
north side of the queere, and one window of two lights in the north (south) side.—All 
this, besids the battlement and breast wall of the same, together with a small stiple, 
the most of all being made of hued stone, weare demolished and pulled downe ag afore- 
said.—If any of the said battlement or hued stones be brought home for the use of St. 
Nicholas’ Church, payment or satisfaction is to be made to the said religious order, 

“WALTER BROWNE Fitz-Marcus. Curisto: BODKIN. ALEXANDER LINCHE. 
MARTIN FRENCH, CHAMBERLYNE [ |.°"— Orig. 

For a view of “ Our Lady’s Church,” taken before it was so demolished, see the great 

2N2 map 





276 


map of Galway, made A. D. 1651, and preserved in the library of Trinity College. 
Dublin. On the above compact, John O'Tfeyn (for whom see [arris’s Ware, vol i 
p. 295), writes as follows : “ Ecclesia erat vetustissima, sed a Fundamentis destructs 
est ex Concilio Catholicorum Civiuin, ne Inimicus Cromuellus, obsessurus cundem 
Locum, Fortalitium sibi faceret in illa Ecclesia. Ex communi tamen Consensw totus 
Mazistratus spopondit, quod, advertante Pace, totus Conventus reedificaretur in Forma 
priori, Expensia Civitan, et si sperata Tranquillitas affulsisset in Patria, id facerent 
proculdubid, erant enim valde pil, et potentissimi Divitiis multis accedentibus ex 
ingenti Commercio maritime, quo hic Locus exuberat specialiter pre reliquis Regni 
Partibus.”—Fpilog. p. 22. 


NOTE Y. See page 109, note (™). ** Mayeoghegan family.” 

In A.D. 1567, the head or chief of this great and ancient Irish family was Conly 
Mac Geoghegan of Kinaleagh (Crneal Fiachach) in Westmeath; respecting whom Queee 
Elizabeth, in that year, directed the following letter (now first printed) under her sign 
manual and signet, to the lord deputy and chancellor of Ireland. 


* Elizabeth, “ By the Quene. 

“Right trusty and welbeloved. wee greete you well. Wheras Conley Mee 
Geoghegan of Kenaleagh, our faithtull and lowinge subject, hath humbly submitted bim- 
self to our trustie and welbeloved Sir Henry Sidney, knight of our order, and deputy 
af our realme of Ireland, recognising himself'as a fuithtull subject to us and our crowne 
offringe to surrender his estate for him and his sequele, and to receave from us an 
estate according to our pleasure. Wein consideration of his said submission and offers 
are pleased to accept and allow him as our liege man and taithfull subject : and are 
pleased that he shall reeeave from) us these races and special tuvers in Muller and 
forme followinge.—First, that the said Conley Mae Geoghegan deliver unto you our 
said deputy, a full and pleyne particular, note and extent of all the manors, castells, 
lordshipps. landes, tenements, signories, rules, rents, duetyes, eustumes, and comudi- 
ties Whereof he is by any maner of meane seised at this present. And after, we will 
and order, that our chauncellor shall accept and receave of the said Conley Mac Geoghe- 
ill). by dede to be inrelled in our eourt af Chancery within that our realme of Irland, 
the submission of the said Conley Mae Geoghegan, and the surrender and resignation 
of his name of Conley Mae Geoghegan, and of all the said manors, castells, lordships, 
scignoryes, rules, hereditaments, comodities, and profits, with all and singular their 
appurtenances.— After which submission and surrender so made, our pleasure is, that 
yeu our said deputy cause our letters patents, under our great seale of that our reaime, te 
be 


277 


be made to the said Conley Mac Geoghegan during his lyfe; the remaynder to his sonne 
Rosse alias Roger and the heyres males of his body; and the remainder after them to 
the heyres males of the body of the said Conley lawfully to be begotten, of all the said 
castells, manors, lands, tenements, and hereditaments, to hold of us, our heires and 
successors, in capite by knight’s service, and yeldinge, payenge, contributinge and 
doinge to us, our heires and successors, all souch rents, services and attendance, as 
now by any lawe, composition, use or custome he is bound or might have, with souch 
words of variance as to you our said deputy, by assent of the said Conley Mac Geoghe- 
gan, shalbe thought convenient. Neverthelesse, yf it shall seeme necessary to our said 
deputy to alter or change the said rents, duties and attendance, which the said Conley 
is presently holden to doe, into other kynds meeter for our service, we authorise you 
so todo. Item, our pleasure is, in consideration that all manner of obedience is by the 
said Conley Mac Geoghegan, for him and his, offred to us, that is due from a good and 
faithfull subject, that the said Conley and his said heyres males of his body, their 
issues, ofspringe, posteritie, sequele, servants, tenants and followers, shall to the utter- 
most of their powers, contynue for ever faithfull, true and loyall subjects to us, 
our heires and successors, as others our subjects of that realme are bounden by 
their allegiance to do: And, in like manner, shall accept, obey, effectually accom- 
plishe and fulfill the statutes, lawes, writts, processe and ordinances of us our 
heires and successors. And if you our said deputy and counsayll there thinke 
necessary to deale with the said Conley more particularly, we are pleased that you 
shall and may add to the said letters patents so to him to be made, such farther articles 
and covenants on his parte to be observed by him, his said heires, sequele and followers, 
for their better instruction how to behave themselves towards us our heires and suc- 
cessors, and to all other our lovinge subjects, as to you shalbe thought mete and 
convenient. In consideration whereof let it be expressed in the said letters patents, 
that we accepte him, his said heires, posteritie, servants and followers, into our pro- 
tection, to be used, supported, favored, maynteyned and defended as any outher of our 
lovinge subjects, and to be free and exempt from the exactions, servitude and oppres- 
sion of all others, contrary to our lawes, demandinge any thinge of him or them. 
Yeven under our signet, at our Pallais of Westminster, the last day of February 1567, 


in the tenth yere of our reigne. 
é To our trustie and welbeloved our deputy 


and chauncellor of our realme of Ireland 
for the tyme beinge, or to the justices 
of our said realme, and our chauncellor 
there.”—Rot. Pat. de ann. 119. Ehiz. d.— 


From the original roll. 
Conly 





li 


278 


/ 


Conly Mac Geoghegan had by his third wife, Margery Nugent, daughter of Chru- 
topher lord Delvin (Delbhna), Hugh boy (buidhe, or the yellow) Geoghegan, wh. 
died roth June 1622, leaving Art or Arthur Geoghegan of Castletown in the county 
of Meath, Esq., named in the note, p. 108, his son, who married Giles or Julia (alse 
named therein), daughter of James Mac Coghlan, and had Hugh his eldest and 
Edward or Edmond his second son, also named in the note as joint patentee with his 
mother Giles, in the letters patent or grant there referred to, bearing date 15th May 
16°8. In this grant, the castle and lands of Bunowen, &c. were limited to Giles for 
her life, remainder to Edward and his heirs mule, remainder to Edward Geoghegan 
the younger, grandson and heir to Art, and his heirs male, remainder to Conly 
Geoghegan late of Lerha and his heirs male; with remainder to Francis ear! of Longford 
and his heirs for ever, according to a deed of settlement made by said Art, of those lands, 
dated 22nd June 1666. By privy signet dated at Whitehall, 20 Oct. 1677. the King 
directed Giles and Edward her son, to pass certificate and patent of the lands alloted 
to said Art in Connaught, in common with other transplanters, pursuant to the Act 
of Settlement.— Rot, Pat. 29° Car. IL 3 p. f. 

Edward Geoghegan the patentee of Bunowen, was succeeded by his son Charles, 
Whose eldest son, Edward, died A.D. 1765. aged 73 years. His sen Richard sue- 
cneded, and conformed to the Protestant faith on 18" April, 1756: the certificate of which 
conformity, numbered 28 for that year. is preserved in the Rolls’ Office, Dublin, He 
appears to have been a lover of science. and a man of euterprizing genius. Svon after 
his conformity, he visited Holland to ascertain the Duteh method of reclaiming land 
from the sea; and on his return home he suceceded in recovering a considerable tract 
of the lands of Ballyconneely near Bunowen, by erceting a weir or dam to oppose the 
encroachments of the ceean, On this work he placed the following inscription: 
Tos terminos, Deo favente, posit mari Richardus Geoghegan, qui persape corruen- 
Tem azverem luctande restituit, pauea ducens solertia ac perseverantia@ esse impossie 
iúlia. Opus pertectuin fut anne Domini mgk.? This gentleman was enthusiastic 
respecting his Milesian origin: and he was often heard to declare, that, although not the 
“ehief ot his name,” vet that he prized his ancient Trish descent beyond the pedigree 
ir title of the proudest peer of France or Enuland. In A. PD. 1780, he erected a con- 
+pemals octisenial huildin, on the site of the old] fortress of a down (dun) on the 
top of the tail of Doon. mentioned, p. reg. by our author, us a monument to com- 
temorate the concession of free trade to Ireland, us appears by the following inserip- 
tion thereon: tt Deo diberatori Hibernia, A.D. 1780. has aedes conseeravit, anno 
eodenk aratis et laetuss N, Gé Te died 4" Jan., 1800. age 83 vears, His eldest 
son aml heir, John, assumed the surnaie: of O'Neill only, by virtue of the Royal sign 


manual, 





279 


manual, dated 19th Dec., 1807; and was succeeded by his eldest son and heir, John 
Augustus, the present talented and accomplished proprietor of Bunowen; who, the 
elder branch having failed, is now the head or chief of the Milesian family of Ma- 
geoghegan of Ireland. 


NOTE Z. See pp. 112, 113, note ("). ‘ Imay, Ballymac-Conroy, Castle of Down.” 


The island of Imay or Omey (called also in old writings Imaith and Umma, but 
the meaning of the word does not appear), is situate on the western coast of far- Con- 
naught, and gives name to the parish of Omey. This parish is bounded north by that 
of Ballinakill, east by Ballinakill and the parish of Moyrus, south by Moyrus and the 
parish of Ballindoon, and west by the Atlantic ocean. The island of Omey is men- 
tioned at an early period of our ecclesiastical history. The account of the erection of 
the monastery founded there by St. Fechin in the seventh century, and referred to, 
ante, note’, p. 112, is here translated from the Latin of Colgan, as follows: 

“ On a certain night, the holy man being in the monastery of Easdara [ Ballysa 
dare in the present county of Sligo], was by an angel admonished in his sleep, that 
it was the divine will that he should go to a certain island of the ocean, which is called 
Imaidh [Omey], situated in the western district of Connaught. St. Fechin obeys the 
admonitions of the angel, and, with the intention of gaining many souls to Christ, 
and increasing the monastic institute, he, accompanied by some disciples, sought the 
island just mentioned, where he proposed to dwell and build achurch. But the inha- 
bitants, by the suggestion of the Devil, endeavoured by all means to exclude him; 
whence, at night, they, several times, cast into the sea the spades, axes, iron tools, and 
other instruments which his monks used in the work of building; but as often as they 
were thus cast, so often, being cast back on shore, they were found by the monks in the 
morning. But when the man of God and his monks, thus meeting with the opposition 
of the people, persisted in continual labours, watchings and fasts, and the people, 
hardened in malice, denied them all nourishment, at length two of the brethren 
perished, being exhausted through want. But St. Fechin, having poured forth for his 
servants a prayer to the Lord, in complying with whose will those who were thus ex- 
hausted had perished, merited that they should be recalled to life. And when the 
rumours of the occurrence had reached the ears of the king, Guarius the son of Colman, 
he took care that sufficient nourishment in meat and drink should be brought to St. 
Fechin. He added also his royal phial, which even to this day is called Cruach 
Fechin. Afterwards, all the islanders, being converted to Christ, were baptized by 
St. Fechin, and they consigned themselves and their island to the use and service of St. 
Fechin and his successors. The man of God founded another monastery in a neigh- 

bouring 


280 


bouring island which was formerly called Inis-iarthuir [but] at present Ardoilen.~ 
To this Colgan adds as a note (ta). “This, from being a noble monastery, was made 
a parish church of the diocese of Tuam, in which St. Fechin is held in great veneration, 
as the patron of the church and the island; from which also we have received the Irish 
Book of the life of St. Fechin, of which we have made mention above in the notes tu 
the former life of St. Fechin, N. 32.” 

Gaurius, the king mentioned in this extract, was the generous and houspitahl 
Guaire king of Connaught, who died, according to the annals of Tigernach, in A.D. 
663. From the foregoing narrative it appears that Omey was one of the last 
retreats of Paganism in Ireland. In A.D. 1017, the Four Masters record the death of 
Fergus, vicar of Lomaith (Omey). Upwards of three centuries ago, a branch of the 
ancient family of O'Toole of Leinster settled in Oiney, under the protection of th 
western ©’Flaherties. 

* The O' Tooles of Conmaicne-mara” (Conamara). 

On 12" Sept. 1540, the Lord Deputy of Ireland wrote to King Henry VIIL 
that the peace with “the Otholeys (the O’ Tooles of Leinater) endeth upon Monday 
nexte; and yt it is thought good by us all here. that if they will not com to suche con- 
dition of peace as shalbe thought by Your Magesties Counsell te be to vour honour 
and suertie, that we shall, with all diligence, procede to their utter banishment, whiche ie 
more to be don with peyne then with any grete power. For theos same Otholes be 
men inhabyting the montynes, wher they neyther sowe corne, nevther yet have inha- 
bytation, but only the woodes and marreyses, and yet do more harme to your English 
Pale. then the moost parte ofall Trelande.”—State Papers, Lond. 1834. vol. iii. p. 239. 
See also p. 266, for a subsequent communication to the king respecting O'Toole. 
wherein he is told that “this Thirrologh is but a wretched person, and a man of ne 
wrete power, neyther having house to put his hedd in, nor yet money in his purse te 
buy hym a varment, vet may he well make two or three hundred men, Assuring vour 
Hieshnes that he hath doon more hurte to veour English Pale then any man in Irlande.” 
On this occasion, Tirlogh and his brother Art oe petitioned the King for grants of the 
territory of Fereullen, and the manor of Castle-Kevin, in the present county of Wick- 
low, tor which see the same State Papers, p. 270: and, for the King’s letter directing 
patents to be passed to them see same, p. 270. The curious conditions on which these 
patents were ranted, have been omitted in the published State Papers alluded to; bat 
they will be found enrolled on the Patent Roll, 32. 33 Hen. VIIL Rolls Office, Dublin 

Anterior to this perk doa branch of these © O'Tooles of Leinster” emigrated to the 
west of Ireland, and settled in the island of Qaeg in lar-Connanght, where their descend. 
ants still remain, note "ae, D. 117, but mostly reduced toa state of poverty. 1n the 


Office 





281 


Office of Arms, Dublin, I find the following ‘ Pedigree of the O’Tooles of Conmaicne- 
mara in West Connaught.” 
é Tuathal (Toole) O'Toole. 

Dunchain O'Toole. 

Dermod Sugach O’ Toole. 

Dermod Oge O’Toole. 

Awley O’Toole. 

Hugh O'Toole. 

Toole O’ Toole. 

Felim O’ Toole. 

Theobald O’ Toole. 

Edmond O’Toole, of Conmaicne-mara.” 

In A.D. 1586, the last-named Theobald (Zibbott) O’Toole, who is described as “a 
supporter of the poor, and keeper of a house of hospitality” (i. e. a Biatagh), was hanged 
by a party of Sir Richard Bingham’s soldiers, who were seft on a predatory excursion 
to lar-Connaught.—Four Masters. The present O’Tooles of Conamara are reduced to 
poverty; and are utterly ignorant of their origin. 


“ Ballymac Conroy.” See page 113. 

In Irish Gaile mic Connor, the townland of Mac Conroi. This Conroi was the 
first chief of the territory of Gnomore, in Jar-Connaught. See Additional Note S, 
p- 253- Many centuries after his time, some of his descendants emigrated westward 
towards the coast, and settled in this district of Ballymac Conroy, to which they gave 
name. After the introduction of the English tongue into Iar-Connaught, the name of 
the clan Mhic Conroi was anglicised “Mac Conry,” ‘“‘M‘Enry,” and finally, but im- 
properly, ““ King,” as if the original name was Mac an Righ, i.e. son of the King. The 
district of Ballymac Conroy was also anglicised ‘“‘ Kingstown ;” and thus the ancient 
name was wholly obliterated. The following instrument appears to have been entered 
into before these latter changes were made :— 

é This Indenture made the twelfthe of Aprille Anno Domini 1615, betwine Morroghe 
ne Moyer O’Fflaherty of Bonnowen in the county of Gallwey, esq’ one thone partie, 
and Knohor (Connor) m“ Conry of Balle m°Conry in thaforesaid county also gentl. one 
thother partie: witnessethe that I the said Morroghe ne moyer O’Fflaherty have 
demissed unto the said Knohor m‘Conry his heires, executors and assignes, for ever, 
all that the haulfe cartrone of Eigherpoete set. lyinge and beinge in Balle m‘Conry 
within the barrony of Ballenehensse, in length and breathe as it dothe extend, together 
with all turffes, meadowes, pastures, mountaynes, watters, ffyshings and all other 
thappurtenances thereinto belonginge: To have and to hold to the said Knohor 

IRISH ARCH. 80C. NO. 15. 20 m*Conry 





282 


m‘Conry his heires, executors and assignes’ sole and proper use and occuppacion for 
ever; yealdinge and paying by the feast of all sts: yearly, the just some of six shillings 
and eight pence sterling, together with fower pence ster. to the said Moroghe and his 
heires, collectors or sargents: And also yealdinge the king’s rents and all other contri- 
butions together with O’Fflaherty is rent, if any should grow, over and besides tha- 
foresaid some of six shillings and eight pence ster. and I the said Morroghe ne Moyer 
O’Ftlaherty mine heires, executores and assignes, the said Knoher m‘Conry his heiress, 
executores and assignes, in the possession, use and occupation of the same, shall save. 
Warrant, acquite and defend against all manner of personne and personnes whatsoever. 
In withness whereote wee have hereinto interchangeably sett our haunds and sealls, 
the day and year first above wrytten. Morrogh MF. ne Moyer O'Flaherty. Present 
wee whose names insueth : TE. O°FFLAHERTIE.—DONNELLE OGE M‘*CONRY, is marke. 
—Epswonp MDOoNNELL M‘Conry.—RiIcHARD LyNCHE.”—Orig. 

The last-named witness was a Galway lawyer, by whom legal instruments were 
prepared tor the natives of Iar-Connaught at this period. These instruments were 
somtimes written in [rish, often in Latin, but generally in English, although it was 
then almost an unknown tongue in the district. Those in English usually con- 
tain certificates of having been read and explained in Irish to the contracting parties. 
The tollowing testamentary disposition by one of the Clan M‘Enry, has been 
transeribed by the Editor from the original, preserved with other curious documents 
in the diocesan Registry of Tuam :— 


"Jesus, Maria. 


The last will and Testament of Bryan MM‘ Enry, made the 13" of Fiebruary in 
the yeare of our Lord God 1601, in the presence of Patrick Martin, Ed. M* Bryan, 
Murragh M' Bryan, de. First, I bequeathe my soule to God Almighty, and my 
beady te be interred in the church of Kill. 2. 1 bequeath a good in-calte cow and 
calte ofa yeare old next May to my sister Sicily. 3. 1 bequeath a heffer of a yeare 
ol last May te my Unkle Murrogh, and a mare to my father, and a sheep to Mary 
han Mi Én. 4. Lerder a cowe of two yeare old last May to be given to M' Pat. 
Martin, and three sheep to be given to my wife. 5. Edmond M' Moyler owes me 
seaven shúdlinas, and dohn M' Myler two shillings, which I order to be given to the 
three priests. G. AD, Pat" Martin owes me nine shillings, Bryan AÍ Enry owes me 
twelve shillings, dohn Shoy tive shillings and ten pence, Owen Mt Dermott, Teige 
Mi Dermott) and Donnell Moghan owes me five shillings. 7. Lowe Wiham Sker- 
rett ten shillings, Edward Martin one shilling, Anstas Martin three shillings, and 
Johu Kelly three shillings, which is te be paid out uf the abuve debt, as Pat’, 
Martin shall think ftt.°—Orn. 


* Caatle 


283 


é Castle of Down.” See page 113. 
The castle of Down or Doon, in Irish Catplean an Oúna, was situate on a high 
rugged rock on the mainland, N. E. of the island of Omey. Its site is now occupied 
by the ruins of an old house, but the outer walls of the original building, four feet 


thick, are still traceable. Opposite the castle, on the south side of the inlet of the - 


ocean called Streamstown Bay, stood the chapel of Kill, said to have been erected 
about 250 years ago, by one Dubhdara Mac Conroi; who, according to tradition, was 
put to death by the O'Flaherty who then resided in Doon castle. The chapel and 
castle may be seen marked on Larkin’s large map of the county of Galway. 

In this vicinity lived the bard Mac Sweeny (mentioned ante, p. 112, note") who 
has celebrated the castle of Doon, in a curious poem in his native language, entitled 
“ C(bném an Phica,” the song of the Púca or Goblin, a hairy sprite somewhat akin 
to the well-known Brownie of Scotland, but more mischievous. This production | 
am induced to insert here as a specimen of modern Irish versification. . It is popular 
among the natives of Iar-Connaught, and is generally sung to music. 


“ (tbnán an Phica. 

“ Einedcaid mé aip maioin a n-ainm an vomnang, 
Cfsur pacpaid me a cémnaibde ain énocdinin bán, 
Oeanpad mé ceaé ann an leatcaob an béeaip, 

CI b-posur vo’n cómagp a bur agur call, — 

CÍ n-die a m-beió asam pean bealaí asur bócon, 
Caiopneam Luce edlaip, peap loinse agur bdo, 
Siaid gol ag luce ealabdan ’p ag ógánaís dga, 

Cl long an edlaip a ceace ain mo ppdio, 


Ir é 1ompao na g-cailleac ip na peanvaofne cpionna, 
O’pag meanball aip m’innenn, ip néull ann mo ceann, 
Ca a pad go b-puil an Pica ann ó aimpip na ofleann’, 
Go b-pacaid na vaoine é, ace ní puil flop cia an c-am; 
Híon 6-é pin vob aie hom-ra a teace p&rte an seimpe, 
C beir véanam forbaipe a pig an mo pao. 
'S 
s It is generally believed that the Púca hassur- going out on that night, for fear of encountering this 
vived the deluge. He is supposed to be particularly formidable phantom of the imagination. To reason 
busy on All-Hallow-eve; and many persons avoid with them on the subject is useless. 
202 


-_ EE EE of ———— “- - - hte ¢ 7” 


= ow. 


fae ft bt oes 


& — — —s - “a 


a ooo 


284 


'S so m-bionn pé 'na cat ip "na mada "ran oíóce, 
'8 nap óó:éce ’na Phuca é, ná na pean seapnán bán. 


Cf cémapranang oflire cusaíó sam congnam, 

Csup ofbpeocards mé an Dúca amaé arp an tne, 
Cuippeao faof geara é ip Faoi baoipre na h-dmlace’, 
Oan a ceact don ofdce coíóce níor saipe ionú an Mam». 
Chinn ré ain a n-Gpiallae ir aip Phéopurg vo Dúpca, 
Ip arp an méid peandipid vo Bí ’p an aie, 

ce pedlpan-pa pfor é go bun cnuic an oúnat, 

Mop 4 6 pull caipledn a’ Phica tua 1 n-a bánn. 


Fagpaw mé ann pin é go 5-carécean náire an geimne, 
Cabaine mancuideact bo maonaib, oneam eipgear porn la, 
No tonnpoivead ré Carmol ene ceane-lap na Muitmneaé, 
mae go Sliab caonac, no anonn vo'n cín bán : 

No cewead pé "na ceannpone ain margipepfd bpufgne, 
Síogsmó pata Cpuacain nó Finnbeapa Meada‘, 

No a faipe pean caiplean amp aipopeun no puaiopead, 

Go bun cnuic an uaignip nó anonn go Sliab Sagan’. 


Cuippio mé raonra le h-lomaipe an líonónní, 

’S ní léispíió mé aman é can Mham an cuine móin, 
Muna n-véanan ré aregeapp epe Dhaile na h-ínpre", 
H'áic a m-beio rent! maioin ip neóin. 

Hí léigpid me conam ain calum nú aip cuinn é, 

'S buno aineacur sninn agam poime 'T un nós, 

Ip ma curcun vo Tuc é", peap mare ca ‘pan cín fo, 
HSainfd oe píora ve’n leitceann no an e-ppon. 


'8 
"See ante, p. 130, f Tomaine an Liondin.—See this place de 
© The hill of Down or Doon, on which stood the seribed, p. 51. 
castle of that name, mentioned pp. 113, 283. ~ Ballynahinch, for which se p. 92. 
“i... Cnoc Meusu pruil.—For this well- bh John Joyce, better known by the name of 
hnown hill, see p. 147. Shane na Baine.—He was one of the gigantic race 


‘ice. Shab’ Odgna na o-cuae, a mountain — inhabiting the Ross mountains; and was remarkable 
in the county and barony of Roscommon, The name for his stature, strength, and yood-humour. He has 
is incorrectly translated " white mountain” in the been frequently mentioned by modern tourists as 4 
Statistical Survey of that county, p. 19. fair specimen of a rural Irishman. 


, 





285 


38 éa6 maor O'Oubónn an piopdnac Loemapi, 

Crann pearea na carpe nan clip a n-aon gab, 

Oa b-pagad ré sperm píobónn, no connáin na guailne arp, 
Ceagpad ré an Pica ip mó cdinic a nam, 

Raépamn-ps a m-bannaid á g-cuinpíúe ean cuan é, 

N ac d-ciucpad an puaig cun an beatae ro mop, 

78 nac rearad an clearaid a n-aon ceand ve’n Colge, 

Híor scine ioná Gondoin nó Tuacdmumain Un Spa’. 


Cá muimgin mare agam-ra ap áníon Phaopuig Sedigig, 
60 b-péacpand ré por é le cumap a cnam, 

Cinedl na n-gaipgibeac ip na proipide cpdganca 
Ghluair lé Scnongbou cugainn ap bneacain análls, 

Oá s-cappoióe 56 an Dúca a g-ceanc-lán a’ bdeaip, 

Ce cum an cnéénóna no comall noim lá, 

Oheic ré "sú lapcad lé baca ip lé odpnaro 

Go s-cuinpeab ré mdid ain gan pilleaó go bnát. 


Ca b-puispeáó-pa capall com mae leir an b-Piica, 
Oheit meanmnaé, lúcman ag iméecctc ’p ax roiúecct, 
78 o& mbad efor ag ceann Ccla do eóispedó ré uallac, 
Oheic ré a leat-uain ag seacaíó baile dea cliae. 
Carpad 06 Cacti! a n-veine na h-ofdce, 

°S é véanam aoip opfpil a mie n-v1a1d mná, 

Thiomam ré leir é so cóin Rinne maoile”, 

’*§ cauepnon reníobéa tanc lé na ceann. 


i O'Dubhain, Anglicé Duane, an old Milesian fami- 
ly of Iar-Connaught, anciently attached to the O’Fla- 
herties, and still highly respectable. Of this family 
was Counsellor Mat. Duane of Lincoln’s Inn, London, 
distinguished in the last century for his learning and 
antiquarian knowledge. See an interesting letter 
from him in the Irish Magazine, Dublin, 1809, p. 
425. | 

j The district of Thomond or Clare, 

k This alludes to the British extraction of the 
Joyces, for which see ante, p. 45; and Additional 
Note Q, p. 246. 





Chuaid 


' Lackey or Malachy O'Malley, a wit and 
“ Rhymer” who lived near the mountains of Partry, 
and of whom many facetious stories are still related. 
The ludicrous employment of Púca-driver here as- 
signed him by his friend, Mac Sweeny, gave occa- 
sion to several good-humoured sallies between these 
rival wits, which are still remembered by their ad- 
mirers. 

m Rinvile, the residence of Henry Blake, Esq. 
This place, with Aughris, the seat of Geoffrey Coneys, 
Esq., and the other localities mentioned in the suc- 
ceeding stanzas, are well known in this district. 


286 


Chua an Puca go Faillim ain marvin ora haoine, 
(zs 1appaw aobup bnírce ve’n Euvach vob peánn, 
Thaing an deipeanar, ip cute ain an ofdce, 

Asup topaig ré ag cuoine n-uain a omer an lá ; 
Ohi ré ag pEpeudud ‘pag imeeace cup emmeooll, 

Go b-pagao ré viveun aperg leir na mndb, 

Sedlao go h-Eacpurr ip go baile Conpor é, 

(mae tne cnoc mdaoírar ir gone Innip meadoin. 


Q comanranu oilre pu buachailwe óga, 

Cn méiv agaib cuigíor claónur mo cap, 
Cigide Cugam-ru a n-lonud mo Conganta, 

O° B-ceapam an cúine-reo a n-atuid ep lá, 
Cuippeamuid ceacé ann a n-ainm 4 1epuie, 

Go n-oibmigeam a’ Puca umaé ar a laun, 

'S é amm biap peapeu cup Coéan a c-piomyu, 
QOsgur conrleun Mic Suibne cuar 1 n-a bapp. 


But the most popular of Mac Sweeny’s compositions is an ironical description ofa 
" Conamara Wedding,” wherein he recapitulates, in a strain of considerable humour. 
the preparations made fur the feast, and enumerates the guests to be invited on the 
occasion. It has been said of the description of an entertainment at Templehouse in 
Sligo, in the last century, that it might be considered “as the ne plus ultra of all the 
subjects, that the wit of man has ever devised, to excite and continue the loudest 
peals of laughter.”°— Walker's Memoirs of the Irish Bards, vol.\. p. 331, Dub. Ed. 1818. 
To apply this to the following effusion might be thonght presumptuous; but we may 
safely aflirm that no one who understands the Irish language can hear the * Cons- 
mara Wedding” recited or sung by a native, without acknowledging the comic 
powers of the author®. Hud Mac Sweeny received the advantages of our well-known 
countryman, O'Keeffe, he would, probably, have displayed equal wit and humour. 
Samir 


0 In the first four stanzas, a rich assortment of — music.” The eatables are next provided, beginning 


dresses is ordered for the bride; and, for the feast, an 
abundant supply of wine and whiskey, beer in boat - 
loads, tea and spices of all Kinds, including © nutmegs 
and saltpetre:" with all the necessary apparatus of 
“knives and forks” (which, it appears, were not 
at that time in yeneral use in Conamara). pipes, 
tobacco. cards, backvaminun boxes, and "banda of 


in the fifth stanza, with a profusion of fish, from the 
herring tu the ** tortoise ;" in the aixth stanza, wild 
fowl in great variety ; and in the seventh, all kinds 
of meat, from the ox to the badger; with a human 
hint that it would be pradent to have these lated 
viands either boiled or roasted. In the three follow. 
ing stanzas the guests are cnumerated, These con- 


287. 


bamr Pheg ní h-Cagpar. 


4 laBpaip Phercin’, sluair go capans, 
O ’p cú cá cum a déanca, 
Tabain leac a baile Gobap narcoanl 
Cgur clóca pásc piova,* 
Ónósa ’p pacenr, cnoraw galloa, 
Císur mbinige veapa epfota, 
Olouer ip bobr ip sac aon nid dear 
Odnp pogann v’aon bean ’pan pigeacr. 
fob pin agad pompebóne, 
Spangleo nic ip bner-cap món 
Pousenes haippm, ueoge pomacum, 
Mupp mare véanca 
Chum a sleurea, 
Ce haomg pean a céndgas. 


Einpge aip manoin ’p gleup do capall, 
*S me1g leac go h-eupga, 

Síor so Sarllim map b-puil na ceannargre, 
Cabaip leac sac ni odp péioip ; 


sist of the great Milesian families of Connaught, 
with some ‘‘ Strongbonians” and ‘‘ Cromwellians,” 
“16 ndp cóin”; and they end with the neigh- 
bouring gentry, and others of Iar-Connaught, who 
are summed up with some keen touches of wit. To 
complete the irony, the father of the bride is intro- 
duced, and the furniture of his cabin displayed, viz., 
a pot, a spinning-wheel, and a kneading-trough for 
dough; although bread was a luxury which the 
family never tasted. The spirit of this curious poem 
would be entirely lost by translation. See Tytler’s 
“ Principles,” chap. xiii. 

e “The wedding of Peggy O'Hara,” but more 
generally called the “ Conamara wedding.” The 
number of English words, borrowed for want of corres- 
ponding terms in Irish, shews the increase of the Eng- 


Fion 


lish language in Iar-Connaught. These alien addi- 
tions would be indignantly rejected by the older bards. 

P Laurence Fechin, i. e. Laurence the son of 
Fechin. The surname was Coneely, for which 
see ante, p. 27, note t. It is common in the 
west of Ireland to make the Christian name of the 
father answer as a surname for the son. Hence 
Fechin Coneely’s son is called Laurence Fechin. 
This practice has tended to multiply surnames. 
With this Laurence the irony commences. He was 
a little lame tailor of Cloghaun (Clifden), a bad 
horseman, and certainly the most unfit provider of 
a feast that could possibly be selected. 

a Rascal. A slang name formerly given in the 
west of Ireland to an outside great-coat. This is 
one of the borrowed words. 


a ai. = 2am @ ae 


- Fr | ae rn u— RR Ni = Lee OE ee 


288 


Fíon a'r bnanod!, piicpa canna, 
Proban, corppe a’p cea lear, 
Cn rian Y an pope, ’p an miar mare geal, 
*§ ná veapmand coióoce an péacanp. 
An pid vo Biar an bainip mon, 
Ceactpop ain fie cid ve lucc ceóil, 
Sanop of muric ag an g-cúilpíonn 
Ip io go pugac 
Os reinm ciúin ain eéanaib, 


Ill. 
Tabaip Leac mupeupo, map an cupeaino, 
Cuppeen mop ip ceapor, 
Siod an gac lám leac cúpla ián 
Ctsur 1av-pin lán lamoncat, 
Qbland, ualnucy, cnotai galloa, 
Cemonr le punch a déanam, 
Uine vecanvepp, beoin ’na ceann-ran, 
dfod bo bonn-ra sléurea. 
Sump cacbapac go leon, 
Cácaio milre ip pancacer món, 
Fíon a n-alaimíó, punch a g-canaió, 
C1 láim sac rcunpuioe, 
Q m-béul sac bealag, 
loin oú ceann na mforu. 


IV, 
Tabaip leac bid ve leann mair lúnoin, 
Can luce oan ip ríomra, 
Na veapman gpdiceip, cubaip do pare leac, 
Nucmeg aY pulcpecpe ; 
Paca capoaid, borca caiplir, 
Féac, na pag nu uíprlíse, 
Sin 


r Jamaica,” i.e. rum, " Geneva” íe. gin. is dered genuine, as it was more frequently “ ma” 
often substituted fur this word; but rum is consi- —gled"” into Conamara than Geneva. 


289 I 
Sin ip a lán nac b-puil "ran g-canoc, 
Cobac ldioip ip propa, 
Cin pao a Bior an pacluir món, 
4 b-puil an Eipinn de Luce ceoil, I 
Spoéine ip aicear, slop ip caipmine 
Frmp an ainnip, 
Og luce ealadna na típe. 


Vv. 


Ssolbans Fpancac® pag gan ampur, 
Canga ip spors ma Fpéioin, 
Speac ip bpadan, ponnac, pxavan, 
Oíoób 50 po mare gléarea. 
Ni món duiepionall, ím ip peippill, 
Fégnann pin don méio pin. i 
Span ir ballác ir cndodn oeans 
Oo éongnam éum an Fegpca. 
Caitpip conbano, plúc ir pol, 
I 
Oliomac muipe tp pancán mop. | 
Oc¢ arg an aivear ip an cclavac, 
60 Fíu an concoire. 
Oo néin mo cuigpin m Berd mn eapband, 
Caitpip a cun le céile, 


VI. 
Fag pean gunna ip cuip amac é, 
Q manbrap oúinne eanlais, 
Naopga ip peados, miap mart opuivedg, 


Cpeabap caoé ip céippeac ; 
Cúpla colum bior a g-colaimn, 


Sin ir buinnean léana, 
Connoub, gealban, cnucac neamgn, 


Unogeon, ir mé an c-éan é. 
Caicpiom 


¢ 8solbano pnancac.—A ásh knowninEng-  ble for his booming in the Léana, “the sedgy shal- 
ish by the name of “ Maiden-ray.” Rata clavata. low.” Ardea stellaris. 

t Sumnean léana.— The bittern, remarka- 

IRISH ARCH. 80C. I5. 2P 


ll 





290 


Caitfpiom pacpuirgive od’ pérgail 

T a &-cun ap rceuepr pug aip clár, 

Caca ir bansal, sé agur aanuol, 

Coileac pnancac, bioó pad paneac 

Cin a bneam Fin, *nuaip a Bíor pad gleupta. 


Fag pgaca mancuigeace 'p blob $4 leagad 
Ourcoiníse na cine, 
Oeanfar peannao so luaé capans, 
Ip maipbeocap pgaca caonaé, 
Cn pin mop beannac, bnoc an gleanna. 
Sin ’p an eilicc maol, leac 
Uan ip luán, gabap ir miondn, 
Ni corcar gaca b-puige cú. 
Óíoó laoig mare biadea glearea ain bóna, 
Conc món peamap, ip pigin ós, 
Miolbuide ip coinín, cupla picin, 
Oo pein mo Euigre, ip moive an €-einneac, 
lao a Ber€ bnurece ip popeed. 


VIIL. 
Sgion de praíonnaó rior go Sliseac 
'S cabaip O’Concubaip’ epéan lear, 
Opianang, Oalarg, Flarebeancag, Malls, 
O’Ceapbaill 'r O'Neill leac; 


"In Fring mon Seannac, — The red 
mountain deer. See p. 121, note ©. 

* The Milesian families here invited were the 
(YConors Sligo, the O'Briens, O'Dalys, O' Flaherties, 
i Malleva, O'Neilla, Mac Carthys, 
O'Brien Lord Clare, O'Rorke, (O'Hara, and Mac 
Among the neighbouring gentry. 


O'Cartolls, 


Sweeny Fanad. 
the “ Stronzbonians” and ** Cromwellians” enume- 
rated in the succeeding stanzas, we find (reoffry 


Coneys of Achrisbey, the Bodkins, the Lynches, and 


died 


Walter Coneys, who built the first howe in CTigdes, 
wep. 112, note. The "great doctor,” it appears 
was an itinerant quack. ‘* Mister Sume,” a weit 
known “smuggler” of the name of Paddy Cloghestr 
Cloch a Stone, Gordon mor, or Gordon the great. a 
testy old pedayogue ; Richard Martin, the late co- 
lonel of duelling celebrity; M. St. George of Hesd- 
ford; the Blakes and Brownes; and ** Mistress Davia” 
a lady who used to boast that she was ‘a Crom 
wellian with a Williamite now.” 


291 


diod leac Mac Capraig, Cageanna an Chladip, 
O’Ruanpe a níor ó'n m-Gpéipne, 
Sin 'r O' h-€aánas ! Mac Suibne Fanan, 
Ip Clann Ohonéow na Cerre. 
fod Senongbonianp leac go león, 
Mumeip Cnomell, síó nán cóin 


Cín méis u' á g-cine nac 5-cuipim an ruime 


Oheimm aip pao go léim óóib, 


IX. 
Cuucpaió an iomas aip an ccuipead 
Mon uaryle na cine, 
Séatpin Coner a b-puil a n-lomano, 
Sdivicinige ip Cinpige, 
Ohóncen Coner cpoie gan ceils, 
'S Séumor Ghaba Pmonnpa, 
Cn boccún mop, ip manZipeip Seon, 
8 a muincip leir cap ermeoll. 
Oluar ain Foinse Mipcen Scone, 
Supep-capngo ip Hopooen mép, 
Cf ccomnne gperte, ní nac péioin, 
Ueoding pabounrp a cun te céile, 


O0 0-etg16 prad Mp mu copecnó. 


X. 
Cúpla pam a bi ’pan léeanp, 
Qip an man liom endcead ain aon piocr, 
Ripceapd Maincin, Sc. Seonse, Manreps, 
laplarg ip cgeannang a n-caompeacr; 
Opunarg, Slacarg Fhupbare álainn, 
Csgurp uaiple bneag na h-Cipeann, 
Oháicen 6g na veapmann pór, 
Dan liom níon cóin a énéimonn, 
Sfob gac ovine map €ucnó ré a 5-céim, 
Cf n-1onad purove am leié leir péin, 
Gan aon g'ú d-zaieige ace pilive 
Flaca ip plearpgaw ealaina, 
Cé h-agmd airce a óeanam. 
,; 2 Pa 


XI. 


292 


Xi. 
Nac mép an deapmand pinne an pean 
Oo cua ag cpuinndgad an Féapca, 
hugo, Mama, Hóna m Fhatancang, 
Siobdn ip mangipepear Oabir. 
Ginnonpiu, Ruarwpige, Smgio nf Ohpuavanp, 
Maipe ni Tuaéanl ip Benur, 
Opfgio ir Tomar, muineip Cidedin, 
Ip Sceapán ceann an méio pin. 
Guo é suo fein an gliomac cóin, 
Ory aise pagbad poe an dip, 
Cp 1omoa cporsún ! n-a Botan, 
Cúnna ip cqnoman ip matoe icedin, 
Poca, lorao ip cpratan.” 





The ironical song or mock-elegy which follows, is an old favorite in lar-Connaught. 
It has been attributed to Mac Sweeny, but improperly, for it is now ascertained to be 
the production of a cotemporary bard of perhaps superior powers, the late Richard 
Barret, a native of Erris in Mayo; and every Irish reader will, we think, be gratified 
ut finding it preserved here. It is entitled Edghan coir, which may be paraphrased 
Owen, the honest and humane. This hero is still remembered as one of the most ra- 
pacious ‘land-agents” of his time. For poignancy of wit, and felicity of expression, 
these few stanzas have seldom been excelled. Mr. Knight, in his Account of Erris, 
Dublin, 1836, 8vo. describes Barret as ''a man of real genius, though entirely unknown 
to the world. His humorous compositions, in Irish, were exceedingly pleasant, gene- 
rally ironically satirical; he extravagantly praised those for qualities of which they had 
the oppusites.”—p. 121. The following is one of the latter description :— 


“ Cóghan cóin. 


Fa 


‘Nuc é ro an rséal oeacnac ‘pan efp-pi, 
CI n-unacon cnoíóe agur Bnóin, 
O pasbur ré Cneagún an líne 
Oo 0-ce16 ré go o-cí cin Fal mop. 
C1 leicéio de pgpeaond ’p ve cuoine 
Híon clumead ‘pan o-cip-pi pór, 
©O'd. nf purl againn a n-tongnad, 


O caillead, papaoin! Edgan cóin. 
Ohi 


293 


Ohi gnaoi agur sean ag sac n-aon ain, 
Cín reanoume cpion’p an c-dz, 

Ohí an rmóbin ’p an oadbip a n-snáó leir 
Map geall ain a Cpofde mart, món, 

Ce coga ip le poga na cine 
Oo cartead pé pforard dip, 

Ip lé vaoine bocea eile níon rpío leir 
Soivdéal ve’n c-pibin o’dl. 


Ta Cncoine OH aban ag caofnead, 
Ip ní bee Seán O’Saofsilla b-pad beó, 
O caillead a s-capaio 'ran cín ro 
Tr é o'pagbaio a 5-cpolde pao: bnón; 
Cn anacain catain níon pinead, 
'T é mearaim, pa liag na poo, 
Coin neac bud meara vo’n off-pt 
loné an buine boce maol, Edgan cóin. 


Sud po marie ag cósbail an ciora é, 
Gud beag se mi no 06, 
O° n-violcaid an bó aip an aonac, 
No an g1oca do bivead ’pan c-peol. 
'8 é oubaine Seamar Pheavdaip mic Riabaig, 
Ip é ag agaipe aip Rig na n-deon, 
Oo néin man bi; pe-pion do ógoínib 
Oup ab amlaid bew Cpforoa 66. 


Clon agur peace annra Line, 
Csup occ do cup Fíor paof 56”, 
Cná glac pe-pion cead le na baoine 
Cgur níon labain re gxíos níor mó. 
Ca ré veanbea, pgpfobea, 
Oun calam ip cpfoc sac bed, 
Ip com pao ap be1dmid “ran c-paogal-po 
Cá mipoe óúinn bpaon beag o ól, 





NOTE 
" A.D, 1788. 


294 


NOTE A.A. See page 115, note ". ‘* Bofin tale.” 


The island of Bofin was surrendered to the Parliamentary forces on the 14th of 
February, 1652. The articles of capitulation will be found among the curious collec- 
tion of that class, announced for publication by the Irish Archeological Society. The 
few extracts, from other original sources relating to this island, which folluw here, 
may be found useful by the future topographer. 

After the surrender, the “State” ordered that the fortifications at Bofin should be 
repaired. But on aoth Feb. 1655, Sir Hardresse Waller, and Colonels Hewson and 
Sankey represented to the Council of State, that ‘the works at Bofin should be aban- 
doned, and the garrison drawn thence to some other place; and £1000 to be advanced te 
block up the harbour.” It was accordingly ordered, ‘that if any undertaker will un- 
dertake to block up the harbour there, and secure the performance, he may have £600 
for so doing; and to sell the barque Elizabeth of Galway, which was sent to Buffin to 
carry lime-stone there.”—Original Council Book, Dublin Castle. 

This intention of blocking up the harbour was afterwards abandoned, and the State 
again resolved to fortify the island. On grd June, 1656, it was ordered, " that a fort 
be erected and built on the islund of Bofin, and that the other fortifications there be 
repaired, for the defence of the said island; and that of the 22 guns in the island, 6 or 
8 of the shorter size be sent to Galway for the State’s use, and that, instead of them, 3 
longer be sent to Boffyn with good carriages, bullets, &c.”—Jd. On iath June, 1656, 
ordered, “that it shall be taken into consideration to send an able, pious, and orthudox 
minister of the gospell to be settled at Bofin, to be paid with the company.” Also 
“that Sir Charles Coote do consider of ordering that Colonel John Honnor, the gover- 
nor there, shall suffer no Irish to keepe any boats upon any parte of that coast of 
[r-conaght, the co. of Mayo, or adjacent islands; also to exclude all ill-affected Irish 
out of that island, and clearing the same of all dangerous and disaffected persons.” 
Also, on same day: * Whereas this Council Board is informed that there is a necessity 
of appointing a Justice of peace for the island of Baffin, to take care for the mendinge 
of highways from Galway towards the said island, and also to regulate other disorders 
there—ordered that the Lords Commissioners of the great seale be and are hereby de- 
sired to put Lieutenant Colonel Honnor, governor of the said island, in the commission 
of the peace for the counties of Galway and Mayo."—Jid, ‘The useful work here sug- 
gested, viz. "the mending of highways froin Galway towards the said Island,” was not 
effected, in consequence of the political changes which soon after took place; nor was 
any improvement of the kind attempted for more than 150 years after that period. 

On iath Aug, 1656, Sir Charles Coute, Lord President of Connaught, certified 

“that 


295 


“ that the town of Galway, theisles of Arran, Intsbuffyn, Clagganbay, Lettermalin, &c. 
were then garrisoned; and conceived most necessary that they should be continued as 
standing garrisons.” — Original Council Book. Soonafter this, James Darcy petitioned the 
Council, setting forth, “that the Commissioners of Loughrea have lately assigned him 
& proporcon of wast and course mountayne land in the barrony of Ballinehinsy, in the 
territory of Jre-Connaught, which yieldeth very little profitt either to the petitioner, 
or any other inhabitants that might be drawn to reside thereon: And, that, although 
the principall profitt of the said land, in all times, hath been by fishing on the sea 
coast, yet the Governor of Innes-Boffin, and others, have lately seized on some boates” 
(see the preceding order of 12th June, 1656) “‘ belonging to some tenants who reside 
on parte of the said landes, and would not permitt the said tenants to take any fish on 
the said coast without disturbance.”—Order : “: Refer the same to Sir Charles Coote, 
to give such order therein as he shall hold just. Council Chamber in Dublyn, the 
26th Jan., 165$- Thos. Herbert, Clarke of the Councill.”—Zd. 

The Council books from which the foregoing extracts have been taken, contain im- 
portant documents relating to the general history of Ireland, at that period. Other 
notices of Inisbofin and the ‘“‘ Owles,” taken from the same sources and intended for 
insertion here, are reserved for an opportunity which it is hoped may yet occur, of il- 
lustrating the History and Antiquities of Mayo, particularly its western districts. The 
future topographer of that great and interesting county, will derive valuable informa- 
tion from the ‘‘ Genealogies, Tribes, and Customs of Hy-Fiachrach,” printed for the 
Irish Archeological Society, A. D. 1844. 


NOTE B.B. See page 118, note *. " Robert Martin.” 


é Trial of Mr. Robert Martin for the murder of Lieut. Henry Jolly; at the bar of 
the King’s Bench, Dublin, and May, 1735. 

“‘ The Court being sat, and the following jury sworn, viz. Michael Burke— Thomas 
French—Henry Burke—John Burke—Ross Mahon—William Boylan—John Holli- 
day—John Broughton— Walter Lambert—David Poor—George Davis—( One omitted.) 
The first witness for the Crown was Lieut. Geo. Bell.— Was not present at the time of 
the quarrell between the prisoner and deceased, but very soon after deceased’s death, 
saw him lying on the ground, in a gore of blood; and his body with several fresh 
bleeding wounds, three of which were on his right side close upon his breast, and one 
of them pierced out of his back quite through and through his body. Deceased had 
also two wounds more on the left side, which penetrated the very cavity of his body. 
Having been asked by the Court had deceased any other wounds, he said, a few on his 
left hand and arm, but they would not prove mortal, He felt to know if deceased had 

any 


296 


any pulse, and found none. This testimony he gave at the Coroner's Inquest on the 
deceased’s body at Galway. The Court and the Prisoner asked this witness very few 
questions, his testimony being only grounded on the description of the deceased's 
wounds. 

é“ Captain Edward Southwell, sworn.—Mr. Jolly and witness were diverting them- 
selves in a billiard-room at a coffee-house in Galway. The prisoner Martin furiously 
came up into the room, drew his sword, and instantly demanded satisfaction of the 
rascal who spit upon him as he was passing by. Witness answered it was he that did 
it, but through no affrontful design, and in the most humble manner asked his pardon. 
Such humility little availed, for Mr. Martin insisted upon further satisfaction, and, 
being in a very great passion, witness said, ‘ Let me go to my barrack for a sword—I 
will very speedily return, and comply with your request ;? there being no sword 
between either Mr. Southwell or the deceased, Mr. Jolly. 

“ Prisoner asked witness was the firstattack by the deceased with any instrument 
not a sword, at the billiard-table, before the prisoner drew his sword? Answer.—Na. 

“The next evidence was Robert Watson, the coffee-boy, who swore that there were 
four yards’ distance at the Billiard-table between Mr. Martin and Mr. Jolly; the latter 
standing by the window, and Mr. Martin at the door with his sword drawn, and 
approached Mr. Jolly. That Mr. Jolly took up a chair to defend himself, through 
the frame of which the prisoner made several thrusts at the deceased. 

* The evidence on behalf of the prisoner were Julian Mathews, Nicholas Bates, [ ] 
Donnolly ; and others who, to their knowledge, gave their several testimonies in 
favour of the prisoner, Donnolly’s testimony appeared very much in his favour, and 
of great moment to the jury. The Court then summed up the evidence, and charged 
the jury; who, after sume stay, brought in the verdiet NOT GUILTY. Dublin, 
printed by E. Waters, Blind Quay, 1735.” 

This report was evidently a hasty and imperfect publication, issued immediately 
after the trial, to gratify public curiosity; and cannot, therefore, be much depended 
upon, The panel was from the venue of the offence; and the lenity of a “ Galway 
jury” has since become proverbial. The traverser ten years after embraced the 
Protestant faith, See Certificate, No. gó, dated 14th July, 1745, on the * Convert 
roll” containing that year, in the Rolls Office, Dublin, in which he is described as 
* Robert Martin of Dangan in the county of Galway, Esy.” He died an aged man 
about A.D. 1792. Lieutenant Jolly was interred in St. Nicholas’ Church, Galway; 
where the following inscription may be seen on a small mural monument :—" Near 
this place lies the body of Henry Jolly, Lieutenant of Grenadiers in the Hon. General 
James Dormer’s Regiment of Foot.” 





APPENDIX. 





IRISH ARCH. SOC. 15. 2Q 








299 


ne ee ee 


APPENDIX. 


1. 
Composition between Queen Elizabeth and the Lords, Chieftains, Sc. of Connaught. 
A. D. 1585. 


T was not until late in the reign of Elizabeth that the province of Connaught was 
brought under subjection to the Crown and laws of England. The proceedings 
by which that event was achieved were commenced by the Lord Deputy, Sir Henry 
Sydney, in A.D. 1575; and completed by a succeeding Deputy, Sir John Perrot, in A.D. 
1585. The project was, to divide the province into shires; then to induce the lords 
and chieftains to receive sheriffs into those shires; and, finally, to prevail on the chiefs 
themselves to surrender their Irish titles and tenures, and to receive back their pos- 
sessions by patents from the Crown, to descend in hereditary succession according to 
the laws of England. In a dispatch to the lords of the Council, A. D. 1576, Sir Henry 
Sydney writes, that he had ‘proved before theim,” i.e. the lords and chieftains of 
Thomond, ‘(lately annexed to the presidenty of Connaught by the Name of the 
countye of Clare,) the verie Roote and Origine of their Ruyne was the uncertaine 
Graunte and vnstable possession of their Landes, wherevpon grewe their Warres, I 
brought them to agree to Surrender all their Landes, and take it of her Highnes 
agayne and yeelde bothe Rent and Service.”—See ‘“ Letters and Memorials of State,” 
before referred to, p. 125. Fo. London, 1747, vol. i. p. 102. 

On 28th April, 1576, the Lord Deputy further informed the Council that he had 
“‘devided Connaught (besides the East Breante or Oreilies, and the Annalye or Offeralls 
countrie) into fower counties; namelye, Sligo, which was a Parte of nether Connaught 
and Maio, which was an other parte of the same: Galway, which was called Upper 
Connaught, and Rossecommen, which was called the Playnes of Connaught. 

2Q2 “ Out 





300 


‘Out of the countye of Sligo I had nothing but lettres, but those humblye 
written from Ochonnor, uthrminge that he durst not come, for Feare of the Wartes 
hapned betwene Odonnell, and Con his nephewe; but lewd and malitious Tales rather 
made hym afrayd, us | take it. He hath under his Tyrannie O Dow/, twoe Mac 
Donoghes, twoe Ohares, and Agare, and yet he hym selfe trybutarie tu O Donnell. 
They be all men of great Landes, and they shall not chuse, but yeelde bothe Rent and 
Service, to the Crowne; all but Ochonnor hym selfe, have offered it, and he, to be díe- 
chardged of Odonnell, will most. willinglye do it; I loke daylie for Orwarcke, who 
Countrie called West Breanye is also a Porcion of this Countie, with whome 1 doubt 
not but te conclude tor a good Rente and Service for the Quene: This countye, or 
these countries, are well enhabited, and ritche, and more Haunted with Straungers, 
then I wish it were, unles the Quene were better answered of her Custome; and thus 
moche tor the Countye of Sligo. 

* Out of the countye of Mato, came to me to Galway, first seaven principal! mea 
of the Clandonells, tor everye of theire seaven Linagies one, of that surname, and enha- 
hitinge that Countye, all, by protession, mercenaric Soldiers, by the name of Galloglas; 
they are verie stronge, and moche of the wealth of the countrie is under theim; they 
are able to goe where they will, and withe the Countenaunce of any meane Lorde of 
Force, to make Warre with the Greatest. Theise humblye submitted theim selves 
and their severall Linagies to her Magestie, protestinge, by othe, and byndinge theim 
selves by Endenture and Hostage, never to serve any, but with Allowaunce of the 
Govornor,  Troth it is, was enformed by Dyvers Advertisments, that Wae IWidiem 
Fecyhter wold not come to me; and theretore 1 drewe this Plott, that I wan his chiefe 
Force trom hyin, im getting theise Clandonella: But it fell out otherwise in the Ende, 
for Mae William verye willinglye cume hymselfe; and moche the rather, by the good 
Perswasions, and Meanes of the Deane of Ca Churche, one of this Counsell, whome 
| sent into Coananght, when 1 went in Mounster, enely to sounde the Disposicion of 
the Potentates, and great ones of that, Provinee; and therein he did good service, and 
surelve sos he well able, beth for his owne skill, and the ereditt that others repos 
In hvins fat please your Lordship to bestowe a thankfull lettre upon hym, it will he 
verie comfortable to the olde Man, which 1 humblye beseache your Lordships to doe. 
Pteunde Mae Weliam verie seneible, though wantinge the Englishe tongue, yet 
understandinge the Lettie: a lover of Quiet and Civylitie, desierous to holde his Landes 
of the Quene. and suppresse /riah Extorcion, and to expulse the Scoffs, who swarme 
In these quarters, and in deede have almost suppressed theiin; in some Proffe whereof, 
he taried with me, most of the Tyme 1 remayned at Galeay, and thence went with me 
te Athlone, and departed not till went trom thence, where verie reverentlye, by Othe, 

he 


di 


301 


he shewed his feaultye, and did his Homage, as Humblye bynding hym selfe, as well 
by Othe or Indenture, ever hereafter to holde his Landes of her Majestie, and her 
Crowne, and to pay yerelye twoe hundered fyvetie Markes Sterlinge, and to fynde 
twoe hundered Soldiors, Horssemen and Footemen, for two Monethes by the Yere; and 
to geve theim Foode in that Proporcion, as I trust, in Tyme, shall suffice bothe for 
their Meate and Wagies. In one of his Peticions exhibited unto me, he humblye 
besought (doubtinge that I would have taken away the Bonnaught from the Clan- 
donells, which they have of him and his countrie) that they might (with drawinge it 
from hym) holde it of the Quene. This Devise was underhande practized by me, and 
they, verie glade of this Overture made by hym, humblye desiered to hold it of her 
Majestie; and so, by Indenture passed betwixt the Galloglas and the Quene, they 
presentlye doe. This, my Lords, is an entraunce of no smal! Consequence, bothe for 
the reducinge of the Countrie to her Majesties Obedience, and no small Increase may 
be made besides to her Commoditie, and the Augmentacion of her Revenue. He 
received his Countrie at my Handes, by Way of Senesshallshipp, which he thanke- 
fullye accepted. The Order of Knighthoode I bestowed upon hym, whereof he semed 
verie joyous; and some other little Triffles I gave hym, as Tokens betwene hym and 
me, where with verie well satisfied he departed. This is all I thought necessarie to 
write of Mac William, savinge that he was desierous I should sende thether an 
Englishe sheriffe, as I have lykewise donne in all the other Counties within that Pro- 
vince, which, of late, hath bene omitted: Afac William protested he would obey hym 
I sent, and geve hym Findinge for a sufficient Strenth of Men on Horssebacke and 
Foote; which I accomplished accordinge to his Desier, and sent one with hym. 
Surelye, my Lords, he is well wonne, for he is a great man; his Lande lyeth a longe 
the West North West Coast of this Realme, wherein he hathe maney goodly Havens, 
and is a Lorde in Territorie of three Tymes so moche Lande as the Earll of Clan- 
ricarde is. He brought with him all his Betheren, Mac Phillippin, who in Surname 
is a Bourke, as he is; and, besides theim, a great Nomber of Owners of Landes and 
Castells, lienge in the same Countrey: Omaylle came lykewise with him, who is an 
originall Jrishe Man, stronge in galleys and Seamen; he earnestlye sued to hold of the 
Quene, and to pay her Rent and Service. At that instant were also with me Mac 
Phaten, of Englishe surname, Barrett; Mac Ivyle, of Englishe surname, Staunton; Mac 
Jordan of the lyke Dexter, Mac Custelo of the lyke Nangle, Mac Morris, of English 
surname, Prendergast; and theise v shewe Matter of some Recorde and Creditt, that 
they have not onely bene Englishe, which everye man confesseth, but also Lordes and 
Barons in Parliment, as they theim selves affirme; and suerlye they have Landes suf- 
ficient for Barons, if they might weeld their owne quietlye; but so bare, barbarous 


Barons 





302 


Barons are they nowe, as they v have not three Ilackneys to carrye theim and their 
Trayne Home. There were with me maney more of lower Degree, and no deeper of 
Wealth, as the Chiefe of Clanandros, and Mae Thomyn; both they, and maney more 
Burretts, Cusackes, Lynches (Lynottes) and of sundrie Englishe surnames, now degene- 
rate, and all lamentinge their Devastacion, and with one Consent crienge for Justice and 
Englishe Government, in so miserable (and yet magnanimous) Manner, as it would make 
an English Harte to feele Compassion with theim; and thus for the Countye of Maw. 

* Touchinge the countye of Galway; first, I finde the Towne of Galway moche 
decaied, both in Nomber of expert sage men of yeares, and younge Men of Warre, in 
respect of that I, have seene; which great Decay hath Growen thorough the horrible 
Spoyle donne upon theim, by the Sonnes of the Earle of Clanrickarde, in so moche as 
it was evidentlye proved before me, that fiftie Howscholders of that Towne doe nowe 
enhabite under Mac Wiliam Croghter. And it seameth, they have not onelye lost 
their Wealth, but with it their Wittes and Hartes; Surelye it may well seme they 
were in Pointe to have geven up all, and almost to have forgotten that they received 
any corporacion of the crowne; but I trust they are nowe revived, and I hope on the 
mending Hande. Duringe mine Aboade there, the Earle of Clanricarde continuallye 
attended on me, and so did the Earle of Thomounde, the Archbishupp of Tweom, the 
Bishopps of Clanfert and Kilmaykogh, and the Baron of Athenrie, by surname Beri- 
minghme, as poore a Baron as lyveth, and yet agreed on to be the auntientest Baron 
in this Lande; Offakertye, Okelley, and maney of their Surnames, which are verye 
great; O Madden, and all of any Accompt of that Surname; Onaughion, and maney 
other pettie Lordes and Capteines of Countries, all were with me, contessinge that 
they ought service, eravinge that they might hold their Landes immediatlye of her 
Highnes: Theise are the principall of this Countye, savinge soche as be of my Lord of 
Clanrickarda Sute or Surname, as Oheyne, originall [rishe, and in old Tyme verye 
creat, nowe meane: Mae Conah, Mac Hubhert, Mae Darye, Mae Edmound, Mae Rede 
monde; all theise Burka, and many more, but all holdinge of the Earle of Clanrickarde 
(by due Service sayeth he) but Thorough Oppression, say they, but all longinge for 
Reformation erye for Englishe Governement and wold fayne held of the Quene and her 
Crowne .... Ldepartede from thence the xxii™ of Marche, and passed through 
Athenrie. Yt went thence with the Earle of Clanrickarde, und was verye honorablye 
enterteined with hym. The next Night I lodged in the Allies Countrie, and the 
Night followinge in the Castle of Rossecommion. 

é stayed at Rossecummon but a night, both for that I had apointed Provision at 
Athlone, which is in the Same Countye; as also, for that F found nothinge there layed 
in to furnishe me withall, and therefore willed the Assemblie to be at Athlone; yet, 


duringe 





393 


duringe my abode at Rosscommon, O Chonnor Donne come unto me, whose Auncestor, 
they say, was sometymes called Kinge of Connaught. The Castle of Rossecommon 1 
tooke from hym in my former Governement, whose Auncestors possessed the same 
the contynuance of cx] Yeares, and never came into English men Handes: vnder his 
Rule there are, Obyrne and Ofiun. O Chonnor Roe came not at me, for Feare I wold 
make hym make Recompence for Hurts donne in the Rebellion Tyme; under hym is 
Oflanigan, but I can have theim when I will, and make theim bothe Arme in Arme 
beare and drawe, with their Fellowes. Mac Dermod was with me, and one under hym 
called Mac Manus; theise people, and some more pettie Lordes enhabite the Playnes 
of Connaught, and are all destroyed by the Scotts chieflye. The Countrie is large, and 
of excellent Soyle; the best, and all the rest Beggars, desireous to be delyvered from 
the Tyrannie of their stronger Neighbours they all craue to be subiected to the Eng- 
liek Governement. A number of perticular Cawsies were ended duringe my beinge at 
Athlone, wher I remayned ix days in which Tyme was executed a notable Rebell of 
the Burks, whome I cawsed to be apprehended in the countye of Galway; and by 
Order of Lawe, (for Burninge comitted by hym in Westmeithe) he was indyted, 
atteinted, and executed as a Traytor, (whose Landes I have Cawsed to be seised to her 
Magesties Vse); and thus moche for the countye of Rossecommon. 

é I look daylie for Ochonnor Sligo, Orwarcke, and Odonnell, and Con Odonnell, his 
Nephewe, and doubt not but so to agree with theim, as the Scoites shalbe sone 
banished out of that Province of Connaught.”— Letters and Memorials, &c., vol]. i. p. 104. 

The foregoing is, perhaps, the most interesting of all the dispatches made by Sir 
Henry Sydney, during his then government in Ireland. It has been introduced 
here, as explanatory of the causes which led to the Composition with Connaught, 
and. introductory to the documents connected with that measure, which follow. 
See in the same Collection, vol. i. p. 114, a curious account of the Deputy’s pro- 
ceedings with O'Rourke, O'Conor Sligo, O'Donnell, and the O’Kellys, which con- 
cludes thus:—‘“ The O’Kellies and I are agreed, and Articles of the same drawne 
betwene us to be perfected at Michelmas Terme next; from which Terme for ever, 
they shall pay for their Countrie in Rent and Service, better than fyve hundred 
Markes yerelye.” Soon after that, the Lord Deputy was recalled, and the progress of 
this “ Civil Reformation” of the province was in a great measure suspended, until the 


government of Sir John Perrot, in A. D. 1585°. 
The 


® The following intermediate State document may Sir Nicholas Malby, Knight, for the better gover- 
serve to develope the views of Government, in A.D. ment of the Province of Connaght. At Westmin- 
1579, respecting the “ Civil Reformation” here re-  ster the last of March, 1579, in the xxi. yere of our 
ferred to. It is entitled, ‘‘ Orders to be obsarved by  Raigne. 





304 


The achievement of the “Composition,” appears to have been a principal object 


with Sir John Perrot. 


* Elizabeth R. 

é Ftirst, forasmuch as We have determyned to 
unite, and by theise presents do unite the Country of 
Thomond otherwise called the Countie of Clare to 
your goverment of Connaght as vt was in the tyme 
of Sir Edward Fitton or any other Presidente or 
wevernor of that provinces ; Our pleasure is that you 
do carefully consider of the nomber of Baronyes 
within that Countie. and after view & consideracon 
of the same, to resarve apen the súd Baronies such 
yerely somes of money, services of men, Laborers in 
our works & cariadge horses by consent of the entle- 
men and freeholders as ratably is resarved in the 
rest of Connaght by the late Composicons made by 
vou there, the same to passe by Indentur betwene 
you & the said gentlemen of Thomond. 

2. * Also that vou have a spetiall regard to the 
comen quiet. of that countrie of Themonde and to 
prevente such hurts hereafter as have bene don be- 
twene those of Thomond & the Inhabitaunts of CLin- 
rieard, severelic punishinge these on both sides the 
mountayns that shall vive any mayntenaunce to the 
proclaymed Rebels of the Bourks, & others that live 
in these parts, unless they shalbe dyeenced by you 
to weve them releefe when any such Rebel shalbe 
protected by yon, & not otherwise, 

3. 0° Also wheare by advice of our Counsell heere, 
wee have thought it necessary that the north parte 
of the cittie of Lymerick from Newgate upward where 
the Castell standeth, might sarve as the Shire towne 
for the Countie of Clare at the (vine of the assises, 
because a ed JFurie mae be had there for thorderly 
triall of all the Countrie causes, That appen seur 
Impartinge of these our orders to the Lord Justices 
of that Realme that he and vou resolve upon som 
meane hew to drawe the Maior & inhabitsunts of 
Lyinerick to consent> thereunto either by parliament 
or otherwise, or at least for a tvme tvil som apte 
place in Thomond maie at the Countrie chardyges be 


Accordingly, on 1§th July, 1585, a commilssion issued, di- 


rected 


circuited with a wall, which we think n& han ut: 
be broght to passe in this peaceible tyme, wherein 
we are contented that the laborens tu te renarved & 
us in the Composicons be imployved, & do ne bt: 
you the choise of the place, we we conceave maie 
tithie he at Quyne. Killaloe, or Innis, yf Clare be me 
ours. but graunted to thearle of Theamend as We 
are enformid. 

$. ° Forther yt is to be wisshed that in even 
Countie of Connaght where there are not alredie apt 
& saulfe places for the keepinge of the Assises & 
Cessions, that the Countice at their chardges were 
induced by youd perswacon & not by constravnte, to 
circuit a convenyent place apte for a towne. with a 
wall of Ivme & stone, w" places we are comtente to 
incorporat with such liberties, to drawe inhabitagmes 
to vt, as to other Corporacons of like situacun within 
that Realm have ben grauntel: Fíor pasdnge of 
which praunts, these shalbe sufficient warrant to the 
Governor for the tyne beinge: which Chur determy- 
nacon & desire to have thei places of strength 
builded, we will vou in our name to signitie to all 
those under your govermnente, so aa every Countic 
performe one worke in the same, Judging that thaptest 
place be at Sligo for the County of Slige, at Bares 
(Burishool) for the County of Maio, at Rosc 
for the Countie of Roscaman, & at Ballenasloe for the 
County of Galloway. 

5. And wheare O'Conor Sligo uppon a wreage 
Shygestion untae us of the small Circuit and disabili- 
tie of his Countriv, obtayned of us a Warrante for a 
graunt té passe in Trelande for the fredom of his 
lands, in considerancon óf ch. Irish per annum, to be 
paved Ly hym, which graunte he hath nether passed 
there. ner obsarviel the ccantioons to he performed an 
his parte: we think it meete that ve treate with hra, 
te velde to such Compesicon as the rest of the cap- 
tas ne of Countries within that Province have com 
sented unto, ratibly accurdinge to the quantetie of 


395 


rected to Sir Richard Bingham Governor of Connaught, the Earls of Thomond and 
Clanrickard, the Baron of Athenrie, Sir Tyrrelazh O'Brien, Sir Richard Bourke Mac 


his countrie, which we thinke reasonable, as well 
in respect of our chardge and expences as setling a 
Goverment ther for defence of hym, and other of his 
qualitie, as also that the condicons to be observed 
by hym have not ben kepte accordinge to the worde 
and meaninge in our furmer graunte. 

6. “ Also, we thinke yt convenyent that Connaght 
be restored to the auncyent boundes, & that the go- 
verment thereof be under you, especially of all the 
lands of Connaght & Thomond, beinge within the 
waters of Shenyn, Loughrve, & Lough Erne; & be- 
cause yer chalengeth som Ilands in the Lough, 
& som uppon the mayne uppon Connaght side, Our 
pleasure is that you make chalenge of a rente, by waie 
of Composicon, for so much therof as is out of Ulster, 
thinking yt also reasonable that for his lands in 
Connaght he shall beare with that province accord- 
inge to the quantitie of the soyle, & to the Composi- 
cons resarved uppon others, wherein our pleasure is, 
he be as favorably dealte withal, as any other of Con- 
naght that hath compounded (the goodness of the 
soyle considered). 

7. “ Also whereas at our chardge a bridge hath 
ben lately buylded at Ballenslowe uppon the river of 
Sucke, & that there is great liklihode that the same 
should be shortlie overthrowne yf the Castell there 
weare in the kepinge of thIrish, or any doubtfull 
or undutifull subject; We have thought mete in 
respect of our service that the said Castell be con- 
tyneued in our hands & possession, being in the 
comen passadge to Galloway: And therfor do will 
you to kepe yt to our use, with a warde therin 
accordinge to the chardge now assigned in our 
establishment of thArmy, tyll such tyme as yt maie 
further be assured to us, either by release from the 
arle, by Composicon, or Act of parliament. 

8. “ Also where the arle of Ormond claymeth 
certayn lands in the Countrie called O’Kellies Coun- 
trey, & claymeth also by a graunt from us to have 


IRISH ARCH. SOC. I5. 


William 


them free, whereuppon the fermors of the same landes 
deteyne xl! per ann. wherewith you are chardged as 
parcell of the Composicons. We have ordred that 
the Earle shall, within twelve monethes next ensu- 
inge, acquaynt our Counsell learned in that Realme 
with his tytle, & yf yt fall out to be good and 
sufficient, then thearle shall be compounded withall 
& consideracon had of hym to the value, and you 
to receive the hole Composicon of the Okellies, And 
tyll the tytle be decided & the Earle satified, the 
said xl! per ann. shalbe allowed to you uppon your 
accompte yerely, by the Auditor for w°" this shalbe 
sufficient warrante to hym & to his Deputie. 

9. ‘‘ Also where Sir Edward Fiton late President 
in Connaght, hath in his custodie certeine books of 
the devicon of Connaght, & other conteyninge orders 
taken in his tyme, & bondes of recognisaunces for- 
feicted by divers persons to the some, as we be in- 
formed, of ten thousande pounds; Our ples’ is that 
you repaire to our Justice, requiringe hym to de- 
maund in our name the said bookes & bonds of the 
said Sir Edward; And that our said Justice cause 
a doble to be made of them, And the duplicate to 
be delivered to you, the originalls to remayne in our 
Exchequir there, w the chiefe Remembrauncer of 
that Court. Nevertheles no execucon to be don in 
the levienge of the said debts, without the privitie 
of the lord Justice and the reste of our privie Coun- 
sell there. 

10. ‘* And we have thought good to let you knowe, 
that we take in good & acceptable parte the manner 
of your procedinge hetherto in your chardge, because 
you have used the sword no further than to such 
as have ben in open hostilitie and rebellyon, and 
that to the rest you have extended our clemency, 
after a mylde and curteous maner of dealinge; in 
wch course we wysh you to continewe, beinge a mat- 
ter most pleasinge to us, when we hire that our 
subjects shew their loialtie without force or con- 


2 R 


306 


William Eughter, Sir Donyll O'Connor Sligo, Sir Brian O*Royrke, Sir Morough ne 
Doe O'Flaherty, and others: reciting. ** Wher our province of Connaught and The 


straynte to be used by our ministers: And therefor 
our pleasure is that you make often advertisments 
as well to our Justice there, (to whom the kKnowled.ce 
of the whole Realme appertavneth), as to us of 
the state of that Province, & of the particular dispos- 
can of the chiefe ventlemen to our service, to thend 
that we may uppen your geod report rewant & 
cherish those that be well affected: ta) justice & obe- 
dience i; ail ei the contrarie parte, punish the wicked 
& Ul-disposed wt all sev eritie. 

Pl. And where we have appoynted to you yerely, 
thvinpost or custome of Wynes within the Towne of 
Callaway. as parcel] of your intertaynement  ap- 
poyntedin thestablistiment; Qur pleasure is that vou 
do verely indent with thetlieer of our Casualties, or 
w") his deputic, as well for receipt of all such somes 
as shall growe uppot that yimpost, as for fynes or 
any other casualties that shall com to your hands 
within vour chardge: And forthe fynes we leave so 
much of them to vour disposicon, as yeu shall thinke 
vod to bestowe either in the necessane reparacons 
of our bowses, or for reward of service under yeu, 
sé as the same appere in your aecomipte, & bé 
srounded ippon good) & reasonable causes & respect, 
whereof we assure ourselves of vour care & conside- 
racon, that nothing shall be unmecessarily or vaynely 
Iw stowed, 

12.00 And forasmiuch as nething is nmiere neces. 
earie te be Toke unto caretully by vou, then that 
recond be duly keptes as well at atl manner off com- 
pesicons, as of allother rents, préflitts, or casualties 
that shall come unte os within vour rule; we will 
that net onely in such cases, but in all controversies 
etwene partie Xo parties thordars taken by you ta 
reostred by othe Clarke of the Counsell in Con- 
acht: Ail ffurther that all processes that shall 
patsse from ven for ajjweranci s ór otherwise, bee sent 


ab ti: seal: of thre Pres ier: a like wee fur 


mk pel, 


proteccons wt® we wyshe not ty be sraunted, bet 
in cases of wreate Decessitie. 
“FRA. WALSYNGHAM” 
Rot, Pat. 21 Eliz. M. 9, f. Rolls’ Off. abha 


Secretary Walsinghanr's original drsft of the for-- 
coin " Orders.” is still preserved in the Cat 
Library, British Museum, Titus, B. NED. Na al 
p. 226, It contains the following interesting clagws 
Which do not appear in the inrelment. 


x. Also, where we are desirus that a Collake 
should be erected in the nature uf an University a 
some convenient place of Irelande, fur instructing 
and educacon of youth in lerninx, And that we oo 
erive the town of Clonfert, within that proviner uf 
Connaught, to be aptlie seated beth for helth. ast 
comodity of the rywer of Shenin running by it, and 
because it is also neere to the midle of the Reabme, 
whereby all men may with small travell end their 
children thether, we have thought yoo that se 
viewe the place, and consider with what charge the 
same may be circuited with a wall, and what baild- 
ings be there already, aml what necessary to be 
addid, and what maintenance the Hishepricks ad 
Clonfert: and Eltine (if they were united to that 
Collede-) might) give towards the exhibies cé 
And whether the other bishqs 
af that Province be not eufficient for the same, if thes 


lernid men there. 


were well divided) inte sev erall dituewe-e, of alll whack 
we will that vou advertise your opimion ta un: be 
thend we may hereafter give farder onfer tao joe 
tice te assemble the Byshops of the hale Reahlme, he 
a contibuyeon to he veblicd for the maintenance “4 
lernid men in that or sume other convenient place in 
Irland: for we finde that the Runayaten of that 
thicen, Which under pretence of aturly in the Univer- 
sities beyond the: sets, doe n-terne freiht with super- 
stitien and: treason, are the very instrumentes ie 
sturre apoo? subjects to unlutifulnes and rebellion, 





397 


mond, through the contynuall dissention of the Lords and Chieftaines challenging 
authorities, cuttings and cessings, under pretexte of defending the people under their 
several rules, have run to all errors; and understanding the good inclination of these 
our subjects, through the good mynysterie of our truly and well beloved Sir John 
Perrott, our Deputy, &c. to embrace all good wayes and meanes that may be devised, 
to conserve them in our obedience, and their rights and titles reduced from the un- 
certaintye wherein it stood, to continue certain for ever hereafter.’ The commis- 
sioners were empowered to call before them “all the nobilitie, spiritual and temporal, 
and all the chieftaines and lords of the saide countries and barronies, and in lieu of 
the uncertain cesse, cuttinge, and spendings aforesaid, to compound after their best 
discretions, and to devise and lay down all things that shall tend to the real good and 
quiet of that countrie; which after the passinge of the same by Indenture, is meant 


to be ratified by Act of Parliament.”—Orig. 


The following proposals were made by the Commissioners. 


é“ The Chieftaines 


of Countries, Gentlemen, and Free-holders of that Province of Connaught, to passe 
unto the Queenes Majesty, her Heirs and Successours, a graunt of tenne shillings 


for whom we mean shortly to provide by parlement ; 
and in the mean season, will you to apprehend all 
such as you shall lerne to remayne within yo' rule, 
that be so evill affected. 

10. “And wher Report hath bene made unto 
us, by of Deputy of that Realme and by you, 
that Sir John Burk, comonly called Mc William 
Exter, hath shewid great forwardnes in o' ser- 
vice embrasing all civility, and shewing good ex- 
ample to the Irishe Captens there in their Compo- 
titions: For as much as it is also evident, that he is 
dissended of a noble house of Englishe race, we are 
therefore resolvid to nobilitate hym w' the Honor 
and Titell of an Erle, during his lief; and that his 
eldest sonne shall also be a Baron, to hym and to 
the heires males of his body, and to have estates ac- 
cordingly of so much as is their own, with a salvo 
jere to all other that have right; for performance 
whereof under o” Letters Patents we now send war- 
rant to o justice accordingly : willing you to con- 
ferre with the said S' John Burk and his said sunne 
and heire, towching the names which they like to 
beare in their creacons, to thend it may be accom- 


English, 


plished accordinglie. The like order we have also 
given for Morroghe ne doe Oflarty to be made a 
Baron. And therefore leave to our Justice and to 
you, to appoint a convenient tyme and place for their 
apparaunces before hym, to perfourme the ceremony 
of their creacons. 

13. [Concludes as follows] ‘‘ And whereas we un- 
derstand, that divers howses freight with Friers re- 
maine in some parts of that Province unsuppressed ; 
oF ples’ is that you cause them to abandon those 
places, and to compell them to chaunge their cotes, 
and to live according to of lawes; which howses may 
be apt places for the habitacon of such English men, 
as we meane shall] have Estates in our lands in those 
parts.” — Orig. draft. 

Titus, B. XII., No. 143, p. 598, contains a re- 
vised transcript of the draft alluded to, but the three 
foregoing clauses are omitted. For “Sir John Burk, 
Mac William Exter,” see ante, pp. 800-1; and 
Lodge, Ed. 1789, Vol. IV. p. 288. He was com- 
monly called Shane mér, Johannes magnus, and 
died A.D. 1580. For ‘“‘ Morroghe na doe Oflarty,” 
see ante, p. 60; and the sequel hereof. 


2R2 





308 


Englieh, or a marke Irish, upon every quarter of land containing 120 Acres, manured, 
or to be manured, as the phrase went, and was significantly set downe, that Leares either 
horne or corne, that was, with tillage or cattell, in lieu and consideration to hee dis- 
charged from other Cess, taxation, or tallage, excepting the rising out of [forse and 
Foote, for the service of the Prince and State, such as should be particularly agreed! 
upon, and some certaine dayes labour for building and tortifaction for the safety of 
the people and kingdome.”"—Government of Treland under Sir John Perrot, Knight, 
gto London, 1626, p. 80. The narrative then continues as follows: “ According to which 
These Commissioners did travaile 
through the several Counties of Connaught, first calling and conferring with the Lords 


Commission, and the directions therein contained. 


Chieftaines, Gentlemen, and Free-holders in their severall Precinet~ and Possessions 
to finde their dispositions, how farre they were willing to condiscend, and yeeld te 
such a course, for the satisfaction of their Prince, and freedome of themselves from 
further burthens, to make their charge certaine, and that but small. “These things 
well propounded, and discretely prosecuted: most, and in a manner, all the principall 
possessors of land in that Province, as they were generally dealt withall, did assent te 
this contribution.” — fi." 

The reasons which induced the aboriginal Irish lords and chieftains to ** assent” 
so readily “to this contribution,” are thus stated by a learned modern writer. 
* Harassed by the perpetual aggressions of the warlike English families, who had settled 
in the chief towns, and fenced themselves round with formidable castles and 
entrenchments—divided also by family feuds, and shorn in a great measure of their 
honours and power, the native princes gladly acecummodated themselves to Perrot’> 
proposals, in the hope of a settled form of government, and perhaps of revenge, as well 
as defence against the Anglo-Irish lords, their rivals in power, who were better armed 
and disciplined than they. The old leading families of that province surrendered the 
exorbitant power which they had hitherto exerted over their wretched vassals. But 
experience soon proved that the promised protcetion was inadequately afforded, and 
they quickly returned to their Irish customs. and easily prevailed on their vassals te 
be governed hy the maxims of their brehon law-."— O' Conor. Cat. MSS. Store. J 123- 


* After 


h Gratianus Licins alludes te their proceedings as 
follows.—- Cumbh. Erers. p. 29. % Poreurri seriptum, 
quied iter quorundam á Joanne Perrotto Hibernie 


prorege, jer Conacam, & Tomoniam. anno post 


Christum natunp D585, stati pull Resttes ae 


ris i- pessessoribos preseribendd causa, delevateram 


In toto ille decursa, pulls 
pene dit fuit, in qua, originis Hibernica: possene? 
censnin prised tribnati view delegatis statuentibus Bas 
refern hat. 


accurate | prosequitur, 


(Qlued etiam non obscuré scriptor era 
In ile rmia Joanne Perrotta: propeay, gestarum in- 
nuit.— Jib, Jaap. pag. SD. ef acy.” 





399 


“ After treaties, succeeded Inquisitions to find what quantity there was in each 
Barony, and who were found owners thereof. Indentures were drawne betweene the 
Deputy in the behalfe of the Queene on the one part, and the chiefe possessioners in 
the several Precincts on the other, expressing so many quarters and quantities of 
Land, with the Rents thereon reserved, and such other covenants as were therein con- 
tained.”—Government, &c. p. 82. 

The Commissioners commenced with the “County of Clare and Thomond.” ‘Then 
followed the districts comprehended within the newly created “County of Galway.” 
Among these, the following “ Indentures of Composition” were entered into for the 
territory of Iar-Connaught. Those of the other counties of the province will be found 
in succession; but as they all agree in form, the technical verbiage, to avoid prolixity, 
has been omitted in each except the first. Almost all the Ecclesiastical lands of Con- 
naught are held under these important, and hitherto nearly unknown, documents. 
The original inrolments are preserved in the Record Branch of the office of Paymaster 
of Civil Services, Dublin; and the following are now, for the first time, printed. 


INDENTURES OF COMPOSITION. 
A. D. 1585. 
| I. 
“ The Country of the O’ Fifiahertyes called Eyre-Conaght. 


“THIS INDENTURE made betwixte the Right Honorable Sir John Perrotte 
Knighte, Lorde Deputie Generall of Irlande, for and on the behaulfe of the Queenes 
most excellent Ma” of the one parte, and S’ Moroghe ne doe of Aghnenure in the 
county of Gallway Knight, otherwise called O’F flahertie—Donell Crone O’F flahertie of 
the Cnocke, competitor for the name of O’Fflahertie—Teig ne Boolye (na uile) of the 
Arde, otherwise called O’Fflahertie of both Con o Marrice—Owine fitz-Donyell Coghie* 
O’Fflahertie of Bonowen, gent.—Moroghe O’Fflahertie of the sam, gent.— Roger O’F fla- 
harty of Moycullen’, gent.—Danyell M" Rory O’Fflaharty of the Owre, gent.—Rory 
O'Fflaharty and Danyell his brother, sonnes to Moroghe ne Mooe—M* 'Thomas'—M" 

Connor 


© This Donyell Coghie (Oomnaill an Cogaid) ‘The latter was afterwards known by the name of 
had to wife Grace O’Mailly, well known in modern Morogh na Maor.—See p. 108, ante, note ta. 
times by the name of Grauna Weale ; and by her 4 This Roger O’Fflaharty was chieftain of Moy- 
he had the two sons above-named, ‘‘Owine and Mo- _ cullen, and grandfather of our author. 
roghe.” The first was slain in A.p. 1586, by the © Mac Thomas, chief of the Joyces. See ante, 
suldiers of Sir Richard Bingham.— Four Masters. p. 44, note ¥, and additional note P, p. 216. 


310 


Connor’ — O'Halloran — M‘ Cahill Boy M' Donoghe'—and  M* Enry'—Dominyck- 
Lyuche of the Ballaghe, gent-—Domynicke Browne of Bearny, gent.—William Mar- 
tyne of Gortetleva, gent.—Richard Martyne of Ballyerter, gent.—Anthony Linche of 
the Dengine, gecnt— Marcus Linch titz-Nichollas of Furboghe, gent.—and Patrick 
ffrence of Curcholline, gent.—for and in the behalf of themselves and the rest of the 
Cheiftaynes, ffrecholders, Gent. ffarmers and inhabitants, having land or holdings 
within the countrey or terretorie of the OTFFLAITARTYES CONTREY called 

EYRE-CONAGIUT, their heires and assiyznes, of the other partie : ; 
“WYTNESSETH, that wher the said whole Cuntry of Eyre Conaught is devided 
into fower barronyes, that is to witt, the barrony vf Moycullyn, the barrony of Bal- 
lynehynsye, the barrony of Ress, and the barrony of the illes of Arren, which cun- 
teyneth in themselves, as well by uuncient Division as by late Inquisition and present- 
ments hereunto annexed, the nomber of 318 quarters of land, estemeing everie quar- 
ter, with his pastur, woodd and bogge, at 120 acres, as by a particular layinge downe 
of the same, in manner and forme followinge, yt may appeare—FIRSTE, in the 
barrony of Moycullen there is a quantitie of land called Gnomore and Gnobegge, 
which contayne 52 townes, consistinge of 138 quarters, that is to say, within Gno- 
more, in Aghnenure, 4 d“—in Ardeollume, 4 q"—in Ballymymyn, 4 q"—in Coy- 
showne or Fwoaghe, 2 q"—in Russhyne, 2 q"—in the Creagge, 1 J'—in the Leame, 
1 q'—in the Corre, 1 g'—in Ballyraghaine, 4 y—in Ballyturlagoma, 4 q"—in Balli- 
roschall, 4 q"—in Ballywoehterarde, 4 q’—in Ballyvickgillewye. 4 q"—in Ballynera, 
4 q"—in Ballyclonlorge, 4 qg*—in Currazheduife, a q'—in Rusmuck, 2 g”—in 
Leytrmyllane, 2 g”"—in Ballynemoght, 4 q°—in Killanelhire, 1 q'—in Lewghill, 1 
q'—in Clocke M* Cahill om, 1 g'—in Tierny, 1 g—in Killeame, 2 J"—in Letercally, 
1 q’—in Ballynhenry, 4 Jr —in the Ower, 2 qg"—in Kildaycamoge, 1 g'—in Rillu 
rvne, I q'—in Kylgeane. 1 g'’—in Inyse vickenchine, 2 q"—and in Ballynaghekear- 
nyn. 4 4“—which in that part of Gnomore cometh to 7g quarters, the moytie whereof 
issaid to belonge to Moroghe O°Flahertie is cept, and the other moytye to Rorie oge 
(WFlahertis cept. And within Gnobegge, in Moycullen, 4 q"—in Ballyclonyduff, 4 
J“—in Ballyeoshowne, 4 q°—in Ballybarnae. 4 q"—in Buallineforbagh, ¢ q™—in 
Ballynspiddell, 4 a''—in Coyleroe, 1 y'—in Moyascraghe, 4q"—in Oheyrie, 4 g”— 
in 


' Mae Connor, chief of a branch of the OFF la- 
herties, sprang trom Plush. the sn óf Ron: of Longh 
Rime: for whom see the Gettealosieal table, poat. 

é“ Mi Donshe. chief af another branch of the 
CVF Liberties called the Clan Doneorhs new Mae 


Denoush, sprung from Demah adwian second een 


of Muredach mor, for whom se Genealogical table 

h AE Enry, chief of the ancient Clan Conradd or 
Conrey, corrupted in latter times te " King.” This 
sept was ui ate in Tar-Connaught, several centuries 
heters the Ó Flahertios Sev ante, p. 253. 





311 


in Tullockyhamon, 4 q*—in Ballimoilgorryne, 4 q*—in Ballyquirecke, 4 q'—in 
Corcullen, 4 q"—in Lettermillayne, a q—in Innishomictriere, 2 g”—in Airdberrae, 
1 q’'—in Ballynteny, 1 g'—in Ballilwye, 2 q’—and in Rynvilly Ohwye, 2 4”, within 
that parte of Gnobegge that is said to be belonging to Gilleduffe O’Flahertie, cometh 
to 59 q™, and for the whole within that barrony cometh to 138 q™. In the barrony of 
Ballynehynsye there are 33 townes, consistinge of 84 quarters, that is to say; in 
Ballinehinsie, 4 g'—in Ballymoylyne, 4 q"—in Ballymongan, 4 q"—in Ballindwyne, 
4 q"—in Ballynclarie, 4 q"—in Ballylurie, 4 q"—in Ffeame, 1 q'—in Manynbegge, 
I q'—in Ballyfihensie, 4 q™—in Moynes, 4 d'"—in Moyrushe, 2 q"—in Urishelenane, 
2q"—in Ardmore, a g'—in Dowghan, 1 q'—in Ballyvickenrie, 4 q"—in Ummy, 
4 q"—in Carrowvegge, I q'—in Carrowahie, 1 g'—in Faydarge, 2 q™—in Soyle- 
hearne, 4 g"—in Cluggin, 2 q’—in Moydollan, 2 q™—in Ballinekillie, 4 qg™—in 
Moybillie, 2 g"—in Moyhard, 2 g”—in Abarrae, 2 g'—in Dawrosse, 2 g'.—in Ryn- 
villy, 5 q™—in Coyshinkillarie, 2 q"—in Clannancrewee, 1 q'—in Ballickynealie, 
2 g”—in Kilkernne, 1 q'—and in Inishtrevan, 1 q'—which are the whole within 
that barrony, which is said to belong to Teig ne bully O'Flaherty, and Daniell Coggie’ 
sonnes called Owen and Moroghe O’F flahertie, cometh to the aforesaid number of 84 q". 
In the barrony of Rosse, there are nine towns, consistinge of 62 q™ of land, that is to 
say, in Ballyrosse, 4 q"—in Ballynenaght, 18 da”, gotten by the O’Flaherties from 
some of the Boorks, as is said, for an Ericke—in Ballykillebride, 4 q’"—in Ballyglan- 
trig, 4 q"—in Ballyneclobricke, 4 q"—in Ballydowlagh, 4 q"—in Dwaght, 2 q”, 
which is said to be the Joysce lands, bearing Signiorie as well to O’Fflahertie as to 
M° Thomas—in Tomsnawe, 2 g"—in Dowrusse, 1 q'—in Tirenekillie, 1 g'—in the 
Carricke, 1 g'—in Tomnenean, 1 q'—in Brewnan, 1 qi—in Moynteroyn and Cwy- 
laghe, 1 g'—in Glynglassie, 4 q"—in Carrae, 1 q'—in Fowaghe, 1 g'—in Sleive- 
parthrie, 4 q"—and Ballybwyan, 4 q"—which in the whole within that barrony, 
cometh to the aforesaid nomber of 62 q™. In the barrony of Arren there are three 
illands, one called Arrenmore consisting of 24 q™, and the other two consisting of 
6 q™ a piece; which, in the whole, cometh to 36 q™, being the Queen’s Ma" inheri- 
tance.—All which being drawen into one total], cometh to the aforesaid nomber of 
318 quarters. 

é The said Sir Moroghe O’Fflaherty, knight, Donyll Crone O’Fflaherty, compety- 
tor, Teige ne Bulie, Owine fitz Doniell O’Fflaherty, Moroghe O’F flaherty, Roger 
O’Fflaherty, Donyll M* Rory O’Fflaherty, Rory O’Fflaherty and Donyll his brother 
sonnes to Moroghe ne Move, M° Thomas, Mac Connor, O Halloran, M* Cahill boy 
M. Donoghe, M° Enry, and the rest of the gent. freeholders, & inhabitants of the said 
contrey, acknowledginge the manifold benefitts and easments they finde, in possesinge 

of 





312 


of their lands and goods since the peaceable government of the said Lo. Deputies an! 
the just dealings of S' Richard Binghame, knight, their cheite officer, as well avainet 
comon mallefactors and spoylers, as also agaynst the unmeasurable cesses and oppres- 
sions of all sorts of men of warr, heretofore layd upon them; have, inconsideracen there- 
of, and for that the said Right honorable the Lo. deputie duthe promise, eovenaunt and 
graunte to and with the said cheiftaines, gent., freeholders and nihubitants of the said 
Earconnaght, for and in the behalf of the Queen’s Mat", that they and every of them 
their heires and assignes, for their lands within the said contrey, shall, from and after 
the date hereof) be freelie and wholy dischardged, acquitted and exenerated fur ever, 
off and from all manner of cesses, taxes, chardges, exuccons, cuttings. ymposicons, 
purveying, cateing, findinge or bearing of soldiers, and from all other burdens what- 
soever, other than the rents. reservacons, and chardges hereafter in this Indenture 
specified, and to be enacted by parleament: willingly and thankfully for them their 
heirs and assignes, given and graunted, licke us they hereby doe give and graunte. to 
the said right Honorable the Lo. Deputy and his heirs, tu the use of the Queene’s 
most excellent Ma™ her heirs and successvurs for ever, one yearelie rent chardge of 
tenn shillinges of good and lawful current money of England, goinge out of every 
q' of 280 q™ of the aforesaid number of 318 ag" of land, which in the whele amounteth 
yearelie to the some of £140 ster, payable at the feastes of St. Michaell tharchangell 
and Easter, by euven porcons, the first payment to beginne at the feast of St. Mychaell 
tharchangell next ensuimy the date hereof) and sce yearcle for ever at the several 
feasts aforsaid, at her highnes’ Exchequer within the sume realin of Ireland, or to the 
hands of the Vice threr, or generall receaver of the same realme for the tyne beinge: 
and for lacke of money to be paved in the Exchequer aforesaid, the same thresunr 
or venerall receaver to recerve Kvne, to the value of the said rente, or so muche there- 
of as shall remayne unpaved, at the rate of 13. 4: ster. for everle good und lawfull 
beat) And if yt fortune the said rente of £140 ster. to be behind and unpaved, in 
parte or in all, in imanner and forme afoesaid, that yt shalbe lawrull unto the said 
rirht honnorable the | Deputic, or other SeVernour or wovernours of this realme 
for the tyme beiug. to enter and distravne in all and singular the lands, tenements 
and hered ytament- of the said 2830 a and the distresse taken to detay ne and keepe, 
tvll the said vearelte rent as atore be fullie and wholie satisfied and payd : provyded 
alwiaves, that if vt fortune ane parte of the quarters aforesaid, subject to this Ccom- 
position, to be se Waste as vt beareth mether borne or core, that the sume shall not 
be davd upon the rest that is inhabited. but shall be torborne both in rente and arres- 

radves, duringe that tyme. 
“And further, the persens above named, for them their heires and assigns, doe 
covensunt 





313 


covenaunt, promise & graunte to and with the said Right honnorable the Lo. Deputie 
and his heires, for and in the behalfe of the Queens most excellent Mat* her heires 
and successors, not onelye to aunswer and beare yearlie for ever, to all hostings, roods 
and jurneyes within the said province of Connaght and Thomond, whereas and at 
what tyme they shalbe thereunto comaunded, by the lo. deputie or other Governour 
or Governours of this realme, or by the cheif officer of the said province, fiftie good 
hable footemen, well armed, uppon their owne proper costs and chardges, over and 
besids the rent aforesaid: But also to aunswer & beare to all generall hostings pro- 
claymed in this realme, twenty footemen well armed and furnished with carriadge and 
victualls, uppen their owne proper costs and chardge, dureing the tyme of the said 
generall hostinges, if the lo. deputy or other governour of this realme, for the tyme 
being, doe require the same. 

“ And further yt is condiscended, concluded and agreed, as well by the said right 
honnorable the deputy, for and in the behalf of the Queens most excellent Ma™, as 
also by the said Sir Moroge, Donyll Crone, Teige ne bully, Owen Fitz Donyell, 
Moroghe O’Fflahertie, Roger O’Fflahertie, Donyell M*°Rorie, Rorie and Donyell, sonns 
to Moroghe ne Moe, M*Thomas, M°Connor, O’Hallorane, M° Cahill boy M*Donghe, 
M‘Enry, and the rest of the freeholders and inhabitants of the said contrey, in manner 
and form followeinge, viz. that the names, stilles, and titles of captayneships, taynist- 
ships and all other Irishe aucthorities and jurisdictions heretofore used by the O’Ffla- 
hertyes, together with all ellection and customarie division of land, occasioning great 
streeffe and contention emongest them, shall from henceforthe be utterlie abollyshed, 
extinct, renounsed, and put backe within the said countrey of Eyrconnaght, for ever, 
but that their lands and inherytants shall lynialie discend from the father to the 
sonn, accordinge to the course and order of the lawes of England. In consideracon 
whereof, and for that her Ma‘* doth moste gracouslie mynde of the benefitt and 
advancemement of everie good subject according to his degree, by redusinge of their 
uncertayne and unlawfull manner of takings from others, to a certayne and more 
beneficial! state of liveinge for them and their heires, then their said pretended titles 
or claymes did or could hitherto afforde them ; the said right Ho: the lord deputie 
for and in the behalfe of the Queen’s most excellent Ma", and also the aforesaid 
chieftaynes, gent. freeholders and inhabitants, one the behalf of themselves and the 
rest of the said contrey, their heires and assignes, doth covenaunt, promise, graunte 
and agree to and with the said Sir Moroghe ne doe, knight, otherwise called O’Ffla- 
herty, that for the better mayntenaunce of the degree of knighthode, whereunto yt 
hath pleased her Ma“ to calle him, he shall have, hold, receive and take, by letters 
patenttes from her Ma“ to him his heires and assignes, the castle of Aghenure, and 

TRISH ARCH. 80C. 15. 28 fower 


314 


lower q” of land with their appurtenaunces belonginge to the same, in the barreny 
of Moycullen, as a free demayne to his said castle, freclie exonerated and dischardged 
of and from this composicon; also the castle of Fowhaghe in the barruny sforsaid. 
and tower q” of land with their appurtenaunces, as a free demayne tu be joyned to 
the said castle, frevlie exonerated and dischardged of and from this cumpositiun; also 
the castle of Ballinneaghe, and fower q”™ of land with their appurtenaunces in the 
harronny of Rosse, as a free demayne to be joyned to the said castle, freelie exonerated 
and dischardged of and from the said composition ; and also the castle of Down 
kearowahie, and 3 q™ of land with their appurtenaunces in the barrony of Ballyne- 
hinsie, to be joyned as a free demayne to the said castell, exonerated and dischardged 
of and from this composition, withe the goods and chattles of persons attaynted uf 
fellony, that shall happ or chaunce to dwell and inhabit within the aforsaid quarters 
of land so to him ussigned, and all other casualties and amerciaments that shall from 
tyme to tyme growe within the same ; and that he and his heires and assignes shall 
hold ali and singular the premisses of the Queen’s most excellent Ma her heirs and 
successours, by knight service, that is to say by the xx" parte of a knight's fee, as of 
her castle or mannor of Arkine in the greate iand of Arren, with suit and service 
to the curte barron and lecte of the said cannor. 

“ And that also Teig ne bullie O'Ftlahertie aforsuid shall, for his better maynten- 
ance of livinge, have, receive and take by letters pattents from her Ma“ to him his 
heires and assignes, the castle of Ard in the barrony of Ballenchinsie, standinge on 
the land of Moyrus, and 6 q™ of land with the appurtenances next adjoyning to the 
said castle. in the townes of Moyrusse, Moynish, Fynish, and Hlamashine, as a free 
demayne to the same, exonerated & discharged of and trom the said composition, & 
of and from all other rents or demaunds of the said Sir Moroghe ne due or his heirs; 
and also shall have, hould, possesse and injoy to him and his heires and assignes, the 
castle ot Ballenchinsie, and nine other q™ of land subject to the composition, whereof 
he is said to be now seized as of his inheritance, in Ballenehensie, Ballivolline, Ballin- 
clare, Ballindowyn, und other villudges in the said barrony of Ballinehinsie, freelie 
acquitted and dischardged of and from all rents and demaunds of the said Sir Morogh 
and his heires: and that the said Téir ne bullie and his heirs shall bold all and sin- 
sular the premisses of her Ma" her heires and successors, by knight service, viz. by 
the xx" parte ofa knight's fee, as of her castle or manor of Arkyne in the great 
Hand of Arren aforsaid, with suite and service tu the courte barron and lete of the said 
mannor. And that after the decease of the said Téir ne bullie, all such rents, duties 
and customs as are claymed to be belonging to the name of O'Filahertie, shall in con- 
sideracon that the same is but extorted, be thenceforth utterlie determyned and 
extinet, for ever. “ And 


315 


“ And that also Donell Coggye’s two sonnes, called Oene and Morogh O’Flahirtie, 
shall, for their better mayntenaunce of livinge, have, receive and take by letters pat- 
tentes from her Ma“ to them their heires and assignes, the castle of Bonowne in 
the barrony of Ballynehinsie and six a" of land with their appurtenaunces next 
adjoyning to the same, in Ballyndwyn, Mannynemore, Ballycare, and Ballimongaine, 
as a free demayne to the said castle, exonerated and dischardged as well of and from 
this composition, as also of and from all other rents, duties and demaunds of the 
said Sir Moroghe ne doe, Teige ne bullie, and their heires; and shall also have, holde, 
possesse, and injoye to them their heires and assignes, tenn other quarters of land 
subject to this composition, whereof they are said to be now seized as their inherit- 
ance, in Ballynehensie, Ballymongan, Ayrdmore, Ballymollen, Dwoughan, Mannyne- 
begge, Ballykinnalie, Ballynclare, Lehenaghe, Crozhnett, the Killny and Fahikeraghe 
in the said barrony of Ballynehinsie; and that they and their heires shall hold all and 
singular the premisses of the Queen’s Ma™ her heires and successours, by knights 
service, that is to saye the xx" part of a knight’s fee, as of her said mannor or castle 
of Arkyne in the greate iland of Arran, with suite and service to the courte barron 
and lete of the said mannor. 

And that also Swyrveraghe Ffolane and his brother, in respect of the civill bring- 
ing upp of the said Swyrveraghe is sonne called Nehemias Ffolan, shall have, hold, 
possess, and injoy to them and to their heires and assignes, two q™ of land in Moyrusse 
and Leytterdohartee in the said barrony of Ballynehency, freelie exonerated and dis- 
chardged as well of and from this composition, as also of and from all rents and 
demaunds of the said Sir Moroghe and Teig ne bullie and their heires; and shall also 
hold the same of her Ma™ her heirs and successours by knights service, viz. by 
the xl" part of a knights fee, as of her said mannor or castle of Arkine, with suite 
and service to the courte barrone and lete of the said mannor. 

And that also Roger O’Flahertie of Moycullyne, for his better mayntenance of 
livinge, and in respect of his good and civil bringing up in Englande, shall have, 
receave, and take, by letters pattentes from her Ma™, to him his heires and assignes, 
the castle and house of Moycullen and fower g" of land with their appurtenances 
belonging thereunto, in the said Moycullen, and also fower other q” of land in the 
townes adjoininge to the same in Gnobegge, whereof he is said to be now seized as of 
his inheritants, freelie exonerated and discharged, for ever, of and from this composi- 
tion; and all other his landes in Gnobegge aforesaid, discharged of and from all the 
rents, duties, and demaundes of the said Sir Murrough and Teig ne bullie, and their 
heirs; and that he and his heirs shall hold all and singular the premisses of the Queen’s 
Ma™ her heirs and successours, by knight service, viz. by the xx parte of a knight’s 


282 fee 
ry 





316 


fee, as of her said mannor or castle of Arkine, with suite and service to the courte 
barron and lete of the said mannor. 

‘ And that also M“Thomas in the barrony of Rosse gent. shall have, hold, possess, 
aud enjoy, to him his heires and assignes, one q’ of land in Dowray freely acquitted, 
exonerated and dischardved as well of and from this composition, as also of and from 
all rents, duties, and demaunds of the said Sir Morough ne doe, or any other their 
heires and assignes, the same to be holden of her Ma™ her heires and successors by 
knizht’s service, that is to say, by the xl" parte of a knight’s fee, as of her said mannor 
of Arkine; and that after the decease of the said M*Thomas, all such rents, duties. and 
customs as are challendged to be belonginge to the name of M‘Thomas, except he 
can prove by lawe the same to be due be reasone of holdinge their landes of him, shail 
from thence be utterlie determyned and extinct, for ever. 

“And where there remayneth in the barrony of Rosse, 57 q™ of land subject to 
this composition, as the inheritance of the Joyes and other freeholders of that barrony, 
it is covenaunted, graunted, promised, and agreed as aforesaid, that the said Sir 
Moroghe ne doe and his heires, shall have to him and his heires one yearly rent 
chardge of 5* ster. goinge oute of every quarter of the said 57 quarters, over and 
besides the said composition, amountinge by the year to £14 5° ster. not chardging 
the porcon of the wast land uppon the inhubitted, in full recompence of all duties, cut- 
tings and expenses by him challendged of the said freeholders, with all the goods and 
chattels of persons attainted of tellony that shall hap or chaunce to dwell and inhs- 
bite within the said landes, and all other casualties and amercements that shall 
growe from tyme to tyme within the same; and that they and every of them their heires 
and assignes, according to his and their porcon of land, shall held the same of the said 
Sir Morough and his heires, by knight’s service, viz. by the xl" parte of a knight's 
fee, as of his castle or manner of Bally-Innyn in the barrony of Rosse aforesaid, and 
shall also doe suite to his courte barron and icte of his said mannor. 

« And where there remayneth in the barony of Maycullen, 122 q” of land subject 
to this composition, it is also covenaunted, granted, promised, and agreed as afuresaid, 
that the said Sir Moroughe shall have to him and his heirs, one yearly rentchardge of 
5° ster. over and besides the said composition, goinge out of every quarter of the said 
122 4", which amounteth yearly to the some of £30. 5° ster. not chardging the poroon 
of the wast land upon the inhabited, in full recompence of all duties, cuttings, and 
expenses by him challendged of the inheritors of the said quarters; and that they and 
everie of them, their heires and assignes, for his und their porcons, shall bold the same 
of the Queene’s Ma“ her heires and successors, by kuight’s service. viz. by the sl” 


parte 


317 


parte of a knight’s fee, as of her said castle or mannor of Arkyne in the greate iland 
of Arren, and shall doe suit to the courte barron and lete of the said mannor. 

“ And where there remayneth in the barony of Ballynehinsie, 69 da” subject to 
this composition, it is also covenaunted, graunted, promised, and agreed as aforesaid, 
that the said Sir Morough and his heires shall have to him and his heires one yearlie 
rentchardge of 5* ster. over and besides the said composition, goinge out of every g” of 
the said 69 q”, which amounteth yearly to the some of £17. s" ster. not chardging the 
porcon of the wast land uppon the inhabited, in full recompense of all duties, cuttings, 
and expenses by him challendged of the inheritors of the said q™; and that they and 
everie of them, their heires and assigns, for his and their porcons, shall hold the same 
of the Queene’s Mat” her heires and successors, by knight’s service, viz. by the xl” 
parte of a knight’s fee, as of her said castle or mannor of Arkyne in the greate iland 
of Arren, and shall doe suit to the courte barron and lete of the said mannor. 

‘© And that also Wm. Marten of Gallway, gent. in respect of his office and service 
in the same, shall have, hold, possess, and enjoy, to him his heires and assignes, half 
a q' of land called Gortytleave, with all and singular their appurtenances belonginge 
to the same, freelie exonerated and dischardged of and from this composition; and 
shall also hold the same of her Mat” her heires and successours, by knight’s service, viz. 
by the xl™ part of a knight’s fee, as of her castle or mannor of Arkine, in the greate 
iland of Arren, and shall doe suite to the courte barron and lete of the said mannor. 

s And the aforesaid cheiftaynes, gent. freeholders, and inhabitants, for them and 
either of them their heires and assignes, have and by theis presents doe give full 
power, consent and assent, that this present deed indented, and every word, clause, 
sentence, condicon, and article therein coptayned, shalbe enroled in her Ma™ high 
courte of Chauncery, there to remayne of record, for ever. 

“IN WYTNESE whereof, to this parte of this Indenture remayninge in the cus- 
todie of the said Right honorable the Lo. Deputie, for and in the behalfe of the Queen’s 
most excellent Ma™ her heires and successors, the said cheiftaynes, gent. freeholders, 
ffermours, and the rest above named, have hereunto put their seales and subscribed 
their names, the second of September, anno Domini 1585, and in the xxvii™ yeare of 
the reyng of our Soveraigne lady Elizabeth, by the grace of God Queene ~f England, 
Fraunce and Irelande, defender of the fayth, &c. Provyded that anie thing conteyned 
in this Indenture, shall not extend to prejudice anie manne’s right or title to any lands 
contayned in the same. 

“ SR. MoRROGH NE DO O’FFLAHERTIE SERVREAGH O'FoLAN. 
his + mark. ANTHONY LINCHE FITZ- THOMAS. 

Dominick BROWNE. WILLiaM MartTYne.” 
II. 


318 


II. 
é Many O’Kelle’s Country.” 


“ THIS INDENTURE made betwixte the Right Honorable Sir John Perrotte 
knt. lord Deputie generall of Irclande, for and on the behaulfe of the Queene’s most 
excellent Majestic, of the one parte, and the lords spiritual and temporall, cheiftaines 
gent. ffrecholders, fermors, and inhabyttants having lands or holdings in IMANY, 
called the OKELLIES COUNTRY, on both sydes of the river of Suck in the pro- 
vince of Connaught: that is to say, the reverend father in God William, archbishop of 
Twemme—Stephen, byshopp of Clonterte—John, byshope of Elphine—and Edmond, 
deane of Klonknoyse—Ullicke, erle of Clanrickurd—Hugh O Kelly of Lissecallone, 
otherwise called O’Kelly—Teige M* William O'Kelly of Mullaghmore, and Connor 
oge O’ Kelly of Killiane, compettitors for the name of tanestshipe of O’Kelly—Connor 
ne Garroge ©’ Kelly of Gallaghe —Shane ne moy O'Kelly of the Criaghe, gen.— William 
O’Mannyne of Mynloghe, otherwise called O’Mannine—Morrartaghe O’Concannon of 
Killtullaghe, otherwise called O’Concannon—Shane O’Naghten of Moynure, other 
wise called O'Naghten—Edmond M*Keoghe of Awenaghe, otherwise called Mae 
Keoghe—Donogh O'Murry of Ballymurry, otherwise called O’Murrye—Couoghe 
O’Falloue of the Milltowne, otherwise called O° Fallone—Teige M' Owen of Gallee, 
otherwise called MA Edmond—Collo M*Connore of the same, gen.—Ferdorraghe 
M- William Carragh of the same—Connor Mac Gerraght, otherwise called M* Gir 
raghte—Edmond wony O'Concannone of Cawlre, freeholder—Sir Thomas Lestrange 
of Athleazue, knt.—Thomas Dillone of Curraghboy, esquire—John Crofton of Bally- 
murry, gen.—Nathaniel Suuth of Dromolgagh, gen.—Fraunces Shane of Bvallagare, 
gen.— Edward Mostine of the Graunge, gen.—Robert Johnsone of the Garbally, gen— 
Richard Bectaghe of the Cresze, gen.—John Burke of the Turrocke, gen.— William 
Mostune of the Downe, gen—Johu Moore of Cloncebegnett, and Richard Dogherty of 
Ratharrowe, gen.—Fimes Claye of Kyncklare, gen.—Robert Semper of Newcastell, 
gen.—George Goodeman and Miles Cavanazhe, tfermores of S' Johns Jerusalem— 
Sir Henry Wallope Knight, ffermor of S‘ Peters of Athlone—Dominick Lynch of 
Galway, fermor of the abbey of Cnockmoy—and Ullick Derry Linch of Gurrandar- 
raghie, frecholder, of the other puirte. 

“ WYTNESSETH, that wheare the said country or territorie of Imanay, called 
the O*Rellie’s Country, is devided inte tvve principal! barunies, that is tu wytt, 
Athlone, Kileonnell, Teaquine, Killyane, and Moyearnane, which contains, as well 
by auneient devysion, as by late Inquistion, 6654 a" of lands, everiv q! containing 120 
acres.— FIRSTE, in the barrony of Athlone, there is a quantity of lund known by the 

name 





319 


name of O’Murrey, and Mac Edmond’s eraght (o1gpeaco, inheritance) called the 
Heyney, 46 g"”—Mac Keogh’s eraght called Moyfinn, 55 q*—O’Ffallone’s eraght 
called Clonedaghe, 47 q*—Eraght Hugh, called Toahaleage (cuat, country) 154 
g”—Eraght M*Gerraght, 33 q"—-O’Noghten’s eraght called the Ffaas, 35 q"—the 
Slaightines, being dispersed within the former eraghts, 16 q™; which in the whole 
cometh to 2874 q™. In the barrony of Kilconnelle there is a quantity of land called 
Eraght Carbry, 26 q"—Toachalla, 30 q"—Toahbreny, 26 ga", whereof belongeth to 
the earl of Ormond 24 q"—Pobble-Keowghe, 294 q™; which in the whole cometh to 
107 q™. Inthe barony of Teaquin there is a quantity of land called Eraght O’Manyne, 
24 q"—Killyboggy, 21 q"—Eraght I. Dermoda, 23 q"—Sleigt Teighe M* Donoghe, 
33 q"—Teagh ne palice 15 g”—in Killosallane, 4 4”, which is conveied over by state 
of inheritance to the aforesaid Thomas Dillon of Curraghboy—also Corcomoy, 24.4”; 
which in the whole of that barony cometh to 140 q”. In the barrony of Killian there 
is a quantity of land called Aghyarte, 12 q"—Sleight Teige O’Kelly, 8 q’™—Eraght 
Dermott, 8 q*—The Slewe 12 q™; which in the whole of that barony cometh to 40 
q™. In the barony of Moy-carnane there is a quantity of land called Clonmacknoyne, 
otherwise Shane ne Moye’s country, on both sides of the Succe, 89 q™; which in the 
whole of that barrony cometh to 89 q*.—All which being drawn into one totall, cometh 
to the aforesaid number of 6654 quarters. 

é The aforesaid lords, chieftaines, &c. graunt to her Ma™ the Queene, a penny 
and one third of a penny out of every acre of the aforesaid 6654 q™, which amounteth 
in every year to 665 marks sterling; and for lack of money to be paid, the Treasurer or 
general receiver shall receive kine to the value of the said rent, or so much thereof as 
shall remaine unpaid, at the rate of 13" 4” for every good and lauful beofe, or as kine 
shall be worthe and solde in the markett of Athlone, the tyme of payment. 

é The said lords, chieftayns, &c. acknowledging the manifold benefitts and easments 
they finde, &c. doe covenant to aunswere and beare, yearlie for ever, 30 good hable horse- 
men and 220 footmen well armed, to all hostings, roods and jurneyes within Connaught 
and Thomond; and 10 good hable horsemen, and 40 footmen well armed and furnished 
with arms, garrans and victuals, to all generall hostings proclaymed in this realme. 
And they shall further bear, yield and pay yearly, 300 sufficient labourers with their 
tooles and victuals, to work 4 daies every year where the chiefe officer or commis- 
sioner of the said province shall assigne. And that the sleight of the Naghtenes shall 
answeare and beare the accustomed duties and service, to her Majestie’s house of 
Athlone. 

“ It is agreed by the lord Deputy, on behalf of the Queene, and the said Hugh 
O'Kelly, otherwise called O’Kelly, Teige and Connor O'Kelly, compettitors for the 
name and tanestshippe of O’Kellie, and others of the Irishry above named, that the 

captaineshippe 





320 


captaineshippe & tanistshippe of the said country, called the O’Kellic’s cuntry, which 
hath been hertofore used by the said O’Kellies, & all culleecon and Irish customary 
devision of lands used amongst them, shall from henceforthe be utterlye abolished. 
extinct, renounced, and put backe within the said country, for ever.—In_ respert 
whereof, and for that her Majesty doth graciously meane the maintaininge of such of 
the Irishry as willingly submitt, the lord Deputy doth, for the Queen, covenant and 
promise that the said Hughe O’Kelly, otherwise called O’Kelly, shall have and take 
by letters patent, the 4 quarters of land, now in his possession, in Eraght O*Murry 
in M® Edmond’s country in the barony of Athlone, viz. Lisenuske, Ferrenbreaghe, 
Lyssdallon and Moydowe, with the moyety of all the goods of felons, &“. within the 
same; to be holden by knight’s service: And, for further augmentacon of his living, 
that he shall have, during his naturall life, £56 19s. 6d. out of the several lands fol- 
lowing, viz. upon the eraght of O?Murray and M“ Edmond, one á q’ of Killeaghe, 4 q' 
of Corragarowe, $ q’ of Carrowmader, Ferrenbreagye, Shanbally M® Connor, Muyly- 
terraghe, Lisseneponre, Killenreoghe, Fyermore, the eraght called Aleage, also Sleight 
Gillebert, and eraght Mac Hughe, the a' of Cloghane, Kewne, Funshenaghe, Clunioe- 
taghe, eraght M° Hughe 19 q™, the craght called Clonedaghe, the q’ of Nilchele, 
Ardnecolenan, Carowkewle, Gortenduffe, Kilvane, the q' of Turrock, in eraght Nf 
Gerazht, the g' of Aghgowre, Bunnynibber, Aghgadd. Clynlergine, the eraght called 
the Feaivs, the cartron of Tibraghane, Killaghane, a cartron of Carghen, Carrunewre, 
Carronderry, Moyvennan, Carronlazhane, Carronloghe, the 4 g' of Carronkewen, 
Drineka, Clonark, Clongawnaghe, Shanvally-nanty, in the eraght called Moyfinne, 
the cartron of Carrowmore, Derndoly, the 4 quarter of Tawnaghe, Knocke-Cowle-ne 
Caldry, Carrige, Ardmolane, Cornegewre, Dondonyll, in the barony of Movcarnaa, 
upon the whole country ealled Cloynvieknoyne, upon the eraght called the Slewe, in 
the eraght of Toavreny, the eraght of Aghoarte, and Crohone Sleight Teige O'Kelly, 
upon the g' of Bealladryne, the gq’ called) Moyvameon, Corregarrowe, Clondalye, 
Carrownezapple, Crezane, Carrowganvy, Carrownefrevy, Carrow-blenglasse, Carrow- 
morekillyane, the (I of Moynterdony, Moyrushe, Ballynecorre, Clonkure, Engl vee, 
upon the eraght called Toecallae, the at of Lysscdoulane, the q’ of Carrowmenagh, 
Lisknedane, Barneboy, Loghanebreane, Carrownenagh, and in the barony uf Teaquine, 
upon the septs of OTManyvne & O'Concanon, and the septs of the archbishope, which 
in the whole cometh to the sum of £56 19x. Ged, 
© That the said Teizge MS William O* Kelly shall have by letters patentts, soe many 
qn of land as he is now justly seized of, in the barronies of Teaquine & Kilconnell, 
that is to say, the q" of Mullashmore. the gq! of Furreuefuhve, the q" of Cornegal- 
laghe, the q’ of Currownesire, and the q’ of Currowneboe. That the said Connor 
oge 





, 


321 


oge O'Kelly shall have the four q™ of land in and about the town of Killian; to hold 
by knights service. Upon this condition, that the said Hughe, Teige, and Connor 
oge and their heirs, shall henceforth behave themselves like good subjects; shall put 
no ymposition or chardge upon the inhabytors of the said lands; shall be obedyent to 
the Queen’s laws; shall not maintain or succour any of her enemies; and shall bring 
uppe their children after the Englishe fashions, and in the use of the Englyshe tounge; 
and that after the decease of the said Hughe O’Kelly, otherwise called O’Kelly, the 
lands aforesaid be discharged of the aforesaid rents. IN WYTNESSE whereof, the 
aforesaid lords, chieftains, &. have hereunto put their seales and subscribed their 
names, the sixth day of August, Anno Domini 1585. 

“& W. Tuamen.—S. CLONFERTEN.—JOH. ELPHINE.—O’KELLY.—ConNoR 
Oce.—Con M“ Garet.—M* Corre.—DonocGue O’Miorry.—O’N agg- 
TINE.—THOM. LE STRANGE.—THOM. DILLONE.—JOHN CroFTon.— 
Francis SHANE.——ROB”. JoHNsoN.—JOHN BirteE.—W™. Mostin.— 
MILEs CAVANAGHE.—JOHN Norris.—NEHEMIAS CLAYE.—RICHARD 
Donorte.—Ros’. SEMPER. 

““ J. PERROT. 

“é Althoghe by this within written Indenture of Composition with the O’Kellies 
cuntry, they are charged to her Majesty after the rate of 138. 4d. sterling upon every 
quarter of land, yet, forasmuche as they were the first that yealded to that Composi- 
tion in that province, and thereby occasioned others to do the lyke, and that also the 
rest of the whole province of Connaught doth beare by their Composition but 1os. 
sterling a quarter, having in some places farre better londe then the O’Kellies hath, 
and not borne heretofore soe greate a burden as they have done, I the Lo. Deputie 
think it very reasonable, and therefore doe covenant and agree, that the said O’Kellies 
country shall beare but as the rest of the said province doth, (that is to saye) Iom. 
sterling upon every quarter of lande chardgeable to Her Majesty, and soe to continue 


until her Majesties pleasure be knowne. 
‘J. PERRorT.” 


III. 
“0” Madden’s Country. 

“THIS INDENTURE made betwixte the Right Honorable Sir John Perrotte 
kn*. lord Deputy, &c. of the one parte, and Stephen bishop of Clonfert—Donyll 
O’Madden of Longford, otherwise called O’Madden—Owen Balluff O’Madden of Lus- 
magh, gen.—Cogh O’Madden of Killyan, gen.—Edmond M* Downy of Rathmore, gen. 
—Donyll M° Brasill of Dryowen, gen.—Cathall Carragh O’Madden of...... gen.— 

IRISH ARCH. 80C. I5. 2T and 





322 


and other the freeholders and inhabitants, having lands or holdings within the barvny 
of Longford, otherwise called SYLLANMUIGHIE in the county of Galway, of the 
other parte. 

“WHEARE the said barony of Longforde contayneth in itself, as well by ancient 
division as by late Inquisition, 233 quarters of lande, everie quarter containing 120 
acres. FIRSTE there is a quantity of land called Lusmoghe, 20 g”—also the manor 
of Millicke. 4 i”, belonging to the Queen—Lysmofadda, 3 q"—the parish of Borrish, 
7 q"—Knockmoey darregge, 41 y™. whereof 7 q™ as is said belong to her Majesty in 
right of the abbey of Clonfert, and 5 q™ as is said bearcth chiefry to the bisboprick 
of Clonfert—also Kilmacoaskeagh, 12 q?—also Annaghe Carroll, a q"—the parish of 
Moynterunan, 7 q—Kenaghan, Lessinmore and Ballinekille, 5 q"—Glaster, 2 q"— 
Cloughenock Inisherke, 1 q'’—Clonfertt, 2 a”, which belongeth to the bishoprick of 
the same—also there is a quantity of land called Magher in Erllae, ao g"—Tuhe Kil- 
lemoy, 9} y"—Tirran, 4 q"—Portomna, 6 q°—Tohe M° Moroghe, 10 q”—Sleight 
Collow, 9 a“— Tohe Bollowe, 14 q"'—Tohe Raherrill, IO 4. whereof as is said i q’ 
heareth chiefry to the bishoprick of Clontert—Boylosky, 9 q"—Aghavaghan, 5 g"— 
Gort O’Madden, a q"—the Sonagh, 2 q"™—the Lorggie and Cappaghe-naghten, 
2 q™—Corbually, 4 q™— Benigher, 4 q'—Ballybagge, 1 q'—Ballynebrannaghe, 
1 q'—Killeran, 4 q"—Clonlaghan, 1 qg'—Balleneclanty, 4 q"—Kaulltormer, 1 q'—the 
Moy, 4 q"—Leyssyreaghan, 2 q*— Oghill bege, 1 gq’ — Aneghcallowe, 1 q’—Toll 
M° Sallagh, i qg’—Rahen and Killdolisk, 1 g'—Clonemaskrye, 1 q’—Clonowlise, 
4 a q’—Clare, 1 y’—Ballemaghen, 1 q'—Androguwle, 2 q”"—Clonfeaghan, 1 q'— 
Feabegee, 1 qgi—all within the said barony ; and all which being drawn into one 
total cometh to the aforesaid number of 233 quarters, 

* The aforesaid lords and chicttains, acknowledging the manifold benefitts and 
easements they finde, doe covenant to aunswere and beare 4 good horsemen and 12 
footmen, well armed with carriage and victualls, to all hostings, roods and journies 
within Connaught and Thomond ; and 2 good hable horsemen and 6 footmen well 
armed, to all generall hostings proclaymed in this realme. 

“Tt is agreed by the said Jord deputy that the said Donell O*Madden, for his 
better mayntenauce of lyvinge, shall have and take by letters patent, 8 quarters of 
land as a demeusne to his castells of Longford and Clonteaghan, free; to be held as 
of the Queen’s manor of Mylicke by knight?» service; and also $a. ster. out of every 
quarter of 1487 q™ of lunde, in recompense of all rents, duties, spendings and demands 
claimed by the said O'Madden, of the trechulders of the said ad. 

". That the lord bishop of Clonfert shall have 6 J- tree us a demayne to his house 
and manor of Clontert. 


“Tha 


323 


“That Owen O’Madden shall have 4 q™ free adjoining his house of Cloghan; and 
also 22 q™ subject to this composition, whereof he is said to be seized, as of his 
inheritance in Lusmagh. 

“That the earle of Clanrickard shall have the castle or manor of Portumny and 
44” free, whereof he is said to be now saized as of his inheritance, fully discharged 
of all rents and demands of O’Madden. IN WITNESSE whereof the said Lords, 
Chieftains, &., have hereunto put their seals, and subscribed their names, the second 
day of September, Anno Domini 158s. 

“STEPHEN CLONFERT.—OwWIN O’MADDEN’s marke.—Epmp. Mac Downry’s 
marke. — DonnELL Mac BrassaLl’s marke.—CaHALL CARRAGH’S 
marke.—JNo. Bour KE.” 


IV. 
“ That Part of Connaught called Clanrickard.” 


“THIS INDENTURE made betwixte the Right Honor™ Sir John Perrott, &. of 
the one partye; and Ulick earl of Clanrickarde—the rev. father in God William arch- 
bishop of Toeme—Stephen byshop of Clonferte—Thomas electe byshop of Kilmac- 
kaghe—The lord barron of Leitryme—Rickard Bourke of Derry M° Laghny, es- 
quire—Sherone M*° Khowge of Killenedyaine, otherwise M° Kowge—Ullick Car- 
raghe M* Hubbert of the Dissharte, otherwise called M* Hubberte—Hubbert 
M" Edmund of Gortnemackin, gen.—Robert Johnesone of Binmore, gen.— William 
Mostonne of the Downe, gen.—Shannock M° William Roe of the Naile, otherwise 
called Mac William Roe—Walter Wall of Droghtye, chiefe of his name—Redmond 
Dolphine of Rarroddy, chiefe of his name—Hugh M* Swine of Cloghervanae—Oene 
M* Swine of Kiltullage, gen.—Oene Mantagh O’Heine of Downgorye, otherwise 
called O’Heine—Connor Crone O’Heine, taneste to the said O’Heine—Hubbert boy 
Bourk M* Redmond, otherwise called M* Edmond—Dermod O’Shaghnes of Gort- 
ynchgory — Johne O’Shaghnes of Ardmollyvan, compettytors for the name of 
O’Shaghnes—Nehemias Follane of the Newtone, gen.—Edmond M* Ullick Bourke 
of Ballily, gen.—Rickard M* William of Rahale, gen.—Shane oge Bourke of Man- 
nyne, gen.—and Brien reoghe M“ Killkelly of Cloghballymore, gen.—of the other parte. 
WYTNESSETH that wheare the whole country or territory of CLANRICKARD is 
divyded into six principall baronies, that is to wytt, Loughreaghe, Killetaraghe, 
Clare, Donkillin, Athenry, and Leitryme, which contain, as well by auncient devy- 
sion as by late Inquisicon, 958 quarters of lande, everie quarter 120 acres:—FIRSTE, 
in the baronye of Loughreaghe there is a quantity of land called Pobbill Clan-Henry 

2T 2 of 


324 


of the East, 28 q"—Ballinekilly, g q"—Ballyneereggy, 2 q"—Raleine and Carrow- 
hegge-Conoghor, 8 q"——Ballwikearazhe, 4 q"—Graghewylle, 12 q”"—Ballinegar- 
rane, 4 g”—Pubhell Ms Hubert, 12 q™— Pubbill Moyntirffachie, 7 q"—— Eraghe 
M° Cowge, 17 g"—Ballingarry, 3 qg"™—The septe of Davie Roae his land, otherwise 
called Roae, 7 g"— Killearvanane, 2 qg™— The Beslane, 4 ad”, belonging ww her 
Mat’, as is said, in right of the nunry of Kilerenadie — the mannor of Loughreghe. 
12 q™ adjoininge to the house, und in the parke, 4 q"—Brownestoune, 1 g'—Lis- 
moyle, 2 q"—Rayradac, 2 q’—Carowemore, 1 q'—Cahairegealle, 1 q’—Bealane 
howly, 1 q’—and Downsander, 2 q?—Buallyheine, 2 g"—Cahairenemuck, 1 q’—all 
which in the whole within that barony cometh to 154 quarters. In the barony of 
Kiltarraghe there is a quantitye of land called Eraght Redmond, 27 q"—Ballylias- 
brayne, 4 q"— Ball yeahalayne, 24)" [ curious other quarters enumerated |, Rillowveraghe. 
otherwise called O' Heine's lands, 16 g''—all Keynnaley alias Sheaghnes countrie, 1¢t 
q™—also Termon Kill M' Kuogh, 6 q™—and several ag” belonging to the See of Kill- 
macoughe, &e., all which cometh to 185 quarters. In the barrony of Clare there is 
a quantity of land called the half cowrine [compomn, dicision, share], of Corrovfynne. 
18 qg'—the half cowryne of Bealanae, 18 g™ — the half cowrine of Aghrime 18 g"— 
Twoyeghellae, 17h qu— Leckaghebegge, 3 q™—Twoy-Castell-Crevie, 17 q” — the 
land of William M' Thomas his sept, 17 g"——Moynter M° Hue, 31 g"— The land of 
Shane bwyes sept of Castell Mo Hackett, 34 q™"—the Lanele’s lands, 14 q”"—the 
lands of Edimond M* Redmond’s sept, 14 q"—the lands of old Walter M' Redmonds 
sept, IO q™—the lands of William Granae M* Ramon’s sept, 14 q"— Killm’ reamon, 
12 q"—the Beahaghe, 4 q°—Rillnemannaghe, 2 q*’—Prowtestowne,2 q"—the mar 
nor of Clare, 14 q"-—Fairaghe, 4 q"—Derry M' laghnie, 4 q"™—the lands of Moyn- 
terheine of Balliheviyve, 4 q’—which in the whole cometh to 287 q"3 several of whieh 
q® belong to her Majestie. In the barony of Donkillane there is a quantity of land 
called Ayte Corewally, 18 q*—Aytevallyline, 14 q"—Ayte Ballym’ Crahie, 8 g"— 
Kenalyory, 18 q™—Rahin, 2 q"—Ardrahen, 1 q'— Raivane, 2 q"—Killile, 3 q"——-Re- 
hanlone, á q'—Srue, 2 q"—Sheanganoughe, 1 q'—Killeolyane, 7 q?—Kinvarae, 1 g'— 
Drommikowe of Oilineady, 3 q*— Donkelline, 3 qh —.Ayte AM: William Dwoyne, 18 
q°—Killogilline, 4 q!—Clonisky, § qg'—aAvte Sleicht M' Tibbot, to y"—-UOran begge, 
Liseineknave, 4 q’—Ronevile, 2 a“—Erieny, $4"—Cowlrae, 2 q”—Mearyemore, 3 g” 
—Mearyelugee, 2 q?— Ballinemannaghe, 1 y'—Derrydonill, a q™—Ayte-Clan-Moyler 
alias Crane more, 424 q?—Kildromderrigy, 13 q%—Roseame, 1 qe — Lidyegane, 
1 4'—Cloghearneshamone, a q’—Twelery. 1 qy'—Rackoskrae, 24 q"—Leavalirva, 
2 qh —Cahirmoyter, I J— Rearowe Sheoin, 1 q'—Yulaghe 4 «|"—Ballymarishall, 
1y’—whieh in the whele in that barony cometh to 176 quarters, In the barony of 


Athenry 


325 


Athenry there is a quantity of land called Eraght Dolphine, 27 q*—-Magheryfal- 
taghe otherwise called Magheryaltaghe, 24 q"—Carnan, 2 q™—which in the whole 
in that barony cometh to 53 quarters. In the barony of Leitrim there is a quantity 
of land called Twey Kynallyhine, and Ayt Clan-Shane, 12 q*—Ayte Clan-Edmond, 
12 q™—Ayte Clan-Davie, 9 q™—Crannagh M° Knavin, 4 q"—Leyhayt M° Edmond, 
6 q’—Dronkeary, 4 q"—Tullagh, 2 q*—Pobbell-ne-hally, 12 g"—the castell of 
Leotrime, 7 q™*—Cloncaslane, 2 q”—Clondagawe, 4 q™"—Killmuckray, 1 q'—Tin- 
naghe, 2 q™*—Annaghebrid, 1 q’—Balledowgane, 2 q"— Ballynekilly, 2 q™—Kill- 
cowly, 2 q"—Bealananen and Bealafenton, 4 q"—Ballynleylys, 1 q'—Dowry, 2 a" 
—Carrowcroyne, 1 q'—Carrawowny, I g'— Killineane, 2 q™ — Sheangorry-ne- 
Mylodaghe, 1 q’—Shanvoy, 4 q"—Ballenronan and Clonrashe, 2 q*™—which in the 
whole in that barony cometh to 103 quarters; and all which being drawn into one 
totall cometh to the aforesaid number of 958 quarters. 

é The said chieftains, lords, &c. do covenant to aunsweare and beare 40 good hable 
horsemen & 200 footmen, well armed with carriage and victualls, to all hostings, roods 
and journeyes within Connaught and Thomond; and 20 good hable horsemen and 50 
footemen well armed and furnished with arms, garrans, and victuals, to all generall 
hostings proclaymed in this realme. 

“It is agreed by the lord deputy, on behaulfe of the Queene, that the earl of 
Clanrickard shall have 34 q™ in the barony of Loughreagh free, as a demeane to his 
manor of Loughreagh. There belonge to the heires of Sir Dorby O Shaghnes, knight, 
101 q” in the barony of Kiltarraghe; and to Nehemias Ffolane 2 q™ adjoining to 
the Newtowne.—That the s* earl shall have 10° ster. out of every q’ of 64 q™ within 
that barony. In the barony of Clare there are 287 q™, whereof belong to the queen 
in right of Abbey-land 41 q™; and by the attainder of Tybbott Bourke 5 g"& 
there belong to the archbishop of Tweame, 21q™. That Rickard Bourke of Derryma- 
claghny shall have 22 q™, whereof he is now seized as of his inheritance. The manor 
of Clare are 7 q™ of land in the possession of Dominick Browne of Gallway, alderman, 
and James Darcy has 3 q” in the towns of Collene, Cloncrye and Carrow-I-Cullan. That 
the said earl shall have 14 q™ free in the lordship of Clare, as a demesne to his house 
of Corryfinne; and a rentcharge of 3" out of every other q’ of the residue. 

“é In the barony of Donkellyn there are four q” in Oranmore, in possession of 
Dominick Browne of Galway, merchant. William Martine of Galway gent. has 2 g" 
adjoyning to the town of Cahirforvace. That the said earl of Clanrickard shall] enjoy 
28 q™ free as a demeane to his castell of Kilcolgan; and have 13° 4“ out of every 
q’ of 33 q™ in the barony of Athenry. 

"“ That 


326 


é That the baron of Leitrim and his heirs shall have ro q™ free, and 13° 4° oute 
of every other q’ in the barony of Leitrim, the Queen’s and Churchlands excepted. 

“ That the archbishop of Tweame, and the bishop of Kill M*Keogh shal] have 
several q”™ all particularly named, free. 

“That Rickard Bourke shall have 8 q™ free, adjoyning his house of Derry 
M* laghnie and Ballinderry. 

That the heirs of Sir Dorby O’Shoghnes shall have 8 q™ free, adjoining the 
manor house of Gortynchygorye. 

“That William Martene, in consideration of his services diversly done tw the state, 
shall have a g” in Cahirforvase in the barony of Donkellyne, free. 

é That Nehemias Follainc, in respect of his travaile and pains taken for her 
Majesty, in the search of the quantity of land within the said Clanrickard, shall have 
2 4” in the Newtowne in the barony of Kiltaraghe, free. 

* That Dominick Browne, in respect of the like, shall have 2 q™ free adjoining to 
the castle of Lyedegane and Cuhirforvace, in the barony of Donkellyne, free. 

* That James Darcy, for the like consideration, shall have the three q” before 
named in the barony of Clare free. 

“ And for as much as divers of the meane freehoulders of the said territore of 
Clanrickard, and the tenants dwellinge upon their lands, are and shall be greatlie 
burdened by this composition, if the petty lords and captaines next above them be 
allowed to take such rentes & customarye dutyes, as they pretend to belong to them; 
fur remedy whereof it is condescended, concluded and agreed, that the above named 
Mc Kowehe, M* Hubert, M* Wilham roe, the Ffealtaghe Dolphinaghe, O’Heine, 
M' Redinond, M*Cremon, and all others of that sort uf petty lords or captaines, shall 
have, ll, Ise, and enjoy all their castles and lands, to descend from ech of them 
te there heirs hy course and order of the laws of England; and after the decease of 
ever af them, now livinge, the aforesaid rents, duties, and all exaccons shall, from 
theneetorth be útterlie determyned and extinguished tor ever. IN WITNESSE whereof 
the sand bid, chieftains, &e. have hereunto put their seales and subscribed their names 
the second day of September, Anno Domini, 1585. 

w CLANRICARDE.—S. CLONFERT.—THo. Deacex.—Wituiam Mosrax— 
Riceuakp Bourke.—llu. M° Swine.—Repyvoxp Do.cputnge.— Owgs 
mantacH O° HEINE.—NEHEMIAS FOLLANE.—TirgLaca O’Heicnn— 
Jaurs Dorcre” 


V. 


327 


Vv. 


“ Mac Davye’s Countreye.”’ 


“ THIS INDENTURE made betwixt the Right Honorable Sir John Perrotte Knt. 
lord Deputy, &*. of the one parte, and William Archbishop of Tweame—Sir Hubert 
Bourke M* Davie of Glenske, knight—Davie M* Edmond of Kilcroan, gen.— Thomas 
M*Henrie of Ballymo, gen.— Richard Betaghe of the Cregg, gen.—Hobbert bwy 
M* Edmond of the Moate, gen.—Shane M° Ullicke Bourke of Rahenille, otherwise 
called M* Walter, chiefe of his name—Shane M" Ullicke of Killmogher, gen.—and 
others the freeholders and inhabitants having lands or holdings within the barony of 
BELLAMOE, and M° DAVIE’S COUNTRY, by east the river of Succke in the 
countie of Roscommon, of the other parte". 

WYTNESSETHE, that whereas the said baronie of Bellamo, and the lands by 
east the river of Suck, conteyneth, as well by ancient division as by late Inquisition, 
212% q™ each containing 120 acres.—FIRSTE in the barronie of Bellamo there is a 
quantity of land called Loghlaunge, 8 q"—Clafaghne, 1 q’—Cloncae, 4 q’—Rosemo- 
lan, 1 q'—Ballyne, 24 q™; all which are belonging and adjoining to M* Davie’s howse 
or manor of Glinske—also Ballynekillie, 4 g', belonginge to the bishoprick of E]- 
phine—Cloncomyske, 4 q"—Tonreggie, 4 q"—Cornemucklaghe, Tossecreggan and 
Gyleaghe, 8 g”, whereof 4 a q’ lyeth by east the ryver of Succke,—Dengenterragh, 
4 q"—Dromenehea, 24} q"—Garrowghe, 4 q™, whereof 1 q’ lyeth on the east side 
of the Succke—Downoman, 4 q”, whereof 2 q™ lyeth on the same east side of the 

said 


® Two Indentures of Composition appear to have 
been entered into for Mac Davy’scountry. The se- 
cond Indenture is that given above. The first was 
entered into on 4th Sept., 1585, and in it the en- 
tire territory is stated to contain only 192 ga", viz. 
‘¢ There is in the said barrony of Bellamo a quantity 
of land called Tohe-Killebeggenet, 18 q'—Tohe- 
rioghe, 15 q™*—Fferrynlynode, 4 q™—Tohetogher, 
39 q™, viz. Sleight Shane garaf, and Sleight Ty- 
bete, 2 q'*—in the towne of Urriegher, 4 q™—Lis- 
drissaghan, 2 q™—Kearoweneny, 1 q'—Kearowe- 
roo, 1 q'—in Letully, 2 q*—in Tylbegge, 2 qhr— 
in Tome-Croymer, 2 q—in Kearowderry, 1 g'—in 
Derrymoy, 2 q™—in Bonedober, 2g''—in the 
Shrede, 1 a'—in Ardclone, 1 g'—in Curraghebay, 


4 q'—in Cortdrissy, 4 q'—in Liskea, 1 q'—in Kill- 
nelag, 1 q'—in Kearoweroney Mc. Rist, 1 q’—in 
Croghill, 1 g'—also in Glinske and Donemayne, 
8 q'*—also Tohe Mc Walter, 274 q"*—in Boker- 
ran and Lisborly, 2 q'*—which, in the whole, with- 
in that barony of Bellamo cometh to 118 q'*.—Also 
th re is a quantity of lande by easte the Sucke, in 
Magher Connaght, within the countie of Roscom- 
mon, belonging to Mc Davy, and his kinsmen, con- 
sistinge of 85 q‘*.” Sir Hubert Bourke Mc Davie, 
afterwards ‘‘came in,” and made discovery of the 
concealed lands, which occasioned the second inden- 
ture of composition given above; in which his ‘' in- 
dustrie and dilligente search” appear to have been 
amply rewarded. ' 


328 


said river—also Cornveagh-Shonen, 4 q’—Farrontynod, 5 g"— There are also in 
Toatogher within the said barrony, theis parcells of land following, viz. Killveg. 2 q"— 
Tomeghroyne, 2 q™—Lyederry, 2 q'—Derrymod, 2 q*—Mondobber, 2 q”—Car- 
rowderre, 1 q'—Carroweroe,, 1 q'—Ardclone, 4 q’ —Killylegge, 1 q’—Nyeny. 1 g'— 
Croehill, 1 q’—Carrowroe-ne-Dowclonaghe, 1 q'—Lyssedryssaghan, 2 q"—Dregher 
4 q"—Castelreoghe, 14 q"—Kylmore, 1 q’—Kylmoghure, 1 q’—Laghill and Cran- 
tage, I q'—Carrowreoghe. 1 q’—Rysseruse, 1 q'—Kilmore-dromly, 4 qr.—Curragh- 
netumyd, I q'—Calleriegh, 1 q’'—Carrownvallie, 1 q’—Clonaghgarrowe and Gortnowe, 
It q'—Gortnegier and Clondowill, 1 g': also in Toa M* Walter within the said barony. 
there are theis parcells of land following, viz. Attymeghan, 4 q"—Cladagh, 1 g'— 
Leavally, 14 q'—Moylisse, 14 q’'—Carroweroe and Downbreane, 14 q'—Kilberran, 
1 q'—Killevoher, 1 q'—Kinclaremore, 1 q'—Rissenuske, 1 g'—the Parck, 1 g'— 
Lynelaghe and Tweamarde, 1 4q'—Cappanaghe, 1 q'—Cloncon and Killteakle, 1 g'— 
allso Bullyneuleskaghe, 4 q"— Isxkerrigan and Tobberneclogge, 1 q'—Clonmore and 
Gurtyne, 1 q'—Clonmarkan and Lamnro, 4 q'—Lomanaghe and Clonagh, 1 g'— 
Loghiuelan and Trilie, 1 qg'—Bokerran and Lisburlie, 2 da”, belonging to the arch- 
bishoprick of Tweame—Killmurry, $ q’ belonging to the same, which in the whole 
within that barronie cometh to the number of 129 a". 

“ In M* Davie’s country, by east the river of Sucke, there is a quantity of land 
called Awflare, 4 q*—Farrer, 4 q’—Skehenegan, 4 q"—Kiltultoge. 4 q"—Ballyaa- 
kerell, 4 q"—Ardlaghen, 4 q"—Rackinylie, 2 q"—Carrowedutfe, 1 4y'—Lysselan- 
sheghane, I q-—Ballynowe, 4 q"—Crive, 3 a"— Runebackan, 1 q'— Rameue. 4 g”— 
Curresdowne, 2 q"—Killenredd, 2 q"—Carvally, 4 q"— Akagher, 4 g”— Dundermod, 
4 y'—Clongalgan, 4 q"—Balleferran, 4 q"—Ballevergan, 4 q™—Ballegoll, 4 qr— 
Ballvturle, 2 q"™—Yimlaghvegge, 1 q'—Imlaghnegrie, 1 q'—Woram alias Warham, 
44”. belonging to the archbishop of Tweame—Clenycormocan, 4 4", whereof ag" 
belongeth to her Majesty in right of the abbey of Roscommon—Ymlaghmore, 2 a" 
belonging to her Majesty in right of said abbey— Runemoute. 1 q'— Dromtample, 
1 q’—Leamore, 4.q™ And so the whole, within that part of M' Davie’s country by 
east the river Suck in the countrey of Roscommon, cometh to the nomber of 883 ga". 

* The said lords, chieftaines, gentlemen, frecholders, and the rest of the inhabé- 
tants, as well of the said barony of Ballamoe as MM Davie’s countrey, by east the river 
of Suck aforesaid, acknowledginge the manifold benefits and easements they finde, & 
doe covenant to aunswere & beare, yearlie for ever, 3 good hable horsemen and 8 foot- 
men well armed to all hostings, ros and jurneyes within Connaught and Thomond; 
and 2 good hable horsemen and 4 footmen well armed to all generall hostings pro- 
claymed in this realime. 


& It 


329 


“It is agreed by the lord deputy, on behalfe of the Queen, that the said Sir 
Hubert Burke M* Davy, knt. for the better supportacon and maintenance of the dig- 
nity of knighthood, whereunto it hath pleased her Majesty to call him, and in respect 
that by his industrie and dilligente search, there are a great number of quarters of 
land found out by presentment, which was like to be concealed; shall have, hold, 
possess, and enjoy to him and his heirs, not only such castles and lands as he doth now 
possess by the name and callinge of Mac Davye, but also such as he is now justlie 
seized of as of his proper inheritance, which are said to be in the whole the number 
of 104 q™, whereof he shall hold 244 q™ as a demayne next adjoining to his castles of 
Glinske and Downamore, and to such other of his howses as he shall make choice of, 
free; and that he shall hold by knight’s service, viz. by one knights fee, as of the 
manor or house of Athlone; and shall have chief rents out of the said other q™ in 
full recompence of all duties, exactions and customary spendings, by him claymed 
upon the freeholders of the same. 

“That Shane M* Ullicke Bourke, otherwise called Mac Walter, shall have 5 g” 
free, as a demayne next adjoyninge his howse or castle of Renaltaghe, in the baronie 
of Bellamoe. 

“That Shane M* Ullicke of Kymogher shall have 2 q™ free, as a demayne of Kyl- 
nevogher. 

“ That Hobert M* Edmond shall have 1 q’ free, next adjoininge his house of 
Gortnedie in said barony. 

“ That Richard Betaghe, in respecte of the good service he hath done to Her 
Majesty in tyme past, and intendeth to do in tyme to come, shall have 2 q™ free, as a 
demayne next adjoyninge to his house or towne of the Cregg. 

é“ That Davie M* Edmond shall have 2 q™ free, as a demayne next adjoyninge his 
house of Kylcroan, and Lyssedrisseghan. 

‘That Thomas M‘ Henry shall have 3 4” free, next adjoyninge his castell of 
Bellamoe. IN WYTNESSE whereof, the said lordes, chieftaines, &c., have hereunto 
put their seales, and subscribed their names, at Galway the 3™ day of Feb’ 1585. 

“Siz Hopart Bourx’s marke. 
“ Davy M° EpMonDr’s marke. 
“SHANE M° ULtIcx’s marke. 
“ M° WALTER’s marke. 
. VL 
“ Brymegham’s Country, or Barony of Donemore. 

“THIS INDENTURE made betwixt the Right Honorable Sir John Perrotte 
Knight, lord deputie generall of Irelande, for and on behalfe of the Queene’s most 

IRISH ARCH. SOC. I5. 2U excellent 


i. 


339 


-. “22 "te partie, and Ullick earle of Clanrickard—William arrh- 

“sy ase —_-famend Brymidgham lord barron of Athenrie—Tibbott bay 
2 wrk eet. gem—Donyll O’Higgin of Killclona, gen.—James due 

P.srtemsm, gvu.—Rebert Fowlle of Feartemore, gen.— Walter Bry- 


“A ruin, gem. and others the freeholders and inhabitants, having lands 


- 


vs, my or DOWNMORE, within the county of Galway. of the 


“NUP SSP TEE, chat whereas the said baronie of Donmore, as well by an. 


es) ATS i pnisition, contains 183 q", each q' containing 120 acres. viz. 

Jose caanitity of land called the third of Walter Brymigham’s cept, > 
swirl Calo te the bishaprick of Clonmacknoyse 4 q", to the arch- 
yee VM re dean and parish of Tweame s ga”, and to her Majesty. 
oa se Nírenade as is said, 11 q™—also Tohe-Tirlagh-vaughas. 
ceaots Her Majesty, in right of the Trynitye abbey of Tweame 
7 oogetatwe te Eee Majesty in right of the abbey of S' John of Tweame. 
Togs Dewees Sa q73 all which, in the whole barony of Donamore 


wether of 183 quarters. 

sxc Domino. dae covenant to aunswere & beare 2 good hable here 
casihch As acmed, with carriage and victualls, to all hostings, roods and 
stand Thomond; and 1 good hable horseman and a fvot- 


cosúil hostings proclaymed in this realme. 


H i Bád 
eas Gas Cre Tord baron of Athenry shall have 39 4” free, u» a demayne 
. vets ef Downmore and Turlaghvachan, and a yearlie rent-chardge 


Sve car oor the residue of all said gq”. 
/ Ctanmekard shall have the abbey of Kileraneda, and 8 qr 


eater oof’ Feartylore I< said to consist) of 34 q”. that Rob' 

eee aw. the said manor and 6 q™ free, 
-\.oowy M dohnyne shall have the castell of Toberkeoghe, and $9 
va. And that they shall all hold of the Queen, as of her castell or 
coe within the aforesatd county of Galway. IN WYTNESSE 
tonics and wentlemen have hereunto put their seales, und sub- 


"ne .t. 


ca as Galway the fourth day of September, Anmto Domini 1gNs5. 


NS AA - 


“W. Tram.—CbLanryYKARD. 
" E. ATHENRY.—Tinpott por. his marke. 
* ROBERT FOWLE.” 


VIL 


331 


VI. 
“ Countie of Mayve.” 

“THIS INDENTURE made betwixte the Right Honorable Sir John Perrot knight, 
lord deputie generall of Irelande, for and on the behalfe of the Queenes most excellent 
Mat* of the one partye, and the reverend fathers in God, William archbyshop of Tweame 
—Owen ellecte byshopp of Killalae—Sir Richard Bourke of the Newton knight, other- 
wise called M° William Eyghter— Walter Kettagh of Bealeck, gen.— William Bourke 
of Ardnery, gen.—Edmond Bourk M" Oliver of Ropa, gen.—Richard Barrett of Ross, 
otherwise called M“ Padin, chief of his name—Pierce Barrett of Ballasseekery, gen.— 
Myly M° Evily of Kinturk, otherwise called M* Evily, chiefe of his name—Edmond 
Bourke of Castlebar, tanest to the said M* William Eyghter—William Bourke of Bal- 
lenecarrae, otherwyse called the blinde abbote—Moyller Bourke of Castle M“ Kerra, 
gen. —Tybbott Reoghe Bourke of Boherfayne, gen.—Edmund Evagher M‘ Jordan of 
Bellalahen, otherwise called M" Jordan—Moyler M“ Jurdan of the Newcastell, gen.— 
Walter Leaghe M‘Stevane of Corran M‘ Stephane, gen.—Jordan M*° Thomas of Bal- 
lahaghe, gen.—Richard M* Moryse of the Bryse, otherwise called M* Moryshe chiefe 
of his name—Davy M° Moryshe of Castell M° Geralte, gen.— Walter M° Erydry of 
castell-Reoghe, gen.—William Bourke of Shrowell, gen.—Edmond Bourke of Conge, 
gen.—Riccard oge Bourke of Cloynecashell, gen.—Molaghlyne O’Mayle of Belclare. 
otherwise called O’Mayle chiefe of his name—Teige roe O’Mayle of Cahairenemart, 
gen.—Ouan O’Mayle of the same, gen.—Dermot M" Arte of Clare, gen.—Gilleduffe 
M* Gibbon of Ballynekillye, gen.—Ricard oge M* Gibbon of Glankyne, gen.—Sher- 
rone M* Gibbon of Lackane, gen.—Nicholas fitz-Symons of Dunmacknynye, gen.— 
Walter M° Phillipyne of Brehe, otherwise called M* Phillypyne chiefe of his name— 
Ferraghe M* Tirrlage roe of Carrickmadye, gen.—Edmond oge M" Gibbon of Derry- 
macgornan— William Bourke of Torrane, gen.—Riccard oge M° Tomyne of Ballicroen, 
gen.—Edmond Barret of Dowlaghe, gen.—John Browne of the Neyle, gen.—Richard 
Barret of Kyrenan, gen.—and John Caree of Downmacknyny, gen. of the other partie. 

“ WYTNESSETH, that wheare the whole country or terrytory of MAYOE ys 
devyded into nyne principall barronies, that ys to wytte, the barrony of Crosbohine alias 
Clanimorys, the barronies of Kilmean, Muryske, Burreshowle, Envyremore alias Irrish, 
Moyne alias Tyrrawly, Burreskerra alias Kerra, Bellalahen alias Gallene, & Clane- 
Costellae ; which (omyttinge Clan-Costelloe) contain, as well by suncient devy- 
syon as by late inquisition, 14484 4”, each q' containing 120 acres.\—FIRSTE, in the 

barronie 

a The “ Boundaries of Mayo” have been found as —Conge, the 22nd August 1607, before Sir Anthony 

follows, by an Inquisition taken at the abbye of St. Leger, Master of the Rolls, &c. ‘* The countie 
2U2 


332 


barronie of Crosbohine alias Clanmorys, there is a quantity of land called the Brey. 
consisting of 7 q"—alsve Derowle, 14 q”—the Morning, 12 q"—Ballycowle & Castle- 
gare, g q?*—Caslane Enlagh-Kurowe, 13 q"—Ballekenknavy, 12 q"—Castellkevle, 3 
q?>—Castell M° Gerralt, 4 g'—Down mf nynye and Castellreaghe, 22 q"—Cuarrtege. 


of Mayo consisteth of ten baronies, viz. Kill- 
mean, Rosse, Murske, Boresowle, Irrus, Tyrawly, 
Galleng, Costello, Clanmorrice, and Kerra.—- That 
the same county is bowaded with the county of Gal- 
Firste the 
barony of Kilmean doth bound with the lont Bir- 


waye on the sowthe and sowthe west. 


mingham countrve at Athsolluy in the east of 
Ballycheraghe, from thence to the forde of Ardower, 
and from thenee the bog called Claysschrydd. to the 
river of Shrower, and from thence to Cloghane Cor- 
rig, in the east of Kynlagh. from thence to the 
ford of Athleaagh, and from thence the river of 
Movne to Loghcorbe, which logh doth) bounde the 
said county to the river of Fallmer : and from thence 
to the imountayne of Mamenne, and thence the 
great mountayne to the river of Loghtafaghan, 
which river doth extend to the sea called Kellayle, 
and from thence to the roche called Carrigeolna on 
the sowthe side of the lack roeke called [nish be 
fine: and so the mayne veean sea on the west, north- 
weast. and north, boundinge thence the baronies of 
Murske, Borresowle, Irras, and Tyrawly, to) the 
river of Move, and from that river to the river of 
Bonryowe right a,aynste Bellecke, which river is 
ou the northe of Arduerie, and from that river to the 
hoge af Lahavh in Tyewe on the sowth of Bally- 
cotle, and from thence, the west and) of) the meun- 
tavne of Lynedane, te Mullycowes in Belelare in 
O Hira reogh’s countrie. in the comnty af Shige: from 
thence to Bedlahy tnearing between the counties of 
Mayo and Sligo. from thence to Sraw wu-even lode, 
in the north side oof Ballinilen., and: from: thenee té 
Bellancfohy on the north side of Killeolman in Cos- 
talie, from thepee ta Clownazenain neer Bungare 
in the county of Rosscommen: from thence to Bella- 
menda on the caste of the monastery of Urlare in 


Costello, from thence ty Curragh M® Bucanta vier 


+1 
Castenergh in the county uf Rusxscommon, fre 
thence to the Legan, Killtullagh in Silleruwa in the 
county of Roscommon aforesaid, from thence w thy 
forde of Cowlcnedreny in Sillerown, in the county of 
Roscommon aforesaid, from thence to the pes uf 
Bellayh-ne-leeklen in Ermylton in the lord Berminz 
ham his country, from thence to the fonde cf Atbr 
sullus, where the aforesaid mearing dyd hegewna. 

** Thes are the uttermost boundes of the counts uí 
Mayo on all sides. And whatsoever is contes Bré 
within the aforesaid boundes of the county of Mayu, 
wee finde that the barruny of Rilmayne oonteypeth 
365 q', whereof are of the chankgeable ag" inhabited 
R14 the rest free and waste. The banay 4 
Rosse consistethe of 100 qr, but how it is inhatáttd 
The barony of Burres-owle consisteth 
of 131 an, whereof 32 are inhabitted cf the chardge 
The harry f 
Murske consisteth of 0) gq", whereof 46 are mha 
hitted, the rest waste. The barony of Irisee conteva- 
eth 40 ars, whereof of the chargeable inhabitted 4, 
the rest free and waste. The barony of (jallen cua- 
teyneth 183 q"*) whereof are of the chanigable in- 


we know not. 


able land, the rest free and waste. 


habitted 104°, the rest free and waste. The baroay 
of Tverauly copsisteth af 253 qn wherwí are inha- 
bittal 2g’) the rest free and waste. [he barunr 


af Clanmorishe consisteth af 2400 ir, whereuf are 
Inhabitted of the chanlgeable lands n2 ús, the ree 
freeand waste. | By an Inquisition presente] unto us. 
ther: are of quarters in the barony of Castelo 63 
q's vet wee fvnde that it is commonly beald t cm 
tevne NÓ) ans, wherenf of the chardsable gh" am 
inhabitted 47, the rest waste. “The ban-ny of Kes 
consisteth of 282". whereof are inhabiteed of the 
chargeable lands Óir, the rest free and waste — 
Orig. Ingus. Kells Off. Dublin, 





333 


4 q"—Keankylly, 14 g”—Aheana, 6 q"—Clogher, 2 q*"—Barreila, 4 q"—Knockan- 
coyle, 1 q’—Ballenstrangforde, 3 q*—Balle m‘adame, 4 g”—the cepte of Rickard 
fynn, 8 q"—the cept of Moyntercullenan, 4 q"—Clonbane, 4 q"—Bally m* Rickarde, 
2 q”—Kilenhene, a q*—Rouske, 2 q”—Cowleroe, 2 g"—Clondyver, 1 q'—Carrolagh- 
emore, 1 q'—Ballechrunan, 4 q"—Termon, 24 4”, belonging to the archbishopricke of 
Tweame—alsoe the abbey of Ballynsmalle, 1 q', belonging to her Majesty—Kullvon- 
dane, 2 4”, belonging to the Queen in right of the abbay of Mayoe—Crosbohine, 
1 q’'—Kylcowle, 4 4”, belonging to her Mat? in right of the abbey of Mayoe—Kep- 
paghe and Derradac, 2 q"—Knockdorchy and Ballynester, 1 4”, belonging to her Mat’ 
in right of the abbey of Mayo—Glaneghelrine and Skrykene, 1 q'—Lyannaghe and 
Purte, 1 q'—Ballyhumillane and Singanaghe, 1 q’—Ballymalavalle and Ballymago- 
rane, I q'—and Ballyclanristarde, 1 q', in all 200 g”. In the barronie of Kilmeane 
there is a quantity of land called Connyckenecowlye, 128 q™, whereof belongeth to 
William Bourke M*‘Shane and his frecholders, 80 g”, and to Edmond Bourke 
M*° Thomas Evagherye and his followers, 48 q”—alsoe Moynter-Creaghane, 22 g”— 
Eyghterhyre, 80 q"™—Loughmaske, 12 q*—Ballynrobae, 4 q"—Ballynclontye, 4 q’— 
Kenlaghe, 10 q"—also belonging to the archbishopricke of Tweame, 22 g"—to the 
Queen in right of the abbey of Conge, 16 q"—also 1 q’ in right of the abbey of Ballyn- 
robae—also Moyne, 2 q"—Lackfynne, 2 q"—also 2 q™ belonging to her Mat? in right 
of the nunrye of Innyshmeane and Ballyncaloe—also Dowrishe, 2 q”. The whole in 
that barony cometh to 321 q™. In the barronie of Muryske, in the Owles, there is a 
quantity of land called Lorge owle O’Mayle, 36 q"—Ilane-ne Moghea, 36 q"—also 
belonging to the archbishoprick of Tweame, 7 q"—and 1 q’ belonging to her Ma” in 
right of the abbey of Muryske, in all 80 q™. In the barronie of Burreshowle there is 
a quantity of land called the sept of Clanphillypins, consisting of 24 q”’—the cepte of 
M‘Tybbot 16 q"—Termonaghegowre 24 4”, belonging to the archbishoppe of 
Tweame—4 q™ belonging to her Ma" in right of the abbey of Ballyntober—alsoe these 
parcells of land followinge, belonging as is said to the erle of Ormonde, viz. Ackeall, 
4 q"—Tyrenare and Boireshowle, 12 q"—Balleveaghan, 6 q”, whereof 2 q™ belong to 
the archbishoprick of Tweame—also Baleagowre, 4 q"—Kennarde, 4 q"—Lecarrobo- 
her, 4 q™—Clogher, 4 q"—Ballyhallynan, 4 g”— Roslea and Rosnebrare, 6 q”, belong- 
ing to the archbishoprick of Tweame—also Money, 2 q"—Ferrentyre, 2 q™—Kellma- 
glasse, 2 q”, belonging to the archbishoprick of Tweame—also Cagall, 2 q*—which in 
the whole cometh to 124 q™ within that barronie.—In the barronie of Enviremore 
alias Irrysh, there is a quantity of land called the Carne, 4 q"—Eyre-Irryshe, 4 q"— 
Leame, 4 q"—Toeskerte, 2 q’—Ymlevegger, 2 q*—Ballecroye, 4 q™, belonging as is 
said to the earle of Ormonde—also Glankoa-lehinskey, 4 q"—Dowghekeaghane, 4 

a“— 


334 


q”’—Carrownenowghyne, 2 q’?’—Ballymonyll. 1 q'—Glanmoy and Dawnecartane. 1 
q'—Innvre and great Innyskey, 2 q"—Letereghe, 1 q'— Kilteyny, 1 q', belonging to 
her Ma” in right of the abby of Ballintober—the Crosse, 3 4", belonging to her Ma? 
in right of the abbey of Crosse—Termon-killmore, 2 q”, belonging to same, whereof 
1 ag” belongs to the Bishopricke of Killalae —Termon-kerraghe, 1 q'—Kilcomane. } 4a'. 
belonging to same—Ballecroye, 1 g'. belonging to same—the whole in that barronie 
43141”. In the barony of Moyne alias Tyrawly, there is a quantity of land called the 
cowrine of Ballynewe, alias the Newtowne, 40 q"—cowryne ne Roppee, 23 y"— 
cowryne Bealicke, 48 q"—Barred’s cowryne, IR g'— Toe Castellreoghe. 16 q"— The 
Laggan and the Clandonyles, 36 q’— Toe Keherrenan, 18 q"—Tow Boawynyne and 
Glanhosty, 27 q’—Ardenery, 48”, whereof 2 q™ belong to the bishoprick of Kil- 
lalae—In the said barony belong to the birhopricke of Killalae 39 q"*—also the 
Grange of the Newtown, 4 q", belonying to her Ma? in right of the abbey of Knock- 
moy—also belonging as is suid to the dean and chaunter of Killalae, 2 qg”—also be- 
longing to the Queen in right of the abbey of Ravrana, 2 q"—which in the whole 
within that barony cometh to 287 q™. In the barronic of Burreskarre alias Kerrae, 
there is a oq’ of land called cowryne Downmonye, 21 qg"—cowryne Ballincarra, 22 
q?—cowryne Moyonylie, 20 g’—cowryne Kentorke, 25 q"—cowryne Ffartry and 
Castellkerrane, 22 q°—the half cowryne of Clonyne, ro$ q”—the half cowryne of 
Lortane, 104 g"—Sleight Ulicke Bourke, and Sleight Davy duff Bourke, consisting 
of 21 q?-—the cowrvne af Torlazhe, 2! qr —the cowryue af Custell-Barrye, 21 g“— 
Slewoney, 24 q°— Drom and Ballyvorny, 8 q"—Ballintobber, 8 a", belonging to the 
Queen in right of the abbey of Ballyntobber—Levally ne tavese, 8 q"—Clondowane, 
2 q?—Kearoweenny, 4 q'-- Ballyovey. $47. belonging to the archbishoprick of 
Tweame. which in the whole in that barrome cometh to 253 q™ In the barronie of 
Bellalahin alias Gallen, there is a quarter of land called Clane-Stephen, 16 q"—Clan- 
manny. 16 q?—Tow Boycelloe, 16 q"’—Toe Neweastell, 16 q"—Cawlekearoye and 
Tow Bellathaghe, 64 q"—Reanwite and Killedane. 6 a”, belonging to the bishoprick 
of Achonry—also Bellalahen, 16 g'—als belonging to the Queen in right of the 
abbey of Strade, 4. gi — Which in the whole of that barronie cometh to 180 q™ All 
which, being drawn into one totall, cometh to the aforesaid nomber of 1.448% au“; 
whereof belong to the Queen 58 q", to the lords spiritual 1514 q", and to the earl 
of Ormond go 4". 

The said Jords chieftains & acknowledging the manifold benefits and easements 
they find in possessing of their lands and goods, since the peaceable govermnent of the 
said lord Depatie, and the just dealings ot Sir Richard Binghame, Rnt. do graunt to 


the Queenes most excellent: Majesty her heires und successors for ever, one yearlie 


rent-chardge 





335 


rent-chardge of tenn shillings good and lawful current money of England, goinge out 
of everie quarter, which in the whole amounteth yearly to the some of £600 ster. 
and for lacke of money, the thresurer or gencrall receiver to receive kyne to the 
value of the said rent: and further, they doe covenaunt to aunswere and beare yearlie 
for ever, to all hostings, roods and journies within the said province of Connaught and 
Thomond, 40 good hable horsemen and 200 footemen well armed, and furnished with 
arms, garrans and victuals; and Is good hable horsemen and so footmen to all gene- 
ral hostings proclaymed in this realme. 

The s* lo. Deputie for and in the behalfe of the Queens Majestie, and also the 
aforesaid lordes, chieftaynes, &* doe covenant, promise, grant and agree, that the 
said Sir Richard Bourke, otherwise called Mac William Eughter, in respecte of the 
auncientie of his name, and for the better supportacon and mayntenaunce of the de- 
gree of knight-hood whereunto it hath pleased the Queens mo. excellent Majestie to 
call him, shall have by letters pattents, to him his heirs and assigns, the castells or 
mannors of Ballyloughmaske, Kinlaghe and Ballynrobae, and 34 q™ of land belonging 
to same—alsoc a yearlie rent-chardge of 3" 4” out of every q’ of 66 townes in said 
barony of Kilmean, of the freeholder’s lands, viz. the Bourkes, Jonynes, Clanmoylers, 
and Sleight vick Tybbott, in recompence for all rents, beoves, spendings and cus- 
tomary exaccons, who all shall hold of him by knight’s service—alsoe 3” 4” out of 
every q’ of 26 towns in the barony of Kerrae, viz. the lands of the Bourkes in Tor- 
troyme, Klyncowane and M* Ivyles—also 8" 4* out of every q’ of 10 townes in 
Burresowle, viz. the lands of Sleught Walter bouy, Sleight M* Kaage boy, the Clan- 
donyles and the Bourkes—also 27* 6“ upon 6 q™ of M° Phillipine and his kinsmens 
lands—also 15° ster. divided upon 3 q™ of s* M°* Phillipines lands in Dromrany—also 
5" out of every q’ of 160 q™ of freeholders lands in the barrony of Moyne, viz. the Bar- 
retts, Bourkes, Lynots, Clanpaidyne, Cusaks, Carowes and Clandonyl!ls— also the castle 
of Newtowne in the barronie of Moyn, and 10 q™ about the same free. And that he 
and his heirs shall hold the same of the Queene, by the 20" part of a knights fee, as 
of her manor or howse of Strade in the said county; and one fayre chiefe horse, yearlye 
to be presented in her Ma'" name to the lord Deputie, with these words engraven 
with gold ‘‘ unde veni redeo.” 

That the archbishop of Tweame shall have such mansion places as he possesseth 
in the townes of Mayo, Conge, and Aghagower, with 12 q™ in the barony of Kilmean 
and Clanmores, free. 

That Thomas earl of Ormond and Ossory, said to be seised of 40 q™ belonging to 
the manor of Boresowle, shall have the same free. 

That 





336 


That Ulicke earl of Clanrickard shall have the castle and towne of Moyne in the 
harrony of Kilmeane, and 6 q™ free, whereof 2 q™ lyeth in Ballymartyne. 

That Owen clecte byshop of Killalae shall have the towne of Killalae in the bar- 
rony of Moyne, and 6 a" free. 

That Edmond Bourke of Castlebarr shall have the towne and castell of Castellbarr 
in the barreny of Borreskarrac, and 10 q™ free; and also 22 q” subject to this compe 
sition, whereof he and his kinsmen are now said to be seized in the said barrony. 

That William Bourke of Srowle, shall have the towne and castle of Cloghan in the 
barony of Kilmean, and 8 g"' free; and also other 18 q™ in the said barony, where 
he is said to be seized as of his inheritance, subject to this composition. 

That William Bourke the blind abbott, shall have the castle of Ballynakearre in 
the barony of Burriscarra, and 8 q™, free. 

That Edmond Bourke of Roppogh shall have the castle and towne of Roppaghe in 
the barony of Moyne, und 4 q", free. 

That Davyd Bourke of Castle-reoghe in the barony of Moyne shall have the castle 
af Carragenoisse and 6 y™ tree, and the moiety of Castlereoghe and 6 a" subject te 
thas composition, lying in Castlerecoghe, Corane and Carrowyarrafe. 

That Walter kittaghe Bourke shall have the castles of Beallycke and Crossmalvene 
in the barony of Moyne, and & a" free; and also other 12 q™ subject to this composi- 
tion, whereof he is said to be now seized as of his inheritance. 

That William Bourke of Ardnery shall have the castle and towne of Ardnery and 
I il trees and also Castleleeeane & 4 qr free; and other 6 q” subject to composition 
in Watlveashell and Ballaghe-adallae, in the said barony. 

Vhat Edmund Bourke of Conzae, who is said to be seized of ao q” us his inheritance 
nv the barony of Rilmaine, shall have 6 a" adjoining to his castles of Aquirke and 
Ballyeurry ne, free. 

Phat Ra hard oye Bourke of Cloynagashell, who is said to be seized of 20 a” as his 
mheritance, in the barony of Kilmeane, shall have & ag adjoyninge his said house of 
Closnaenhéell, free, 

What Mace Mars, otherwise surnamed Fitzgerrald or Prendergaste. chicte lord of 
the satd harreny of Crossbohine, for the better mayntenance of his living, shall have 
the castle ot dana of the Barrye and 4 dg" free; and 4 q™ in the Tarmon whereof he 
boon te be now seized as in right of the name and lordshippe of M' Moryshe, free: 
wid alee the castle or manor of Mornyne, and g ag", subject, whereof he is said to be 
now cet ed as of has owne and his kinsmen’s inheritance: and also a rent-charge of 
steal outotevers other din that barrony, amounting in the year to £35 15°. 


That 


337 


That Edmond Vaghery otherwise called Jordan De Exeter, chief lord of the bar- 
rony of Bellalaghen otherwise Gallen, shall have the castle of Bellalahane and 8 q”, 
whereof he is now seized in right of the name of M" Jordane, free; together with other 
10 q™ in Tohe Bellahaghe and Cowlekearine, and shall have 5° out of every q‘ of 118 
4”, in full recompence of all rents, dutyes, & exaccons. 

That John Brown of the Neile in the barony of Kilmeane, who is said to be seized 
off ]q” in his inherytance in sundry baronies within said county, shall have 12 
q™, free. 

That Nicholas Fitzsymons of Downmacknynye in barrony of Clanmoryshe, who is 
said to be nowe seized of 22 q™ in the said barony as his inheritance, shall have 8 q™ 
adjoininge to his said castles of Downmacknynye and Castellreoghe, free, whereof 2 
q™ lyeth in the town or village of Ballycullane. 

That Peires Barrett of Ballyasykeary, shall have the said castle and towne of 
Ballyasykeary in Moyne barrony, & 4 4”, free. 

That Moyler and Tybbot Reoghe Bourke, sonnes to Walter Foda Bourke, shall 
have 5 q™ each, to be joyned to such of their castells as they shall make choyce of, 
free. 

That Shane M*Hubberte of Downenemony, otherwise called the Parsone of 
Downemony, with respect that the town and land is greatly incumbered in holding 
of the Cessyons there, shall have 4 q™ adjoining thereto in the barony of Burreskarra, 
free. 

That Farragh M* Donill of the Clonyne, in respect of his good service done on 
her Ma‘* side at the meeting of Srowle, shall have 4 q™ adjoining to said castle, or to 
anyother of his houses in the said barrony of Burriskarra, free. 

That Richard Barrett of Kyherrenan, in consideracon of his service done at the 
said meeting of Srowle, shall have a 4” adjoininge, in the said barrony of Moyne, 
free. 

That Thomas Nollane of the Crevaghe in the barrony of Kilmeane, in respecte 
of his sufficiencie to serve as a clerke in the said countrey, shall have the castle of 
Crevaghe and 3 ga”, free. 

That Moyler Bourke fitz-Thomas of Clowneduffe in the barrony of Kerrowe, shall 
have 2 q™ in said towne, free. 

That Jordan fitz-Thomas of Bellahaghe in the barrony of Bellalahin, shall have 
4 4”, free. 

And for as much as divers of the meane freehoulders of the sayd county of Mayoe, 
and the tenaunts dwelling upon their lands, are and shall be greatlie burdened by 
this composition, if the petty lords and the Captaines next above them, be allowed 

IRISH ARCH. 80C. I5. 2X to 


338 


to take such rents and customarye dutyes as they pretend to belong to the sayd petty 
captainshippes, which had their beginning but by compulsary means, agreeable te 
the disorder of the time: for remedy whereof it is condescended, concluded and 
agreed, that the above named M‘ Evilie, M* Paddyne, M* Phillippyne, O’Maile, and all 
others of that sort and calling, and every of them, shall have, hold, possess and enjoy. 
to them their hetrs and assigns, not only such castles and lands as belongeth to the 
name and callinge of M* Evilie, M* Paddyne, M" Phillippyne and O’Mayle, but als 
such castells and lands as they or any of them be now justlye seized of as their inheri- 
tance, the same to descend from ech of them to their heires by course and order of 
the laws of England; and in respect of confirming unto them the same, that after the 
decease of everie of the said petty lords or captaines, nowe livinge, the aforesaid rents 
and duties shall, from thenceforth, be utterlie determyned and extinguished for ever. 

Provyded, also, where there appeareth certain emulacon or envy betwixt the above 
named M° William Eyghter and his kinsmen, whereof there are some compettytours, 
that by reason of their byrth, being descended of M* Williams of greater fame and 
reputacon than the said Sir Richard Bourke, thinke themselves more worthy of the 
English suecessyone now devysed by this composicon; and others, standinge upon 
their expectancye of succeedinge his place, wisheth the continuance of that customary 
name, that it shall rest in the consyderacon of the lord deputie for the tyme beinge, 
howe and in what sorte the above named castles, manors, lands, rents and _sinorys, 
belonging to the name of M° William, shall be disposed or lymited to the said M* Wil- 
liam and his said kynsmen. IN WITNESSE whereof the aforesaid lords, chieftaines 
and others have hereunto put their seales, and subscribed ther names the 13" day of 
September, Anno Domini 1585. 

Provyded always that all such lands as John Browne aforesaid hath, of his proper 
inheritance, within the barronies of Gallen and Clanmorysh, being 30 q™ and 3 
carrows, shall be discharged from all rents, services and demands of M° Moryse or 
M* Jordan, other than a yearly rentehardge of 12" out of every quarter. 

“OW. 'IPwEAM.— OwIN ELECTE, KILLALA——RICHAaRD BocrKE.—WaLrer 
Kittacue. —W" BocrKe.— M EvVILLE.-——EDMONDBOUREE AU OLivgas 
murke.—PEETER BARRETT M° Pappine.— WILLIAM Bourke alias the 
Buinpb = ABBOTT.—M‘* JoRpAN’s  marke.—WaAaALTER LEAGHE Mac 
STEPHEN.—RicKaRD OGE BouRKE.—WALTER Mac Ercpprry.— 
M* Morrysue.—Davip MN ORRYSHE.—ÁV ILLIAM Bourke of Srowle — 
JoRDANE ÓM THomas.—EpMosp BarreETTt.—OnE O'MAYLE— 
OoMayre.—Nicuotas Fitz-Simons.—Rickarp AÍ Gipson.—-Tsgie 
Ror O'Mayie.—Ricnarp OGE M°JoNYNE.—SHANE AÍ Ginporn— 
RicHaRD BsRRETT.— WILLIAM GARVEY of the Leyhing.” 


“ Bellahawnes 





339 


“ Bellahawnes Baronye, commonly called Mac Costilo his Country. 


“ WHEARE the province of Connaughte and Thomonde, through the continual] 
dissention of the lords and chieftaines within the same, eche whereof challenging to 
themselves auctorities, cuttings and cesings, uncertain, unlawful and unprofitable, 
under pretence of defending of the people under their several rules, have run into all 
errors of forgetting of their duties to her Majestie—and contemning the ways of justice: 
We the lord Deputie directed a commission to Sir R. Bingham & others dated the 
1gth July in the 27™ year of her Majesties reign, who accordingly executed the same. 
But we found that the barony of Bellahawnesse in the co. of Mayo, commonly called 
Mac Costilo his country, was omytted, for that the commissioners could not, as they 
alleged, conveniently take view thereof, through the hard passage and travel thither, 
by means of the great bogges, woodes, mores and mountaines, and other evill waies in 
and to the said baronie, so as no composition was taken thereof. Albeit Sir Theobald 
Dillon, who inhabiteth the said lande by himselfe and his tenants, made suite unto the 
said commissioners to take view thereof, to thend that he and the contre there, might 
compound and yeilde a yearly compensation unto her Majestie, both for the better 
reducinge of the people there to sevilitie, and that they might yeilde obedience, and 
knowe their dutie unto her Highnes, which before were vere uncivell and barbarous, 
and the countrye there a verie resceptacle of Scotts, and a harbour of other lowse and 
evill people, through the strenghth and fastnesse thereof: wherefore he humbly desired, 
that a commission might be graunted for the viewing and estimating the said baronie, 
which commission did accordinglie issue, and Sir Tho’ Lestrange knt. then chief com- 
missioner of Connaught and Thomond, and others commissioners therin, took Inquisi- 
tion by jury of said barony, which founde upon their oaths, that yt contained 247 or 
252 porcons or small q™, whereof in respecte of the unfruitfulnes, barranes and badness 
of the soile, and the small quantity of arable land within the same, being for the 
most parte woods, mores, mountaines and unprofitable bogge, they have put 4 of 
the said q™ to one ordenarie 4' of 120 acres, and so did find in their consciences that 
the said barony or countrie contained no more than 63 q™ meete to be charged, as by 
the said Inquisition may appeare. 

Upon return of which Inquisition letters were addressed unto us the Lord Deputie, 
from the said Sir Thomas Lestrange, concerninge the premises, the tenor whereof 
ensueth— 


“ May IT PLEASE Y" HONOUR 
é“ We have been aboute and over-viewed Mac Castilloe his countrie; and now, at 
the gent’s requeste fore whose cause we tooke the paines, these are to certefie your 
2X2 Lordship, 





340 


Lordship, how we have found it, that it is barren amongst the most barren; which 
thing beinge so, and yet standing in so discomodious a place, yet can be hardlie brought 
aboute to he peopled with civill inhabitaunts, excepte a respect of some extraordinan- 
freedoms or Immunitye drawe them thither. In this cause I have neither auctoritie 
nor discertion from your honnor to deale, and therefore do whollie refer the determi- 
nation thereof to your Lordship’s consideration, which wyll I doubt not [4e] both wys- 
X juste; wyse in alluringe the inhabitaunts to a place which by want thereof might 
rayse a greate discomoditie to her Majestie’s subjects, and just by ympusing no greater 
rent on the gent. then the barrones of the soyle will beare; whereof I desire your lord- 
ship most earnestlie, a gentle and favrable consideration, in respect myne eyes ar 
wytnes how lytle it is worthe in regard of the quantitie of grounde that it contains 
Thus with my humble commendations, 1 eommitt your lordship to the Almightir, 
trom Athleage the 1o™ of Sept. 1587. 

* Whereot the said Theobald Dillon, in behaulfe of himselfe and his tenaunts, and 
rest of the inhabitants of the said barunie, made humble suite that the said Inquisitiva 
might from henceforth stande and conteynied. Whereupon entering into the consi- 
deration of the same, and that the said Theobalde Dillon inhabiteth the said harronic, 
and hath by his industrie brought the people there to obedience and subjection; We 
have therefore concluded and agreed that the said countrie shall only be charged after 
the rate of fower skore and three quarters, at To" sterling the quarter, and so to cum 
tinew until her Majesty’s pleasure therin be known. Given under Her Majestie's 
privie seale, the rm Dec. 1887. 

“J. PERRot.” 
VII. 
_. Sligo, 

“THIS INDENTURE made betwixt the Right Honorable Sir John Perrott 
knight, Lord Deputy Generall of Ireland tor and on the behaulte of the Queene's most 
excellent: Mat! of the one partye, andthe rev" fathers in God John Bishop of El phine— 
Owyn bishop of Aconry—Owine eleete bishop of Killalac—Sir Donyll O'Connor of 
Sligo, knight—Pheolyme O'Tarte of Ardtarmon otherwise called O'Hart, chief of his 
namne—Owine O'Connor of the Grawndze, gen.—Edmond O°’ Dowey (Ó Deirda) of 
Killelasse. otherwise called O*Dowey chief of his name—JTubbert Albenaghe of Rathly. 
ceon,—Breene M swynhe of Ardnevlas, ren. — Davy Dowdy of Castle-Connor, gen.— 
Cormocke Ó Harry (O Hara) of Cowlany otherwise called O'Tarey buy, chief of his 
natne—Ferrail OYarry of Ballinetennock otherwise called O* Harry reogh, chief of his 
name—Breene ODarry of Tulwy. gen.—Owene O'Harey of Cowlany, gen.— Ferrdor- 
rahe M' Donashe of Cowleae, otherwise called M' Donoughe Tyrreryll, chief of his 

name— 


341 


name—Mellaghlyne M*° Donogh of Ballyndowne, gen.—Melaghlyne M* Donogh of 
Cowlwonye, gen.—Morryshe M* Donoghe of Clonemahyne, gen.—Cene M*° Hughe of 
Bryckleawe, gen.—John Croftone of Ballymote, gen.—George Goodman of Tagh- 
tample, gen.—Manus Reoghe of Rathmollyne, gen.—Manus M° Teig bwy of Lyscon- 
nowe, gen.—Alexander Mac Swyne of Loughtnevynaghe, gen.—Urryell Garry of 
Moye, otherwise called O’Garry, chiefe of his name—Rory O’Garry of Kearowercoghe, 
gen.—& Manus M" Bryene Reoghe of Levally, gen.—of the other partie. 

“ WYTNESSETH that wheare the whole Country or terrytory of Slego ys 
divided into 5 principall barronies, that is to wytte, the barronies of Carbry, Tire- 
eragh, Maghery-layny, Tire-erryell, Corryn, and the half barrony of Cowlovyne, which 
contain as well by auncient devysion as by late Inquistion, gog q™ of land, each 120 
acres."—-FIRST, in the barronie of Carbry, there is a quantity of land called Cowrine 


a The “ Boundaries of Slygo” have been found as 
follows : 

An Inquisition taken at Slygo the 25*® July, 
1607, before Sir Anthony St. Leger Knight, mas- 
ter of the rolls, &c. the Jury find ‘That the said 
county of Slygo isin length from the leape of Gow- 
regallen in the sowthe parte of Assaroe, where the 
ryver of Thanry doeth enter into the sea on the north 
syde, conteynuing in length forty myles, and in 
breadth from Beallafernan joyninge with Brena 
O Roirke on the easte, to the Belahye meareinge 
with the county of Mayo on the west, and conteyn- 
inge in breadthe other fortye myles. Item the 
boundes of the saide county eastwarde, begyneth at 
Mully I node at the Corlewes, and soe in compasse 
to the leape of Gowregollen, and forwarde towards 
the sowthe to Belahedirge, and to Belagarry at 
Bealaghe, and to Shroan, Killassirre, and forwarde 
to Bealanany, and to the river of the Moye, and to 
Trayohill on the west border of the barony of Tyre- 
raghe, whereof the seven towns of Cowlekeearny is 
forceably healde from the said barony, since the 
making of the composition by the county of Mayo: 
and that wee finde by office, and by a decree given 
by Sir Richard Bingham, and the prooffes of dyvers 
other suffitient men, that the said seaven towns hath 
beane in antient tyme, and ought to be parcell of the 
saide county of Slygo: and from the said Traybohill, 


Sleight 
the sea on the northe side doethe bounde the said 
county of Slygo to Assaroy aforesaid ; and from 
thence to the castle of Camlyn, and to Callkinvoher 
betwixt Farmanaghe and Carbery on the easte parte, 
and soe to Sroan Carrywonny betwixte the barony of 
Carbery and the Breany, and forward to Garromore 
glandallen, and Cnockevockedy, and Farren nefe- 
nyha, and soe forwarde to Shrohe ne Coillemore on 
the sowthe part of Loghgill, betwixt the barony of 
Tyre-Irrill and the said Breny, and to Keane ne 
Rahabane, and to Keanne ne-hargyny, and soe to the 
easte end of Shroe Kedycoman, and to Altconra 
throug Bradlewe, and to Belafernan, and to Ebber- 
ne-howngyre, and to Bomnonyn-Aghwoghell, en- 
tringe in the easte end of Logharowghe, and sve to 
Shuanbuy, and to the said Molly I node, where firste 
wee began at Corrlewe. There is twentie quarters 
betwixte Bondroyes and Assaroe, which by dvvers 
good proffes beside, some of the Jury have fownde to 
be parcel] of the saide county of Sligo, yett it is 
in the posseasion of ©’Donnell. There is twenty 
quarters of the barony of Tyre-Irrell in the posses- 
sion of the countie of Leytrym, since the making of 
the Composition, which they finde by office. warrant, 
and other good prooffes, to be of right parcell of the 
saide county of Slygo. 

That the said county doth consist of five baronies 
and a halfe, viz. the baronies of Tire-Irrill, Corren, 


342 


Sleight Owyne O’Connor, consisting of 284 q"—Cowrine Sleight Moryertaghe back- 
aghe O'Connor of Downaly, 27 q"—Cowrine Moygleny now in the possession of 
O’Donyll, 20 q*"—whereof belong to the Queen in right of the abbey of Assharroy, 4 
q"—Cowrine Sleight Briene O'Connor of Knocknerty, 264 q™ and } parts—Cowrine 
Sleight Tirrellagh Carraghe O’Connor of Askelly, 30 q"—whereof belong to her Mas! 
in right of the ubbey of Sligo, 4 q'—Carowe-Rohablern, 1 q'—Ballybevlane, 14 g'— 
Bally Connor, 2 q"—Ballekilegane, 14 q'—Bradkyllyne, 4 q'—Bally M' Inyrrleyne, 
14 q'—Rossyveolune, 14 q'—Killaspickbrony, 1 4', said gá q™ belonging to the Bishop- 
rick of Elphin—the Benan, 4 4”, belonging to her Majesty in right of the abby of 
Agrosse—Carrowe-Iheffenan, 1 q'—Carrowe M‘ Idewan, 1 q'—and 1 q’ belong” to her 
Majesty in right of the abbay of Kilcrenaude—which in the whole of that barony 
cometh to 150 q’.—In the barronie of Tyreragh there is a quantity of land called 
Cowryne Sleight Cosney of Ardglasse, 32 q"—Cowrine Sleight Rorye UO’ Dowde of Dow- 
neall, 42 q?—Cowrine Sleight Teige O’ Dowde of Isker-Owen, 40 q"—Cowryne Sleight 
Donogh O’Dowde of Castleconnor, 40 q”—alsoe belonging to her Majesty in Skarmore 
as in right of the abbey of Ardnaree, 1 g'—alsoe adjoininge to the said abbeye, $ g'— 
Killanly á q‘, belonging to the bishoprick of Killalae—Kilglasse, 1 q” belonginge to 
same—<altyferrenan, 1 q' belonging to her Mat’ in right of the abbey of Boyle— 
Grandgemore, 3 4" also belonging to her Mat? in right of said abbey —Grandgeboegg. 
4” also belonginge to her Mat? in right of same—Skryne, 4 4” belonging to the 
bishopricke of Killalae—Dromarde, $ g' belong” to same—Carrow 1 harry 1 a” belong’, 
as is said, to same—The Barigge, 4 a" belong, as is said, to same, which in the whole 
within that barony cometh to 1704 q”—In the barrony of Magherylayny there is a 
quantity of land called Eaden-Sleane, 3 q"—Leytryme, 4 q"—Lyssenehy, 1 q’—Car- 
rowmore, 1 q'—Carrownclicke, 1 g'—sleight M' Manus, 64 q"—The Loughane, 1 g'— 
Carowene crive, I q'—Dromcun, 1 q'—Kuocktotan, 1 y’—Conggall, 2 gd"—the town 


of 
Levna, Carbery, Tyreraghe, and the halfe barony of ag“. inhabited 41 q™, whereof free 18 an, waste 164 
Cowlovine. 4". 
The barony of Leyna consisteth of 2053 g”; inha The halfe barony of Cowlovyn doeth consiste of 
hited 351, whereof free 224, waste 103. 20 ar; inhabited ; gs, whereof free 3 gh, waste 13 
The barony of Carberry consistethe of 150 q?;  g'— soe they finde the whale county to conterne the 
inhabited 43. free 321, waste 105. nuinber of SON) q'", inhabited in all 267, where 
The barony of Corran consisteth of 148 q™:inha- free in all 142 a", waste in all 712 q™. 
bited 42 q% whereof free 34 0", waste 116 4%, Note.—The 205) in Leyna shoukd be bat 1404. 
The barony of Tyreraghe consisteth of 170 gne; Also an error in the total—viz. Sin for 267 inh 


inhabited $0 q whereof free 12 a, waste ig’ 712 waste. U7. Orig. Inquis. Rolla Office. 


The barony of ‘Tyre-[rrill ‘doeth comsiste of 205 ~—— 


343 


of Clare, 3 q*"—Ballynecary, 4 q*"—Kilteyleyny, 4 q"—the town of Cawlanii, 4 q"— 
Rabarryne, 1 g'—The Leame, Shancoghe and Carowe ne Ganvy 3 q"—Remore, 3 
q”—and various other lands—also Cawrine Inaspicke of Ballyary, 18 q*—Cowryne 
Sleight Shane oge, 34 q”—-Cowryne Sleight Arte M° Rory of Ballyklare, 9 q’—Sleight 
alty Roe of the Claddaghe, 7 q’—Dowgher, 7 q"—Moynecrannaghe, 2 q”—Carrow 
M° Ellaroe, 1 q'—clonyne Iarry, 4 g'—in the whole barony 205 q”.—In the barony of 
Tyrreryell, there is a quantity of land called Cowryne Sleight Cormyck of Cowlwony, 
26 q™"—Cowryne Sleight Tomultaghe M°Bryene of Clonmahine, 10 ga”, whereof 
belongeth to her Majesty in right of the abbey of Boyle, 3 q"—Cowryne Sleight 
Donyle came of Tollemoylle, and Cashell Loghe Dreggan, 22 q”—also the five townes 
and a half called Clanarvy, 22 q"—Cowrine Sleight Rory M* Donoghe of Cowlea, 17 
q”—Cowrine Sleight Teig M" Briene of Ballyndowne, 29 q"—also Cowrine Sleight 
Cormock Ballagh, 11 g”, whereof 1 q" belongeth to the Queene in right of the abbey 
of Inchyvickerinne—also Cowrine Sleight Hughe M° Mulronye of Brickleave, 14 4”, 
whereof 3 q™ belongeth to her Majesty in right of the abbey of Boyle—also Barr- 
corryne, 12 q™ also belongeth to her Majesty in right of the abbey of Inchyvickerinne, 
34 q"—Killrashe, 2 g”— belongeth to her Majesty in right of the abbey of Lough- 
kee—also Dromdowan, 4 q™, belong* to the Bishoprick of Elphine—also Dromcollyn, 
1 q’, belong” to same—Taunaghe, 2 q”, belong* to same— Kill m' callane, 4 q”, belong* 
to same—Rosse, a q", belong” to same—Killmoydownyed, 4 a', and Shancoghe 4 q’, 
belong” to Her Majesty in right of the Trinity abbey aforesaid—Kilvicken-Iram, 4 
q” belong” to Her Majesty in right of the said abbey—Ballyagheshennaghe, 4 q™ 
belong” as is said to the Archbishoprick of Tweame, which in the whole of that bar- 
rony cometh to 205 q™.—In the barrony of Corrine, there is a quantity of land called 
Cowrine Sleight Dermott M* Donoghe, 19 q*—Banyneddane, 13 q™, belong” to Sleight 
Dermod M* Donoghi aforesaid—Cowrine Sleight Cahall M* Donoghe of Ballyncloghe, 
10 q™—Cawrine Sleight Teige M* Donoghe of Raamollyne, 32 q"—also Ballynedowie 
6 q™, belong” to said Teige M° Donoghe—Cowrine Sleight Brian Keaghe of Bally- 
onaghan, 4 q"—Cowrine Sleight Morissh M“ Donoghe of Rossrife, 16 q"—Cowrine 
Clayne Kowanehy, in Ballyedderawen, 4 q"—Cawryne Sleight Tourult M* Donoghe 
of Ballymote, 224 a", belonging to her Majesty as in right of the Castell of Bally- 
mote—also Portynch, 3 q"—Ballyneleasse, 2 q'™—Imlanghe Naghton, 1 q’, all which 
6 q™ belong to her Majesty in right of the abbey of Boyle—the Grandg, 4 da”, belong* 
to Her Ma’ in the same right—Cowlenemannagh, 1 q’, belong” to Her Ma” in the same 
right—Dromratty, 5 q™, belong” to the bishoprick of Achonry —Imlaghfaddae, 2 g'"'— 
Kylvoryne, q'—Clonoghyll, 2 q*—Killosalwy, 1 q'—Kiltoran, 1 q’—Tampall-Man- 
nagh, 2 g”—all which belong to the said Bishoprick of Achonry.—Also there is 

belong* 


344 


helong* to Her Majesty in right of the abbey of Ballymote, 14 q’—also Clonyvyhan-. 
tq", belonging to Her Ma” in the same right; which in the whole of that Barrony 
cometh to 158 q™.—Alsoe the halte Barony of Cawlovyn consisting of 20 a”, all which 
being drawn into one tutall cometh to the aforesaid nomber of gog q™. 

é The said lords, chiefftaynes, & acknowledging the manifold benefits & easements 
they finde, do graunt to the Queen’s most excellent Majestie her heirs and succes 
sors for ever one yearly rent-charge of tenn shillings ster. out of everie quarter of land 
aforesaid; and covenaunt to answere and bear yearlie for ever 20 good hable horsmen 
& 60 tootemen well armed, to all hostings reods and journies within the s" province of 
Connaght and Thomond; & 10 good hable horsemen and 30 footemen well armed, t: 
all generall hostings proclaymed in this realine. 

* That the said Sir Donill O'Conor", in respecte of his loyaltie & faithfulnesse to 
the Queene, shall have by letters patents to him his heirs and assigns the castells or 
manors of Slego in the barony of Carbry, and Meynlaghe in the barony of Maghery- 
lenye, and all the lands, appertayninge as well to the name and callinge of O'Conor 
Slizoe, as also which belong or appertayneth to Sleight Owine ©’Conor, from whom the 
said Sir Doniell is said to be deseended, or by his owne purchase or otherwise, & 
which are accounted to be 32 q™, freed; and shall also have a yearly renteharze of 132 4 
voaing out of every q! of the residue of the said q™, being 80 4" of the land of Sleight 
Muryertazhe, Sleight Briene, and Sleight Tirlaghe O'Connor, and those of Cawrine 
Moyyany, in full recompence, &“ and that he and the heirs of his futher shall hold the 
aforesaid Castles, & by the service of 2 knight's fees, as of her Majestic's castle of 
Ballymote, and he is to give one fayre chief horse yearly, to the Lord Deputy, with 

these 


3 Sir Henry Sydney describes his proceedings with 
O'Conor and OY Donnell as follows:—" 15th June, 
1576.--- TF founde Odonnell verie humble and tract- 
able, And whereas he. and his Auneestors, have had 
arent of iii, é Markes Yerelye aut of Oechonnor Nli- 
gaghs Countrie, fabulouslye chalenzed te have bene 
patie, ever since St, Patrick's Dave, but probably 
averred om both sides, if half bene taken for theis: 
fower or IS ve Discents by the Ohdannelis (but never 
Without: Vyolence alleaged Ochonnor jand se think 
Odonnell acrevd. in the Ende. té stav Exactinge of 
it, untill 1 had sente Cominissioners to examvne his 
Clayme, and the others Deniall: and upon their Cer- 
tifieatt, Í to take Order and this to be de ue in. Írgnaí 


next: Which Order will TP hope Gil out té be seche. 
as the Quenes Majestie shall leentituled to the Rent 
and Service from thein bethe. Gechonrmer oun. 
petided in A glanede to yove an hinders! Markee 
Yerlve. to be dischantzed of Odeunell, and a hath 
his Comntrey graunted hyiny under the Great Seale 
of England; Wut, if Dean clerlye diehanter bye 
He sh~iered me 
teconstitute a Sheriff in his Countrie wishinge rather 
a Ferrier. then any of the Sovbes [inde abied | 
I have 
freat Contidenee that this Ochuanur, who is the 
same that [ brousht inte Ragland. will prove a guod 
Subies te -— Ledfera, Ney, vol. i.p. 114 


from Odonnell, he shall pay better, 


erannted, and sent one with Commission, 


345 


these words graven in gold, guo vtct vincor: and he shall also have 8" out of every g" of 
154 quarters in the barony of Tirreraghe ; 10° out of every q’* of 20 q™ in the barony 
of Cowlovine; 6° 10° out of every q’ of 156 q™ in the barony of Magheryleynye; 6° 6° 
out of every g' of 166 q™ in the barony of Tirreryelle; and go" 3“ out of every q' of 
110 q™ in the barony of Corren. 

s That the lord Bishop of Aghconry shall have 4 q™ adjoining his house or town of 
Skrine in the barony of Tireraghe, free; and 6 q™ as a demesne to his house or towne 
of Achonry, in the barony of Magheryleyny, free. 

“ In the barrony of Corran, that Cormocke O’Hary bwy shall have 3 da” free, 
adjoining his castle of Cowlany:—that Ferraghe Carraghe O’Hary reoghe shall have 
3 4” free as a demesne to his castle of Ballinefenocke otherwise called Ballyhary—and 
that Hugh M° Donoghe, in respecte of his adge and removing from Ballimote, shall 
have 4 4” free, in the barony of Corrane. 

‘‘ In the barrony of Tirrerel, that Ferdorroghe M* Donoghe of Cowlea shall have 
3 q™ adjoining his towne of Cowlea, free. 

sé In the Barrony of Tirrereagh, that Edmond O’Dowd shall have 3 q™ as a demaine 
to his castle of Kylglasse, free—and that his cousin and heir apparent, Davy of Dowda, 
shall have 2 q™ free, adjoining his house of Castle-Connor. 

‘“* That Urrell O’Gary of Moggary shall have 3 q™ free, adjoining his castle of 
Moygarry in Cowlovine. 

“ That Magaghline M° Donoghe shall have a q™ free, adjoining his castle of Cowl- 
wony in the barony of Tirrarell. 

é That John O’Creane shall have 3 q™free, adjoining his house or towne of Bally- 
negare in the barony of Carbry. 

“ And for as much as the meaner sort of freeholders of the said county of Sligo, and 
the tenants dwellinge upon their lands, are and shall be greatlie burdened by this com- 
position, if the petty lords and captains next above them be permitted to take such 
rents and customarye dutyes as they pretend to belong to the said petty captaine- 
shipps, for remedy whereof, it is condescended and agreed that the above-named 
O’Harry bwy, O’Harry reoghe, M* Donoghe of Tirerell, O’Gary, O'Dowd, and all 
others of that sort and calling, shall have by letters patent, not only such castells and 
lands as belongeth to the name and callinge of O’Harry buy, O Harry reoghe, 
M: Donoghe, O’Gary, & O'Dowd, but also all such castles and lands as they or any of 
them be nowe justlie seized of as their inheritance, the same to descend from ech of 
them to their heirs, by course and order of the lawes of England: and in respect of 
confirming unto them the same, that after the decease of everie of them the aforesaid 
rents and duties shall from thenceforth be utterlie determyned and extinguished for 


IRISH ARCH. 80C. 15. 2Y 


346 


ever. 


In wittnesse whercof the aforesaid lords chieftains and others have hereunto put 


their seales, and subscribed their names this 23” day of Sept. Anno Domini 1585. 

“ Sir DoNELL ©’Connor, Slegoe—EtGentus ACHADEN. Eps —Evegsits 
EvLectus ALADEN.—QOwI1n (’Connor.—O’ DowveE. —BriEn M‘Swixt.— 
HvuBeRT ALBANAGHE.— MOLAGHLINE Mac DONOGHE. — ComMoce 
O’HTARRYE.—MoLacuin MA Donocue, junior.—D. Doowpa.—Fur- 
DORAGHE M‘ DoNOGHE.—FERRALL O’Harry.— Morreisne M'Donocar. 
—Manus M’TEIGE BwY.—ALEXANDER M‘ Swint.—Manus REOGHE— 
URRILL O’l[arry.—Rory oGe.—Manus M‘ Briens.” 


IX. 


é O’ Royrk’s Country". 
- THIS INDENTURE made betwixte the Right Honorable Sir John Perrvtt 
knight, lord Deputy Generall of Ireland, for and on the behaulfe of the Queene’s most 


4° The county of Leitrim LIMITTED and ap- 
pointed.” ALD. 1583. 

" The country called O'Rowrke's country, con- 
teyneth the Breny O*Rowrke, both Moynter Olys, 
Dartery, Lorigain, with other small territories, toge- 
ther with Mt Gwyre his lands by sowthe the Lough 
Erne, jeyned together and made and appointed to 
be called the countie of Letrym, being limitted and 
bounded as followeth, vi, EASTE, with the coun- 
try called Breny O'Reighly (new the county Cavan) 
asthe so... dereth on Mé Gawran’s lands (which 
are ineluded within this countve) and the... . now 
the county of Longforde, till it come to the Ryver of 
Shenan.—. SOUTHE, with the ryver of Sheanan, 
witch divideth the same from OTandve's 2.0... 
toe and O' Bryn’s countryes, anda part of Moylorce. 
ai] só passing to the northem edge of the territeric 
called Tyrehoyvle parcel of Mos lore aforesaid, to the 
he untavne called Slewe Corke, extending to) Loh 
hull... WEST, with the Logh called Logh Kyll as 
itcresseth fram the mountayne aforesd. te a small 
Water or spring on the north syde called) Ffauran 
Mo otevell, and so directly a Lytle by west the Newton 
up te the nountayae called Slewimore ; and so as the 
~eoe Slewmore runneth betwint the barony of Car- 


Mev in the comity of Slyye to the lands of Bundrey es, 


excellent 


and so to the water northwards which cumeth cat of 
the great Logh-Eme.—NORTHE, with the water 
which cometh from the said greath Laogh. and the 
Laych Erne itself, into the land of Mc Gawras, ani 
then M* Gawran's lands as they jovne to the Breny 
(YReighly.—The county is devyded into vii several 
hundrds or baronys, wherein these territories fnllvs- 
ing are conteyned, having within them the eala 
of quarters of land under meutioned, everie qf cun- 
tevning 120 acres of land, viz.—1. LETRYM. The 
territone called Moynter Oly, Ow phderagh eh 
Movenishe, conteyning Sleiught Eyte Mr Granaell. 
Slenight Conner, and Sleuight Cahill Mc Gran 
conteyning 1514 q™ ofland. Also Anaghdaf, Ret. 
tahurk, Keltobrid. Fynagh, and Kylifowre oateyn- 
in 27 qh of land, making in the whole 17284 g'— 
2. MOYLE. The territory called Moyuterobre 
Ewtrash, alias Clan Melaghlyn, which conterneh 
Hie gr 3. DROMAHIRE. The territory called 
Carryva Dromahyre, conteyneth 22 gh, alan Carra 
Cleyn-Logh, gal. ale M* Kagan’s lands im Cla- 
arwy 214". also Urlare 16g”, also Ballyuegbogh sg”. 
the lands af Sleuight Owen O'Rourk, 4 4°, the land 
of Sleuight Donezh M* Gowran, 12 an, and the ind 
of Slenight Connack Mé Gawran 12 an, amoantiag 
tevether te 135.79 of land.— 1. ROSSECLOGHER 


347 


excellent Majesty of the one partye, and John, bishop of Kilmore—Lysaghe, bishop 
of Ardaghe—Sir Briane O’Royrke of Dromahire knt.—Cahall M* Connor Carragh 
Magrannyll of Inishmurryne, otherwise called Magrannell of Moynishe, chiefe of his 
name—Tirlaghe M° Molaghline oge Magrannylle of Dromarde, otherwise called Ma- 
grannyle of Clonmologhlyne, chief of his name—Teige oge Maglanchie of Rossclogher, 
chief of his name—Tyrelaghe Magawryne of the Largine, chief of his name—Owyne 
M* Phellime O’Royrke of the Garre, gen.—Rory M“ Enawe of Inyshimylerye, chiefe 
of his name—Melaghlyn M° Owyne M*° Murrye of Loghmoyltagher, gen.—Farrell 
M‘ Ternan of Cloyloghe, gen.—Bryan M" Loghlyne of the Fayhee, gen.—Phelyme 
Glasse of Cloncorycke, gen.—Wonye Mac Sheane O’Royrke of Loghnecouhye, gen.— 
and Tyernane O’Royrke of Dromahyre, gen. of the other parte. 

‘“WYTNESSETH, that wheare the whole territory called O’Royrk’s country, 
comprehending Breny O’Royrke, both the Moynterolyes, the Largane, Cowleovlyne, 
Kinaloghane and the Dartry, which contain in themselves, as well by auncient devysyon 
as by late Inquisicion, the number of 801 q™, every q' 120 acres’. FIRSTE in Breny 


The territory called Carryn Ewill-Wylegh con- 
teyneth 18 g”, also Ballagh I mean 8 da", Rosse 
Iaver 8 q®, Clonlogher 2 q™*, Kyllargy 4 a”, Kyl- 
len Umery 2 ar", Drom Leyse 4 a”, Moynter 
Kenny alias Mc Kenny’s lands 14 q™, and Mc Ker- 
non’s lands 4 q™, making together 60 q™.—5. 
CARRE. The territory called Moyelys 18 q™, the 
territory called the Carre 30 q™, and the territory 
called the Dartery 20 q™, amounting in all to 68 
q™*.—6. COWLOVLYN. Theterritory called Kyn- 
nacloghan conteyneth Sleuight Teg ne Geyrr, 
Sleuight Hugh M° Arte, and Sleuight Keogh, Bally- 
necurry, Dromervella, and Oughter Aghwe, con- 
teyneth 87 q™, also Cowlovelyn contayning 28 q', 
and Tullageaghe 44 q™, which doth amount toge- 
ther to 109 q™.—7. LYSSEGOWLE. The terri- 
tory called Toe Rahe 30 a's, Moynter Ffeodegan’s 
land 80 q™, Clonowly 30 q'*, Clanredmond 15 an, 
Knock-nyn 15 q™, and Maghery-boy 15 q™, which 
make in all 135 q™. 

“ We whose names are hereunto subscribed, hav- 
ing viewed and surveyed the territories and lands 
above mentioned, by virtue of the Queen’s Majesties 


I 


letters patents to us or any three of us addressed, 
bearing date the 8th July in the 87 year of her 
reign, have limitted and appointed the said territo- 
ries to be one shyre or county, and to be nominated 
the county of Letrym; and have divided the same 
into 7 severall barronyes or hundreds as above is sett 
foorth, which our doying we doe certify unto your 
Lordship, according to the purport of the said com- 
mission to be returned of record. In Witness whereof 
we have hereunto put our seals, and subscribed our 
names, the 25th of September, 1588.” Orig. Return 
in Rolls Off. 

b The “ Boundaries of Leitrim” have been found 
as follows: 

“ An Inquisition taken at Dromahare, the 22™ of 
July, 1607, before Sir Anthony St. Leger Master 
of the Rolls, &c.— The jury find ‘ That the county of 
Leytrim extended in breadth from Douffcoulofflyn, 
mearynge upon Tayllagh-Donoghoy in the county 
of Cavan, unto Bundoyse butting upon the barrony 
of Carbry in the county of Sligo, are 37 miles, 
whereof the sixte parte is scarse arrable lande, but all 
mountayne, bogg, and wood, and in breadth from 


2Y2 


348 


I Royrke, there is a quantity of land called the Dartry, 20 q"—Karrhy, 30 4". 
whereof 1 q’ belongs to the bishoprick of Killmore—Cowryne Moylyshe, 18 a”. 


the rvver of Shankryne in M° Gawran's country, to 
Carradroymroyske at the Sheanan, being the broad- 
They finde 
that the aaid county is bounded in manner and forme 


est parte of the county are ten myles. 


followings, viz. beginninge at the ryver of Dowtfe 
Cowllothuyn, yt extendeth forward to the ford or 
passage of the Nybber, from thence to Ahanfadda, 
and so forwarde to Beallamowdyne mearinge upon 
the county of Longforde, from thence throuzh the 
hagyee af Moyne-Cappoll butting forward to Skragh- 
bunyunshine, including N cartrons of the county of 
Lonyforde, and so into the river of Sheanon, and 
contynuinge the same to Beallakillesrenan, and for- 
ward to Carradromroyske, from thence to Leyetrim, 
and as the course of the ryver runneth from Logh- 
avle against the stream into that Lough, then to 
Srowhane nynled, and Lurjane Caylly, mearinge to 
the Dworyny, from thence to Cleynemockery and 
Leasnegyhe, and so to Kilsallogh, and then holdings 
the meare to Skehyenazuna adjoyninge Cayshe-logh- 
dar,ane, and so cross the mounteyne unto Loghgill, 
and going oute of the said Logh at... . harkillerod- 
Jane yt extendeth forward to Ay lteclaydy, ineluding 
3 qh and 3 cartrona of the county of Sly. called 
the Gr of Clagherbeg, the a” of Cloghermore, Car- 
rownahery, Coyaroish, and 3 cartrons of Killefod- 
der: from thence to the meare of the Matlin, and ao 
to Laighnehilline, and then dyrectlie te Srownehowl- 
lusha. then battinge forwarde te the streame of 
Srowhane-owne, and) se as the méar extendeth 
betweene Clownekyne and the Clowaty, and from 
thenee to Bovnedovne, and unto the ocean sea, and 
so abouts to Bowndroite, from (hence agavnste the 
streaine of that river of Droysse, and géine oute of 
the rvver on the north side yt includeth a dt of lande 
called Carrownebovhane. and into the river of Owyn 
nefacram], and then as the streame runneth inte 
Leash Melving and so along the logh to Abbernelehe, 
and then inchelinge all) the islands, vt extendeth 


belonging 


eastwanle to Bunowyn Leigilehidd, and so mearing 
forward to Srahareogh near the river of BEowgv. 
from thence to Killtarsnye, and an followinge the 
streame of Killtarsnie, which boundeth Killtycowngs 
and Moynterfloddayhane, from thenee to Beallammal 
lanegeyre, then to Beallenemialagh, then unto Logh 
vackneane, and xo alunge the said logh between the 
islands of Russcurky on the north, and Inish M* Dor. 
rash on the suwthe, and so to Beallscowngamore. 
and then to Beallucowngabegg, from thence it ex- 
tendeth to Buncley Aghaarly, and eo to Laigebdan- 
shanny, then forward to Carrycknecranmoy, buttinge 
directly to Corrylyskey and Corlacky : and so w 
Tonowsse, then to the Sruwhance, and mearinge to 
Beallancluwree, yt reacheth to Loghamuornter- 
hollyh, on the east side of Sliewnverin : from then 
to Clowiccomyrke, then to Hayskeenagappuall, 
boundinge to Beallanelaghmore on the earte, merar- 
inge forwarde to Beallah Radreynan, and forward te 
.... haysker Srahabowghane, including 4 gq! of 
M° Gawran’s country called Leth Carrewelyme- 
roushty: then yt runnith to Carroghbowtii, from 
thence to Beallne shancryne and se along the river 
of Swawnenagh and té Beallanencane. Then Moerd- 
dadowtfe Layichyn. and then to Dowtfe Cowfodova, 
including the 4 quarter of Sassagh, where they 
began. 

* Twin they finde that the said county is divided 
inte o principal barronies, that is to ssie— Lyetris 
EA Jr, whereof inhabitted 41, free 12. waste $44— 
2. Movhilles qf, whereof inhahitted 24 a". free nil 
waste 15 q'.— 3. Cartyckallen 40 a" 1 carta, 
Whereof inhabittesd 12 ag”, free nihil, waste 28 and 1 
cartran. --£ Dromaheare 120 4g 8 cartrons, whereof 
inhabited 184 ar, free bx úis, waste 54 q”.—35, Ros- 
clogher 39 arr, whereof inhabited 63 q™ free níl 
waste 32); the whole 3604 af. That Sir Donmagh 
(YConnor Slygo doth clayme 20 ag” of Twobollia- 
togher to be parcell of the connty of Slygo, and 5 


349 


belonging to the Newtowne—Also Cowryne Eylwaye, 18 g”, whereof belong to the 
bishoprick of Killmore, 4 q"—the Bellaghe, 8 q™ belong to the said bishoprick—Ross- 
ynver, 8 q™ belonging to the same—Also Clonlogher, 2 q™, Kilardgye, 4 q™, Killenur- 
nerye, 2 ga”, Dromenleyssce, 4 q™, Ballynegleroaghe and Inyshe M° Roe, 8 q” all 
belonging to the bishoprick of Killmore—Cowryne of Dromahire, 22 g"—Cowryne 
Cloynloghe, 21 q*—M° Caggan’s land in Clanarwy, 21 q"™—-Cowryne Balyntogher by 
west the said Ballyntogher 22 q™, whereof a belong to the bishopricke of Ardaghe in 
Killeyree (which 22 q™ are already chardged in the composition of Slegoe, and there- 
fore hear not to be accompted).—Alsoe the Orlare, 16 q"—Cowryne M‘Kearnan, 4 q"°— 
Cowryne Sleight Owyn O’Royrke, 3 gd”—M" Enawe’s land called Moynterkenny, 14 
q"—Sleight Donoghe M*Gawrene, 12 q"—Cowryne Sleight Cormack M* Gawrene 
12 q’—In Moynterolyshe-eghtraghe, otherwise called Clayne Moylaghlyne, there is a 
quantity of land called Coveryn Claine Melaghline M° Granell, 110 a”, whereof belong- 
eth to her Majestie in right of the abbey of Mohill, 6 ga”, and to the bishoprick of 
Ardaghe, 20 q"—alsoe in Moynterolyshe oghteraghe, otherwise called Moynyshe, 
there is a quantitye of land called Coveryn Sleighte-Eyre M*Granill, and Sleight 
O’Muliney, 50} g'.—Alsoe Sleight Connor M‘Granyll and other cepts or nasyons 
depending on them, 50} q™, whereof belongeth to the Queen in right of the abbey of 
Boyle, 8 q"—alsoe Annaghduffe, 2 q*—Kiltawhourke, 3 q”—Killtubred, 4 q"— 
Ffyenaghe, 9 g'—and Killfover, 8 q™, all belonginge to the bishoprick of Ardagh— 
alsoe in Sleight Teig ne Gier O’Royrke, there is a quantity of land called Sleight 
Cahall Ballaghe, g q"—in Sleight Hugh M* Arte in Kenell-lohan, 8 q™"—Sleight 
Keoghe, 2 q"—Sleight Shane, á q'—Ballinecorry, 8 q’?—Droumorvella, 4 q”, belonging 
to the bishoprick of Killmore—also Oaghter Aghow, 5 q™ belonging to the same— 
in Kenell-lohan, 8 q"*—also Cowlevlvoyne, Clane Cahall Ryoghe, and M*Kygan’s 
lands, 28 q”"—also Telaghe-Kaheghe, parcell of the county of Leytrime, which is said 
to belong to the O’Reylye, 44 q*—also Toarahae on the south side of Lough Earne 30 
4”, belonging as is said to Maguyre—also Tae Moynter Feodeghane on the same side 
of the lough, consisting of 30 q"—also Toe Clan-Awley, 30 q"—the chief Toc of Clan- 

Redmond, 


q™ and one cartron in Carbry to be likewise parcell 
of said county of Slygo, but find that these lands, time 
beyond the memory of man, are in the possession of 
the O’Royrks, and founde and presented by several 
jurors to be within the limits and bounds of the 
county of Letrim. That 44 q'* of Tyrlaghagh called 
Magawran’s country, and not included within the 
circuit of this county as herein is already bownded, 


have been likewise beyond man’s memory reputed as 
part of said county of Lyetrim; until about four 
years past, and that the O’Royrks, from tyme to 
tyme, have had and received yearly a chiefry of £12 
or 12 cows per annum, which M* Gowran himself 
with this rysinge oute at all tymes did willingly 
paye, until about fower years last past, as aforesaid.” 
— Orig. Inquis. Rolls Off: 


35° 


Redmond, 15 q"—the half Tow of Knock-Inye, 15 q"—all on the same south side of 
the lough-Earne, and belonginge, as is said, to Maguyre—also the half Too of 
Mazherbwy, 15 q”, belonging, as is said, to the same,—and all which being drawn into 
one totall, cometh to the afuresaid nomber of 801 q"—whereof there belong™ to the 
Queen, 14 4”, and to the lords spirituall, 89 ga". 

é The said lords and cheiftaynes, acknowledging the manifold benefits and emse- 
ments they finde, do graunt tu the Queenes most excellent Majestye her heirs and 
successors for ever, one yearlye rent charge of tenn shillings oute of everie quarter of 
the st lands; and covenant to aunswere and beare yearlie 15 good hable horsmen, & 80 
footemen well armed, and furnishede with armes, garrans, and victuals to all hostings, 
roods, and journies within Connaught and Thomond; and 8 good hable horsmen and 40 
fuotemen well armed and furnished, to all generall hostings proclaymed in this realme. 

é The said Lo. Deputie for and in the behalfe of the Queen’s Majestie doth cove- 
nant and promise that the s" Sir Brien O'Rourke, in respecte of his submission and 


Sir Henry Sydney, in A.D. 1574, gave the 
Lords of the Couneil the following account of his pro- 
Sir Brian, the above con- 
tracting party, was executed at Tyburn for high 
treason on the 3rd November, 1502, for which see 
Stow's Chronicle, p. 762. fol. Lond. 1631: 

"16th June, 1576, there came unto me thether, 
( Dublin.) shortly after Easter, Owryeke, O'Donnell, 
(on Odonnell, his nephew and Enemyve, O Chonnor 
Slizazh, of the principall of the Okellies; and all 
these for Matter of great Consequence to be ordered 


ceedings with O'Rourke. 


between the State and theim, and Ivkewise betwixt 
ane an other of theimselyes. And first of Owryeke, 
[found hyin the proudest Man that ever 1 dealt with 
in Uredande, and usinge him thereafter told) hym, 
that, as he was the Quenes Subjecte and ought to 
hold his Lande of her, so he should behave hymeelfe 
in Obedience as a Subieete, and for his Land yeald 
both Rent and Service, or els FP wold place an other 
in the same: He saied he wold be a fed Subiecte, 
as alwayes his Auncestors haid bene, and spake very 
moch Goode of theim = and hymselfe, and wold pay 
goch Rent and Service for his Countre as was aptecd 
upon betwene the Governor aud his Father, and 
alleadped, that he had a Patent at his Tlowse for his 


professivn 


Lande; I answered hym (as in dede it was trae) 
that I was iynuraunt thereof. but, upon Search | 
found the same entred in the eldest Counevll Bonke 
that ever was made here, in the xxxiiith vere of 
Kinge Henrie the Eight; Sir Anthonye Sentleger 
beinge then Deputie by which he bounde hym aelfe 
t» pay to the Kinge xxi. Jrish verelye, with his ser- 
vice of some Horsemen and Foutemen, as by the 
mime apearethe ; of which nether his Father, nor be, 
ever paied any Thinge, and that he cunfesaed offer- 
ine to compounde fur the Arreragies, and to coa- 
teyne that Rent and Service, which I male Light st 
and lighter of the former Composicion, and wold nat 
vree vnder three hundered Markes sferlinge verelye. 
Besides Service, and Findinge of Men of Warre, be 
offered sixeskore Poundes sterliage; all which J re- 
fuged, lest, he beinge so great a man. as he is 
reputed té be, an overlyht Composicion with bym 
mizht te a President of great Hendragnce to the 
Quene, and compoundinge with others as well ia 
Connaught as Vister,  Finallye he humblye desiered 
that there might be sent into his Coontre, diserente 
and inditf-rent Commissioners, to view his Cuuneria, 
ain] to certifie trewlye the Wast and Barras 
thereof. and thereupon to take Order, and net be 





351 


profession of loyaltie and truth, shall have and take by letters patents, to him and the 
heirs males of his father Bryan O’Rourke, for the better supportation and mainten- 
aunce of his present state of knighthood, as also of any further degree or title of honor 
yt shall please her Majestie to call him, the castells or manors of Dromahire, Lewtrime 
and the Newtowne in the said O’Royrke’s country, which are accounted to be in the 
whole the number of 186 ga”, whereof 60 q™ to be a free demeane to the said castles or 
manors; and he shall also have one yearly rent charge of 13" 4” out of every 4” of 445 
q™ of freeholder’s lands, viz. the lands of Maglanchy, Owen O’Royrke of Carr, Tirre- 
lagh Mac Owen of Dearegyll, Rory M° Enawe of Moynterkeny, Magranyll of Moyinsh 
Magranull of Cammolaghane, Phellyme glasse O’Royrke of Coulovloyne, Owen 
M° Shane O’Royrke of Kincoyll-loughane, M° Murry, M* Loghline, M" Tiernane, and 
M° Kelly, amountinge to £296 8" 4* sterling. And that they and every of them shall 
hold the aforesaid 445 q™ of the said Sir Brian, and the heirs males of the body of his 
father, by knight’s service and the rent aforesaid, viz. by the 40” part of a knight’s 
fee, as of his said castells of Dromahire and Lewtrime. And the said Sir Brian shall 
hold the said castles, manors, and lands of the Queen by knight’s service, viz. by three 
knight’s fees, as of her house or manor of Moychill in said O’Royrke’s country; and 
one fayre chief horse yearly to be presented and given, in her Majesties name, to the 
Lord Deputy on Mydsomer day, with this word graven in gold serviendo guberno. 
And for as muche as the meaner sorte of the freeholders of the said countrye are and 
shall be greatlye burdened by this composition, if the petty lords and captains next 
above them be permitted to take such rents and customarye dutyes as they pretend to 
belong to the said petty captaineshipps, for remedy whereof it is condyscended and 
agreed, that the above named Maglanchie, Magrannel of Moynishe, M° Granell of Clann- 
malaghline, M* Murry, M° Loghhline, M° Tirnan, M°* Kelly, and all others of that sorte 
and callinge, shall have and hold to them their heirs and assigns, by letters patents, 
not only all castles and lands which belongeth to the names and calling of Maglanchie, 
Magrannel of Moynishe, M*Grannell of Clanmalaghline, M° Murry, M* Loghline, 
M‘ Tiernan, M° Kelly, but also all such other castles and lands of which they are now 
justly seized; and after the decease of every of them, the aforesaid rents and duties 

belonging 


fore. Hereupon we agreed, and that to be donne in Cahelrewe, Obirne, Mac Ternan and Mac Amar- 


August next, saveinge that he requyred to have cer- 
teine pettie Lordes, dwellinge under or niere hym (of 
Duetie his Tributaries sayeth he, vniustlye oppressed 
by hym say they) to yeeld hym his accustomed ex- 
actions, namelye, the twoe Mac Granells, Omolin- 
dye, Mac Glaugh, Keneloghan, Collofluyn, Mac 





rowe. But I would not graunte theim hym, and 
yet he departed satisfied, and since hath both wryt- 
ten and sent to me, verye humblye, that I shall finde 
hym more obedient in his owne Countrey, then I did 
in this Cittie; and thus moche for Owricke.”-— Let- 
ters, &c., vol. i. p. 114. 


352 


belonging to the names of their petty captainshipps, shall from thenceforth be utterly 
determined and extinguished, for ever.—IN WYTNESSE whereof the aforesaid lords 
& chieftaines have hereunto put their seales, and subscribed their names, this 27" day 
of September, Anno Domini 1585. 
“ BRYEN O’Royrk.—M‘ Murry.—Brien M‘ LoGHLYNe.—FERRat 
M° TIERNAN. 

“ Memorand, that albeit there are 135 q™ of Magwire’s lands, lying on the south 
syd of Logherne, and 44 q™ of O’Riellic’s land on the same syd, cumprized in this 
booke; yet they be not heare charged with any composition, but drawn in to be made 
parcell of the intended county of Leytrym.” 


X. 
é Moylurge alias Mac Dermott’s Countrye, O'Connor Roe’s Countrye, and O'Connor 
Dune’s Countrye.—[ Roscommon |.” 

“THIS INDENTURE made betwixte the Right Honorable Sir John Perrotte 
Knt. Lord Deputie gencrall of Ireland for and on behalfe of the Queen’s most Excellent 
Majesty of the one parte, and the Lords, chicftuins, &c. of Moylurge alias M' Dermott's 
countrye, O'Connor Roe’s countrye and O'Connor Dunes countrye, viz. William 
archbishoppe of Tweame—John bishop of Elphine—Iugh O’Konnor of Ballintobber 
otherwise called O’Konnor Dune, chiefe of his name—Fergonanym O’Hanley of 
Knockensheigh, chief of his name—Sir Thomas le Strange knight of Alleare—Carbri 
O*Birne of the Dyngon, chief of his name—Teige Mt Towmultaghe of Croghan, geo.— 
Towmultagh oge of Ballinkillen, gen—Towmultagh M'‘ Ilughe of Dromeharlagh, 
gen.—Oene Ernney of ..... —Ferrall Mac Dermonde Roe, chief of his name—Con- 
nor oge AD Dermod of the..... Taneste—Cuhall oge M* Mulmory of the Eaden, 
gen.—Mulmory M“ Dermod, gald, chief of his namne—Duwaltagh M' Toolie O'Connor 
of Bracklone, gen.—Cahall M° Toolie of Castlereagh, gen.—Feagh O’Filuyne of Sleav- 
lyne, chief of his name—Calloe O’Floyn of the Cladazhe, gen.—Turreleagh Keaghe 
M'Swiny of Cnocknetaghty, gen.—Teig O'Connor Roe, chief of his name—Hugh 
M Tirrelagh Rue of Clonybirne, gen.—Breene O'Ftlanegan of Ballaoghter, chief of his 
nane—John Crofton of Canvee, gen—..... of Ballingilly, gen.—and Edward White 
of Ballinderry, gen. of the other parte. 

*  WITNESSETH that wheare the said contries and territuries be devided into thre 
barronies, viz, Boyle otherwise Moylurge, Ballintebber, and Roscommon; which con- 
tain, as well by auncient devysion as by late Inquisition, 905 quarters of land, each 
containing 120 acres—FIRSTE, in the barronie of Ballintobber there is a quantitye 
of land called ‘Tyrevrune-caghtrazh, 48 g” whereof belong to Her Majestie in right of 


- the 


353 


the abbey of Kilmor, 4 4”, and to the Bishoprick of Elphine, 4 q™"—-Leaggan I Anlie, 
35 4”, whereof belong to the Queen in right of the abbey of St. Peters Athlone, a da", 
and to the Bishopricke of Elphine, 4 q*—Knock ne Shie, 42 q", whereof belong to 
Her Majesty in right of the abbey of S* Johns, a 4”, in right of the abbey of Knock- 
moye, 2 4”, and in right of the abbey of Clontoyskert, 8 g'— In Moynter Raa are these 
parcells following, viz. Ballyglasse, to q*—Leytrim, 64 q"—Caggall, 34 q"—Kilteig, 
4 q"—Ballineboavin, 4—Cashelleneghan, 2—Dromdawe, 1—the Kriagh, 4 q™— 
Mollemuckte, 4 q”"—Raconnogher, 4 q"—Ballenrie, 4 q"—Carran, 1 q'—Lisnecrohbie, 
1 q'—Ballynbogher, q'—Clonybirne, 2 q"—Ardsallaghe, 2 q", whereof belongeth to 
the Bishoprick of Elphin, 1 q'—Ballenovmerie, 4 q”—the Clonyne, 2 q™, whereof 1 
q’ belongeth to her Majesty in right of the abbey of Derran—also Carrowe Roe, 1 q' 
belongeth to her Majesty in right of the Abbey of Roscommon—Kilbrid, 4 q™ 
belong” to the Bishoprick of Elphin—Also there belongeth to Her Majesty, over and 
besides the lands aforesaid, in the said Moynter Raae's lands, in right of the said 
abbey of Roscommon, 18 q™— also Shelleronne, 44 q™, whereof belongeth to the Arch- 
bishoprick of Tweame, 4 q"—Clayne Kearne, 44 q"™, whereof belongeth to the bishop- 
rick of Elphin in Termon Kellyne, 4 q"—also Cowryne Clane Connor, 42 q™, whereof 
belongeth to her Majesty in right of the abbey of Roscommon, 3 4”; and belongeth to 
the Bishoprick of Elphin, 8 q"—Ballen Rossemyn, 4 q"—Beaghe, 1 q'—Sleight Grany 
ne Kellies land in Clain-Connor & Maghery Shiell Tirrelaghe, 22 q*—whereof be- 
longeth to the Queen in right of the abbey of Roscommon, 1 q‘; and to the Bishop- 
rick of Elphin, 1 q'—which in the whole within that barronie of Ballintober cometh 
to 372 q™*.—In the barronie of Roscommon, there is a quantity of land called the 

Clonties 


a The ‘Boundaries of Roscommon” have been 
found as follows : 

“ An Inquisition taken at Roscommon the 16th 
of July, 1607, before Sir Anthony St. Leger master 
of the Rolls, &c.—The Jury find ‘ That the county 
of Roscommon extendeth in length from Athlone to 
Lahaghnelahareebane, near and on this side Beallana- 
fadd, 33 miles, and in breadth from Beallaleige at 
the river of Sheanon to Owen-more near Coystullath 
(being the broadest place of the county) 16 miles. 
They find the true mears and bounds of the said 
county to begin eastward, at the middest of the 
bridge of Athlone, at the monument of Sir Henry 
Sydney, and so extendeth, southward as the river 
runneth to Clowneburren or Clowne M“ Knoyse, 

IRISH ARCH. SOC. 15. 


and so to Raghra where the river of Sucke going 
into the river of Sheanan, and so along the said river 
of Sucke to Carhyne, and from thence through the 
middle arche of the new bridge in the town of Bal- 
lanesloy, including the howse or castle of Ballane- 
sloy, and a small island between the howse and the 
middle streame which runneth under the saide bridge, 
and so to Bealaga, including the lands of Aghagad 
and Aghagowre, beyond the said river of Sucke, 
bounding on the county of Galwaye, extending for- 
ward to the brooke or streame of Owynbegg, and so 
forward, as the course of the stream runneth, to 
Downoman, where the streame . .. which meare falleth 
into the river of Sucke, agayn from thence alonge the 
said river to the bridge of Beallamoe, so to Bealla- 
22 


354 


Clonties of O'Connor Roe, otherwise called Cowrine M* Brenan, 72 g"; whereof belong 
to the Queen as of the abbey of Boyle, 4 y", as of the abbey of Conge, 4 48”, and to the 


earn, and forwarde to Ahalahanlare, from thence 
boundinge to Pollnaemoynge, where it includeth the 
said river of Sucke, and then, reteynninge the meare, 
extendinge weatwarde to the wood of Dowfle Derry, 
boundinge forwarde to Lahaghcogyry between the 
tuwe woodes of Bocalagh, on the gowthe in the 
county of Gallway, and Clowtilliffe on the northe, 
and ao extendeth through Lahagh Corboghill, be- 
tweene Slyewe I boyn and Twoymacroym, and for- 
warde through the middeste of a yreate bogie called 
Moanemore, and so alone to the streame of Clown- 
Irr on the northe, from thence it runneth through the 
middest of Iskermore, and forwarde to Leanieneshen- 
nah, and to Cloysassann. Then cuntynueth the 
meare to Leantagh Moynter...... bounding the 
next parte of my Lo. Bermingham’s cuuntrey, and 
a forward to the edye of Clonmurrishe, on the south 
side of Searrvenemoe, from thence to the river of 
Owyn-more on the northe, and so to the edge of 
Coystellagh, and fron thenee, through a brovke or 
streaine called Owynbeyy, extemling forwarde to 
Aha-Inellanleh, buttinge west and north west to 
Grallagh-Gurtyne Ruyneoalla, and see forwarde 
alone the meare runniace betweene Cnockbrack and 
Leivbballuroe, from thence to Abetwoskert on the 
nerthe northe west of the same, and so dyrectly to 
Lyevane Killtullagh, from thenee to the meare 
called Cleyahazerran and to Mannaghe-Attydveher, 
then holdingze the meare ta Chockanbane, amd for- 
warde to Bonshuekyn, and so along the meare of La- 
haghvarraneenyehen, and to Lahagh Leameenyehe, 
and Pulliagh, and Lahagh-ne-trye gyerv, and from 
thence to Cley Tomultagh, and still wet north- 
west to Tullagh, from thence to Portnetrynaspoyeke, 
Which in Enulish signetieth the meeting place of 
three Dushopps, for that the bounds of the archbu- 
shopricke of Tweame, the buishopprick of Elphinn, 
and the buishopprick of Acheonry doe meete in one, 
ane from Portuetrvenayspeyck along the river be- 


Bishoprick 
tweene Turlaghganyne and Urrye, and so to... . . 
an from thence to the river of Beallament, and so 
through Kyelmoana, and southward of Clo... from 
thence through the..... Coyll, and to the forde ar 
Killmayne, and from thence as the streame runneth 
to Beallacrannan, and conteynninge the said... 
on to [llane Enehbrack, from thence to the pace 4 
Balluhfearma, and so through the bogg to the maare 
betweene.. .... and Annackallamore, and through 
the mayne boggy called Cryeragh-lane, and w sa 
Lyasiane on the easte, and boundinge forward akag 
see to Beallamota, and through the bugy to Car- 
raguinore, and from thence through the bugge west- 
ward to Rahatra, and so includinge the loghe of Ra- 
hotra to the meare of Slewroe, and from thence to 
Claysh Cloynogoynan, and so northward to Lugh I 
sara. and comeinye oute of the said ligh to the meare 
that boundeth the fvve townes of the Rann, being 
parte of the county of Sligo, and holdinge the same 
meare still runneth to Munhiniewohter. and ao 
through the bug to, Laghanbuy, from thence to 
Srowhan-Cley-ne-purtloycke, and s) tu Anibes 
and to Boher Lyssertree, extendinge to Lechabamb- 
Willa, and crossing, over the river leadeth dyrectiie & 
Dutlehe and Owyn-roe-bambrislagh, and soe cruse- 
ine the mountayne of Corlewe math to Lahogh .. . 
and from thence to the streame which devydeth or. 
boundeth the towne of Ballymullany inte two muv- 
ties, whereof one parte is included in the said connty 
of Roscommon and the other parte in the county a 
Slygee, and so to Srowhane-Killpeglearath, in- 
cluding Killicketreanna, buttinge w Bealla-Inreashke, 
alone one meare to Aylle Cony and to Tullagh- 
Imac, and from thence to Begmony in Duff Car- 
ricke onthe... . Ballvyneglearath, and then inte the 
mnidest of Loghayilen, and from thence into the river 
of Sheanon, boundeth the county of Leotrym fra the 
county of Roscommon, and a alunye the said river 
into Loghry., wheare it ineludeth..... and Clay 


355 


Bishoprick of Elphine, 2 q™—also in Cowerine Tuilske, there is a quantity of land 
called Sleight Phelyme Cleary, 26 q™; whereof belongeth to the Queene in right of 
the abbey of Tuilsk, 2 q", and to the Bishoprick of Elphin, 4 q”—also Clanartie, 
28 q™, whereof belongeth to the Queen in right of the abbey of Tuilsk, 1 q’, in right 
of the abbey of Knockmoy, 4 4”, and of Trinity abbey in Loughkee, 1 4”; also there 
belongeth thereof to the deanery of Elphine, 24 q*—also Coverine Hanegan, 43 4”; 
whereof belongeth to the archbishop of Tweame, 2 q™; to the Bishoprick of Elphin, 
to 4”, and to the deanery of same, I q’—Tyrevrune-oghtraghe 31 q”, whereof 
belongeth to the Queen in right of the abbey of Boyle, 2 q”, to the Archbishoprick 
of Tweame, 2 q™, to the Bishoprick of Elphin, 1 q’—also Cowerine sleight O’Conor 
Roe, 10 q"—Sleight Phelim Ffenn, 6 q™, Sleight Cahall duffe, 14 q™; which in the 
whole within that Barronie cometh to 216 q™.—In the Barony of Boylle otherwise 
Moylurge, there is a quantity of land called Ardagh, 68 q™, whereof belongeth to the 
Queen in right of the Abbey of Clonshanville, 2 q™, to the Bishoprick of Elphin, as is 
said, 6 q™, and to Theobald Dillon, 28 q*—also the abbey of Boyle, 27 q™, which 
belongeth to her Majesty in right of the said abbey—also the Trinytie abbey, 6 da”, 
belonging to her Majestie in right of the same—also the abbey of Inshevickrynie, 3 
q™, belong” to her Majestie in right of the said Abbey—also Cowrine Bryan M° Dyer- 
mod, 68 q™-—Claynecahill, 36 q"—Tyrehovill and Kilty Connogher, 32 q"—also 
Kilbrenan, 4 4”, belong* to Her Majestie in right of the Trynitye abbey aforessid— 
Ballyneheale, 4 q", belong” to the Bishoprick of Elphine—Cowerine ne tasce, 44 q”, 
whereof 4 q” belongeth to the Bishoprick of Elphin—also Ifertnawe, 1 q’, belonging 
to the Queen in right of the Trinitie abbey—also Kilnemannagh, 2 q™, belong® to the 
Bishoprick of Elphin—Lisseogivoge, 4 q'—Creavollan 4 g'—which in the whole 
within that barronie cometh to 296 q™.—Also in the same Baronie there is a quantity 
of land called the Rannae, 15 q™—also there is a quantity of land in the above named 


barronie 


Inch, and from thence falleth into the river of Shea- | whereof inhabited 90 q™, free 45 q™, waste 801 


non agayne—and soe to the said bridge of... . 

“ Item, they finde alsoe, that the said county con- 
sisteth of fower barronyes and an halfe, viz. Athlone 
consisteth of 2704 q™, whereof are inhabited 124, 
free by the composition 12, waste 1844.—The bar- 
rony of Rosscommon consisteth of 271 q™, whereof 
inhabited 115, free 8, waste 1484.— The lordship of 
Roscommon consisteth of 504 q™, whereof inhabited, 
save the freedom, nihil, free 28 q™, waste 274 q™.— 
The barony of Ballyntobber consisteth of 486 da“, 


q™.—The barrony of Boyle alias Moylagh (Moy- 
larg) consisteth of 844 q™, whereof inhabitted 894 
ga”, free 44 da", waste 210} q'.—The half barony of 
-... consisteth of 28 q™, whereof inhabited 94 4”, 
free 18 q™, waste.... The number of q™ in the 
said county, inhabyted, free, and waste, are 1400 a": 
whereof inhabitted at this instant 4274 a”, free in 
all 145 q'*, waste in all 8274 q™.”—Orig. Inquis. 
Rolls Off. 


272 


356 


harronie of Ballentobber, called Karraw Revgh, Carrow Entaloghan, Carrowentobber. 
Carrow-Beallagh Kylly, and $ a g'in Killester, consisting in the whole of 444”: 
whereof belongeth to the deanery of Elphine 4 q'; all which being drawne into one 
total, cometh tu the aforesaid number of go5 q”. 

é The said lords, chieftains, & acknowledging the manifold benefits and easements 
they finde in possessinge of their lands and goods, since the peaceable government ut 
the said Lord Deputie, and the just dealinges of Sir Richard Binghame Kat. dee 
grant to the Queens most excellent Majestie, her heirs and successors for ever, one yearlie 
rent-charge of tenn shillings, good and lawful money of England guinge out of every 
4”, and for lacke of money the thresurer or generall Receiver to receive kyne to the 
value of the said rente. And further do covenant to aunswere & beare 30 good hable 
horsemen, and 30 footmen well armed, with carriage and victualls, to all hostings, 
roodes and journies within the said province of Connaught and Thomond; and to good 
hable horsemen and 40 footmen well armed, to all general hostings proclaimed in this 
realme. 

* The said Lo. Deputie for & in the behalfe of the Queene’s Majesty doth covenant, 
promise, grant and agree that the above named Hugh O’Connor dune, for his better 
maintenance, and in recompence of such customarie duties, exactions and cuttings as 
he pretended to have of (’Birne, O?Hanlie, O’Filynne, and other freeholders of the 
said barronie of Ballintobber, shall have, by letters patent, to him and his heirs, not 
only the castle of Ballintobber, and all other castles and landes as belonge to the name 
and callinge of O'Connor dune, but also such lands and castles as he is now justlie 
seized of as his inheritance, to ran in succession to him and his heirs, by course and 
order of the laws of England; and also shall have 7 ag" of land free, as a demayne to his 
said castle of Ballyntobber. 

é That Teige oge O'Connor, for his better maintenance of living, and also in recom- 
pense of such customarie duties, exaccons and spendings as he pretended to have of 
(YFlanegan, M* Brenan, and other freeholders of said barronie of Roscommon, shall 
have by letters patent to him and his heirs, not only the castle of Bellnemully, and all 
such other castles and lands as belong to the name and calling of O'Connor roe, and as 
he is now seised of his inheritance; and also 4 q™ free, as a demayne to said castle of 
Bealnemully. 

s That Bryen M' Dermod for his better maintinanee of living, and also in re 
compence of such customarie duties, exaccons and spendings as he pretended to have 
of M° Dermod roe, and other trecholders in the barronie of Boyle, shall have by letters 
patents, not only the castles of Carrick M' Dermod, and all such other castles and lands 
as belong to the name and calling of M' Dermod: hut also all such as he is now entitled 


Ma 


357 


as his inheritance, to run in succession from him to his heirs, by course and order of the 
laws of England; and also 4 q™ free, as a demayne to his castle of Carrick M' Dermod. 

“ That Hu. M° Tirrelagh roe of Clonybirne shall have and take by letters patents, 
not only all such castles and lands as belong to the name and calling of Tanestship of 
O’Conor roe, but also all such as he is now seized of as his inheritance; and also 4 q™ 
free as a demayne to his castle of Clonibirne. 

“ That Carbrie O’Birne of the Dingine shall have, by letters patents, all such 
lands as belong to the name of O’Birn, for life, with remainder to Dawghe O’Birne of 
Dowen. 

“ That Doualtaghe O’Conor of Bracklowne shall have 2 quarters free, adjoining his 
castle of Brakelowne in the baronie of Ballintobber. 

‘“* That Connor oge M° Dermod shall have 2 q™ free, as a demayne to his house or 
towne of Incheaghochar. 

“é That the house or manor of Roscommon shall have 23 q™ of land free; whereof 4 
q” of Greene O’Molloye’s farme to be parcell. And that the house or manor of Boyle 
shall have 20 ga” free. 

é That Sir Tho’ le Strange shall have 6 q™ free, as a demayne to his house or towne 
of Derran in the baronie of Roscommon. 

é That John Crofton shall have 6 q™ free, as a demayne to his house and castle of 
Castlebragade, alias Canvoe in the barronie of Boyle. 

é“ That Edward White shall have 4 q™ free, as a demayne to his castle or house of 
Ballenderie, in the barronie of Ballintobber. 

“é That William Clifford shall have 4 q™ free, as a demayne to his house or town of 
the calae, in the barronie of Boyle. 

“ That Theobald Dillon shall have 6 q™ free, viz. Carrowe-Ryogh, 1 g' in the 
barony of Ballintobber, and 4 q™ in Bally M*° Moroghe and Bally-ne-Shie in the baronie 
of Boyle, as a demayne to his castle and mannor of Bynfaddae in the county of Mayo. 

“é That Mylles Cavanaghe shall have 2 q™ free, as a demayne to his castle of New- 
towne in the baronie of Roscommon. 

“ That Patrick Morgan of Artaghe shall have 4 q™ free, as a demayne to his house 
or towne of Ballyneaden in the Barronie of Boyle. 

“And, for as much as the meaner sorte of the freeholders, viz. of M* Dermode, 
O’Conor Roe, and O’Conor Done’s countries, shall be greatlie burdened by this com- 
position, if the petty lords and captains next above them be allowed to take such 
rents and duties, as they pretend to belong to the sayd petty captainshipps; for 
remedy whereof it is condescended, concluded, and agreed, that the above named 
O’Berne, O’Hanlie, O’Fflanagan, O’Fflinne, M* Breanan and M* Dermod Roe, and all 

others 


358 


others of that callinge, shall have by letters patents, all such castles and lands as 
belongeth to the name and callinge of O’Birne, O’Hanlie, O’Fflanagan, O’Fflinne. 
M° Breanan and M° Dermod Roe, and after the decease of every of them now living, 
the aforesaid rents shall from thenceforth be utterlie determined & extinguished for 
ever.—IN WITNESSE whercof the aforesaid Lords, chieftains &* have hereunto put 
their seales, and subscribed their names this 3™ day of October, Anno Domini 16885. 
“ W. TuaMen.—Connork OGE.——()'CONNOR ROog.—CoLLo O’Frrorsz— 
JOHN CRAFTON.—Ron’. NUGENT.—T TEIG M* DERMoTT.—CAHALL OGE 
M° Mc_rony.—FERR«aLL M*‘ DERMop.—O’Hanty.—Owen Grase 
Mutrony M* DERMOTT.— THO. Ditton.—Bryan O’FrLanicax.— 
We. CLIFFORD.—JOHN BIRTSHALL.——TURLAGH MM" Swiwe.—Car. 
O’Birn.—Bryan M* DIARvop.—Hu. O’Connor M* Tretacs Rog.” 


XI. 
“Com, Clare & Thomond. 

“ Índenture made betwixt the Right Honorable Sir John Perrott Knight, & of 
the one partie, and the Lords spiritual] and temporall, chicftaines, gent. &“ of that 
part of the province of Connaught called Thomond, that is to say, Donogh Earle of 
Thomond—Murrough lord baron of Inchiequin—The Reverend fathers in God, Mav- 
ricius Bishopp of Kylalowe—Daniell clect bishop of Kyllffynnoraghe—Donogh 
©’ Horane, dean of Kyllalow—Duniell Shennaghe, deane of Kyllfinoraghe — Denis, areh- 
deacon of the same—Sir Edward Waterhouse of Downassee, knt.—Sir Tyrrelagh 
O’Brien of Ennestyvey, knt.—John M“ nemara of Knappock, otherwise called M' Ne- 
marra of Westcloncullun—Donell Reagh M* Nemarragh of Garrowelagh, otherwise 
called M* Nemarraghe of Easte Cloncullun—Teige M‘ Mahoune of Clondcrralae, other- 
wise called M* Mahoun of Castle Corkowaskin—Tyrrelaghe M* Mahoune of Moyurtye. 
chief of his name in Weste Corkowaskin—Moriertagh O’Brien of Dromeleyne, gen— 
Mahowne O Brien of Clondewan, gen.—Owny O’Laughleine of the Gragans, otherwise 
called O'Laughlene—Rosse O*Laughlin of Glancollum-Kylliec, tanest to the same 
’Laghlen—Mahone and Dermott O’Dae of Tullaghadae, chieffe of their names— 
Connor Mac Gilreoghe of Cragbreane, chicffe of his name—Tyrrelaghe Mac Teig 
O’Brien of Beallacorege, gen.—Luke Bradey sonne and heire of the late bishopp of 
Meath—Edward White of the Crattelagh, gen.—George Cusacke of Dromoylen, gen.— 
Boetius Clanchie of Knockfynney, gen.—John M* Nemara of the Moetullen, gen— 
Henry O'Grady of the iland of Inchecronan, gen.—Donnogh M* Clanchie of the Urlica, 
chieffe of his name—Donnogh Garrazhe O'Brien of Ballecessye, gen. —Connor O’Brien 
of Curharcorcae, gen.—and George Fanninge of Limerick, merchant, of the other parte.” 


This 


359 
This Indenture bears date the 17th August, 1585. For its contents, the reader is 
referred to the original record. The following letter of Queen Eliz. in favour of 


Connor earl of Thomond, A.D. 1577, taken from the original roll, may be found 
useful by the future topographer of this interesting district: 


“ Klizabeth R. By the Queen. 

“ Right trusty and right well beloved Counsellor, we grete you well. And 
whereas, our right trusty and right welbeloved Cousin, Connoher, Earl of Thomond, 
hath here of late, made humble suit unto us, as well for our confirmation of all such 
letters patents, as he either passed from the king our father of famous memory, or from 
our dear brother king Edw. vi., or from us, that might concern his father’s creation or 
state of his earldom, or himself and his succession, or for assurance of any lands to him 
in possession, reversion or remainder, in which part he hath also besought us, that his 
son Donnoghe, now Baron of Ibrackan, and brought up here in our Court might be 
nominated by us in the remainder of his Earldom, altho’ the same be not needful 
if he be his lawful and eldest son. We have, in consideration of the dutiful mind 
the said earl pretends to bear to us and our said service, not only consented that, for 
his better contentation, such a confirmation shall pass under our great seall of this 
our Realm of England, including all the benefits of his other particularities concerning 
such petitions as he hath exhibitted here to us and our Council, wherein albeit we 
declare our opinion or disposition unto you upon every of his said suits, yet we refer 
to your consideration the manner of our grants, to pass under our seale there, and to 
be limitted as you shall think convenient for our service and his reasonable relief. 
Further, where our said Cousin hath desired, for the better maintenance of his estate, 
to have freedom from cesse on all his own lands within the county of Thomond, which 
he saies are comprised in eight baronies, besides the barony of Ibreckan, and pretend- 
ing an ancient freedom in the said whole barony of Ibreckan, desires the like in the 
rest, or at the least in some of the other baronies, and hath shewed forth here an 
exemption or freedom for certain plowlands, granted unto him from Sir W™ Drury 
knt. now president in Munster, in certain of his said baronies. We have thought 
good, for the respect before named, to agree that he shou’d take, during his life, the 
freedom of the plowlands so set down by our president, with such commodities in the 
same grant made by our said President, and in like manner the freedom of Ibreckan 
with like conditions, if it shall be by you thought meet; and for the rest, do refer to 
you to be considered of as you shall think most convenient of, for the estate of the 
country and our services. 

“ Secondly, where the said earl pretends an ancient government, by way of com- 
mandment, over the freeholders within Thomonde, especially in making of surnames, 
and 


360 


and after the decease of the chief of every name, to allow the next captain or successor, 
which he saies hath been heretofore beneficial and profitable to him and to his ances- 
tors, that were captains of that country; which custom he either prays may continue 
in him, or else for his relief, if the land be or shalbe brought to an ordinary succession 
of inheritance, as were to be wished both there and in the rest of the Irishrie, that the 
Wardships of their heirs may be at his disposition, as his heir, by his Tenure, ought 
to be Ward unto us; wherein as we cou’d be contented, if you think it so good, that 
he had some such preheminenee and profit in the meaner freeholders within his 
Country, in nature of a relief, upon the death or charges of the tenants, forseying that 
certain choice persons be exempted, both because we find the discommodyties in other 
parts of Munster, where principal men do depend upon such Capital men as he is, and 
also because those principal treeholders in Thomond might not conceive discontenta- 
tion by our grant of their tenures to the Earl, but rather that they might be induced 
to surrender their lands, ande have Estates of Inheritance again from us, so as they 
may hold, some of our Crown in Capite, and some by Knight’s service; so for these 
respects, and some other inconveniencies that may perhaps appear unto you, to think 
such a large grant, unmete, we have thought fit to commit the whole to your consi- 
deration, letting you notwithstanding to know, that unless you see the incunveniency 
very great, we wou'd be content, in respect as well of the good opinion we have of his 
loyalty towards us, as of the meanesse of his estate and hability to maintain the 
countenance of the degree whereunto he is called, without such helps, having nu great 
quantity of land or rent to muintain his estate withall, that he shou’d receive some 
such relief from the said trecholders, frum whom his ancestors when they were cap- 
taines of that country, had, as we be informed, their whole maintenance from the said 
frecholders, as his poor estate might be thereby relieved, and yet our service not 
sreatly hindered. 

s Thirdly, He hath alleged, that great sums of money are due to him and to the 
inhabitants of Thomond by us. for Cesses reased there by the several Warrants of 
yourself, our late deputy Sir William Fitz-Wilhams, Sir Edward Fytton and Sir 
William Drurye, during the several Governments of you and them, which sums the 
inhabitants have substituted him te receive as he sates, and offers to prove that great 
sums thereby are due to him and to his country, by the lack whereof’ he allegeth them 
to le greatly impoverished ; Wherein, for that we cannot here allow any sufficient 
proof of the delivery of the Cesses assigned to be paid, or of warrants or command. 
ments of Cesses to any great value, we have thought it convenient that yeu be 
informed by him hereof, and thereupon cause due Inquiry to be made concerning the 
suid Cesses, how they have been levied, te whose huuds they have come, and what 


defalcation 


361 


defalcation hath been made upon the wages of such as have received those beofes and 
other Cesses, to the end that the ordinary prices heretofore by prerogative answerable 
for the same, may be satisfied to the said Earl, and to the people in his country, by 
such as ought to allow it upon their entertainments; and in the mean time we have 
thought good to lend unto him the sum of £200, which sum, upon sufficient proofs 
to be produced by him, must be repaid unto us, either upon the entertainments of 
such as have received the said Cesses, or, for lack of due proof, to be repaid by him- 
self, which he has promised to do; the manner whereof, and how it might most duly 
to be answered, we refer to your good opinion and order. 

“Fourthly, He desires, that the Customes of Clare and Clanrode may continue in 
him, as in his ancestors, which because, as we are informed, they be but certain small 
privileges, whereof the like are due to many castles in Ireland, upon merchandizes 
of wine and ale brought from our porte townes to those castles, we think it not 
amiss that the same be granted unto him, if you shall find it a matter of no more 
importance than by his information it appears unto us, and so as thereby our customs 
and imposts due in these ports be not diminished. 

“ Fifthly, he desires, that the Bonnaght of the Galloglas that have been accustom- 
ably paid out of his own proper lands, may be reserved to himself, now that the Gal- 
loglas are discontinued as he informs us; and because that we conceive that the Bon- 
naght was a cesse of victuals reased universally upon the whole country of Thomond, 
for the wages of the Galloglas according to the number of the sparres, whereof part 
was reazed upon the possessions now in the earl’s hands, and part upon the lands of 
the freeholders, we are contented that so much of that Bonnaght as hath been leviable 
upon the earl’s particular and proper lands shall be remitted to him, as in suspence 
whilst the service of that Galloglas shall cease, if you our deputy shall know no cause 
to the contrary. 

“ Sixthly, whereas it appears, by the grant of the king, our father, of noble 
memory, King Henry viii., that he (the Earl) is possessed of the moiety of the abbey of 
Clare, he prays to have the other moiety also, yet in our hands, with the territories 
of Ince and Cohenny, the chantries of Termen-Shenin, Termin-Tolloughe, Termon- 
Mynough, and Termon-Skenoway, we are well pleased, that upon a survey to be made 
thereof by our surveyor of our said Realm, he shall have an estate of all the said Abbey 
lands, frieries & chantries to him and the heirs males of his body, reserving to us such 
a rent as by the survey shall be allotted, and that with as convenient speed as the 
said survey may be made, and certified to you under the hand of our said officer. 

é Lastly, he desires the island of Innescartts upon pretence that he wou’d convert 
it to a Fyshe-Towne; nevertheless, because we suppose it to be within the river of 

IRISH ARCH, SOC. 15. 3A Shennyn 


362 


Shennyn, and of some importance to the city of Limerick, we have thought goud to be 
advertised therein, and, therefore, require to be informed from you touching the situs 
tion and importance of the place, with the quantity of ground and value to be letten; 
upon which certificate we shall give him further answer. And for the rest of the 
articles do refer them to you, to make grants and estates to him under our great seal, 
either during his life or during pleasure, or to him and his heirs males of his body, in 
such sort as the former part of this our letter hath directed you, either absolutely or 
in discretion. For doing whereof this shalbe sufficient warrant, as well to you. as to 
our Chancellor or Keeper of the great seal for the time being, for the sealing and 
delivery hereof. Given under our signet at our Castle of Wyndesor, the 7" day of 
October, 1577, in the 1g™ year of our reign. 

“To our right trusty and well beloved Counsellor, Sir Henry Sidney, 
knight of our order, and deputy of our Realme of Ireland, and to our 
trusty and right well beloved William Gerrard, esq. our Chancellor 
there, and to every other our Officers and ministers there for the time 
being, to whom in this case it shall appertain.”—(20° Eliz. d. r. an. j— 
Orig. Roll 


IT. 


The annexed Pedigrees of the ancient tribe of duine Murchadha of Moy Seola, 
and O°Flaherties of lur-Connaught, have been compiled by the ablest Irish genealo- 
mists of latter tines; Cugocry O'Clery (one of the Annalists called the Four Masters), 
Duald Mac Firbis of Lecane, and Roger O*Ferrall, an Irish antiquary, whose © Liwma 
ANTIQUA’ is now preserved in the Office of Arms, Dublin, where it is considered of 
high authority. It has been Judged necessary to give these three geneulogics entire, in 
order to enable the reader curious in such matters, te reconcile the chronology. and 
some few diserepancies which oceur in the carly generations, a task which the limits 
of these pages preclude us from attempting. Tt will be seen that O'Clery confines 
himself to the Western O*Flaherties, as the chief line. Mae Firbis, aided probably 
by his pupil, our author, Roderick O'Flaherty, gives the three great stocks of Balli- 
nahinech, Aghnenure, and Moyeullen, with some of the correlative branches. O'Ferrail 
omits the Moyeullen family altogether. Mae Firbis, in his abstract of A. D. 1666, 
preserved in the library of the Royal Trish Academy, states, in accordance with the 
Book of Ballymote, fol. gá that Morogh (Gen. table HE. no. 17), from whom the tribe took 
Its name, hada second son, "" Urrumhan, who had six suns, viz, 1. Donnell, from whos 
descended the O'Dennells of Ardrath : 2. Laighidh, trom whom the O’Lees of Hy- 


Brian 


363 


Briuin Scola ; 3. Ceallach, from whom the Mac Kilkelly’s of the same ; 4, Clercean, 
from whom (according to Lib. Ballymote, ut supra) the O’Clerchean; 5. Maol-na 
n-gall, from whom the family of that name; and 6. Flaithbhertach, from whom the 
O’Flaherties. From the latter also sprung the Clan Donogh (now Mac Donogh), Clan 
Connor, & Clann Mac Dermod duff of Iar-Connaught.” Mac Firbis, in his larger 
work, has given the following branch, viz. “ Rory of Aghnenure in Gnomore, 
father of Morogh, father of Edmond, Teige, Aodh, Rory, Murcertach, Brian, and 
Donnell,” but not having connected it with any of the other lines, it could not there- 
fore be abstracted. His table ends at No. 38; but the two descents have been continued 
to the present time, from family documents, tradition, and information given by 
the late Talbot O’Flaherty, Esq., (Gen. table II. no. 42,) and other members of the 
family. Tradition relates that two brothers of the Sliocht Eoghan race, Donnell and 
Brian, emigrated to Dingle (Daingin Ui Chuis), in the County of Kerry, where their 
posterity still continue respectable. A learned member of this branch, John T. 
O'Flaherty, Esq., was author of “ The History and Antiquities of the Southern Islands 
of Arran, lying off the West Coast of Ireland,” printed in the Transactions of the 
Royal Irish Academy, vol. xiv. 

The armorial bearings of the O’Flaherty family are, Argent, two lions counter- 
rampant, supporting a dexter hand, couped at the wrist, gules: in base, an antique 
galley, oars in action, sable-—Crest, on a helmet and wreath of its colours, a lizard, 
passant, vert*.—Supporters, on the dexter, a lion, gules, argent, armed and langued, 
azure ; on the sinister, a griffin, argent, armed and langued, gules.—Motto, ‘“‘ Fortuna 
favet fortibus.” 


The 


a This crest, according to tradition, was chosen 
from the following incident: In days of yore, one of 
the chiefs of the O’F laherties, retreating from his ene- 
mies, was overcome by fatigue, and taking advantage 
of a sequestered spot to rest himself, he fell fast asleep. 
His pursuers were close approaching, when a lizard, 
a creature said to be friendly to man, by running up 
and down his face and neck, and gently scraping and 
tickling with its nails, at length awoke the chief in 
sufficient time to enable him to effect his escape. But 
the latter part of the story may be better told in 
the words of Erasmus :—‘ Circumcursat per col- 
lui et faciem hominis: nec finem facit, donec pru- 
ritu scalptuque unguium excitetur. Porro qui ex- 
pergiscitur, conspecta in propinquo lacertá; mox 


intelligit hostem alicubi esse in insidiis”.—Erasm. 
Col. Amicitia. As usual, the tradition assigns no 
date ; but that may be supplied from the Gen. Table, 
II., where the agnomen of Amhaladh (Awley), 
viz., Earclasaigh, signifies an eft or lizard. This 
refers to the seventh century. Our eccentric his- 
torian Taaffe, Ireland, vol. i. p. 556, Dub. Ed. 1809, 
states that he had read inan old vellum MS., to which 
he gives no reference, ‘‘ Concerning the migration of 
the Hy-m-Briuin tribe towards the Shannon. They 
divided themselves into three columns, the standard 
of each was a serpent of burnished gold.” Whatever 
credit this may be entitled to, it would appear from 
Mac Curtin’s English-Irish Dictionary, voce Lizard, 
that the serpent and the lizard bear the same name 


3A2 


364 


The length to which the foregoing annotations have extended, renders it necessary 
to confine the remainder of this Appendix to a brief detail of the principal transac- 
tions of Iar-Connaught, as related in our annals; with passing notices of its ancient 
chieftains, merely as an illustration of the annexed genealogical tables. This detail 
will be authenticated by several original documents, never before published ; and 
some of these may possibly be considered interesting even beyond the limits to whick 
they relate. Indeed, the narrative, if such it can be called, is itself principally intended 
as a medium for the preservation of those local evidences, many of which, it omitted 
here, might long remain unexplored, or probably be lost for ever. 

Duach Teangumha’, named in the annexed pedigrees, who has been by some calied 
the third Christian king of Connaught, was the seventh in descent frum Eochaidh 
Muighmheadhoin, great ancestor of the Muinter Murchadha, or O’Flaherties. This 
prince was slain in the battle of Seaghsa, near Coran, in the present County of Sligo, 
A. D. 500°, in which battle Murchertach, the son of Erca, monarch of Ireland, was 
Duach’s deseendants, Cinnfaela, son of Colgan, fell in the battle of Eastern 
Seola, A. D. 653°. From this Cinnthaola descended Morogh, or Murchadh, son cf 
Maonach’, who died A. D. 891% From him was derived the tribe-name of the O'Fle 
herties, and their correlatives, i. e. the Muintir Murchadha". At this period, and for 
many ages after, this tribe dwelt to the east of the great lake Orbsen, now Lough Corrib, 
on the fertile plains of Moy Seola, which now form the harony of Clare, but which 
anciently included the district surrounding the present town of Galway, east of the 
In the Annals, the tribe is indiscriminately called Muintir Murchadha, and 
Their territory is also distinguished from 

that 


victor. 


river. 
Hy-Briuin Seola, for several generations. 


m the Irish langiace. 

"es Duachus Jiague aris dicitur, forsan a tuba 
wrea, JEre ciere vires Martemque aceemlere canta 
(Conor, Reram, Hib, Script. “Ínnal. Tig.. p. 12ú. n. 
5. The ancient, and certainly more pleasing signitiea- 
tien of the name, is thús given by Mae Firbis: — 
*Ouac Teanzumu . ap binne auplab- 
pad ao-bepr ancainm pin pop, ucop nin 
Hinne ceol cnoc ma zac focal udó rt, 
Duachos Teanzumha was so named from the aweert- 
neswof his veiee: for the musie of the harp was not 
sweeter than the sound of his words" —p. 214, 

' Annal Tic. aid an. & Four Masters, ALD. 1595, 
All. ir Annatists differ, more er less from the com- 


men ora: tat their dates will be oleerved in this 


aketch, except where they may be found materially 
to affeet any facts It is essential, however, fre the 
purposes af Irish history, that their chr nology sheald 
be accurately adjusted. As a proof of this, oe 
ante, pp. 12N -9. for this Duach. 

V See the annexed Genealogical Table. 18. Ne 1. 

© Tig. (49: Four Masters, 692. 

fGen. Table, TE ne. 16, 17. 

= Four Masters, The Annals of Innisfallen sed 
his death in A. D. 882, and call him "King of Ier- 
Connaught.” 

" Gen, Palle, T1. The Four Masters, at A. D. 906, 
recom the death of Cleinchin, son of Murchad or We- 
resh, prince of Hy-Iiriuin Seola; but his name dere 
net oappearin the Gen. Tables. 


365 


that extending westward from the lake, which was known by the names of Dealbhna 
Feadha or Tire da Loch, i. e. the Dealbhna, or Delvin of the country of the two lakes, 
(called also Gnomore and Gnobeg, lying between Lough Orbsen and Lough Lurgan, 
or the Bay of Galway), and Conmhaicne-mara now anglicised Connamara, or the Sea 
Conmhaicne, bordering on the Atlantic ocean. The Muintir Murchadha are thus 
described by O’Dugan, in his topographical poem before quoted, which refers to 
the twelfth century: 

Clann Muncaoa on muipre ancaigz, 

Ag muincip laino Flarebeaprang. 

Teiched ne na ngleo oleaghan 

leo peitem na Brionnchalaod. 


Clan Murchadha of the amiable mansions 
Had the warlike O’F laherties'. 

To flee from their onset is meet; 

To them belongs the watching of the fair 

harbours. . 

In A.D. 923, it is recorded that the people of Conmhaicne-mara slew the Danish 
chieftain Tomrar, the son of Tomralt. It appears that about the same time the Danes 
made several predatory incursions into the west of Connaught. In A. D. 927, a party of 
these invaders, from Limerick, seized upon Lough Orbsen, and destroyed its islands, 
but they were soon after defeated, with considerable slaughter, by the Connacians’. 
Murchadh, king of the Hy-Briuin, died soon after ; and his son Archad, or Urchada, 
who was styled Lord of Iar-Connaught, died in A.D. 943". It may be necessary here 
to observe, that the chiefs of the Muintir Murchadha were frequently, as in the present 
instance, styled in the Annals, lords of Iar or Western Connaught, which, I conjec- 
ture, meant only their native inheritance of Moy-Seola, and not the territories west 
of Lough Orbsen, which, at the time last alluded to, and for centuries after, were 
under the rule of their own hereditary chieftains’. It was not until the thirteenth 
century that those districts, now properly called Iar-Connaught, fell under the 
power of the O’Flaherties, as will appear in the sequel. The foregoing conjecture 

appears 
Archad dearg, King or Lord of West Connaught, 
had two daughters, one of whom was mother of the 
celebrated Brian Borumha, Monarch of Ireland ; the 
other of Tavs an cup, King of Connaught, 


i See ante, pp. 93, 145, 253, for the other districts 
beyond the lake and their chiefs, as mentioned by 
"Dugan. O’Cadain (0'Kyne), O’Oopcaba 


(O' Dorchy or Darcy), and O’Sonmos ( O’ Gor- 
moge), were the ancient rulers of Partraighe an t- 
sleibhe, or Partry of the mountain ; now the barony 
of Ross, sometiines called Duthaidh Seoigheach, or 
Joyce's country, and for which see ante, p. 246. 

jFour Masters.—In the Chronicon Scotorum, this 
slaughter is assigned to A. D. 930. 

k Gen. Table, no. 17,18. This Urchada, also called 


ancestor of the O’Conors. See the annexed Pedi- 
gree, III., and Keating, A. D. 1027; where we are 
told that Brian's mother was the offspring of the 
prayers of the saints and clergy. “' Oo pein an 
c-Seancurp, If bo Zulde naom 7 cleipe bo 
tainig mactain Ohmain Gopoime.” 

See last note !. 


366 


appears borne out by the same annalists, who, when recording the death of Donnchadk. 
son of Murchadh, already noticed, A. D. 959, style him lord of Hy-Briuin Seola only". 
Towards the close of this century, a fortiticd residence in Moy-Seola, probably that 
of its chicfs, was destroyed in a great storm"; soon after which ** Maelcereda. King of 
the Hy-Briuin Seolu®,”’ and ** Muredhach, son of Cadhla, king of Conmaicne-mars’,” 
died. About this time Brian Boroimhe, son of Kennedy, King of Munster, dispatched 
a body of forces to Iar-Connaught, which committed great depredations. On this 
occasion Muireadheach (or Murray), son of Conor, King of Connaught, Donnell, son of 
Rudhraidh or Roderick, son of Cosgrach, presumptive heir to the principality 
Tar-Connaught, and others of its nobles, were slain‘. 

Connaught was at this time harassed by internal wars and dissensions. About 
the beginning of the eleventh century the O’Conors, of the Sil Murray race, made 
hostile ineursions into the western districts of the province, where they sought 
to establish themselves in several localities, some of which they succeeded in wresting. 
fora time, from the ancient possessors. Among the Irish chieftains, even to a late 
period, it was considered a sacred duty which they owed themselves and their ances- 
tors to preserve their rights and hereditary possessions inviolate and entire against al! 
ageressors 5 hence these encroachments of the O’Conurs occasioned violent disputes 
and conflicts between them and the Muintir Murchadha or O*Flaherties, which 
continued for more than a century after this period. ‘To similar territurial aggressions 
may be attributed many of the unexplained local outrages which stain our annals, 

In A. D. toit, the prince of the Muintir Murchadha and Murtagh O’Cadhla, chief 
of Conmbhaiene-mara, jomed the standard of Brian Borumha, and beth fell in the 


celebrated 


e 

" Four Masters. See those Annals, at A.D. 071, 
for the devastations committed in Connaught by 
Murcha O'Flaherty, i.e. Glunillar, King of Aileach. 
Care must here be taken not to confound the O'FTa- 
herties of Connanucht with those of the same name in 
the North of Ireland, who were of the IIv- Niall race. 
In A. D. bon, Flaherty O'Flaherty, of this family, 
was prior ef Dunsiven, in the present county of 
Derry.- Four Masters. The descendants of the name 
incnow invariably called Latlerty or Laverty, in the 
Nerth of Ireland, where they were numerous. 

This is related by the Four Masters, as follows: 
“ALD. ane, Cngaet vo plocud Inpt loco 
Cimbe co hobanr in con uamp, con a- 
DNEIC agu ponnac, .1. mucar mpargzeod. 


A great wind swallowed the island of Lough Hime 
suddenly in one hair, with its habitation and dr- 
cular wall. which was thirty feet” This lake is nu 
called Louch Hackett. It is situate in the countr 
of Galway, between the towns of Headford and 
Shruct. 

° Tigermach, ad an. 04.— Maolcarerd, Four Maa. 
A. D. 9003. 

P Ann. Ini-f.. by Doctor O'Conar, at A. 2. 993. 

See the " Annals of Innisfallen,” compiled by 
John Conry, and preserved in the Library of Tre 
nity. Colleges Dublin, at A.D. Sn. These Ap 
nals are of modern compilation: and their chron 
Togs Varies considerably from the common era, par- 
theularly about this period. 


367 


celebrated battle of Clontarf". Muiredhach O'Flaherty was slain by the Connacians’, 
and his son Murchadh soon after died‘. The island of Lough Kime, the principal resi- 
dence of the Muintir Murchadha, was taken and destroyed by the King of Connaught"; 
and Muredach O’F laherty, prince of Hy-Briuin Seola', Murchadh anchapaill O’Flaherty, 
and Niall, son of Murges, presumptive heirs of Iar-Connaught, were slain”. A. D. 1051, 
Amhailgadh, son of Cathal, son of Rory, the then prince, had his eyes put out by Aodh, 
or Hugh, surnamed an gat beannang, or of the broken spear, King of Connaught, who 
thereupon established his rule over these western districts*; but he was soon after 
expelled by the Muintir Murchadha, who regained Lough Orbsen, which was then 
considered of importance by the contending parties. This petty but destructive 
warfare continued with unabated virulence for many years, during which several 
chiefs were put to death on both sides; at length Ruaidhri, or Roderick, surnamed 
na poige buroe, of the yellow hound, King of Connaught, was taken prisoner by 
Flaherty O’Flaherty, who treacherously and unjustly, say the Annalists, caused the 
king’s eyes to be put out’, upon which he was dethroned. Flaherty then conferred 
the sovereignty of Connaught on Hugh O’Conor, from whom he received back his 
own hereditary possessions of Moy-Seola*. But he did not long enjoy the fruits of 
his success, for he fell soon after by the hand of the assassin, in revenge for his cruel 
treatment of King Roderick. His death is thus recorded by the Four Masters : 
“ Coip Cn. 1098, Flaicbencuc ua Flaiebepraice, cigepna pl Mumpeadarx agur 
iancoin-Connacc, bo mapbad vo Mhavusdan ua Cuanna, 1 ccionaid oallea Ruaiwm 
ut Concobarn, .1. Ruawpi na poiwe buide, mó Connacr. Cy bo bliadain bap Flare- 
bencaicé avpubnaod.” Flaherty O'Flaherty, lord of Sil Murray and Iar-Connaught, 

was 


” Id. Neither the Four Masters, nor the older An- 
nalists, enumerate the above chiefs among the slain 
in this battle. 

" Id. 

t Ann. Inisf., by O'Conor. 

"Td. 

' Ann. Inisf. by Conry. Tigernach adds, ‘‘by 
treachery.” 

w Four Masters, A. D. 1036. 

* Tigernach. 

y Ann. Ulton., A. D. 1092. The Annals of Inisf., 
by Conry, uf supra, inveigh severely against O’Fla- 
herty for this barbarous act, committed against his 
sovereign lord, who was sponsor for four of O’Flaher- 
ty's children ; but, above all, that it was perpetrated 


against the laws of hospitality, when the victim was 
his guest, and under the protection of his roof, a crime 
inexpiable in Ireland. This barbarous custom was, 
however, frequent here, and in the neigbouring coun- 
tries. See addition to Hist. of Wales, by Caradoc of 
Llancarvan, at A. D. 1125. 

a Four Mast. A. D.1097; who add “‘ aur cen- 
nur Muipeadarg vo gabbail vo midim, 
and he again obtained the principality of Sil Mui- 
readhaigh.” This, although repeated more than once, 
is supposed to be a mistake of the Annalists. Mac 
Geoghegan, in his translation of the Annals of Clon- 
macnoise, styles this Flaherty ‘“‘ Prince of Silmorey.” 
But the Annals of Ulster call him “ King of West 
Connaught” only; and state that he was put to 


368 


was killed by Madudan Madden O’Cuana, in revenge for his foster-child* Roderick 
0 Conor, i. e. Roderick of the yellow hound, King of Connaught. Of the year of his 
death the poet sung as tollows: — 


"" Occ mbliaona nocac ap mile, 
O sein mic Oe odaie-nepews, 


Eight years, ninety and one thousand. 

From the birth of the son of Gud, all 
strengthening, 

It is no vain story, but is truly certain. 

Till the death of the faithful Flahertach. 


Ni raél par occ ip vepb vermin, 
Co bar feioil Flanebencaice.” 


This chieftain appears to have acquired considerable power and influence, and v- 
have taken a leading part in the affairs of Connaught. He effectually resisted the 
(’Conors, and put an end to their incursions on his territory. To his time has beea 
assigned the following description of Hy-Briuin Seola, which contains an account of 
the chiefs subordinate to ’Flaherty, and their possessions, with the principal officers 
of his establishment, and the lands which they held for the performance vf ther 
several duties. This historical fragment is preserved in a manuscript of ancient 
vellum, in the library of Trinity College, Dublin, H. 2.17, p. 188. 


“ Cpicaineace cineduch n-buchapa 
Muimnanp: Munéada, agup cloin- 
ne Fenguile, 7 meuonurge, 7 hua 
Gnúm cola, 7 hua m-bhúin puca, 
7 mumneim Facaiz; u cuipeac, 7 
a n-anb mac n-ogluc, 7 a n-ol- 


Territories of the hereditary proprie- 
tors of Muintir Murchadha of Clan- 
fergail, and Meadruidne, and Hy- 
Briuin Scola, and Hy-Briuin ratha, 
and Muintir Fahy ; their chieftains 
and Mac Oglachs, and Ollaves. 

loman. 


1.0 h-Clllmupún ccupeuc cecm m- 
baile picec Clomnoi Fengarli; 7 oipem hi 
Cnculi, 7 hi Fepgupa popa-caim. Mac 
Cinngumain 7 mac Cleannang, da cupedc 
Meaoparzi, cona ppemaib pip outcnra 

Fein 


death by the Sil Muireadhaigh. The above, how- 
ever, requires explanation, 

ve The manner in these days was to bring up 
nobdemen’s children, espetiallie their friends or princes 
and great men’s houses, and for ever after would call 


them fosters, and love them as well as theirown na 


(Halloran is the chief of the twenty- 
four ballvs [townlands] of Clanfergail: 
and of these are O"Antuile" and O'Fergus 
of Roscam. Mac Cingamain and Mac Ce 
tharnuigh arc the two taoiseachs of Maary’. 

having 


tural father." Mac Geoghegan. 

UL“ OF Antuile a. Opugaro (a public eieteal. 
ler) cloinne Peanguile.”—Mae Firbis. 

© For Clanferzail, Ruscam, and Maary. ove eat. 
p. 253. 


369 


fein Fureib pein. O Oatlaeré canpeac 
ceitm mbaile n-vex hua m-Opiim paca ; 
7 vipem hi Cenvetigz, 7 hr Ouro, 7 hi 
Invog Cnuic Tuaga, 7 hi Caigin Geac- 
cois, 7 hi Callanain comapba Cilli Ca- 
eal. Nua Cenoubain ollath leiáir 1 
plaicbencaig, a cuaie na coibninead; 
acbenac apaile hua Caig1. Flaichi hua 
m-bmiineola, cona pnemanb.1, hi Feicin, 
hi SalBain, 7 hi Ounb, 7 hi Mavusamn. 7 
mac §!lhigannain o maiglearlaino car- 
ripeuip hi Flaicbencang, 7 hi Colgon o 
ban hi Colgon go m-bpacang hi Flare- 

bencaig. 


4 O'Dathlaoich, * O"Oalaig,”. — Book of Bal- 
lymote, fo. 54. 

¢ Cnoc tuadh, now Knuckdoe, see page 147 supra. 

f Ui Laidhenain, pronounced O’Lynan. 

8 Lackagh, Ceacais, now Lackagh, a town- 
land containing the ruins of a castle in a parish of 
the same name in the barony of Clare, and a ghort 
distance south-east of the conspicious hill of Knock- 
doe.—See Ordnance map of Galway, sheet 70. 

h Kilcahil, Cill Caeonl, i. e. the church of 


St. Cathal. This is the name of an old church in 
a townland of the same name in the parish of 
Annaghdown, in the same barony, situated imme- 
diately to the left of the road as you go from Gal- 
way toTuam. The ruins of the church shew that 
it was very small. See Ordnance map of the County 
of Galway, sheet 57, where the position of the ruins 
of this church is shewn, under the name “ St. Cath- 
aldus’ church.” 

i O’Canavan, &c. According to the tradition in 
the country, the families of O’Canavan and O’Lee 
were hereditary physicians to O'Flaherty. There 

IRISH ARCH. SOC. I5. 


having their own tribe subject to them. 
O’Dathlaocich’ is the taiseach of the four- 
teen ballys of the Hy-Briuin ratha ; 
and of these are the O’Kennedies, and the 
O’Duinns, and the O’Innogs of Cnoc- 
tuadh’, and O’Laighin‘ of Lackagh®, and 
O’Callanan, comharba of Killcahill®. O’Ca- 
navan', medical ollamh of O'Flaherty, in 
Tuath na d-Toibrineadh, but others say 
that O’Laighidh[ O’Lee'}. Thechiefs of Hy- 
Briuin-Seola, with their correlatives, are 
O’Fechin, O’Balbhain, O’Duff, and O’Ma- 
dudhain, MacGilla Gannain of Moyleaslainn 
is master of the horse of O’Flaherty. The 
O’Colgans of Bally-Colgan* are the stan- 
dard-bearers of O’Flaherty. Mac Ginnain is 

the 


was a Dr. Canavan, the lineal descendant of O’Fla- 
herty’s physicians, in constant attendance on the 
house of Lemonfield about sixty years ago. 

J O'Lee. For an eccentric physician of this name, 
see p. 78, supra. In Duald Mac Firbis’s copy of 
this tract the reading is, Nua ceanoubain 7 
hua Gaigid leaga Muintipe Muncava 7 
Ua CAilella, 7 bo Cuaic na ocoibninead 


ib; uveip leaban ele Un Flaicbeap- 
vais, i. e. “‘O’Canavan and O'Lee are the physi- 
cians of Muintir Murchadha and of Hy-Ailella, and 
they are of the tribe of Tuath-na-d-Toibrineadh. 
Another book says of O’Flaherty"—[i. e. another 
book calls O’Canavan and O'Lee the physicians of 
O'Flaherty, instead of calling them physicians of 
Muintir-Murchadha, &c. ] 

k Bally-Colgan, Oaile Ui Cholgain, i e. 
O’Colgan’s town. This place retains its name to the 
present day, and is a townland now divided into 
two parts, called Ballycolgan Upper and Bally- 
colgan Lower, situated in the parish of Kilkilvery, 
near Headford, in the barony of Clare. 


3B 


37° 


bepcaiz, Teic Cinnain comanba Cilli 
Cuana, 7 hi Maelumpaill Oomnaig 
Pacpaic bnetemain hi Plarcbeneag, hn 
Cleipceain o nae buidb, cona m-banls. 
Kh Zaebucain, 7 hi Maelin oipcinníó 
Cill ceilbi. Th DOubain o cluain an, 
luée comiveacra hi Flaicbenearzy cum 
4 tig) Coiccinn, Ni meatas o Cill 
moanaCc dur o Cill na cuilún cai- 
paix Dosos!, cona Fpeamaib oucura. h-1 
Oonisean, 7 hi Curgeapag on Sees, 
cona pneamarb oucupa. O h-Cingl o 
oaine 1 Clingli cona baili. Mac Sedlain 
o Cill leabaip oincmeae clurg ouib Pa- 


tpaic, 


i Kileoona, Coll Cuana, i. e. St. Cuana’s 
church, a well-known parish, situated to the south- 
east of Headford, in the same barony. 

m ()'Maelampaill, “Thia name is written 


O'maoilpabuill in Duall Mac Firbis’s copy 


of thia tract. The name is still extant, but pro- 
nounced O'Mullawill, and sometimes anglicixed La- 
velle. According to the tradition in the barony of 
Murrisk, or Lar-Umhall, this family is of Danish 
descent, but this tradition does not appear entitled 
to much credit. 

" Donaghpatrick, Oomnm& Pacparg, i.e. 
of St. Patrick's church. This is the name of a parish 
in the north of the barony of Clare. — [ts original 
ehureh stands in ruins near the margin of Lough 
Hackett, which is the Loch Cime of the old) Trish 
writers. 

ó. Rath- Buidhbh, pronounced Ra-weer, now Raf- 
wee, a townland in the parish of Killeany, in the 
barony of Clare. See Oninance map, sheet ob. 

g Cill-Cillbile, now Kilkilvery, a well-known 
parish in the barony of Clare, containing the town 
of Ath-mic-Cing, or Headford. 

tCluain-ai, y. Cloneen?, inthe parish of Killeany. 


rn Kilnumanagh. Call na manag, i.e. church 


the comharba of Kilcoona'. O*Maclan- 
paill™ of Donaghpatrick® is the brebon 
[judge jof O'Flaherty. O’Cleircin of Rath- 
buidhbh’?, O’Lacbacain and O Maoilin 
are the Erenachs of Cill-Cillbile’. The 
O’Dubhans [ O'Duanea] of Cluain-ai* are 
the attendants of O’Flaherty at his com- 
mon house. The O’Meallaighs of Kilns 
managht and of Killna Cailan*are the chiets 
of Bogogi, with their correlatives. O"Dor- 
egan, and ©’Caitheasaigh, from Beitheach' 
[ Beagh], with their correlatives. O'Hain- 
gli" of Derry Aingli with his balls. Mac 
Beolan, of Killower", is the keeper of the 

black 


of the nonks, a townland cuntaining the ruins da 
small abbey, situated to the north of Lough Hackets. 
in the parish of Donaghpatrick, in the north of the 
same barony. See Ordnance map, sheet 42. 

" Kill na Cailan, now obsolete. 

' Beitheach, i. e. land abounding in birch; me 
Beazh. in the parish of Kileoona, in the same be 
rony There is also a Oanle Ua Chararar, 
i. e. O'Casey’s town, in the same pariah. 

© OO Haingli. This is probably the name sew 
anglicised (YHanly. A family of the name still re- 
sides at Kilroe, in this vicinity, and is opulent and 
respectable. There ix a more celebrated family d 
(/ Hdinlidhe, or O'Hanly, who were chiefs of Kimel 
Dofa, situated between Slieve Bawn aml the Shas- 
non, in the county of Roscommon. 

’ Killower, Cill Geabanp, L e. the church af 
the Rook, a parish situated in the north-east of the 
barony of Clare. The black bell of St. Patrick afte- 
wards passed into the family of Geraghty, and was 
for aves exhibited to the pilgrims by that family a 
Domhnach Cruim Duibh, er Garland Sunday, a 
the mountain of Croaghpatrick, where it was bell 
in the highest veneration. It was in the possesses 
of aliranch of this family who lived at Leceswe. 


371 


clwac, cona bail. Ni Doigin 7 1 Ov- 
bain oipemmg Calli hupra, cona mbaol 
leo, 7 bo aircin Fuprar Oubain. Merc 
Cilli cellang ollamain hi Flaicbencarg 
a rencu[r 7 a Ffilivece, co rm leacbaileib 
leo von leitpin .1. Ceannonoma, 7 Cé 
cmo, 7 Cataip na hailig: a ceneal m- 
Surem. O Domnall na h-Cponata cai- 
yeac comoil hi Flaicbeprang, cona peim 
oucura fein pai 1. o Oalgean apog fin- 
coinn paccaim: 1 Oomnaill, 7 hi Chi: 
pain o lip Cicapon, 7 hi Conlacena o- 
bail: hi Conlacena. Seacavoip hi Flane- 
bencaig...... 1n-Eocaill 7 bali Con- 
lacena. 7 hi Chooil o bailí 1 Chooit, hn 
Maelmuin o bali 1 Maelmuim, 7 o ae 
mic cinod xo loc a n-outaig pin, Nincr- 
neé Rata hmoile .1. o Ceatécangaip con- 

deacmald 


near Ballinrobe, in the county of Mayo, in the year 
1837, but it is said to be now in the possession of 
one of this family who removed to the town of Cas- 
tlebar. It is generally believed that this bell was 
originally of pure silver, but that it was rendered 
black by its contact with the demons on Croagh- 
patrick, when the apostle of Ireland was expelling 
them thence. 

w O’ Dubhain, now O’Duane. The O’Duanes and 
O'Lees, in thethirteenth century, crossed lough Orb- 
sen with the O’Flaherties. Some respectable descen - 
danta of these old families still reside in Iar-Con- 
naught. 

x Killersa, Cill Fhunpa, ie. St. Fursey’s 
church, a parish forming the north-western portion 
of the barony of Clare. The western portion of the 
old church of this parish is of extreme antiquity. 

Y Ceann-droma, i.e. head of the long hill, or ridge. 


black bell of St. Patrick, with his bally. 
O’Dubhain” are the Erenachs of Killur- 
sa", with their bally (and St. Fursa cursed 
O’Dubhain). The Mac Kilkellys are 
the ollamhs of O’Flaherty in history and 
poetry; and for this they have three half 
ballys, which are Ceann-droma’, Athacind’, 
and Cathair-na-hailighi* in Ceneal m-bui- 
thin. O’Domhnaill of Ardratha is the 
master of the feast of O'Flaherty, with his 
own correlatives under him, viz., O’Dai- 
gean of Ard-Fintain’, who was O’Domh- 
naill’s reachtaire [steward }, and O’Chichea- 
ran of Lis-chicheran, and O’Conlachtna of 
Bally-conlachtna are the keepers of the 
bees of O’Flaherty..... in Eochaill and 
Bally-conlachtna®. O’Chodil of Bally- 
codil, O’Maelmuine of Ballymaelmuine ; 
and from Ath mic Cinn to the lake" their 
country extends. O’Leathcargais is the 

Erenach 


This name is now obsolete. 

t Athacind, now Headford, a well-known town 
in the parish of Kilkilvery, in the barony of Clare. 

® Cathair-na-hailighi, now Cahernally, situated 
to the south-west of the town of Headford, in the 
parish of Killursa. The original cathair, or Cyclo- 
pean stone fort, from which this townland derived its 
name, is still in existence, in tolerable preservation. 

> Ard-Finntain, i.e. Finntan’s eminence, or hill, 
now Ardfintan, a townland in the west of the said 
parish of Killursa. 

¢ Bally-conlachtna, Gaile hi Contacena, 
i.e. O’Conlachtna’s town, now Ballyconlaght, in the 
parish of Cargins, in the barony of Clare. See Ord- 
nance map, sheet 55. 

4 From Ath mic Cinn to the lake, i. e. from 
Headford westwards to Lough Corrib. This district, 
which was, at the period of the writer of this tract, 


3B2 


372 


veacmaio hi Fhlaicbencr leir. hua 
Muipgile o Muine-inpaoain, apopac- 
caine hi Fhuairbencais. O Maelbinoi on 
cepmanp .i. bl colu leir. Ni Ouaeé 7 hi 
Ougoa ona opomarb, Ni Pavapeag cur- 
rig ceicní mail) bec Muimneip Facarg, 
cona povaleaib, 7 cona pfpeamuib pinbu- 
cara fein pureib,” 


Erenach of Rathhindile, and he has the 
tithes of O’Flaherty. O’Murgaile of 
Muinne-in-radain is the Ardrachtaire’ 
of O'Flaherty. O’Maelbindi of the ter- 
mon has Bally-Colu” O° Duach and Dagds 
of the Drums. O'Faharty is chief of the 
fourteen townlands of Muintir-Fahy*, with 
their correlatives under them". 


The foregoing curious and, perhaps at the present day, unique description of the e+ 
tablishment and dependencies of an Irish chieftain, previously to the twelfth century. 
developes a state of society, as then existing in Ireland, very different from the 
feudal system, which, at the time, prevailed over the greatest part of Europe. The 
evils of that system, which are described by all the writers on those times as insup- 
portable, were never felt in Ireland. Almost the whole of Europe was divided into 
small societies ; a few towns formed a petty state, and these states were continually 
at war with each other. There were no high roads, nor any security for merchants, 
who were plundered, and often murdered, by the lords and chatellains; whose castles 
and towers, on the banks of rivers, and in mountain passes, were little better than 


dens of robbers. 


divided into ballybetaghs, called after the families of 
(YCodel and O'Maelmuine, is now divided into mi- 
nute denominations, and the uames of the large hal- 
Ivbetaghs are forgotten. 

¢ Ardrachtaire, i. e. head steward 

' Baile- Colu.- -There is a townland of this name 
close to the southern boundary of the barony of Clare. 

© Muintir-Fahy.—These names are still found 
widely interspersed over the country, but. like the 
xenerality of the old Irish families, they are mostly 
reduced to a state of poverty. 

h See ante, p. 130, for the regal establishment of 
the Kings of Connaught, which subsisted at the 
same time with that of their subordinate chieftain 
(YFlaherty. We find in Scotland the same clan 
evstem, derived from the Trish; but there it conti- 
nucd to a later period than even in the parent coun- 
ery. Martin, in his Description of the Western Islands, 


Murders, rapines, and disorders of every kind, prevailed to such a 


degree, 


already quoted, has preserved some of the chagac- 
teristics of this very ancient state of society. De 
scribing the old and modern customs of the island 
he tells us (p. 124. &c.): “At the first plantation 
of the isles, all matters were managed by the ale 
authority of heads of tribes, called in Irish 7isevns. 
The chieftain was usually attended with a retinas 4 
young men of quality, with whom it was usual te 
make a desperate incursion upon some neighbesr 
that they were in feud with, and to force his catthe, 
or die in the attempt. This, he adds, was met “m- 
sidered robbery ; for it was usually followed by rate 
liation. When the chief entered on the goverument 
of the clan, he was placed on a pvramid of stones, a 
white rod was delivered to him, and the chief Druid 
or orator pronounced a stimulating panegyrie, a 
the ancient pedigree, valour, and liberality of the 
family; all which he proposed to the young chisf- 


373 


degree, that the social compact was nearly dissolved. But in Ireland, although war- 
fare between the clans was prevalent and violent, yet the laws were obeyed, and 
individual safety so much respected that, we are told, a young maiden, bearing a 
wand with a ring of gold on the top of it, traversed the island without fear of being 
molested. This illustration is, doubtless, overcharged, but the subordination which 
it was intended to illustrate is unquestionable’. M. Guizot, in his General History of 
Civilization in Europe, after alluding fo the feudal and patriarchal states of society, 
thus describes the clan system of Ireland: “ Un autre systéme de famille se présente, 
le clan, petite société dont il faut chercher le type en Ecosse, en Irlande, et par 
laquelle probablement un grande portion du monde Européen a passé. Ceci n’est 
plus la famille patriarcale. Il y a une grande diversité de situation entre le chef et 
le reste de la population; il ne méne point la méme vie: la plupart cultivent et 
servent: lui, il est oisif et guerrier. Mais leur orgine est commune; ils portent 
tous le méme nom; des rapports de parenté, d’anciennes traditions, les mémes sou- 
venirs, des affections pareilles établissent entre tous les membres du clan un lien 
moral, une sorte @égalité. Voila les deux principaux types de la société de famille 
que présente l’histoire. Est-ce la, je vous le demande, la famille féodale? Evidem- 
ment non.” But upon this state of society in Ireland, the feudal system was suddenly 
obtruded in the twelfth century ; and it was quite impossible that, from two such 
opposite political elements any other results could have followed than those which are 

familiar 


tain for imitation. The chiefs had fixed officers to of the Irish chiefs ‘‘ carried the title of King,” which 


attend them upon all occasions. Sir Donald Mac- 
donald had his principal standard-bearer, and quar- 
termaster. Every chieftain had a bold armour- 
bearer, called Galloglach: also a cup-bearer, purse- 
bearer, steward, physician, orator, poet, bard, 
musician, smith, piper, &c. Before battle, the 
Druid harangued the army, after which they gave 
a general shout, and charged the enemy. The drink- 
ing bouts were attended by a cup-bearer; and two 
men with barrows attended punctually to carry away 
those who got drunk. The chieftains bestowed the 
cow's head, feet, and all the entrails, upon their de- 
pendants; such as the physicians, orator, poet, 
bard, musicians, &c.” This description is probably, 
so far as it extendas, a picture of the Clan system 
which prevailed in the greatest part of Ireland 
until the seventeenth century. The most potent 


was never assumed in Scotland. After a series of 
struggles for centuries, the clan system at length 
sunk in Ireland under the superior power of the 
Anglo-Norman feudalists of England 

' And it probably explains the reason, why some of 
the early Anglo-Norman adventurers passed so easi- 
ly, without molestation, over several districts of 
Ireland, before the unsuspecting natives were aware 
of their hostile intentions.—See Statute of Kilkenny, 
published by the Irish Archmological Society. A. D. 
1848, p. 85, Note !?. 

J Quatrieme legon.—‘‘ Another family system 
offers itself, the clans, a sort of petty associations, of 
which the type is to be found in Scotland and Jre- 
land, threugh which, in all probability, a great por- 
tion of the European world has passed. This was 
very different from the patriarchal family. There 


374 


familiar to all acquainted with our melancholy history since that period. We may 
therefore conclude that the future historian of Ireland, keeping this great distinction 
in view, will be able to present the hitherto misunderstood annals of this island ina 
different light from that in which they have hitherto appeared to the world, and 
thereby add an important, nay even an instructive page to the history of mankind. 
The twelfth century, the most memorable of Irish history, opened on the provinee of 
Connaught with dissensions and wars, between it and the princes and people of Munster. 
In A.D. 1117, a battle was fought between Brian, son of Morogh O'Flaherty. joined 
by the sons of Cathal O’Conor and the Connaught forces, against Torlogh, son of Dermod 
(Brien, King of Munster and the Dalcassians, in which the latter were defeated with 
great slaughter. ‘The Dalcassians took the field a second time, headed by Dermod 
himself, and crossed the borders of Connaught. They laid waste the territories of 
Hy-Briuin and Hy-Fiachrach; but the Connacians, under the command of Cathal 
(Conor and Brian O'Flaherty, routed them in a second battle, pursued them as fer 
as the mountains of Echtghe* and Burren, and destroyed considerable numbers in the 
pursuit’. Turlough ©’Conor, King of Connaught, soon after marched with an army 
into Munster, and destroyed Kincoradh the residence of the Kings of Munster. He 
then proceeded to Desmond, burned Cashel and Lismore, and destroyed the termon 
land of the latter. Connor (Brien, King of Munster, met him in battle near Ardfinss, 
and gained a signal victory; in which Mureadhach O’Flaherty, prince of lar-Connaught, 
Hugh O’Heyne, lord of Hy- Fiachrach Aidhne. O*Lorean, and many other nobles of 
A. strong castle was built at the mouth of the river Gaillimh 
(Galway), where Flann and Giolla-Riabhach, the sons of Anslis O'Heyne. were 


treacherously 


historian: "BH ny avait pour cette population peind 
de sovieté generale; son existence était puremnsnt 
keale. STlors du territoire guils habitaient. be 
colons Wavaient a faire á personne, ne tenaient & par- 
somne et A rien. Tl n'y avait pour eux point de dss- 


Connaught, were slain™. 


existed an important distinction between the situa- 
tions of the chief and the rest of the population : they 
did not lead the same life, the greater part tilled and 
wrved, whilst the chief was an idler and a warrior. 
But they had a common origin, and they all bore the 


same name: whilst relations of kindred, old tradi- 
tions, identity in recollections, and fewlings of attach- 
nent. established a moral tie, a sort of equality. 
amonzest all the members of the clan. These are the 
two principal types of family association that history 
aupplies, But do they contain the fendal family ? 
Certainly not.” Perhaps, in one respect only, there 
was a similarity between the clan population and 
the feudal serfs; which cannot be better expressed 


than in the words of the same talented and eloquent 


tinte commune, point de patrie commune: ils se 
formaient point un peuple.”"—Id. 

k Now called Sliere sfughty, or more corruptly 
Roughta. This i a range of mountains, to the & EB 
of Galway county, on the confines of Clare. 

' Four Mast. A. D. 1137. 

m 14. and " Law of Tanistry illustrated,” by 
Doctor O'Brien, in Vallancey's Collect. vol L p 


562, EL Dub. 1770. 


375 


treacherously killed by Conor O'Flaherty; who was himself slain in a battle 
fought near Athlone, in A. D. 1132, between the Kings of Munster and Connaught, 
in which the latter was defeated with great slaughter’. The newly erected castle at 
the Gaillimh was thereupon destroyed; and Flaherty O’Flaherty was slain by the sons 
of Loghlin O’Loghlin, in revenge for the death of their father. The entire of 
Connaught was laid waste from the river Drowes to the Shannon, and to the southern 
mountains of Echtghe. Torlogh O’Conor fled into Iar-Connaught, where he was 
pursued by the O’Briens; who plundered the territory, taking a prey of a thousand 
cows, and destroying the fort at the Gaillimh". Aodh (Hugh) O’Cadhla (O’Kealy), 
prince of Conmhaicne-mara, [ Conamara], was killed by his own clan’. The province 
was again miserably ravaged by the Momonians, and Roderic O'Flaherty, with other 
persons of distinction, was slain. Torlogh O’Brien a second time spread devasta- 
tion over the country of O’Flaherty, where he seized great preys of cattle (bopaime 
mop) ; and in his progress, prostrated the fortification at the Gaillimh, (muippuc oun 
n-gaillme) in which latter exploit, one of his principal chieftains, O’Loghlin of Cor- 
comroe, was drowned’. Having now arrived at the middle of the twelfth century, 
it is time to close this appalling paragraph of outrage and crime; which must have 
proved as disagreeable to the reader to peruse, as it has been revolting to the editor 
to narrate. But the histories of all nations are made up of similar details. Thus, 
while we tind the Irish engaged in the work of mutual destruction; we must remem- 
ber that the surrounding nations were at the same time similarly employed. To go 
no farther for examples than to the neighbouring Welsh and Saxons—what appalling 
instances of human destruction do we not meet with in every page of their ensan- 
guined annals. The historian‘ of the latter people, shrunk from the narrative of their 
petty broils, which he compared to the battles of kites and crows; and considered 
them too insignificant for a place in history. Some writers on Irish affairs have 
explained succeeding disasters, as punishments inflicted by Providence on the nation 
for “ their old accursed feuds, their convulsions, violences, rapine, oppressions, revenge, 
their spilling of one another’s blood to death'.” But another solution may, perhaps, 
be discovered in this eternal maxim, that “a nation divided against itself cannot 
stand” and that maxim will be found verified in the pages of Irish history. 

Torlogh O’Conor, Monarch of Ireland and King of Connaught, towards the close 


of 
un Id. and Law of Tanistry, utantea, p. 565. ofthe Royal Society, Dublin, it is stated that he was 
o Four Mast. A. D. 1117. killed by O’Hogan of Munster. 
Pp Id. A. D. 1139. r Four Mast. A. D. 1150. 


4 Id. et Inisf. ad an. 1145. In some extracts ® Milton. 
from ‘‘ Annales Anonymi,” preserved in the library t Walsh's Prospect, p. 807. 


376 


of his long and turbulent reign, projected a maritime expedition against the northern 
parts of his dominions. This was, perhaps, the greatest national armament witneseed 
before or since that time in Ireland. The fleet consisted of the ships of the Dun or fort of 
Galway, and of Conmhaicne-mara; those of the O'Malleys of the Umhaills [the Owles. 
who were long considered the best mariners of Ireland"; and those of the territories 
of Tirawly and Hy-Fiachrach, all in the west and north-west of Connaught. Over this 
fleet, Cosnamhach ©’Dowda was appointed commander or admiral; and a predatory 
descent was made on the territories of Tirconnell and Inishowen. The Kinel-Eoghain 
with their chief, Muircheartach the son of Niall, dreading the plunder and destruc- 
tion of their country, sought succour from the Scots of Alban, and subsidized the fleets 
of the Gall-Gadeliany of Arran, Cantire, the Isle of Man, and other parts, under the 
command of Mac Skellig. The two fleets met near Inishowen, and, after an obstinate 
engagement, the Irish gained a complete victory; but with a considerable loss of 
men, among Whom was the udniral, O’Dowda’. All the enemy’s ships, with their 
commander, Mac Skellig, tell into the hands of the Connacians”. 

Seon after this victory King Torlogh died" ; and although the Annalists have been 
loud in sounding his praise, pompously styling him “the Augustus of Wester 
Eurupe,” yet it is certain that he did as much as any man that ever lived, to render 
He was succeeded by his son Roderic, 
in whose time the Anglo-Normans landed in Ireland’. It was not until A. D. 11797 
that these adventurers first set a hostile foot in Connaught, and that event is thus 
related in the Book of Leinster: '' An army with Miles Cogan to Conaght, unawares 

to 


his country an easy prey to foreign invaders. 


" (Dugan, in his topographical poem, which 
refers to the twelfth century, thus celebrates the 
(Malleys :— 

Oume marie pam ní parbe 

Orb Malle, ace na maupuroe. 
Which may be translated," there never was a good 
man oof the (’Malleyvs, who was not a mariner.” 
They have preserved the same character to modern 
times..—See Four Masters, A.D. Lo. 

s Ó. A. 1). 1151. See also Treatise on Hy-Fiach- 
rach, dr. dreh. Soe. p. 352. 

w The above is the most considerable maritime en- 
varement of the ancient Irish on record ; if we except 
the celebrated sea fight. said to have taken place 
at Dundalk in ALD. 944, and which sev detailed! 
in OY Halloran’s History of Ireland, vol. IT. p. 221. 


from a MS. entitled the "" Wars of Callaghan Cashel” 
But it must be observed here, that the agthe- 
ticity of that MS. is doubtful. By our best Assi- 
quarics it has been pronuunced a Romance: bat 
()Halloran’s bonest zeal "to render that justice le 
our ancestors which had been long denied them.” 
(Dedication), induced him to treat it as a gemaine 
document, in order to give “our ancestors” the credit 
of the brilliant achievements which it relaten Aad 
that, he concvived, was doing the justice to which be 
had alluded. Others have given the story as as- 
thentic history, but it is net to be found in asy of 
var aceite Annals, 

» Four Masters A. D. 1156 

" fd ALD. 1170. 





377 


to the countrymen till they came to Roscommon. Morrogh O’Rory [O'Conor | came to- 
wards them, and guided them through Conaght. His father, Roderick the king, was then 
on his regal progress through Iar-Connaght, when he got intelligence of the English. 
The English, in their marching, burned the Maghary, i.e. the plain of Connaght, and 
Oilfin, and Forta-noggy (Fearta Geige),and Imleagh-Ferdoragh, and Imleagh-Brocadha, 
and Down-Imdhan(Dunamon). And the English came from Athmogha, [Ballime] and 
through Fidmonagh, and Sligy More (viz. the great road of) Ligy-gnathaile, and over 
Athfiny, by Down-more, and to Tuam directly ; and made no prey throughout the pro- 
vince, for the Connactians secured their’s in their holds and places of security ; and Tuam 
_ was emptied, and the English burned Killbeneoin (Kilbannon), and Kill-Meadhuin 
(Kilmaine), and Lackagh, and Killcathgaly (Kicahill)*, and Ross-Cannin (Roscam), and 
the castle of the fort of the Galway. And the English were three nights in Tuam 
(da Gualan), without either meat or booty, and they being informed that the Connac- 
tians and Momonians were gathered together against them, which the English believed 
as truth, for Rory, King of Ireland, suffered not his men to meet them, expecting 
their meeting in a set battle, the English stole away as far as Toghar-mona-Connedha, 
when the Connaught footmen gave an onset on the said Toghar, when the English 
had been [would have been] defeated, were it not for O’Conor’s son (Morrogh O’Rory) 
that encouraged them. And that night they came to Uaran, and they stole away the 
next day to Athliag, where a small party of the Connactians overtook them, which 
dealt hardly with them in the ford, and their losses were unknown (i. e. considerable) 
afore they left Conaght. Murrogh, Rory’s son, was blinded by Sil-Muredhy and by 
Rory himself, for his wicked deeds. Connor Moenmoy, Rory O’Conor’s son, [was] forci- 
bly brought out of the island of Lough Cuanby Maelculard O’Flathberty, and by Ca- 
O’Flathberty, and by Gilly-berry O’Flathberty, and by the rest of his favourites 
(friends), he being in restraint for the space of a whole year for his own injuries 
(misdeeds). Hugh O'Flaherty, King of Iar-Connaught, died in Enachduin. The 
river of Galway was dried from Oilean na Clodagh to the sea, from sun-rising to twelve 
o'clock the second day, in which abyss a huge multitude of fish was found*.” 

After 


* For these places, see ante, p. 369. 
a Extracts from a translation of Annals of Lein- 


of the Royal Dublin Society. See also the Annals 
of the Four Masters, and of Inisfallen (Conry), 


ster made in the year 1665, by Dudly Firbisie, for 
Sir James Ware. Mac Firbis’s autograph is pre- 
served in the Library of the British Museum. Cod. 
Claren. tom. 68, and there are transcripts of it in the 
Library of Trinity College, Dublin, and of the library 

IRISH ARCH. SOC. IS. 


A. D. 1177: the latter agrees verbatim with the An- 
nals of Leinster. In the former, the phenomenon 
of the Gaillimh is somewhat differently related. 
They state that the river was dried up for three 
days, and that military weapons, and other “ curi- 


sc 


378 


After the foregoing precipitate flight of the Anglu-Normans before the previncal 
force, called by the Leinster Annalist the " invincible army of Sil-Muredhy’.” thew 
invaders were for sume years deterred from venturing into Connaught. But in 
A. D. 1185, Donal Mór O'Brien, King of Thomond, who was one of the first to join 
them, taking advantage of the violent dissensions and wars then raging betwen the 
members of the house of O'Conor, made an incursion on the western parts of the 
province, “accompanied by a party of English,” who pillaged and destroyed the 
country, and burned houses and churches in their progress". After the lapse of a few 
years we find the English again in the province, led on by Cathal Crovedearg (or tá 
red-handed) O'Conor, King of Connaught’. The old territorial disputes sub«isting 
between the ©’Conors and 0’Flaherties were again revived. Cathal, the son of Hugh 
O'Flaherty, was slain by the son of Mortogh Midhe O'Conor. Roderic O'Flaherts 
lord of West Connaught. was taken prisoner by Cathal Crovdearg*’, who delivered 
him over to the English, by whom he was put to death’. Thus these infatuated men. 
hy their dissensions hastened their own impending doom, and entailed irretrievable 
bondage on their posterity. 

The thirteenth century introduced a new set of characters on the arena of Irish 
history. Of these one of the most remarkable was the Anglo-Norman De Burgo 
William Fitz-Adelm*. The posterity and followers of this man supplanted the O'Conor, 
O’Flaherties, and the other Celtic tribes of Connaught; whose descendants. with very 
few exceptions, were reduced to the condition of **hewers of wood and drawers 
of water.” In A.D. 1201, Cathal Crovdearg, and this William Fitz-Adelm, led an 
army of Irish and English into Tar-Connaught. This was the first appearance of the 


Ie 


ositiee, buried in it from the most remote antiquity, 
were collected by the people ofthe fort and surround. 
ing country, Similar‘ antiquities” may very likely 
be found on the drainage of the neighbouring lake, 
Corrib, new | 1846] in contemplation. 

h'Fhe O'Conor. Annals of Leinster, at AA. D.11; |. 

' Four Masters. 

Td AL b. ?1ná. 

‘Td A b. 1198. 

f Extracts from the Annals of Loughkee. in the 
library of the Royal Dublin Society, A.D. 1200, 
For this Reeleric, ser the Gen. Table PP. Nó. 20. 
He wascallal + pean Ruapiy na puag o loc 
Cimew ot Rery úr Roderic, of the onskaugehits 


or excursions from fouzh Kime: for which plow 
Se (INÍrC. 

© See Cambrensis, Hibernia Exyug, lit, ic 16 
for the character of this vicious adventurer. With 
him the Trish annalists agree: yet Mac Geaghe 
gan, in his translation of the Annals of Clonsmac- 
noise, and Mac Firbis, in his account of the English 
families of Ireland, pr-erved in the library of the 
Roval Irish Academy, endeavour to defend him, a 
the plea of enmity in Cambrensig, and prejudee in 
the Annalists: but the arguments made we of ia 
his defenee would) be just as applicable to the ea- 
culpation of Judas. 





379 


De Burgos in this province. They passed the Easter at Cong, and while there, the 
sons of that Roderic O’Flaherty (who, as we have seen, had been previously betrayed 
by Cathal to the English, by whom he was put to death) conspired with Fitz-Adelm 
against Cathal ; “but,” say the Annalists, “ God saved him from their treachery’, 
through the intercession of the ecclesiastics, who were witnesses to their league of 
mutual fealty.” Enraged at the escape of the Irish prince, Fitz-Adelm spread 
destruction over his devoted kingdom. The Annals of Clonmacnoise record, that 
in A.D. 1204, “ William Burke took the spoyles of all the churches of Connoght, 
viz., of Clonvicknose, Clonfert, Milick, Killbyan; the churches of O’Fiaghragh, 
Twayme (Tuam), Kill-Beneoine, Killmaoyne (Kilmain), Mayo of the English 
(Cong) of St. Ffechine, the Abbey of Athedalaragh (Boyle), Ailfynn, Uaran, Ros- 
common, with many other churches. God and the patrons of these churches 
shewed their miracles upon him, that his entrails and fundament fell from his pri- 
vate place, and it trailed after him even to the very earth, whereof he died impe- 
nitently, without shrive or extream unction, or good buryall in any church in 
the kingdom, but in a waste town.” The same year Mortogh O'Flaherty, lord of 
Iar-Connaught, died’, whereupon Cathal Crovdearg expelled Mortogh’s son, Hugh, 
out of his territory of Moy-Seola, which he conferred upon his (Cathal’s) own son, 
Hugh*. This was followed by the death of Brian, the son of Roderic O'Flaherty’. 
Richard de Burgo, Lord of Connaught and Trim, son of William Fitz-Adelm, obtained 
grants of the entire province; and on the rath June, A. D. 1225", King Henry III. 
commanded William, Earl Marshall, lord justice of Ireland, to seize on “ the whole 
country of Connaught, and deliver it to Richard de Burgo.” 

The Connaught chieftains were at length awakened to a sense of the dangers which 
surrounded them, but even that did not prevent their unnatural dissensions. The 
whole country soon became a scene of confusion and blood. In these proceedings, 
which will be found fully detailed by our Annalists, Hugh O'Flaherty", chief of Iar- 
Connaught, acted a conspicuous part. He joined the sons of Roderick O'Conor against 
Hugh, king of Connaught (son of Cathal Crovdearg), who was leagued with the 

English 


b The Annals of Clonmacnoise relate, that the (No. 118), two generations given by O’Ferrall (Gen. 


conspiracy was “ by God prevented ; for they were 
by great oaths sworn to each other before, which 
whosoever would break was to be excommunicated 
with book, bell, and candle.” A. D. 1201. 

i! Four Masters. 

i Id. A.D. 1204. This Mortogh I conjecture to 
be the same as Muredach (No. 112), son of Hugh 


Table, III.), but omitted by Mac Firbis (Tab. II). 

k Id. A. D. 1207. 

! Id. A.D. 1214. This Brian does not appear 
in the Gen. Tables. His father I take to be Rory 
of Lough Kime (No. 25). 

m Four Masters, A. D. 1225. 

n Gen. Table, No. II. 26. 


3 C 2 


380 


English. These latter confederates, in A. D. 1225, invaded the country of O'Flaherty. 
and compelled him to surrender the islands of Inis-Creamha and Oilen na Circe, in 
lough Orbsen, together with all the vessels on the lake, to Hugh O'Conor. O’Fle 
herty then fortified himself in the fort at Bun na Gaillmhe (Le. at the mouth of the 
river of Galway), but he was soon after taken prisoner by O’Conor, and delivered up 
to the English. This was followed by his total expulsion out of Moy-Seola, which 
was seized by Richard De Burgo and his followers; who also possessed themselves ot 
the castle at the Gaillimh, where they erected another strong fortress. Hugh O*Fle 
herty and his people crossed Lough Oirbsen, and took possession of those western 
districts, to which the name of Iar-Connaught has, in after-times, been exclusively 
given. He was, therefore, the first of the O’Flaherties who could properly be called 
the chief of the territory now known by that name". In course of time his descen- 
dants acquired greater power in their new possessions, than perhaps their ancestors 
ever attained in their ancient inheritance. 

But the De Burgos thinking themselves insecure, as long as O'Flaherty maintained 
his independence in the West, they resolved to subdue him, or secure his adhesion. 
Accordingly, on the return of the English to Connaught with an army, in A. D. 1235. 
he was the first they determined to attack. Abandoned on all sides, and unable to 
contend with their superior force, wishing moreover to prevent the further effusion 
of blood and the plunder of his people, the humbled chief at length yielded, and e- 
tered into a treaty with them". He afterwards consented to assist them agaimt his 
This was the last and only disgraceful act of his lift. He 
After his death the English followers of Richard de Burgeo 
erected several castles throughout the territory of Muintir-Murchada and the adjoin 
ing districts’, 

Henry HI. King of England, in A.D. 1244, directed letters to several Irish chiefs. 
among others, as is said, to O'Flaherty", to attend the Lord Justice of Ireland and his 
torees to Scotland, ‘tad inimicos nostros tbidem eravandos.” 


old allies, the (’Conors. 
did not long survive it. 


A revonciliation having 


taken place with Seotland, the Connaught auxiliaries, under Felim O'Conor, joined 


Henry 


"Tt is probable that the O'Flaherties possessed 
seine local jurisdiction in these western districts an- 
terior to the above period, but there is né dinct 
evidence on the subject. Phe destruction of so many 
of our domestic records has necessarily left several 
matters of this local nature inexplicable in Erish 
history. 


b See pov. ante. when: our author alludes to 


the assistance yiven on thia uecasion: also p. 360. 
nete ®, and the Annals of the Four Masters, A. D. 
12305. 

See ante, p. 4. note *, for further particulars af 
these procemMings; and some account of the desam- 
dants of those who settled here at the time. 

r Sir William Betham’s Antiy. Researches, p. 124 
These letters may be seen in Rymer. vol. L 246: 


381 


Henry in an expedition to Wales, whence they returned victorious. Soon after which, 
Morogh O'Flaherty, and his brother Roderic’, laid their complaint before the King, 
stating, that their ancestors and themselves, though mere Irish, always shewed their 
fealty and service to him and his predecessors, by assisting the English to reduce the 
Irish. That they had, notwithstanding, been unjustly expelled from their territory, to 
which they humbly prayed to be restored. This appeal was favourably received by 
the King, who directed his letters to John Fitz-Geoffry, the Lord Justice, in the 
following words: “ Rex Justiciario Hibern. Salutem: Monstravit nobis Mamorch Offer- 
thierum' et Rothericus Frater ejus, quod antecessores sui, et ipsi (licet Hibernenses), 
semper tamen firmiter fuerunt ad fidem et servitium nostrum, et predecessorum nos- 
trum [it should be nostrorum], Regum Angl. ad conquestum una cum Anglicis facien- 
dum super Hibernenses, et ideo vobis mandamus quod si ita est, tunc non permittas 
ipsos M. et R. repelli, quin possint terras vindicare in quibus jus habent, sicut quili- 
bet Anglicus, quia si ipsi et antecessores sui sic se habuerunt cum Anglicis, quamvis 
Hibernenses, injustum esset licet Hibernenses sint quod exceptione qua repelluntur 
Hibernenses, 4 vindicatione terrarum et aliis repellantur.”— Prynne, 255. Upon this 
writ Cox observes, “the King did design that all the Irish, who would live as subjects, 
should have the benefit of the English laws".” It is probable that the King did so 
design, but it is certain that his rulers here designed otherwise. Happy would 
it have been, had the just feeling expressed in that letter, been always observed in Ire- 
land. But the O’Flaherties derived no benefit from the royal mandate. On the con- 
trary, their new territories, as if in despite of it, were soon plundered by the English. 
Walter de Burgo marched against them with an army, but was routed with consi- 
derable slaughter’. He soon after made another excursion against Roderic O'Flaherty; 
plundered his territory of Gnomore and Gnobeg (now called the barony of Moycullen), 
and seized upon Lough Orbsen with its islands". The persecuted chief was, at length, 

forcibly 


and in Leland, Vol. I. 220; but O'Flaherty does not 
appear in either. Sir William Betham, however, 
refers to a “ Close Roll in the Tower of London.” 

* See Gen. Table, II. No. 27. Neither this Morogh 
nor his brother is named in it. 

t This writ is given at A. D. 1253 by Cox, I. 66, 
from Prynne. The orthography shews that the An- 
glo-Normans of that day were sad bunglers at 
Celtic surnames. But Offerthierum is not farther 
from O'Flaherty, than Vinzaniozer is from Winches- 
ter, (Wintanceastra) for which see Milner’s valuable 


history of that city.—Vol. II. p. 294. 

®* Cox, loc. cit. 

v Four Masters, A. D. 1248. 

w Id. A.D. 1256. In this year, the same An- 
nalists relate, that the son of Somairle (Sorly) Mac 
Donnell, sailed with a fleet from the Hebrides, 
(a n-inprb gall) to Conmaicne-mara, in Iar- 
Connaught, where he captured a merchant ship, 
and plundered its cargo of wine, cloth, copper, and 
iron. Jordan de Exeter, sheriff of Connaught, pur- 
sued him to a neighbouring island, where his ships 


382 


forcibly expelled from Iar-Connaught*, but his expulsion was only temporary; for he 
found, by experience, that it was safer to rely on the battle-axes of his bold Gallogies, 
than on appeals to the sovereign against Anglo-Norman outrage in Ireland. in 
his time the Joyces, a family of British extraction, settled in the northern part of the 
territory, by the permission and under the protection of the O'’F laherties. 

Before the close of the thirteenth century, the O’Flaherties became masters of the 
entire territory of Ilar-Connaught, extending from the western banks of Lough Orb- 
sen, to the shores of the Atlantic. Separated from the rest of the kingdom, in that 
peninsulated’, and then almost inaccessible district, they interfered but little in the 
external transactions of the province, and are, therefore, but seldom noticed in our 
Annals for the two succeeding centuries. With their neighbours, the ancient Clam 
Mailly, or O'Mailleys of Umhaill (Umadlia) or ‘ the Owles,” they lived on terms ef 
amity and mutual defence. But this friendly, and for both ‘ nations necessary al- 
liance, was interrupted by an untoward occurrence. In A.D. 1314, at sa meeting or 
conference between the chiets of both clans, a dispute took place, in which Owen 
O'Mailly, Cormac Cruim ©’Mailly, and several others, were slain by the people of 
O'Flaherty". In some time after, Connor, the son of Owen O’Mailly, made a descent 
on Iar-Connaught, which he plundered, and loaded his vessel with the spoils aad 
riches he had taken. But on his return home. his ship was cast away ‘ betweas 
Ireland and Aran,” and all the crew, except one man, perished’. Amongst the O’Fle- 
hertics themselves, feuds were frequent and violent during the fifteenth and sixteenth 
centuries. Many of these will be found detailed in our Annals, where the reader will 
be enabled to identify several individuals named in the annexed Genealogical Tables’. 

Until 


were at anchor. 


An engagement took place, in 
which the sheriff and one of his knizhts were slain ; 
and Mac Sorly retumed home in triumph with his 
booty. 

x qd. A. D. 1273. On the Roll of the Pipe, 13, 
15, Edw. L the following entry occurs: * Rothery 
()'Flaverty reddit x. marcas de tine, pro pace haben- 
da."— Berm. Tower, Dublin. 

Y Vide ante, p. 1, note > and p, 57, note b, 

2 This term was usually applied by the settlers to 
Chief of 
his nation.” which occurs so often in the Anglo-Nor- 


express the Irish clan, tribe, or family. 
man reconta, meant chief of his clan. It was some- 
times applied to the settler themselves. Thus, 
é William Blake and the rest of his nation. “— -fnte, 


p. 216 

4 Four Masters. 

b Id. A.D. 1396. Our author, Roderic O'Flaherty, 
in his MS notes to the Annals of the Four Master, 
preserved in Trin. Col, Lib. Dublin, staten, that on this 
occasion, the son of Cathal bwidhe O'Flaherty was 
killed: and that thirty-three of the O'Malleys were 
drowned. It would appear that the strife did net end 
with this, for the same Annals further relate, thes ia 
A. D. 1418, " Roderic, son of Morogh 0’ Fiahunty 
(Gen. Table, I. No, 32). Roderic, son of Dermot: df 
(Flaherty (Id. No. 31), and sixteen others of the 
(1 Flaherties were drowned in the bay of Umaliliia,* 
probably when on a similar plundering execuraies. 

« Sew the Annals of the Four Masters. ad am 1416, 


- 


383 


Until late in the sixteenth century, the English knew as little of Iar-Connaught 
or its people, as did their forefathers, in the days of Sir John Maundevyle, of ‘ the 
land of Prestre John or the men of Inde.” Leonard Lord Gray, towards the end of 
the reign of Henry VIII, was the first Deputy of Ireland who deigned, or rather ven- 
tured, to approach these western regions. Thus he wrote to the King in A. D. 1538, 
é to the same towne (Galwey) cam to me Hugh Offart chieff capitayne of his countre 
called Oyle’, and submittyd’.” This submission was expressed in the following 
curious indenture, between His Majesty and the “ Chieff,” to which the latter af- 
fixed his seal, for he could not subscribe his name:— 

é Heec Indentura facta xiii? die Julii, apud villam Regis de Galwey, a° xxx” 
Illustrissimi Regis Henrici VIII. inter dictum potentissimum Dominum nostrum, Hen- 
ricum VIII. ex parte una, et Hugonem O’Flarte capitaneum patrie sue, ex parte altera; 
Testatum, concordatum, concessum, et conventum fore, inter dictum illustrissimum 
dominum Regem nostrum et prefatum O’Flarte, per presentes, et prefatus O’Flarte 
concedit pro se heredibus et successoribus suis, quod ipsi et eorum quilibet qui erunt 
capitanei patrie sue, solvant aut faciant predicto Domino Regi, heredibus et succes- 
soribus suis Regibus Anglie, per annum c'. ster. et eosdem denarios, solvend. esse 
sub-thesaurario dicti domini Regis, regni sui Hibernie, ad usum dicti domini Regis, 
semel in anno, ad festum sancti Michaelis archangeli: Et preterea, prefatus Hugo 
O’F larte concedit, pro se, heredibus et successoribus suis, quod ipsi et quilibet eorum qui 
erunt capitanei, invenire debent Regis deputato, pro tempore existente, ad omne com- 
mune viagium, quod erit constitutum per Regis deputatum, xl. turbarios bene ordi- 
natos, secundum formam belli, sumptibus suis propriis. In cujus rei testimonium, pre- 
fatus capitaneus presentibus sigillum suum apposuit, die, loco, et anno supradictis.”— 
Irrot. in offic. Vice-thesaurar. Dub. 

At 


1415, 1422, 1439, 1503. One of our author’s MS. of Enachduin. But this is doubtful, for I have not 


notes to the Four Masters (see last note, ») is as fol- 
lows: “Brianus OF O'Flaherty, (-1. Brian na 
noinseach) occidentalis Connacie heres, a Rickardo 
O§ de Burgo captus.— MS. L. Mac Firb. 68.” Hugh 
Mor O'Flaherty nach glacadh airgead, who would 
not take money (supposed to have been so called per 
antiprasim; see Sir Henry Piers’ description of 
West Meath, in Vallancey’s Collect. vol. I. p. 114, 
Ed. 1770), who was the chief of the name in A. D. 
1400, is stated in the Book of Pedigrees, Office of 
Arms, Dublin, to have in that year built the church 


found it verified by any other authority. This chief 
is No. 80 in Gen. Table, II. Morogh (31), son of 
Brien (30), died A. D. 1419.—Four Masters. Gil- 
duff, his brother (31), died A. D. 1442.— Id. 

4 From this it is evident that the Lord Deputy 
did not know even the name of Hugh O’Flaherty’s 
country; but finding that a river called Aille, ran 
through it (which river is now called the Ally, 
abain na h-Clille, see map, et ante p. 62, 
note *), he gave the name of the river to the district. 

¢ State Papers, Lond. 1884, Vol. iii. p. iii. p. 61. 


384 


At this time a young chief was growing up in the west, who was destined to per- 
fourm a conspicuous part in the affairs of Iar-Connaught, for nearly the remainder of the 
sixteenth century. This was the celebrated and still remembered Morugi: ra d-tuadh 
[Murrough of the buttle-axes"] O'Flaherty”, who was hereditary chieftain of the ter- 
ritory of Gnomore, which formed the northern portion of the present barony of Mos- 
eullen in the county of Galway. This individual became the most distinguished and 
powerful of his name, having been appointed by Queen Elizabeth chieftain or head of 
all the O’Flaherties, although he was not of the senior branch. On succeeding to hu 
inheritance, he made the castle of Fuathaidh" (ough) his principal residence : and frum 
thence he nade frequent incursions on the territory of Thomond, and on the posees- 
sions of the English in the vicinity of Lough Orbsen. At length, Conor O’Brien 
the third Earl of Thomond, provoked by his aggressions, marched against him, in A. D. 
1560, with an army. The Earl proceeded from Thomond through the territory of 
Clanrickard, until he came to the ford of Tir-oilean (Zirelan), now corruptly ( Terry- 
fond), near Galway. Here he was opposed by some of the citizens, whe endeavoured w 
prevent his passage, but, having been supported by others, he crossed the ford. and 
continued his course through the country of the Joyces, by the castle of Fusthaidh, 
and Bonbonan mountain.  Morrough retreated before him towards the western 
mountains, and the Earl. unable to come up with him, was forced to return. without 
having achieved any action worthy of so perilous an expedition’. 

Soon after this, the Earl of Clanrickard undertook an expedition against Morrough, 
as well to prevent his incursions on the Earl's territory of Muintir Murchadha, (now 
the barony of Clare) as to put the country of lar-Connaught under contribution. He 
accordingly, in A.D. 1564. dispatched a considerable body of troops to lar-Connaught. 
Morrough, as before, retired to his fastnesses ; whereupon the Earl took the prey of the 
whole country, consisting of numerous herds of cattle, which his people drove on to 
wards the pass at Galway. on their way to Clanrickurd. These were pursued by 
Morrough with a chosen party. who overtook them at Trabane (the white strand), about 
two miles west of Galway; and an engagement took place, in which the Earl's troops 
were entirely defeated. An account of this occurence, written at the time, states 
that “the Earl's people were forced to turn their bucks, and the most part of them 


were 
f According to tradition, he was se called from —the ancient [rish. 
having obtained a great victery over a superior g Gen. Table, I No. 36. 
force, with a small body of pralloslasses, armed only b This castle was situate near the present teen 


with battle-axes.--.See Ware's Antiq. by Harris, ch of Ouhterard.—See aate, p. 53, note 5. 
xxi, for the use of this formidable weapon amongst i Four Masters. 





385 


were drowned in the sea and river of Galway;” derisively adding, that “some got 
over the river, but such was their apprehension of death, that they knew not how. 
Timor pedibus addidit alas’.”” This affair was of too serious a nature to be overlooked 
by the Government. It was debated whether the turbulent chieftain should be over- 
come by force, which, considering the difficulty of access to his country, would be at- 
tended with considerable trouble; or whether he ought not to be gained over by con- 
ciliation, and be thereby made a fitting instrument to keep the remainder of his name 
and kindred in subjection. Happily for Morrough and his descendants, the latter 
course was determined on. He was proffered a free and general pardon for all his 
offences; and that he should, moreover, be appointed by the Queen to the rule or 
chieftainship of the whole country of Iar-Connaught. He accepted the terms; and, 
accordingly, a pardon issued under the great seal, to “ Morgho ne doo O’Flarte of 
Mogh (Fough) in the province of Connaght, gent., for all murders, homicides, killings, &c 
by him at any time heretofore committed ;” in consideration whereof, he promised to 
‘‘ observe the Queen’s peace, to appear and answer at all sessions within the province 
whenever called upon, and to satisfy the demands of all the Queen’s subjects, accord- 
ing to justice and equity*.” This pardon was accompanied by letters patent, constitut- 
ing him chieftain of Iar-Connaught. The curious instrument by which that mere 
Irish jurisdiction was, through necessity, countenanced and legalized by the Queen, is 

here given from the original :— 
é“ Elizabetha Dei gratia, Anglie, Francie et Hibernie Regina, fidei defensor, &c. om- 
nibus ad quos presentes littere pervenerint, salutem. Sciatis quod nos, de vera obe- 
diencia 


J See p. 60, ante ; also Dutton’s Statistical Survey 
co. Galway, p. 241. About this time a horrible 
scene of outrage occurred in Iar-Connaught among 
the O'Flaherties. Hugh og (Gen. Table, II. No. 
33), chief of the territory of Gnobeg, which compri- 
sed the southern portion of the present barony of 
Moycullen), being old and infirm, his son, Mortagh 
(Id. No. 84), assumed the chieftainship. Some dif- 
ferences having arisen between him and Donall 
Crone (Id. No. 34), then chief of all the O'Flaher- 
ties, and the septs of Edmond O'Flaherty (Id. No. 
34), and of Moriertagh reagh ; these all conspired 
against Mortagh of Gnobeg, and murdered him and 
four of his children. They then took the old chief, 
Hugh, and him they imprisoned in his castle of Moy- 
cullen, where they ‘‘detained him without meat or 

IRISH ARCH. SOC. IS. 


drinke until he died by famyn.” These malefactors 
were at the time branded with the name of “ mur- 
derers.” Their avowed object was to wrest the terri- 
tory of Gnobeg from the descendants of Gilduff, 
(Id. No. 31), by cutting off the entire race; but in 
that they failed, for an infant child of Mortagh, 
viz. Rory or Roderic (Id. No. 35), was preserved, 
and succeeded to the inheritance. It will be seen in 
the Geneaological Table, that this Rory was grand- 
father of our author (Id. No. 37). It does not ap- 
pear that Morrough of the battle-axes had any hand 
in this transaction ; but that he had formed designs 
on Gnobeg will appear in the sequel. 

k Original Fiant of Queen Elizabeth, preserved in 
the Rolls’ Office, Dublin, File xvii. No. 1184. 


3 D 


386 


diencia Woroghe ne do M° Teiye CO" Flartye erga nos et successores nostros, qui se ad 
capitaneatum patrie de Ehyrconaght humiliter petiit per nos admitti; propteres quod 
Donaldus Crone O’Flarty, nunc capitaneus patrie predicte, non est sufficiens nec ide 
neus ad officium illud exercendum, nec in ullo regimine et gubernatione expertus, ad 
illam patriam gubernandam, minusque habilis ad capitancatum illud exequendaum 
tum etiam propter disobedienciam suam : nes igitur plurimum contidentes, cundem 
Morogh ne do MS Teige O’Fflartie, de gratia nostra speciali, ac ex certa scientia et 
mero motu nostris, ex assensu predilecti et fidelis consiliarii nostri Henrici Sidney, &e 
deputati nostri generalis regni nostri Hibernie, capitaneum patric predicte numinamus, 
ordinamus, preficimux et. deputamus, per presentes; habendum, tenendum et occu- 
pandum dictum officium capitaneatus patrie predicte, cum omnibus et singulis com- 
moditatibus, proficuis, advantagiis, pertinenciis, et emolumentis quibuscunque eidem 
officio quomedolibet spectantibus, eidem Moroghe ne do M' Teige O’Fflartie, quam 
diu se bene gesserit ut noster fidelis subditus, ac patriam predictam et nostros bonos 
subditos in eadem rite tuerit et gubernaverit; accedatque ad nostrum deputatum, sea 
alium vel alios dicti regni nostri gubernaturem sive gubernatores pro tempore existen- 
tes, et ad concilium regni nostri predicti, quandocunque et quotiescunque sic ad ews 
aceedere habnerit in mandatis. Ac insuper volumus et concedimus, quod predietus 
Morogh ne dó Mt Teig O’Filartie sulvet prefuto deputato nostro, pro fine nominstionis 
ejusdem Morogh ne do M° Teig O’Ftlartic, ac admissione sua ad capitaneatum predic- 
tum, quadraginta pingues vaccas, et eas liberet apud Galwey, secundum placitum et 
voluntatem deputati nostri predicti; reservatis semper nobis et successoribus nostris, 
omnibus et singulis talibus juribus, servitis, oneribus et demandis, que extra patriam 
predictam, de antiquo, exeunt et nobis sunt debita; et idem Morogh ne do M* Tew 
(YFilurtie, ratione capitunvatus sui predicti, prestare et solvere tenetur. Eo quod 
expressa mentio, &e. In cujus rei, &e. Teste &c. Datum 20° die Octobris, anno regni 
undecimo!,” A. D. 1569. 

In the interesting account of the battle of Shruel, given by the Four Masters. A. D. 
1§70, it is stated, that Morrough of the battle-axes was present with the Bourkes af 
Mayo, and tought in that battle against the Queen’s forces. This appears somewhat 
unaccountable, particularly after his recent adhesion and appointment. But it may 
he possible that he was mistaken by the Annalists for some other chief of the name”. 


All 


' Rot. Pat. de anny 12° Eliz. fae. treasons, munlers, &c., granted under the gress sal 
™ This is merely conjectural. The Four Masters to Murrouch of the battle. axes, by Queen Elizabuth 
are sldom wrong. It is a singular fact, that thene But these political indulgences were encouraged as 
are on record, no Jess than tive general pardons. for sources Of revenue, from the fines which thev produced. 





387 


All the O’Flaherties, particularly those of Conmaicne-mara and Gnobeg, became in- 
censed at Murrough for “ joining the Queen of the English;” but above all, for pre- 
suming, under pretence of her authority, which they despised, to claim any jurisdiction 
to the disparagement of Donell Crone (the mighty or valiant) O'Flaherty", the legiti- 
mate chief whom they all acknowledged. 

To the same Annalists the reader is again referred for subsequent transactions; 
particularly in A. D. 1572, by the Mac an Iarlas, the sons of the earl of Clanrickard. 
These ‘‘ graceless impes,” as they are termed by Holinshed, levied an army and broke 
out into open rebellion against the Catlleac gpdnoa, “the ugly hag,” as they 
themselves commonly called the Queen. Amongst other projects, they resolved 
to penetrate into Iar-Connaught, and seize and fortify the strongholds there, as 
ultimate places of retreat, to enable them to hold out the longer against the govern- 
ment. Morrough of the battle-axes communicated their plan to the president of 
the Province, who immediately proceeded, with his disposable force and cannon, 
to Tar-Connaught; and laid seige to the strong castle of Achadh na n-Iubhar 
(Aghnanure), then held by the descendants of Donel] O'Flaherty, who were dis- 
affected to the State, and ready to join the Mac an Jarlas. The President having 
taken the castle, delivered it to Morrough, by whom it was soon after re-fitted and 
fortified® ; and it thenceforth became the principal residence of himself and his de- 
scendants. After this, he rapidly increased in power and possessions, or, as described 
by one of his contemporaries, he ‘‘waxed stronge.” The Queen had it in contemplation 
to raise him to the dignity of the peerage’, by creating him a baron, but that inten- 
tion was not carried into effect. Although, in general, he preserved his “loialtie to 
the State,” more through policy than inclination, yet he was guilty of frequent and 
violent acts of injustice against his less powerful kindred and neighbours. Of those 
outrages, I select one, which shall be told in the words of the parties concerned; and 
will be found to present a curious picture of the state of society at this period in Iar- 


Connaught. 
‘ To the right honorable Sir John Perrott, knight, lo: deputy 
of her Majesties realm of Ireland. A.D. 1584. 
‘‘Complaynninge sheweth unto your honnorable good lordshipp, your poore and 
dayly orator Roger Fflahartie of Moycullin*’ in the county of Gallwaie, that wher he 
hath 
n Gen. Table, II. No. 34. of Banagher was rebuilt by O'Carroll! in A. D. 1544. 
o About this period several of the Irish chiefs —— Four Masters. 
built and repaired castles in various parts of the P See antc, p. 307, note, par. 10. 
kingdom. Thus we find that the castle of Leitrim 8 Our Author’s grandfather. See ante, p 309, 


was built by O'Rourke in A. TD. 1540, and the castle D note 4, 
3 2 


388 


hath been verie unjustlie and tiraniously expulsed out of his lands and inheritance of 
Gnobegg, in the said countie. and his castle of Moycullin aforesaid taken, spoyled, and 
raised, his corne burnt, and his goods and cattles forciblie taken away by one Jforeghe 
ne doe O’ Fflahartie, and his sonnes and ffollowers; and the renntes and profhitts of his 
said launds detained these ten years past, with certaine unlawfull contribuciuns and 
ymposicions, also taken and exacted by the said Morogh, uppon and out of your 
orator’s said Jaund of Gnobeg, countrarie to law and equitie, as by a note hereof 
hereunto annexed more particulerly doth appere: notwithstandinge that her Ma- 
jestie’s most honnorable privie counsaile, hath written their letters unto the IL 
Justices of this realme, and the governnor of Connaght, for abolishinge of the said 
unlawfull ymposicions and exactions; contrary to divers orders sett down by the 
severall governors of this realme, for redresse of the harmes comitted untu your orator 
by the said Moroghe. And for as much as the said Moroghe never came in to any 
eessions Without protection or some other assurance, and never suffreth any of ber 
Majestics officers to come into this countrey (a greater prerogative than any subject 
ought to be permitted to have) whercby your orator could geatt no kind of restitucion 
or remedy against him, to his utter undoinge and to his domadges of the some sett 
downe in the said note. It may please your lo. to take such order as the said 
Moroghe maie be compelled to make satisfaction of the premisses, and to desist from 
henctorth to exact any such thinge out of the said countrey, nor interupt your orator 
in the quiet and peaceable possession of his said inheritaunce, and he shal] pray."— 
Er Orig. 
“A brief noate of such lostes and domadges as Roger Fflahertie of 
Moycullin gent. hath sustained by Moroghe na doe O’ F flahertie, 
his sonnes and followers, thes tenne yeures past. May, 1584. 
1. Ftirst, the said Moroghe have taken upp everie yeure out of the said 1 
Rogers owne laundes and Inheritaunce of Gnobege, and unlawfull 
contribucon, never used afore his time, of the some of XL." per ann. to un.” de. 
say XX." out of the Spedle, and xx." out of Tollekihain and Balle 
Imulgauin. So it amounts theis ten years, cc." 
2 Itim, he hath received of rente out of the said Rogers landes of 
Bocunan, Coyll Roe, Garmant and Qhaire, the some of ten" sterr. t.' ís. 
per ann. menting theis ten yeares, ¢.” . 
Cunamara, vix, Balle n'Enry, Baille 1 luy, Baille m‘leymie, and | UL" cama 
Ryne myll Ohuoy, the some of XL. cowes and XX." In níoney per ann. 


It.” de 


J 
3. Ium, he hath received yearely out of the said Rogers laundes |“ 


Which ainounteth for theis teun yeares iii cowes and iS" in money 





389 


4. Itim, he hath received out of the said Rogers laundes of Moycullin, 
to say, in beoves, corne, butter, and money, xL." per ann. which 
amounteth theis ten years to the sum of iiii.“!, with xL." yearely out 
of Inish m* Trier, maks 

5. Itim, in an order for buyldinge the castle and towne of Moy Cullin 1 
aforesaid, rased, burned, and spoyled by him the said Morogh, his Í ut é. 
sonnes and followers, the som of ii." 

6. Itim, contained in the said Rogers booke againste the said Moroghe 
and his sons and ffollowers, in prayes, burning of corne and houses, 
besides other spoyles, and murtherin of his tenauntes, the some of 
VIII.” LVI." 

7. Itim, the said Rogers chardges theise ten yeares, in prosecutinge and | 
followinge theis suits, cometh to the some of ." sterr. 


III.” XX. dz. 


vu. Lv. i. 


1.7 U4. 


— 


Ex orig. Sum totall is Í oidi 


é The aunswere of Moroghe ne doe. 


é“ Thereunto cometh the said Moroghe and saieth, that he knoweth not what landes 

or tenementes doth the complainante demande, for the truth is, that Gnovegg is a 
great pice of a countrie, wherein many ffreeholders and gent., as well of other nacons 
and surnames as of the Fflaherties, hath severall inheritaunces and freholds, for which 
eich of them are to make answer, when the said Roger doe or will exhibit complaint 
against them; wherfore this deff. praieth that the pl. may be compelled to lay downe 
in his bill, in certain, what towns and laundes he doth demaunde of the said deff., 
that he may make answer thereunto. And as to the rasinge and breaking downe of 
the castle of Muckullin, the deff. saieth that divers notorious traytours, as Williame 
Negillaghe O’Hallowran, and divers other notable traytours and malefactours of the 
said O’Hallorans, did garde and kepe the said castle, who made daily incursions out 
of the said castle uppon her Ma™* good subjectes that dwelled in the countrie there- 
aboutes, and comitted divers roberies, spoiles, and owtrages uppon her Ma“ said 
subjectes, to ther greate hindraunce, and to the open breach of her Ma™ peace ; for 
redresse whereof the said deff. was forced, being then as nowe he is, chief captain of 
that countrie, to raise upp aforce of her Ma" subjectes to withstand and represse the 
owtragious disorder of the said treytours, which he could be no meanes bringe to 
passe till such tyme as he toke the said castle, which then, for the comon quiet, he 
rased and defaced some part thereof, fearinge least the said malefactours, or others of 
lick disposicions, would inter in the said castle againe, and of new fall to the comittinge 
of 


39° 


of like hurttes: without that he burned any corne in the said towne and castle. cr 
toke any goods from thence, which if he had, as in dede he did not, he thincketh that 
he maie lawfullie doe, secinge that the said traitours wer with the corne and cattle of 
the said towne (yf any ther wear) from tyme to tyme relived and maintained, as the 
said deff. can sufficiently prowe; without that the said Morogh hath tiranously 
or wrongfullie expulsed, or in any other maner deseised the said Roger of the said 
castle, as in the bill is slaunderously alledged ; and without that the said castle and 
towne doe wholly belong to the said pl. And as to the goods, money, cowes, rente, 
and other thinge taken owt of the townes, laicd down in the first, second, and third 
article annexed unto the compl’ bill, the said Moroghe saicth, that whatsoever he hath 
taken owt of the said towns, that he is not to make any answer unto the pl. ther- 
fore, for that of verie truth, neither the thinge taken, nor the lande mencioned in the 
said articles, are not the proper goodes nor in any wise the lande of the pL But for 
verie truth and to satistie your Honnor, rather then of any necessitie that he ought 
to answer the plaintif, he saicth that he is, by her Ma"* apvintm', capten and chief 
both of his conntrey and nacon, in right whereof’ as a perquisitt, rennt, and chiefferie 
belonginge to the said captain, he doth and did take upp yearely, accurdinge to the 
custome of the said countrie, such dewties as belongeth to the said captenshipp, es 
all those (tyme out of mynd hath done before him) that had and enjoyed his rome, 
which, as the deff. thinketh, is that thinge that the compl. laicth downe in the said 
Articles to be wrongfully taken. And as to the beoves, corne, and other thinge 
tuken owt of Muckellin contained in the fowerth article, the deff. saieth that he toke 
no more there then that which he ought to have taken as in right of his said capten- 
shipp, which in dede is not nere so much as the compl. complaincth of, yf it be any 
thinge at all, and withall saicth, that if ther were any cause of complaint, as in dede 
there is not, that the compl. hath no cause to complaine but only for the vin® parte, 
for, in truth, he is not, nor in right ought not to have, but only the eight parte of 
that towne and castle; and as tur the order mencioned in the vth article, he saieth he 
ought not in conscience to be tied or hindered thereby, for that he was never called to 
answer thereunto, and that the said order was taken onely uppon bare suggestions of 
the compl. To the vi" article the deif. saieth that he knoweth not what is mencioned 
in the boukes of the compl, which, when he shall see, will make such answer there- 
unto as beeometh. And saicth further, that he thineketh (not confessinge any thinge 
in the said article to be true) that the compl. tenanntes never had so many kyne 
And as to the vn" article, he saieth that he is not bounde by lawe nor conscience to 
answer any chardges that the compl. was at. for that if he did spend so much, that 
the same was for his owne pleasure, and not of any necessitie that be was drivwen 


into 


aill 


391 


into by the deff., for the deff. did never at any tyme withhold or kepe any thinge 
from him that of right he ought to have. And the said deff. saieth further, that if 
he were, as in dede he is not, to answer or satisfiie the compl. for any wronge. 
domadges, chardges, reparacons, or other demaundes what soever, that nowe he 
is clerely dischardged thereof, by reason that it was fully agreed betwixt the said 
Roger and Moroghe na doe, that the said Roger should cleerly forgive all manner of 
wronges, enjuries and demaundes whatsoever he had against the said Moroghe, in con- 
sideracon that he, the said Morogh, should give leave and permitt the pl. to build the 
castle of Mockullin, and that the said Moroghe should lickwise release and forgive all 
manner of demandes that he had against the compl., save onely such right he lawfullie 
hath to the said castle, as by good and sufficient prouf shall apere before your honnor.” 

é Referred to Sir Richarde Binghame, Knt., to take order thereon. Jo. PERROTT.” 
— Orig. 

The foregoing documents are preserved in the old collegiate library of Galway. 
The following testimony, afterwards given between the contending parties, has been 
abstracted from the Patent Roll, de anno 29° Eliz’. 

“ Depositions taken ad perpetuam rei memoriam the xx" Aug. 1585. 

“ TEIGE NE BULLY O’FLARERTY’*, of the Arde, in the county of Galway, esq., of 
the adge of threescore years or there-aboutes, saieth, that Gnobegg was the auncient 
enheretance of Gilleduff O’Flahertie; that he had it to him and to his children ; and 
that he died seized thereof and his heires had it after him. Also saith there was an 
elder brother that had no parte or portion of Gnobegg, but had his porcon in another 
place, called Gnomore. Gnobegg doth conteyne the townes of Moycullen, and is the 
chief towne in the same, and also the chief towne of Clonduff, the townes of Bally- 
nacgillevay, Theowre, Killeahin, Curraghduff, the town of Cosshoone, the towne or 
great quarter of Barney, the towne of Forbaugh, the quarter of Spiddell, the Kcy]- 
leroe, Moyaskrogh and Bocnua, the towne of Ogharry, the towne of Tulkian, the 
towne of Mulgorme, the towne of Ballequirke, the towne of Curcullen, the parcelles 
of land called Lettermillanie and Germana, the islande called Inish M‘a trire, with 
the lands of Connomarra, Airdbeara, Baillenlemy, Baile-I-wile, and Runvyleohway. 
Gnobegg is bounded from Srwan I gravan hard to Galway, saveinge the liberties, 
and so alonge the ryver of Donkeylie' to Galway aforesaid by easte. Hughe More 
M° Gylleduff was son and heire to Gilleduff, and his best son, and was possessed of all 
Gnobegg. Hugh Oge O’Flahertie, grandfather to Roger O’Flahertie, was son to the 
said Hugh more, and the premisses dissended to him, and that the said Hugh oge was 
seised of Moycullen to him and his heirs, and died seized of the same. Saith, that 

Moriertagh 


r Rolls Office, Dublin. s Gen. Table, II. No. 35. ! See ante, p. 62, note 2. 





392 


Moriertagh O’Fflahertic, father to the said Roger, was son and heire unto the said 
Hugh oge, and he never knew any of that nacon to clayme anie thinge of the pre 
misses but he; that there is no other sonnes to the said Roger, and that he is his 
right and lawfull son and heire. For cause of knowledge saith, that he knew the 
said Murtagh to be married to Evelin ny Kirevan, during which mariadge the seid 
Roger was borne. That O’Flahertie did use to cate meate amongst them. and monic 
paied to him. That he herd the secte of the parcelles, now inhabitors of the said landes, 
confesse that there was due to the secte of Gilleduff 40 pence sterlinge of annuall 
reut, but nowe of late Morogh ne do waxing stronge, took the rent he herd saie. 

‘Connor Conny O’DowRran (Duane) of Bonoen, agreth with the said Teigein mat- 
ter and substance. Saith, that he is serjeant of O’Ftlahertics countrie, and so was his 
father before him; and that he heard the premisses of his father and other auncient 
men, and thereof? in his own tyme did see verye muche. 

* JoHN BLEY, priest, of the adge of 70 yeares or thereaboutes, saith, that for Gille- 
duff he did not knowe him, but he sawe and knewe his sept to have and enjoy the 
foresaid Gnobege. The cause of his knowledge is, that he was parish priest of the 
said Gnobegg all that time, being about fortie yeres agoe, and amongest the henefac- 
tors of the churche did finde him written, and did pray for him accordinge their 
customs, Agreeeth with the first precontest in all points, and touching all the townes 
and landes aforesaid, savinge Leytermylian, Garmana, Connomarra, and Inche m' Atrire. 
Saith, that Mortagh O’Fflahertie, son to the said Hugh Ove, and father to the sayd 
Roger, was slayn in the said castle of Moycullen; & ther is no doubt but that the 
said Roger O'Flahertie is the right and Jegittimate son and heire to the said Murtagh, 
for he saieth, that the said Mortagh and Evelin Kirevan, his wife, were maried, and, 
as he remembreth, yt was himself that baptized the said Roger. 

* Dermott Mac Mcrrovucue of Ballymulgromie. in said co., of the adge of 6c 
years, saicth that Hugh oge was son to Hugh more, aforesaid; and was “ Flaherty,’ 
and father unto Murtagh, father unto the said Roger, and was seized of the towne of 
Moyeullen, with the appurtenances afuresaid, before he was O'Flahertie and after. 
and thereof died seized; and further saith he, to prove the same true, the said 
Murtagh was slayne by the sect of Edmond O'Flahertie. viz Bryen O'Flaherty, and 
Donel] Crona, who is yet alyve, and the sect of Moriertagh Reogh, together, and four 
of his son and that the said Hugh oge, then ©*Flahertie, and grandfather to the 
sald Roger, was taken by the .nurderers, and with them detayned without meate and 
drunke, untill he died by famyn att Meyeullen aforesaid. That O*Flahertie, us. 
Hugh oge, and his son Murtagh O'Flaherty, had cute of the islands Eddy the 
annual] rent of ten grotes sterling, as their inheritance. That he is a freeholder in 


that 


393 


that country, and were borne in the said Gnobegg, and hath remembrance thereof 
these fiftie yeares, and hath kept howse uppon and within the same, cheefe thirteen 
yeares, and so deposed. 

“TEIGE Mac FynninE O'HALLORAN of Ohayry in the said countie, gent., of the 
adge of 70 yeares, sworn, saith, that O’Flahertie had services and duties out of every 
parte of Gnobegg, and that he himself did paie him duty oute of his own land when 
he dwelled under him. That the said Roger’s auncestors had an annuall rent oute of 
the Islands Eddy, but what some certaine he knoweth not. The cause of his knowledge 
in the premisses is, that he was born in the said Gnobegg, att Renveile-Owhoye, and 
dwelt in Gnobegg many yeres, until aboute 8 or 9 yeres agoe he was driven away and 
thrust oute of his castles and lands by his kinsmen, Moroghe ne doo, since which 
time he hath dwelt in Clanricard. 

“ OwEN M° TEIGE of Clonduff in the said county, gent., of thadge of 60 yeres, 
saith, that Hugh oge was son to the s* Hugh more, and ‘lord O’Flahertie :” that he 
herd say that Roger, his predecessor, had as of anuall rent the some of 3" 4* oute of 
the Islands of Eddy ; the cause of his knowledge is, that he sawe the said Roger's 
grandfather, Hugh oge O’Flahertie, aforesaid, to be ‘ Lord O’Flahertie’ in the pre- 
misses, and never sawe any man to speake any thinge against him in the same, and 
was born in the countrie, as in Clonduff, and there hath dwelled all his life. 

“ DERMoTT M° BRIEN of Tullykean in the said com., gent., of thadge of so yeres, 
saith, that the said Hugh oge was ‘ O’Flahertie,’ and died seized of the premisses as 
of his inheritaunce, and was son to the said Hugh more; and to verefie the same, he 
saith that when his son, Mortagh O’Flahertie, was slayn in Moycullen, he himself 
was taken by the murderers and detayned by them untill he died at Moycullen. 

“ OweEN M*° DERMop O'HALLARAINE of Barney, gent., of thadge of so yeres, 
saith Hugh more was son to Gilleduff, as he hath hard, and had the premisses, and 
was chief lord; and Hugh oge was son to the said Hugh more, and was ‘O’Ffla- 
hertie.’ 

“ MogoGH M°GILLEDUFF SHoyocu (Joyce) of Sean Ballyard gent., of thadge of 
40 yeres, saith that Roger’s auncestors had 8" 4* sterling of annuall rent oute of the 
Islands Eddy, for he sawe the same paid to the said Roger’s father, Moriertagh 
O'Fflahertie. The cause of his knowledge is, that he was bredd and borne in Gnobegg, 
and there lyved and dwelt until the said Roger’s father and brethern were there 
slayne, and then they were all thrust oute by Moroghe ny doo. 

““MoRERTAGH M° DoNELL of the Spiddle gent., of thadge of 60 yeres, saith, that 
Hugh more M*Gilleduff was “O'Flaherty,” and held all Gnobegg as well before he 
was ‘O'Flaherty’ as after, and thereof died seized as of his inheritaunce; that Hugh 

IRISH ARCH. SOC. IS. 3E oge 


394 


oge was seised of the premisses as of his inheritaunce; that Moriertagh father to the 
said Rover was son to the said Hugh oge, and was slayne with four of his sonnes att 
Moycullen; and that there belongeth to that (Gilleduff’s) sect out of Island Eddy 
3" 4" sterling, for he was with Morertagh, father to the said Roger, in Gallway. 
drinking wine, when the same was paid to him by the Parcelles.”"—Orig. Roll. 

These disputes were probably arranged, about the time that the Composition was 
entered into in September, 1585, with Sir John Perrott, for the Queen‘. Immediately 
previous to that measure, and as part of the preparation for it, the degree of knight- 
hood was conferred on Morrough of the battle-axes ; but so far was that long-contem- 
plated arrangement from pacifying the province, that it appears rather to have occa- 
sioned the outrages which followed". The indenture was scarcely signed, when Sir 
Richard Bingham, himself a party to it, “ dispatched seven or eight bands of soldiers” 
to Jar-Connaught, who plundered and burned the country of Sir Morrough, and slew 
“men, women, and children” indiscriminately throughout the entire district’. These 
proceedings xo enraged the ill-treated chieftain, that he at once forgot his new ~ degree 
of knight-hode,” abandoned all his former deep and cautious policy, and, in an evil 


é So hostile were the O'Flahertices to the Compo- 
sition, that not one of the name, except Murrough 
himself, acknowledged or executed the indenture ; 
they would not even allow any of the other freeholders 
of the district te appear on the occasion, The clause 
alluding to "' the just dealings of Sir Richard Biny- 


hame” (see aate, p. 312), was considered so falae 


and insulting, that they unanimously refuse to 
subscribe to it. That extraordinary man was uni- 
versally detested by the native Irish. | They con- 
sidered him as a sanguinarv monster, and full dearly 
An ac- 


count of his proceedings, and there are abundant 


did he make them pay for the imputation. 


materials for it, would form a most interesting: piece 
of Trish history. 

‘Sir Murrough steadfastly adhered to the Campo- 
sition until he was forced into rebellion, aa above, 
In A.D, 1585, he atteuded the Parliament which met 
in Dublin. While there, an information was exhi- 
bited against him by one William Sweete, to recover 
the penalties ineurred under the Act 10 Hen. VEL, 
For that. on the 1st April, in 
the 27th vear of the Queen - reign, the said Morreche 


acainst Retainers : 


moment, 


ne Dowe, knight, at Kilmaynham, in the cvanty d 
Dublin, rvtamed in his service Wiliam Martyrs, 
Anthony Lynch Fitz-Thomas, Stephen Eo Freach, 
and Cornelius O’Halleran, of the town of Galway. 
merchants; and gave to them four several cloaks fr 
their livery, to serve him, the said Morroghe ua 
Dowe, knight, as reteyners, against the form of the 
statute aforesaid ; wherefure the aforesaid Willan 
Swecte, as well fur the said laity the Queen, as fr 
himself, sevks the advice of the Court in the pre 
mises, and that the afuresaid Morroghe ne Dewe. 
knight, shall forfeit £40; viz. for every of the affore- 
said persons no by him retained £20, amd that the 
same William a moiety thereof may have. according 
to the form of the statute.” ke — Ret. Mem. in Offie. 
Cup. Rem. Scace. de an. 28° Eliz. 

¢ Among the slain was Owen, the eldest san df 
Lanhnaill an chugaidh (Gen. Table, IT. No. 37), eba 


and his brother. Morogh, were named as contracting 


part ies in the deil of Composition dated a few months 
Their incther was the celebrated Gras 
See aate, p. 309. nute © 


befor, 
Wreale. 





395 


moment, joined the confederates, and raised the standard of rebellion against the 
Queen. In the numerous conflicts which followed, and which will be found detailed 
in the Annals so often referred to, his losses were immense. His country was repeat- 
edly plundered, and several of his sons (of whom he had twelve) and grandsons were 
slain and executed. These reverses brought Sir Morrough to his senses. He soon 
repented of his rashness, suddenly withdrew from the confederacy, repaired to Dublin, 
submitted, and craved pardon. He then surrendered all his titles and possessions to 
the Crown, in the following terms: 

““ Know all men that I Sir Morough ne doe O’Flahertie knight, do hereby sur- 
render all my castles and lands within the baronies of Moycullen, Rosse and Ballyna- 
hinchy, in the county of Galway [the castles and lands are all named), and also that I 
do disclaim and surrender, for ever, the name and title of chieftain, and the name of 
O’Flshertie, and all Irish customs to the same name belonging: Provided always 
that this surrender shall not affect the right of any other person, to any of the pre- 
misses aforesaid. Sealed with my seal, the roth day of January, in the 3oth year of 
the Queen’s reign. Mem. quod die et anno supradictis, prefatus Murogh ne doe 
O’Flahertie, apud domum de Sancto Sepulcro juxta Dublin, scriptum supradictum ut 
ejus sursum-redditionem cognovit, ac ut factum suum in manibus venerand. &c. 
Adami Dublin Archiepiscopi‘, ad usum Domine Regine, ultro et sponte tradebat— 
MORGHE NE DOE -+ is marcke*’.” This surrender was followed by a pardon, and 
a grant of all his manors, lordships, castles, and lands ‘‘in O’Flahertie’s country, in 
the baronies of Moculyne, Ballinehensie and Rosse in the counties of Galway and 
Mayo, called Iher-Connoght ; or otherwise known by the names of Gnomore, 
Gnobegg, Conomarra and le Joyes’ country, to him his heirs and assigns for ever, to 
be held of the Queen, as of her manor of Arkyn in the great island of Arin’.” These 

ample 


f To induce the Irish chieftainsto embrace the Pro- priest, by whom he is seduced.” MS. Lib. Trin. 


testant religion, and gotochurch, was one of the great 
objects of Queen Elizabeth’s government in Ireland. 
Thus, captain Thomas Lee, in his declaration to the 
Queen, A.D. 1594, writes of the Earl of Tyrone: 
“When he is with the state, he will accompany the 
Lord Deputy to the church, and home again, and will 
stay and hear service and sermon; they (the Eng- 
lish of the Pale) as soon as they have brought the 
Lord Deputy to the church door, depart as if they 
were wild cats, and are obstinate, but he (in my 
conscience) with good conference, would be reform- 
ed; for he hath only one little cub of an English 


Coll. Dub. How far Sir Morrough, when deliver- 
ing his surrender as above to the Archbishop of Dub- 
lin, one of the most zealous reformers of his time, 
may have proved conformable in religion, has never 
been ascertained. 

& Fiant. File 81, No. 5945, Rolls’ Office, Dublin. 

hTb. Fiant, 12th Jan. 80th Eliz. This was an 
extensive grant, or, in the language of its day, a 
“* sweeping” one; for Sir Morrough had no territorial 
rights whatever beyond his paternal inheritance of 
Gnomore. But such grants were common in Ireland. 
Many extraordinary instances of the kind are re- 


3E2 





ue 


396 


ample “graces” were not conferred by the “State,” without ample engagements on 
the part of Sir Murrough. The principal of these was the pacification of Connaught; 
and in this project he succeeded so well with the leaders of the rebellion, that they 
agreed to lay down their arms, and submit themselves to the mercy of the Queen. 
A time was accordingly appointed for that important service. The Lord Deputy, with 
several members of the Privy Council, met the insurgent chiefs; and the following 
submission and “ Articles of Peace” were entered into: 

“ W. Fitzwilliam. 

“WHEREAS Sir Moroughe ne doe O'Flartie of Ere-Connaght, chief of his name, 
William Burke, alias the blind abbott, eldest of the low Burkes, Edmond Burke 
M° Thomas Evagherye, Meyler oge M* Walter Fadda Burke, David O’Dowde chief of 
his nume, Hugh Duffe M*‘ Moroghe O’Flartic, Shane M* Morice, Walter M' Tibott 
alias M* Tibott, Shane M* Thomas, Tibott Reoghe M* Tibott M*Gibbon, ( ) 
O’Donell, Edmond M* Tibott, Robert O’Mayle, Walter Kittaghe Burke, Walter ne 
( ) Teg roe O’Mayle, and Dualtaghe O’Connor of the sept of O'Connor Dun, 
beinge the chiefe and principall of such as latelye entered into action of rebellion in the 
county of Mayo, and in the country of Ire-Conaght, the most of them brought into 
Galway against the comminge of us the L Deputy, 1. Primett, the |. Bishop of Methe, 
Sir Robert Dillon and Sir Thomas Le Strange knights, commissioners appoynted for 
that service, flare as Galway aforesayed, the 12 of this June 1589, in the bodie of St. 
Nicholas’ church, exhibited to the Right honorable Sir William Fitzwilliam, knight, 
lord deputy, and the councell then present, upon their knees, there humble submis 
sion, the teneur whereof ensueth. 

“To the Right honorable Sir William Fitzwilliam knight, 1. Deputy general of 
Ireland. In most humble manner, and according to the loyaltie, and must boundea 
dutie to the Queen’s most gratious majestie, her royall crowne and dignitie, and also 
to your honorable good 1. makethe our lowlye and humble submission, Sir Moroghe 
(’Flartie, knight, chief of his name, William Burke alias the blind abbott, chief of 
the low Burkes, Edmond Burke M* Thomas Evagherie, Walter Mac Tibut alias 
M‘ Tibott, Edmond M¢ Tibott, and others now present, to the Queen’s majestie and 
most benigne favor, and to her crowne and scepter, and also to your good lord, as well 
tor our selves, being now present, and sett upon our knees before your L with lamen- 
tation and grief for our unhappye revolt from our natural] dutie and allegiance, as 
also for all and singular our tenants, followers and servants, and all other our most 
unhappie associates in this hatefull, odious action, raysed, put in execution and prac- 

tised 
corded, particularly in the sixteenth and seventeenth Feb. &° Jac. [., and preserved in Offic. Cap. Bm. 


centuries The above surrender and grant will be —-Scacc. Dub. 
found, in Aae verba, in an Inquisition taken 7th 





397 


tised in the county of Mayo, and the countrie of Ire-Conaght, or elsewhere whereso- 
ever within the province of Connaght, whereof we, for us all, being from them 
hereunto authorysed, and they swore and bound to us by oathe and faythe, to con- 
forme and stand to what orders or conditions soever we should agree and consent unto, 
Do not onlye acknowledge ourselves to be right heavye and humbly sorry, even from 
the bottom of our hearts, the cause or occasion thereof whatsoever, notwithstanding ; 
but also we here do offer, for and in the name of us all, to stand and performe what 
order soever your good |. and her Majesties privie council here, shall order and sett 
down, as well for our former faults in this and late falling from our duties, as also for our 
unfayned, loyall and dutifull obedience to her Majestie, her crowne and dignitie, during 
our natural lives hereafter, most humbly hassuring your honorable 1. to accept this 
our humble and unfayned submission; and that we may tast of her Majesties most 
gracious mercy, as many others as grevious and hatefull offenders heretofore have 
been. And we, from the bottom of our hearts, according to our bounden duties, 
shall, not onlie daylie and continually, most humbly praye for our most gracious 
sovereigne ladye and Queene, long to raygne with prosperitie over us, with faythfull 
promise of the venture of our lives, and the spendinge of our lands and goods to serve 
her Majestie att all tymes, but allso for your honnours longe to continew in honoura- 
ble state amongst us. 

“ Upon which there petition and humble submission, we the |. dep. and the rest 
of her Majesties councell (whose names are subscribed) entringe into the considera- 
tion of the matters, and of the great desire they have to yeald themselves to her 
Majesties grace and mercy, and to stand to such directions and orders as we, in the 
behalfe of her Highness, shall set down, have with the full and whole consent of the 
sayed Sir Morogh o’flarte, William Burke, Meyler oge, Hugh Duffe M‘ Morogh, 
O’ Dowde, Shane M“ Morice, Walter Tibott, Shane M: Thomas, Tibott Reoghe M* Tibott 
M: Gibbon, ( ) O’Donell, Walter Kittaghe Bourke, Walter ne Mullye, Teig roe 
O’Mayle, and Dualtagh O'Connor of the sept of O’Connor Dun, concluded, ordered 
and agreed, in manner and forme followinge:— 

éi, First, that every sept shall deliver in suche sufficient pledges for the obser- 
vation of the peace, and for their loyalties and obedience to her Majestie and the state, 
as wee the 1. Dep. and councell shall nominate and think meet. 

é, That the sayd Sir Moroghe, and the rest of the Burke’s and others above 
named, with the rest of their confederates, shall presently disperse their forces, and 
every one torepayre to his habitation, and to live as becometh goode and dutifull subjects. 

ég. They shall forthwith deliver to the 1. Deputy, .such Spaniards, Portagalls, 
and other foreigners of the Spanish fleets, as are now amongst them. 

4. 


398 


4.‘ The said Sir Moroghe, and the sept above named, shall make satisfaction of 
all spoyles and hurtes done by them, since the first day of intelligeances of the Com- 
missioners, as the L Dep. shall nominate and appoint for that purpose. 

6. “They shall pay such fine to the use of her Majestie, for their undutifal 
breaking out into action of rebellion, as the 1. Dep. shall lay down. 

7. ‘All which beinge performed by the sayde Sir Moroghe and the rest, accord- 
ing the expresse mcaninge hercof, then they and every of them to have her Majestie’s 
gracious generall pardon for there offences past. IN WITNESS whereof, we the L 
Dep. and the rest of her Majesties councell have hereunto put our hands, and for the 
better accomplishment of the premises, the said Sir Morogh and the rest above named, 
in behalf of themselves and of the rest of there confederates, have likewise hereunte 
put their hands. At Galway the zoth of June, in the 31 yeare of the reigne of our 
sovereign ladye Elizabeth, by the grace of God, gueene of England, France and Ire- 
land, defender of the fayth, &c.—In the presence of the Archbishop of Tuam, the Erle 
of Clanricard, the Bishop of Kildare, the Bishop of Elfin, the Bishop of Kilmacoughe, 
the Lord Birmingham, the Lord of Trimlaston, the Baron of Donkallin, Sir Hubert 
Burke ( ) Mt Davie knight, the mayor and aldermen of Galway, and divers 
others whose names thereupon endorsed. 

“WILLIAM Burke the Blind Abbott’s marke, -+.—Srr Morocae we pos 
(*FLARTIE’s marke -+-.— WALTER RITTAGH BURKE 8 marke +.— 
DuALTAGHE O’Connor’s marke -+-.—Ti1G Roe O'MAYLEY $ marke +.— 
RoBert O’MayLey’s marke -+-.—WaATER NE MtLtiy’s marke +— 
Eps. MC Trsnott’s marke --.—Tisnott M' Gippox’s marke +.— 
SHANE MC Mortcr’s marke --.—SHANE MS THomwas’s marke +. 

JOHN ARMACHAN.—THoMas Mipensis.—Ropert Dittox.—Lrcas Du- 
LoN.—Tnos, LE STR ANGE.—GEOFROY FENTON. 

Subscribed by the parties within named, and they sclempnilie swore upon the 
hollye Evangelists, as well for the performance of the peace, and all and every the art- 
cles within conteyned, as for their loyalties and duties to her Majesty henceforth; and 
for payment of her Majesties Composition money, in the presence of those whose 
names are underwritten. 

“W. Tuamens.—U,. CLANRicarp.—PETER ‘TRIMELSTON.—R. Dewegie 
LIN.—Ep. ATHENRY.—THOMAS DILLON—— ANDREW Morais, Mayor of 
Galway.—Ricarp Burke.—Natu. Dittox.— WILL. Bowres.—Wr 
Martin, Sheriff of the Co. of Galway.—Dominick Brows8.—Fra. 
SHELeEs.—Epw. BrIrMINGHAM.—GEORGE Morice, baylife of GaLway.” 

Brit. Museum, Cotton, Titus By xiii. to. 446.) 
This 


399 


This was the last political act of the life of Sir Murrough ne doe. Having sur- 
rendered the title of chieftain, he lost whatever influence he possessed over the native 
clans', and soon after disappeared from history. He died in A. D. 1593, having made 
the following will, transcribed from the original, which is preserved in the Preroga- 
tive Office, Dublin :— 

“In the name of GOD, amen—lI Sir Mourgh ne doe O’Fflaerty of Aghnenewre 
in the countye of Galwaie, knight, being sicke of boddye, weake and feeble, but of per- 
fecte memorye and remembraunce, do make this my laste Will and testament, as fol- 
loweth—-Firste I bequeathe my soule to GOD Almighty, Christe Jesus my Salviour, 
and my bodye to be buried at the disposicon of my friends as they shall appointe. I 
also bequeth that my lands and goods, together with my heyer and children, shalbe 
chargeable with all such debts as I rightlye owe. I appointe my son Rory Sheoghe 
O’Fflarty my principall heyer, and chiefe of and over my children, name, kindred, 
and countrye, in the chiefest place, degree and preheminence; and that the rest doe 
yeald reverence and dewe obedience unto him); and leave my lands, as well that which 
I have by dissente and by purchase, to him, and all the reste of my sonnes, to be indif- 
ferentlie betwixt them parted, allwaies the elder, viz. Rory Sheoghe to have the first 
eleccon and choice of eche towne and parcell, and principall porcon: the like I doe of 
all other my principall stufe furnetures, Provyded alwayes that my children shall 
agree and be friendly thon to thother. I leave to the sonne of Teig O’Fflartye, the 
roome and place of a sonne, as any of the rest of my own yonger sonnes shall have", 
reserving a choice to the thelder before the...... I leave all variances, contentions 
and strifs to happen, to be ordered and discided by my deere friends Robuck Ffrenche 
fitz John, and Anthony Linche, in all matters concerninge my landes, lordshippes, 

goods, 


1So determinately inimical were the O’Flaherties Book of Lecan, fo. 440, preserved in the library of 


to the State, that Sir Murrough could not prevail 
on any of the clan to come in and submit, except 
his own son, Hugh dubh (Gen. Table, II. No. 37). 
He himself appears to have been used as a state 
stalking-horse on the occasion, to insure the sub- 
mission of the other insurgent chiefs ; for his pardon 
had been previously granted. 

J This passage discloses a curious remnant of 
the ancient clan system in Ireland. It may re- 
mind the reader of the old patriarchal will attributed 
to Cathaoir Mor, monarch of Ireland, about A. D. 
174; for which see our authors Ogygia, part III. 
ch. 59; and the “ Book of Rights” contained in the 


the Royal Irish Academy. The following extract is 
from an old translation of that will by Doctor Rey- 
mond, ‘‘ sometime Fellow Trin. Col. Dub.,” and 
preserved in the same library ; ‘‘ First he spoke to his 
eldest son, Rossa Failge ( Rossa of the rings) and said, 
‘my power and privilege to my Rossa of the rings, 
the fierce memorable man who shall govern his sub- 
stitutes.’ He then gave Rossa 10 shields, 10 rings, 
and 10 cups: and said, ‘ your posterity shall never 
be subjects to the issue of my other sons.’ Cathaoir 
then directed his chiefs to be always assistant and 
obedient to the prosterity of Rossa Failge.” 

k See Book of Genesis, xlviii. 5. Teig here named 


400 


goods, chattells: and doe appointe, ordaine and make them my executors of my wil. 
which I declare to be as afforesaid. IN WITNESSE of which to be the will of the 
said Sir Mourgh, wee the persons underwritten have hereunto subscribed our names 
the third of ffebruary, 1593.—W ALTER FFRENCHE.—ARTHUR FFRENCBE.—ANTHOSY 
Lyncu FITZ THomMas.—RICHARDE FFRENCHE—ARTHOUR LYNCH FITZ-aA.—MOYLLER 
M: X Dermott (”HALLURAN.—EDMONDE M‘ MorisHe.—By ME RowLanp Gowst— 
Probat. 3° die Maii an” Dni 1594.” 

Having thus far traced the principal transactions of the descendants of Brian na 
n-oinsecach O'Flaherty’, chief of the castern part of Iar-Connaught, which forms the 
present baronies of Ross and Mvycullen; I now turn to the western clans, the princi- 
pal of whom was the Sliocht Eoghain (Owen) descended from Ilugh mór”, the elder 
brother of that Brian. The subordinate branches were the clan Donogh, clan Connor, 
and clan Dermod Dubs, and ull were settled in Conmacne-mara, sometimes called 
the two Conamaras; which at the date of the Composition, were created a barony by 
the name of the barony of Balinahinch. We have seen that Dunal Crone O'Flaherty’. 
descended frum Tlugh mór, was the chief of all Iar-Connaught in A. D. 1569, when 
he was set aside by Queen Elizabeth, who appvinted Morrough of the battle-axes 
chieftain in his place: Quia ** Donaldus Crone O’F larty nunc capitaneus patrie predicte, 
non est sufliciens nee iduneus ad officium illud exercendum, nee in ullo regimine et 
subernatione expertus ad illam patriam gubernandum, minusque habilis ad capitane- 
atum illud exequendum, tum ctiam propter disobedienciam suam*’.” But notwith- 
standing that patent, Donal continued to exercise, or assert his right to the chieftain- 
ship of all the O’Flaherties until his death, and never acknowledged the patent right 
of Morrough. But there was another powerful competitor for the title, viz. Donal 
an chogaidh (of the wars) O'Flaherty of Bonowan, whose sons, "“ Owine and Moroghe,” 
were nuined as contracting parties in the indenture of Composition. The tanist, or 
next in succession, as the ablest and bravest of the clan, was Teige na buille (the 
furious) who became nominal chieftain after the death of Donal Crone; although the 
title, by the Composition, was legally abolished for ever’. 


When 


was Sir Murrough’s eldest son (Gen. Table, II. No. 9 See ante, p. 387, Donal Crone was alive ia 
ag}. He was killed A.D. 1589. in Tar-Connaught, A. D. 15680, forin that year he appears named as a 
by Sir Richard Binzhain's men. Lis sen, above  contractinx party in the indenture of Composition 


adopted, was Morogh na in-bo.—(Id. No. 38.) where he is described as “ competitor for the name 
! 14. So. of Ó Ftlahertie — See p. 309. ante. His descm- 
wd. dant> (if any) are unknown. 


a. 14. 34 4 By an Inquisition taken after the death of Tege 





401 


When Morrough of the battle-axes ‘‘ waxed” sufficiently ‘‘ stronge,” he resolved 
to subdue those western clans, or compel them to acknowledge his jurisdiction. To 
further this project he surprised the castle of Balinahinch, which was built on an 
island of the same name, in the centre of Conmaicne-mara. As soon as Teige na buille 
and the sons of Donal an chogatdh became aware of Murrough’s designs, they imme- 
diately saw the advantage he acquired by gaining the castle, and that advantage they 
resolved to deprive him of. Accordingly, in A. D. 1584, they made a successful 
attack on the island; and although it was boldly defended by Murrough’s son, Teige, 
they succeeded in taking it and the castle. Teige thereupon collected a considerable 
force and made an irruption into their territory, which he plundered of all its cattle. 
This petty warfare continued for some time with mutual destruction. The Clan 
Eoghan having made a descent on the island of Aran, were pursued thither by Teige, 
and a battle took place, in which several of the western O’Flaherties were slain‘. 
The Annalists say that the matter in dispute was not worth all the bloodshed it 
caused on that day; but we have seen above, that there was a greater object in view than 
the mere possession of the island. A reconciliation at length took place. The Clan 
Eoghan retained the castle, and with it, for a while, their independence; and thus 


ended the last instance of clan warfare which took place in Iar-Connaught. 


at Galway 17th August 1607, it was found that 
Teige ne bolly O'Flaherty of Arde, chief of his name, 
had and continued the title of O'Flaherty from the 
time Sir Henry Sidney, knt. was lord deputy of 
Ireland. [There is some error here, for Teige 
could not assume the title, until after the death of 
Donell]. That he was seised of the castle or stone 
fortress of Arde, with two cartrons called the two 
Ardes, and of half the lands of Ballinehinch. That, 
by virtue of a division made between him and certain 
of his competitors, he was seised of half Ballindoon, 
4 qrs. and half Ballynahinchy, 4 qrs. And he was 
so seised, ‘‘ prout erat principalis cognominis sui, et 
maxime senex ejusdem cognominis de O'Flahertie, 
Axglice, prout erat tanist tempore ineunte composi- 
tionis, et etiam diu postea,” of the castle or stone for- 
tress of Ballynahinchy in the island of Ballenehinchy, 
and of the fishing of the Owenmore, and that he was 
peaceably seized thereof, until one Thady (Teig) 
Mac Murrough ne dowe O'Flaherty, by force entered 
IRISH ARCH. SOC, I5. 





Of 


and built the lower part of the said castle, and pos- 
sessed the same for some time, and until the said 
Teige ne bully and his two suns, together with Mor- 
rough xa moyre O'Flaherty, expelled him out of the 
said castle and island; which the said Morrough ne 
moyre as yet unjustly holds the possession of. That 
the said Teige was also seised of several head and 
chief rents out of other lands. That Morrough ne 
moyre, for the last six yeara, by force compelled the 
tenants to pay him the said rents. That the said 
Teige ne boolly, in right of his chieftainship, was 
also seized of chief rents out of the Cleggan, Ballyna- 
killy, &c., and that Morrough ne moyre claims 3 
cartrons in the island of Inishnee under a mortgage, 
dated the 10th March, 1598, made by Edmond 
O'Flaherty (Gen. Table, IL No. 37), son of the said 
Teige ne bullie.”--Orig. Inquis. Rolls Off. Dublin. 
Their descendants are unknown. 
ae Four Masters. 


3 F 


402 


Of all the western O’Flaherties, Donel an chogaidh, although not the chieftain, 
was the most powerful and opulent. He died before A. D. 1580, leaving by his wife 
Grace O'Mailly of Burrishoole (celebrated in after-times by the name of Grauna 
Weale) two sons, who were named as contracting, though not consenting, parties, in 
the indenture of Composition with Queen Elizabeth. Of these, Donall the eldest 
was slain by a party of Sir Richard Bingham’s soldiers in A. D. 1586, and Morogh, 
the second son, surnamed .Vaor" (serjeant or steward), became the principal inheritur 
of a territory which embraced a line of sea-coast extending nearly 100 miles. (Wf 
this advantage Morogh na maor availed himself, by keeping a considerable number of 
galleys generally ready for service; and from several old documents he appears w 
have been sedulous in extending his landed possessions*. In A.D. 1599, he was 
ordered by the Lord Lieutenant to join his half-brother, Tibbott na long’ (Thevbald 
of the ships, the first Viscount Mayo), to bring the Queen’s furces round the western 
coast of Ireland in his galleys, from Galway to Sligo, with provisions and implements 
of war, to assist O’Connor Sligo against Hugh ruadk O'Donnell" ; but we soon after 
find him, with a large body of forces from Iar-Connaught, joined with the latter 


celebrated chieftain against the (rovernment*. 


r From this word maor, was derived the name of 
the royal family of Scotland. -‘ Stuart, seu Steward 
Anglica etiam vox quiestorem ad recipiendos pro- 
ventus, ut et Scoticé Maor—Mormhaor Leavna” (the 
great steward of Lennox).— Ogug. Part iii. é. 81; 
(Conor, Renn Hib. tom. i. p. 57. See also Mar- 
tin's Western Islands, pp. 98, 108; Verstezan, 324; 
and O'Brien's Dict. in roce. 

* Several deeds and other instruments, about fifty 
in number, extending from A, D. 1590 to 1645, and 
principally relating te the possessions of Morogh na 
maor and his sens, are now in the hands of the Edi- 
tor; but he regrets that want of space prevents any 
further notice of them here, as they contain several 
curious particulars of the state of society during that 
period in Tar-Connaught. In them, several indivi- 
duals, named in the annexed Genealogical Tables, 
are mentioned. 

t On Rot. Pat. 3 Jac. 1. dors. 47, there appears a 
letter from James 1., directing: a surrender and re- 
wrant of lands in favour of Sir Theobald Burke. Knt. 


With him he proceeded to Mun 
ster, 


(Tibbot na long, the first Viscount Mayo). and his 
two brothers by the half-blood, Morrogh O’Flahertie 
(na maor) and Donnell I. Keggie O'Flahertie (Ga 
Table, II. No. 38), of Jar-Connaught. This state 
letter was never acted upon. Donell. bere named, 
although called the brother of Sir Theobakd, was his 
nephew, “by the half-blood.” When Donell ex che- 
gaidh (Gen. Table, II. No. 36) died, bis widew, 
Grace O’Mailly, married Sir Rickard an ina 
Bourke (see him described arte, p. 300, under the 
name of Mac William), by whom she had Tibbet 
na long, afterwards Sir Thevbahl.—See Lodge's 
Peerage, vol. iv. p. 235, ed. 17N9. 

" Four Masters, A. D. 1599. 

Id A.D. 1600. The following pute, im the 
handwriting of our author, Roderic O'Flaherty, 
appears, at A. D. 1599, in a copy of the Annals 4 
the Four Masters preserved in Trinity College. Dab- 
lin: ‘25 Nov. castrametatur apud Killtolagh 
prope Galviam, postridie apad Derrydonndl— 
27 Nov. reversus est (O'Donnell). Cum eo tame 





403 


ster”; but after the defeat of the Spaniards at Kinsale, Morogh na maor retreated to 
his native fastnesses in Iar-Connaught, where he peaceably spent the remainder of 
his life. 

By Inquisition taken, durante vita, 15th September, 1607, it was found that 
“Morogh na Moyre O'Flaherty is seized of the castles of Bonowen, Ballinahinchy, 
and Renvyle. That Donell ne Cogge, father of the said Morogh, and whose heir he is, 
was, at the time he died, seized of several chief rents in the baronie of Ballinehinch. 
That O'Flaherty had and held the fines and customs following, in and through the 
whole baronie of Ballinehinch.” [This shews that he usurped ‘“ by strong hand” the 
power of the chieftain.] ‘ Imprimis, quandocunque aliquis furatus erat unam vaccam, 
fur solvebat predicto O’Flaherty, septem vaccas pro qualibet vacca sic furata, et sic 
de aliis catallis. Et quandocunque O'Flaherty se contulerat ad generalem sessinam, 
quod inhabitantes solebant elargire illi quandam mensuram sacci [ Anglicé, a bott of 
sack], toties quoties. Preterea, debuit habere quotannis ex qualibet quarteria terre 
infra baroniam predictam, quasdam mensuras farine Hibernicé vocatas sruans, cum 
sufficiente butiro. Et preterea, consuetus erat, quod quandocunque aliquis capiebat 
aliquod wreccum maris vel amébergreese, sine noticia inde data O’Flaherty vel suis 
servientibus [Anglicé, his seryeants], quod quilibet sic faciens finem fecerat ipsi 
O'Flaherty ad septem vaccas, toties quoties. Et quandocunque O’Flaherty dederat 
aliquam filiaram suaram in matrimonio, consuevit habere unam sterilem vaccam duo- 
rum annorum, ex qualibet quarteria inhabitata, infra baroniam predictam’*.” 

Morogh 


fuerunt Torlogh Mc Morogh O’Brien, O'Conor Sligo, = lecta, p. 559, quoted in Gratianus Lucius, p. 41. 


et Morogh na maor O'Flaherty.” 

* See Pacat. Hib., A.D. 1601. ‘ The O’May- 
lies and O’Flagherties had a purpose with six hun- 
dred men (which they had already furnished) to 
invade Kerry.” In that work, c. viii., there appears 
a letter to Sir George Carew, dated 8rd July, 1600, 
and signed ‘ William Burke, Morogh ni Moe [na 
maor ?] O’Flarty.” In that letter the following 
passage occurs: “So that your Honour consi- 
der us with a peece of money.” This passage has 
all the appearance of an interpolation. ‘‘ My faith- 
ful George” (see the Queen’s letter to Carew, c. xiv.) 
is charged with not having been a faithful narrator ; 
but the ‘‘ Pacata” was written for him, and not by 
him. He is also charged with having destroyed 
many old Irish books and records. See Roth’s Ana- 


Sir George Carew was “ Presbyteri filius.” The late 
Sir Francis Burdett, who was well acquainted with 
Irish history, once observed to the Editor, that ‘‘ Ca- 
rew was created Earl of Totness, in England, for his 
atrocities in Ireland.” 

x Original Inquisition, Rolls Office, Dublin. See 
in the same Repository, Rot. Pat. 15° Jac. I. fac. 
54, for an instrument perfected by the gentry and 
“ freeholders” of Conamara, empowering Morogh na 
maor O'Flaherty of Bonowen, in the county of Gal- 
way, Esq., to procure grants to himself, as trustee 
for them, of their lands, then recently surrendered to 
the Crown. Among these parties, the present “‘ old 
stock” of Conamara, viz. the Mac Conroys ( Kings), 
Clan Conors, Mac Donoughs, O’Duans, O'Lees, 
Mac Coneelys, &c., may trace their ancestors, who all 


3 F 2 


404 


Morogh na maor dicd A D. 1626. The following abstract of his last will has 
heen made from the Inquisition, post mortem, taken on that occasion :— 

‘IN THE NAME OF Gop, AMEN, I, MURROUGH ne moyre O’F flahertie, of Bonowen. 
in the baronie of Ballinahinch, within the countie of Galway, esquire, beinge weake 
and sicke of bodie, but perfect in minde and memorie God be praised, do make my 
testament and last will in manner and forme followinge: Firste, I bequeathe my 
soule to God almightie, and my bodie to the grave to be buried amongst my ances- 
tors in Sainct Fraunces’ abbey necre Gallway. I bequeath, and my will is, that all 
my castles, manors, lands, heretofore estuted to my eldest sonne and heire, Murrcugh 
na marte O’Ftlahertie, shall be absolutelie in the said Murruugh his heires and 
assigns, for ever; and all the castles and lands heretofore estated to my second sonne, 
Edmond O’Flahertie, shall be absolutelie to him his heires and assigns, for ever. 
ITEM, that my third sonne Bryen O’Flahertie and his heires shall have the C leggan’, 
excepting only the aiery of hawkes upon Barnanoran reserved to the said Murrvugh 
na marte. tem, that my married wife Onora Flahertie alias Bourke, shall have 
three q” and a half of Ballindoune whereupon the castle and towne of Bonuwn stands, 
and the $ q’ of Bally M: Enicly thereunto udjoinninge, without rente, and after her 
decease, to be and remayne to the said Morrough na marte. [ITEM, that mee fourthe 
sonne Teige O’Flahertie shall have to him and his heires the q™ of Kilkieran and 
Inniscrevar of the landes allotted to Morroughe, he himself redeeminge them from 
Geoffrie Martin and others who may challendge anie mortgadge thereupon ; and that 
Teige shall have noe power to alienate or mortgadge the said lande, without the license 
of the said Morrough na marte. Item, that my seconde sonne Edmonde shall pasee 
an estate unto my sixt son Hughe and his heires of the quarter of Ballinikill, with 
a provisoe that Hugh shall not alienate, imortgadge, or sell withoute the lycense 
of Edmonde or his heires. Mee will is, that my said children, Edmond, Brian, Teige, 
and Hugh and their heires, shall yearlie paie to said Morrough na marte and his 
heires thre shillinges sterling, oute of everie quarter for ever; and that they and 
theire heires shall aunswere all suites and services due the mannors of Bonowne and 
Ballenchinse, and from henceforth shall be obedient to the said Muorroughe' Ir, 
ifanie of the said sonnes die without issue male lawfully begotten, then all the pore 
tions of lands of him or them shall retorne to the said Murrough na marte, paieinge 
to the daughter or daughters of hyim soe dieinge a propurtion of marryage goods 


towards 
acknowledged Morrough na d-tuagh, Teige na buille, our own time. 
and Morogh na nator, as their chiefs and leader". Y Seep. 11M, nate ó. 
But at the time alluded to, the old clan feelings pre- $ See the will of Sir Morrouygh na d-tuagh. anfa, 


vailed, and many of them have continued even tu p. 399. 





405 


towards preferment, as to the dyscretion of fower of the principallest of theire indif- 
ferentest kindred of each side, shall be thought fytt. ITEM, that my said sonne and 
heyre Morrough, and the rest of my sonnes for Edmond and Bryan, and my sayd wife 
Onora, shall, in one intire paiement satisfie and paie to my fift sonne, Patricke, who 
is become a scholier*, 20" sterling when he is readie and determined to goe beyond 
seas to studie, together with 10" sterling everie yeare duringe his continuance beyond 
the seas. ITEM, that my three eldest sonnes shall paie proportionably oute of the 
lands allotted to each of them all the debtes which I doe owe. ITEM, that both my 
daughters, Soragh ni Flahertie and Owna ni Flahertie, shall have suche portions for 
their preferment in marriadge, oute of all the lands allotted to my said three eldest 
sonnes, proportionable as to the dyscretyon of Sir Tybbott Bourke, knight, or his 
sonne and heire Myles Bourke, and Sir John Bourke, knight’, calling to their assis- 
tance two or more of my neerest friends in Gallway, as shall be thought fitt. Item, 
that mee said three eldest sonnes shall paie oute of their several proporcons of 
lands, all chardges that will be laid oute about my funeral expenses, devotions, and 
legaties. ITEM, my will is, that my saide children shall remayne loveing brothers 
henceforward ; whereupon I give them my blessing, to give them that grace for to 
continue : and if amie ambiguitie, doubt, or question should differ or arise betwixte 
them in the misconstring the premisses, my will is that the said Sir Tybbott Bourke, 
or his sonne Miles Bourke, and Sir John Bourke, together with two of my neerest 
friends in Galway, shall decide that controversy, and settle them friends and loveing 
brothers, soe often as anie such doubte shall arise betwixt them. And the rather 
that they have been formerly acquainted with the contentes of this my last wyll, 
and were all contented I should soe distribute it, to avoyde all further dissension. 
Item, I give to my said wife Onora, all my plate, cowes, garrans, and sheep, 
with my household stuffe, besids her third of all my lands. In witness, I have here- 
unto putt mee hand and seale the 13" day of April, in the yeare of our Lord 
God, 1626. 
“ MorroGu na Moyre O’FLAHERTIES,” 

The only sons of Morogh na maor, of whom any certain accounts remain, were 

Morogh na mart (Morogh of the beeves), the eldest’, and Edmond, the second, still 


remembered 
a He became an Augustine friar; but that it was Myles Bourke, the testator’s nephew by the half- 
considered dangerous to state. blood, was the second viscount of that name. 
b Of Derrymacloughny, brother-in-law of the ¢ See the will before referred to, p. 899. 
testator, and cousin of the Marquis of Clanricarde. d Inquis. Rolls Off. 23 Oct. 1627. 


Sir Tibbott Bourke (who was soon after created e Gen. Table, II. No. 38. See ante, p. 108, 
Viscount Mayo), was the testator’s half-brother. note™. On Ist March, 1633, livery of seisin was 


406 


remembered by the name of Emuinn mac Morogha na maor. In the troubles which 
fullowed, A. D. 1641, these brothers, unfortunately for themselves and their posterity, 
took a prominent part’. The former fitted out his long-boats or galleys, with which 
he commanded the western coasts of Ireland during the hostilities. In A. D. 1643, 
they both joined their kinsman, Morough ne doe of Aghnenure, and marched with 
a force of 1800 men to besiege the fort at Galway. On that occasion their men, who 
were culled by the Marquis of Clanricarde ‘the rude kearns of Irr-Conaght” (.Me- 
moirs, pa. 176), were charged with having committed several outrages, and some mur- 


ders, in the town’. 


granted to him for the sum of £40 Trish.— Rot. 
Pat. R Car, 1. 2. p. d. 

€ The Memoirs of the Marquis of Clanricarde, 
and Carte's Life of Lord Ormonde, detail many of 
the proceedings of the O'Flaherties of Tar-Connaught 
during the troubles. The most active of the leaders 
were, Lieut.-Col. Morrough nu doe (Gen. Table, IT. 
No, 39), of Corr or Lemontield, near Aghenure, 
(great-grandson of Sir Murrough xa d-tuadh), Sir 
Morogh na mart, and Col. Edmund, his brother. 
Of the proceedings of the latter sume particulars are 
given above and in the ensuing notes; from curious 
original documenta, of which some notice will be 
found in the sequel. 

w The following extracts, taken from the famous 
Depositions relating to the rebellion, A.D. 186141, 
preserved in the MS, Library of Trinity College, 
Dublin (F. 2. 3), have reference to those outrages : 
*Thosas Seorr 23rd Dec. 1693, suth, That 
at the beginning of the rebellion, he saw in the street 
of Galway one Morrogh O'Flaherty, still colonel, 
of Eer-Connagh , being a tall, »warthy voungz inan), 
marching down the street, with about 300) Trish 
rebels following him: that they broke into a house, 
and tive of the soldiers stabbed, with their skenes, 
Mrs. Collins.°—"‘Jous Turser,.... 1612, saith, 
That the Irish people of Ere-Connaught robbed 
the Encclish inhabitants, and killed and murthered 
several of them: amongst which. they cut ot? the 
heads of one John Fox and his wife, and murthered 
a Mrs. Collins, as she was kneeling at her prayers. 


Pending the hostilities there, Edmond O'Flaherty proceeded. 


with 


and tumbled the heads of Fox and his wife abou 
the streets; yet the mayor or aldermen did not in apy 
way punish the offenders.“— ''Jons SHEELT. of Gal- 
way, baker, 25 May, 1644, saith, That in Galway 
the very children, according to their powers, ex- 
ceeded the men, insomuch as their very frie. or young 
children, would with skeanes, wherewith generally 
they were armed, come to the English women, and 
way, With their skeanes presented, ' You English 
jades, or duggs, [will cut your throats? and 
durst so much as contradict any of those gracals 
impes. — " Licut. JOHN Geer, 7 March, 1658. sith. 
That it was commonly spoken in Galway. that the 
()Flaherties of Ire-Connaught were broaght imate 
the towne purposely to murther all the English; 
and he believeth they would have murthered tham 
all accordingly, had nut some priesta hindered them, 
by going out in their vestments. with tapers and s 
crucifix carryed before them, commanding the said 
murtherers to surcease. And where some goods had 
been plundered, they commanded restitution te be 
made, as the eXxaminant, being then iu the Fort d 
Galway. was credibly informed.”"—" Marr Bows, 
spinster, age 21 vears. servant to Lieut. John Gell, 
sth March, 1653, saith. That she heard by seve- 
ral of the towne-people that it was the Major aad 
council of the town that had brought in the said 
Ire-Connanght people to kill and murther all the 
Enulish Protestants, becsuse their own hands sheahd 
net be embrued in their blood. That she herself asw 
the privat: of the towne. and other priests, being 





407 


with a company of one hundred men, to the islands of Aran, and from thence he 
directed his course to the west of the County of Clare. There he laid siege toa castle 
called Tromra, which was situated close to the sea-shore, in the barony of Ibrickan. 
This castle was inhabited by an Englishman of the name of Ward and his family. 
After a desperate defence of nearly four days the place was carried by storm. The 
brave owner and the principal part of his family were slain, and the castle was plun- 
dered and burned to the ground. After this exploit, the perpetrator returned home 
with his booty. He afterwards joined the confederate forces of Connaught, and con- 
tinued in action during the remainder of the war. 

In the beginning of May, 1653, John Browne, of the isles of Aran, came before 
the magistrates in Galway, and gave information on oath against Colonel Edmond 
O’Flaherty and others, for the murder of Peter Ward of Tromragh, in the County 
of Clare’. A party of soldiers was accordingly dispatched to Iar-Connaught in pur- 
suit of the accused. After a long and fruitless search, the party was returning, and 
passing beside a small dark wood near Renvile, their attention was attracted by 


about eight in number, going about the towne in 
their vestments, with tapers burning, and the sacra- 
ment borne before them, and earnestly exhorting 
the said Murrough na mart, and his company, for 
Christ's sake, and our Lady's, and St. Patrick's, 
that they would shed no more blood, and if they 
did they would never have mercy. That the said 
Murrough and one Edmond O’Flahertie were at 
the committing of the said murthers, and aiding 
and abetting the same; and that she doth verily 
believe, that had it not hene for the said priests, 
the said O'Flahertyes and their company had killed 
all the English Protestants they had found in Gal- 
way.”—‘‘ MARTHA LOVE, wife of Capt. Highgate 
Love, 23rd Feb. 1653, saith, That the town was 
full of Ireconnaught rogues, in their trowses and 
broages, all armed with pikes, skeans, and swords.” 
—Pity it is that Mrs. Love did not tell us if these 
trowses fitted close to the limbs, like those of the old 
Irish, described by Ware, Ant. cap. xi. : ‘‘ Defemora- 
libus illisarctissimis, Trowses vulgo dictis.”—“‘ Close 
britches, commonly called trowses."— Harris. For 
at the present day the Jar-Connaught “rogues” all 
wear their trowsers loose and ample, which gives 


the 


their lower limbs nearly as much liberty as the High- 
landers of Scotland enjoy in the Ailé. But this latter 
curious article of dress itself requires some explana- 
tion. The late Major Duff, of Muirtown, near Inver- 
ness, editor of the Culloden Papers, a volume of cu- 
rious and valuable letters, from the year 1624 to 1745, 
published from the originals in Culloden House, 
astonished some of his Northern friends by stating, 
in a note to one of the letters, that the kilt, or phila- 
beg (‘‘feile bheag,” Armstrong’s Dict.) was not the 
ancient Highland garb, but was introduced into the 
Highlands about 1720, by one Thomas Rawlinson 
an Englishman, who was overseer to a company car- 
rying on Iron Works in Glengarry’s country. The 
convenience of the dress, he added, soon caused it to 
be universally adopted in the Highlands. Surely 
some patriotic Highlander will here rush to the res- 
cue of the martial philabeg from this bold assertion 
of its mean and modern origin. Pinkerton says, it 
was ‘quite unknown.”—Hist. Scot part iv. c. vi. 
See also Whitaker's Hist. Manchester, book I. 
c. vii. § v. 

b This information will be found in the Depositions 
of A. D. 1641, T. C. D. vol. xxi. 


408 


the unusual noise and croaking of ravens hovering in the air, towards the centre of 


the wood. On arriving at the spot over which the birds still continued on the wing, 
the soldiers discovered a cavity in a rock, from which they drew forth a miserable 
looking man, who was soon recognized as the unfortunate object of their pursuit. 
With him they found a povrly-attired and emaciated female, who afterwards proved 
to be his wife, the daughter of Sir Christopher Garvey of Lehinch, in the County of 
Mayo: “ And truly who had seen them would have said they had been rayther ghosts 
than men, for pitifully locked they, pyned awaye for want of foode, and altogether 
ghastly with feare’.” IIe was immediately brought prisoner to Galway, and com. 
mitted to the town gaol, where he was closely examined, as follows : 


“The Examination of Colonel Edmond O'Flaherty, taken before 
Rohert Clarke, esq., one of the Justices of the precinct of Galway, 
May 24™ 1653. 

‘Being examined how long he was in arms against the Commonwealth of Eng- 
land? = Saith he was called hither to this towne of Gallway by the archhishop of 
Tuam, who was president, and by Francis Blake of Galway, who was then com- 
mander in chief of the forces in the said towne of Galway, raised against the fort; and 
that he came with the company under his command, and assisted the said Francis in 
heseeching (Aesteging) the said fort. Suith, that going from the towne of Gallway 
after the surrender of the said fort, he went with his boats to the islands of Arona, and 
continued there some fourteen days, until the islanders did complaine of the burthen 
they were unto them, upon which deponent and his company went in their boats w 
the countie of Clare, to a castle called Trennrowe, which was possessed by one Mr. 
Ward, whom he heard was an honest gentleman, and never heard of him before, and 
neither doth know of what religion or nation he was of; and came to said castle about 
I“ May, 1642, in the beginning of the night, and came within a musket shot of the 
said castle, to a house where he and his company kept their court of guard. Before 
their coming to the said howse, they made some shotts from the castle at him, and 
continued suteing all might. with which shotts some of his men were wounded. And 


saith 


These particulars have been preserved by tradi- 
tion, and are viven above as related by the late Francis 
Lynch, Exq.. of the island of Omey, near Renvile 
Mr. Launch died about twenty years 
Ile used to adil. that the 


in Conamara. 
ave, at the ave of ninety. 
party was headed by a Colonel " Bayman, cevernor 
of the island of Botin:” and that the discovery of 


(Y Flaherty was attributed to the intervention of Pre- 
vidence, to bring him to justice, for the outrage ia 
the county of Clare. 

1 Extract from Sir Richard Bingham s “ Dis 
course off his Services in Mayo avainst the Bourkes, 
A. D. 1586." preserved in the Cutton Library, Bri- 
tich Museum, Titus B. NII. 





409 


saith, they could not find the doore nor windows of the said castle that night, but eleven 
of his men went to the hale which was jonying of the castle, thinking to get in, where- 
upon they threw stones from the topp of the castle, by which one of his men was 
wounded and bruised in his arm, and another in his back, and also they let falle a 
bundle of strawe upon said halle by which it was burned, and the next morning they 
sett on to storme the castle, in which storme one of his men was killed, and three 
wounded. And saith he continued seige to the said castle, from Sunday night until 
Wednesday morning, at which time conditions were made by John Ward* for his own 


k This John was son of Peter Ward. On 25th 
April, A. D. 1643, he gave a deposition on oath, 
from which the following is an extract :—‘ Saith, 
that on or about the 17th day of Aprill, Anno Dom. 
1642, the said Peeter Ward, Alson Ward (hia wife), 
and George Ward of the same Centl. (son to the 
said Peeter), in a most cruell aud rebellious manner, 
were murthered and stripped by the hands and 
meanes of Edmund O’Ffishertie, Esq’. and others of 
his confederates, in manner following, that is to say, 
The said Edmond, about the day and year above 
mentioned, came by sea from Igher-Conaght, in the 
Com. Gallway, accompanied with five other boates 
well manned with armed men, and landing his men 
at or near Tromroe aforesaid, the said Edmond then 
and there, in a most rebellious and hostill manner, 
with collours displaied, assaulted the castle of Trom- 
roe aforesaid, late at night (where this deponent, 
the said Peeter, George, Alson, and others fled for 
refuge) but being then resisted by the said Peeter 
and the rest in there owne defence, the said fflahertie, 
with the rest of his forces and the country besides, 
continued siedge to the said castle for three daies 
and three nights, during which time, and especially 
the second day of his said siedge, being the 18" day 
of Aprill aforesaid or thereabouts, amonge divers 
other acts of hostility, don and perpetrated by the 
said fflahertie and the rest of his associats, he then 
and there murthered, or caused or consented to mur- 
ther, the said Alson and George, having shott or 
caused to shoote with a bullet the said Alson under 
the right side, whereof she died immediately, and 


life, 


likewise gave the said George eighteene woundes, 
whereof he likewise instantly dyed upon the 20" day 
of Aprill afores‘, or thereabouts. Wednesday on 
the morneing (being the last day of their said siedge) 
the said Edmond O’Fflahertie caused the said castle 
to be fired, and entering the same that day, the said 
Peeter Ward was then and there traytorously mur- 
thered by the said fHahertie and his company, having 
recaived divers mortall wounds in his body; whoe 
together with the said Alson and George, was stripped, 
and they three buryed in or neer the said castle 
walls, from whence by directions from Donnell 
O'Bryen of Dowgh in the said Com. Esq. they were 
removed, and enterred in the parish church of Kill- 
murry afoesaid. Yeet notwithstanding, Donnell Mr 
scanlane Mc Gorman of Dunsallagh, in the said 
Com. Mass-preist, caused their corps to be digged 
up againe, and buried without in the churchyard, 
for noe other cause (as farr as the deponent could 
learne) but that they saide no unsanctified or hereti- 
call corps of protestants (as they tearme them) must 
remaine within their churches. 

“This deponent likewise saith, that the said 
Edmond O’Fflahertie was abetted, counselled, 
and assisted in the said rebellious and traytorous 
designe, by the undernamed persons, namely, by 
Donnogh O'Brien of Newtowne, in the said Com. 
esq.; Mohowne Mc Dermod of Tromroe, aforesaid, 
gent. Therlagh Mc Dermod and Connor Mc Der- 
mod of the same gent. Rich* Fizpatrick (sene- 
schall of Ibrackane aforesaid, and then and now re- 
ceaver to the earle of Thomond within the said Ba- 


IRISH ARCH. SOC. 15. 3G 


I 
' 





410 


lite, with Teige O’Bryen, and the (par). priest, which said John this examinant cm- 
ployed as a messenger to his father in the said castle, desiring him to take quarter 
several times, but the answer of Peeter Ward was, that he would nott take the quarter 
of Bellian or Scuell.  [Bellicke or Sruell? }. 

* Being further examined, he saith, that on Wednesday about g of the clock. there 
came out of the castle the said Warde’s twoe daughters and twoe younger sounes. and 
alsoe there came oute an Englishe man and his wife; but upon which day this Esa- 


mninant remembereth not. 


romyv) Hush M“ Crutton “MsCurtin) of. ui. in 
the said Com. vent. Donnell Me Seanlane Mr Gor- 
man aforesaid, Teige Fitzpatricke of flintraghtbeay, 
in the said Com. genth Teie Roe OBrven, son to 
Sr Donnell O'Bryen Knight aforesaid, Mohowne 
M Enearrigy of Flenoremore, in the said Coin. 
yeoman, and divers others whose names this deponent 
doth not remember. This depanent’s cause of know- 
ledee (concerning the said parties their ayding, 
counsellinge, and assisting the saide tHaherty) is, 
that first Donogh OBrven above mentioned, about 
the eight eighteenth ?| daw oof Aprill aforesaid, 
did entertaine, with meate, drinke, and lodgsing, the 
said fHahertie at Newtowne aforesaid, whereby this 
deponent: beleeveth that he was privy to the said 
rebellious enterprise; and also that the sail Donogh 
CV Brven  pessessed himself of woerth a hundred 
pounds of the said Peeter’s cattle, which he detaineth 
to this day. He alsoe saith, that he saw and) ob- 
served the rest óf the said) parties hi annes at the 
seidire of the said castle, and divers times con- 
sulting and advising: howe to sarprise the sane He 
also saw and observed that. then and there, the sail 
Teige Roe OBrien gave out, that if the said castle 
were not then taken by the said Piluherty. he him- 
wlte would suddenly come and besett the same with 
his forces. He also observed. that during the said 
sieve, the said Hugh AE Crutton did use to take 
a nóte in writeie of as many of the besieders, as 
were either hurt or killed against the said Castle, 
openly extolling them for their valour and prood 


service in assiulting: the said castle. to nee other pur 


And further saith, that the sonne and heire of the saad 


Fer 


pene (as thia deponent then undersea) ) bet to gcré 
intimation to the rest of the country. and te esrear- 
ady them to like rebellious actions. These were th 
motives that induceth this depunent to tebwve, that 
the said parties were asdinge, counselling, ap! 
assistinyy the said Falahertie. He further infoeweth, 
that be heant it credibly affirmed by <everall imreas 
in the said siedye, that they, meaning the Irish. had 
his Majestye’s commission to take the said cath, 
amone other castles in this kingrdome. 

é He, being further examined, saith, that the 
deponent, about the beginning of January 1641, af 
a place called Curragh-Catlin, in the said County. 
Ineetinge with the snide Teize Roe O'Brien, be then 
and there in the presence of this depenent, une Car- 
mac Oicky. in or newer Bunratty, in the sand 
County, Surgeon, and divers others, uttered the 
words ensuing. or others like them in efeete: tr 

quoth bed the Irish are reviled by all other natha, 
because of their remissnest in net avding wpe ame- 
ther: but now becanse it is a yenerall caue (quote 
he) Gsed confound and the Devill take him that will 
Het assist them to his dveingg dav: abhair further, 
that in Enuchand the Rainy was against the bated 
as much as they heer, and that there w an pever ase 
hopes of agrevment there, and (hat it w an their interes 
Ineaning: the frish, to root out the Enyrlish Nation, 
attinning that it was his Majesty's exprese will and 
pleasun: soe to die, OIN VW Ait. — Depuedtium, 
Clare, vol xxi (The remainder of this Depusitie 
will be found curious  Aimeng other thingy ii 
charges the then carl uf Themond with high tease; 





411 


Peeter came oute on tuesdaye, and was cominge to the court of Guarde where Exami- 
nant was, and was slained in the way by Sorrell Folone, who is now gone with 
Cusack. And being further examined saith. that he gave quarter to each of them that 
came oute of the castle, except him that was killed as aforesaid. And saith, that 
Peeter Warde did keepe his chamber in the said castle, from Tuesday night until 
Wednesday morning, and that the said Peeter Ward’s wife was slaine by a shott 
through the window of the said chamber, but who made the said shott he knoweth 
not. And further saith, that he ordered his men to keepe the saide Peeter Warde 
awake, with intention to give him quarter, and the said Peeter Ward making a thrust 
out of the doore with some weapon, was taken by the arme and drawen foorth, and 
there slained. And further said, that he defended himself in his chamber, for foure 
and twenty hours after the rest went foorth. And being demanded, saith, that he 
conveied seven persons safely to Richard White in Kilmurry, which was the place they 
desired to goe unto. And saith, that he and his companie plundered the said house, 
and divided it, havinge firste carried the saide plunder to Strawe island. And being 
further demanded wherefore he went to the said place? saith, he went thither to 
quarter his men, by reason the winde was contrary, that he could not goe to his 
owne country. Being further examined, saith, he knew John Browne, inhabitant of 
Inishier island, who was with him at taking of the said castle, but did not goe with 
him as anie of his company, and knew nothing of his intentions; but, being a drum- 
mer, this Examinant did use words in threatening of him to goe, which when he 
refused, he lay hands upon him and guarded him to the boaets, and kept him with him 
during their stay at Tromra foresaid': and saith he doth not know of any plunder he 
had, but that the said Browne desired a silver cupp, which this examinant refused to 
give him. 

““ And being further examined, denied that he hath not since that time been at 
the taking of any place, or in any other service: and saith, the man that killed Peter 
Ward was Teig M° Donell M* Owen M* Enrya, who is now living as is supposed; and 
the other, by name Dowdarra oge M° Enrya, is dead, And being examined whether 
he was under protection to the Common Wealth of England, when he was taken? 
he saith he was not. And being demanded wherefore he came not under protection? 

answered 


1! This compulsion was a remnant of the old clan _ inthis state of subjection all those who resided within 
system. The Irish chiefs considered themselves _ the territory, as instanced above. The O'Flaherties 
entitled, not only to the implicit obedience and ser- — for a long period claimed the dominion of the isles 
vice of every member of the clan, but also to the of Aran 
ownership of their very persons; and they included 


3G2 


412 


answered, because he was affraid in respect of the act he had committed against Peeter 
Ward. And further saith not.—EDM. FFLAHERTY™”. 

Soon after his examination, he was tried and executed at Galway; where his kine- 
man, the Lord Viscount Mayo, had shortly before suffered for the massacre at Shruel 
And thus ignominiously perished two of the most leading men of the province at the 
time, for crimes into which they had been unfortunately urged by the unsettled 
stute of society at that unhappy period. That Colonel Edmond O'Flaherty considered 
himself acting in the affair within the rules of legitimate warfare, there can ix 
little doubt". ~ He left three sons, Donald, Morogh, and Edmond. Of the first tradi- 
tion is silent. The second is stated to have gone to England, and to have challenged 
a Captain Vernor, whom he ran through the body, for asserting that the Irish Remva- 
strance was signed by mean persons. The third also went “to seek his fortune” in 
England, where he became "a captain,” but in what corps is not stated. He returned 
to Ireland, served under James IL, and afterwards farmed the lands of Renvile (which 
formerly belunged to his father) from the Blake family, who obtained a grant of them; 
and there some of his descendants long after resided. The captain left a son, Edmund. 
who was called Emuinn laidir, or strong Ned (O'Flaherty) of whom more in the 


sequel, 


The following State documents, now first printed, will be found necessary t 
explain the concluding part of the foregoing examination, and other matters concerning 


uí Depositions, Galway, vel. xxii. 

“Col O'Flaherty was first: married to - Sowe 
jSarah) Boorke (Bourke, daughter of Walter 
Bourke of Turlach in Maye, one of the principal 
nen oof that county, great) prandsan of Richard, 
lord Mae William OQuyhter, chief of the 
Bourkes, AL D. 1 d60.—See Lodge, voll ai. 5135. 
Ed. 1751. 
Walter Bourke proved a steady friend to the Pro- 


= lower” 
During the troubles of AL D. Ded, 
testants of Mayo. Of this, a curious instance occurs 
in the Depositions of ASD. 1611, before referred to.— 

Thomas Johnson, viear of Turlogheand Rillyeomon, 
saith, that he was sheltered in the house of Walter 
Bourke of Turloughe, Esq. whe not only ease him 
rlothes. but hept and defended him. Saith, that 
while ther. the younger priests and friem demanded 
of Stephen Lyneh, prier of Strae, in deponent’s own 


hearinze, if it were net lawful to hill the deponent, 


lar-Connsught 


because he would not turn to mase:: which pr 
auswered them, that it was as lawful for them & 
hill this deponent, as to kill a sheep or deor: and 
divers of the rebellious soldiers there, woukd tell the 
deponent to his face, that, if it were not for oGending 
the said Ar Bourk, they would make no mute cam 
science nor care to kill him, than they woukd doe af 
That he heanl divers of the eol- 
diers at M? Burk's house earnestly protest and aay. 
that the tiulary archbishop of Tuam, Malachy 
Keely, had assured them that they shawkd mu nd 
to feare, for that the English should not have puwe 
to fight avainst them, but should be delivered ime 
their hands, sow as they might cutt their throata, of 
hill them at their pleasures; aml] that ther should 
heare the holy Ghist say mas unto them thrice, 
before they went tobattaile.” .Tnrat. 14 Jan, 1543— 
Lh positions, Mano, vol sii. 


a pig ora sheepe. 





413 


Iar-Connaught, and the province at large, at the time. They have been extracted from 
the books of the Irish Privy Council, during the Protectorate, which are now preserved 
in the Castle of Dublin. 

After the reduction of Kilkenny by Cromwell, a council of war was held in that 
city, and the following order made:— 

“ Persons in arms against the Commonwealth (except priests ó) 
promised protection upon their submisston. 

“ Ordered, that such persons of the enemie’s party, (except priests, Jesuits, and 
others of the Popish clergie) as shall come in and deliver up their armes, and shall 
engage themselves to live peaceably, and submitt to the authority of Parliament, shall 
have such Protections to live in the Parliament’s quarters, as other protected people 
have, and shall have the benefitt of such terms as the Parliament shall hold forth to 
persons in their condition. And if the Parliament shall hold forth any terms which 
they shall not be willing to submitt unto, they shall have one month’s time (from the 
publishing of such terms in their quarters, where they shall be ordered to reside) to 
provide their owne security elsewhere. Provided that, in the mean time, they act no- 
thing to the prejudice of the Commonwealth of England. Provided alsoe that such 
protections as shall be granted to the said persons, shall not exempt such of them as had 
a hand, or were actors in any of the murders, massacres, or robberies that were com- 
mitted upon the English and Protestants in Ireland, during the first year of the 
rebellion, or in any murthers or massacres since the said first year, committed upon 
any person not being in armes, from being questioned for the same according to 
due course of law. Kilkenny, 2° Jan. 1651°.” 

“© Places in Connaught excluded from protection. 

‘‘Whereas the places hereafter mentioned, within the province of Connaught, are 
known harbors and receptacles for the enemy, and other bloudy and mischeivous 
persons, who from thence take advantage and appointments to committ murders, 
rapines, thefts, and all kind of spoyle upon the English and others in the said pro- 
vince, under the protection of the Parliament of England, and their army and forces: 
For the prevention of such mischiefs, it is ordered, that the County of Leitrim (except 
the baronies of Leitrim, Moghell, and Drumahere) be excluded from protection. In 
the County of Roscommon, O’Hanly’s country, and the country and territories of 
[ ]and Ferchowle, be likewise excluded. The county of Mayo, (except Kil- 
meane, Carrow, and Tirawly) be also excluded. In the County of Galway, the baro- 
nies of Aucullin and Ballinahinchy, the half barony of Ross, the half barony of 


Buryshule, 
° Orig. Council Book. 


414 


Buryshule, the half barony of Arran. and the half barony of Rilliane, the parishes of 
Beunagh, Killkerin, Moylagh in the barony of Teaquin; the parish of Ballinekilly in 
the barony of Collavin (except the Rands) be likewise excluded from protection. 

“It is further ordered, that Sir Charles Coote do cause proclamation of this order 
to be made within some publique places within the said counties, to thend that the 
inhabitants of the said baronies and places, may. before the 1o™ March next. remove 
themselves, families, cattle and other goods into the parliament’s quarters. and tw 
dwell and reside in such waste untenanted places there. as to the Lord President 
(Coote) &, shall seem most convenient: and in case they doe not remove as aforesaid, 
they shall be excluded from protection, be accounted as enemies, and shall be taken. 
slayned and destroyed as enemies, and their cattle and other goods shall be taken and 
made prey of, as goods of enemies. At Dublin, 6" Feb. 1651". 

é By the Council of Warre, Ordered. 

* That commissary General John Reynolds, be and is hereby authorized, tw allow 
a reward to any person or persons, that shall bring in the person or head of any rebel. 
how in armes avainst the Commonwealth of England, and under the command of 
Colonel] Donough O'Connor; the same being proved or otherwise well known to be 
the person or head of such rebell, and that he was so taken or slayne by such persons 
Provided that the said reward exceed not forty pounds for the person or head of the 
said Donough, and forty shillings for each soldier or other officer, or one munth's pay 
according to the quality of the officer. And provided the said reward bee not given, 
till the expiration of one month after the person or head is sv brought in. Dubblia. 
11 Feb, 16529.” 

" Order for Transplanting. 
= To his Highness the Lord Proteetor. his council for the affairs of 
Ireland. Barronies in the Province of Connaught, and County of 
Clare, appointed to receive the Inhabitants of certayne cuubtyes 1B 
the other three provinces; só that the transplanted persons might 
receive lands suitable (as neare as may be) in quantity and quality 
to the places from whence they are removed. 

“The inhabitants of the provinee of Ulster (except the counties of Downe and 
Antrim) to be transplanted into the baurronies of Muckullin, Rosse. and Ballynehia- 
avy, in the territorie of Ere-Connaugh, and county of Galway (except what is 


reserved 
P Oris. Council Book. pulated. The opposite district of Clare was alse 
a 14. desolated by the wars, and almost entirely deserted 


r At this peried, Lar-Connaught was nearly depo. by the ancient natives. This appears by a petigion ef 





415 


reserved by the lyne in the sea), and into the baronijs of Moyriske, Barryshowle, the 
half barony of Irish (Erris) parte of Tyrawly barony (parte of it being given to the 
soldiers), and Costello barony (except what is within the line aforesaid) in the county 
of Mayo, and into Tyaquin barrony in the county of Galway. 

“The inhabitants of the countys of Corke and Wexford, to be transplanted into 
the barronys of Dunkellyn, and Killtartan in the county of Galway (except what is in 
the lyne on the sea), and into Athlone barrony, and the half barrony of Moycarnan 
(except what isin the lyne on the Shannon) in the county of Roscommon. 

“The inhabitants of the county of Kerry, to be transplanted into Inchiquin and 
Burren barronys in the county of Clare, and into the territories of Artagh, in the 
Barony of Boyle, county Roscommon. 

“ The inhabitants of the counties of Downe and Antrim, to be transplanted into 
the barronys of Clanmorris, Carew (Carra), and Kilmaine, in the county of Mayo. 

“The inhabitants of the Counties of Kilkenny, Westmeath, Longforde, King’s 
County, and Tipperary, to be transplanted into the baronies of Tullagh, Bunratty, 
Islands, Corcomroe, Clondrelaw, Moyfartoe, and Ibrican, in the county of Clare, and 
into the half barony of Ballamo, in the county of Galway. 

“The inhabitants of the countyes of Catherlagh, Waterford, and Limerick, into 
the half barronies of Loughrea and Leitrim, the barronies of Dunmore and Kilconnell, 
and the half barony of Longford (except what is in the lyne) in the county of Galway. 

‘‘ And the inhabitants of Kildare. Eastmeath, Queen’s Countie and Dublin, into 
the barronies of Roscommon, and Ballintobber, the half barony of Bellamoe, and the 
barony of Boyle, except the territory of Artagh, in the county of Roscommon. 

‘‘Memorand. that Lowth is reputed much better land than Wicklow, and to be 
accordingly estimated.—Dated, Dublin, 12" Feb. 1655. 

‘Har. WALLER.—CHA. CooTe.—RoBERT KING.—JOHN HEwson.—W™ 
J EPSON.— HIEROME SANKEY'.” 


To return to the descendants of Morogh na maor. The most remarkable of 
these was Edmund O’Flaherty, before-named‘, a man of great strength and stature, 
whose name, as Emuinn laidir, or “strong Ned,” is to this day familiar in Iar-Con- 

naught. 


the surviving inhabitants there, to Government, at the most, of the whole country (and lying in the 
praying to be relieved from the monthly contribu- —_ barony of Bonratty), at present inhabited, excepting 
tion. ‘The said county of Clare having in it pine some few persons, who, for their own safety, live 
baronies containing above 1300 plough-lands, isnow in garrisons.”. Council Book, A. D. 1653. 

totally ruinated and deserted by the inhabitants * Id. A. D. 1655. 

thereof; there not being above 40 plough-lands, ' Page 411, ante, Gen. Table, II. No. 40. 


416 


naught. Tradition has handed down many wonderful narratives of his prowess and 
achievements". Among others, it relates that he had frequent rencounters with 
captain Richard Martin, who obtained several grants of the confiscated lands of the 
Q’Flaherties, under the Act of Settlement, and that they generally fought on horse 
back, sword in hand; but that the latter, being continually surrounded by his 
followers, always escaped, while Emuinn laidir was often obliged to cut his was 
through them, to avoid being overpowered. He was first married to Mable. daughter 
of Brian oge na samthach’, by whom he had a son, Edmund oge*. Secondly. to Kate 
Martin, of Coslough in the county of Mayo, by whom he had three sons". And 
thirdly, to the daughter of M°Cormick of Castlehill, in Erris, in the same county, bs 


whom he had no issue. In A. D., 1720, he was appointed exccutor in the will of 


" Emuinn laidir was the Hercules of Iar-Con- 
naught. The Irish, like the Greeks, were fond of 
celebrating men of great physical powers. The my- 
Fion Mac 
Cuil and the Fion Eirean will never be forgotten in 


thological heroes were deified in Greece. 
Ireland. Some remarkable notices of human size 
and strength will be found in our ancient writers. 
Thus, we read in the Annals of Clonmacnoise, at 
A.D. 1153, that " the head of Eochie mac Lughti,” 
an ancient king of Munster, taken out of the earth 
where it had lain for centuries, ‘+ was as big as anye 
cauldron ; the greatest goose might easilie zo through 
the holes of his eyes, and in the place or hole where 
the marrow was, towards the throat, a goose might 
enter.” — Mae Geoghegan’s Transl, This is also re- 
lated by the Four Masters, at A.D. 1157, where 
Doctor (Conor was so puzzled by FEO, the goose, 
that he left a blank space for it in his printed trans- 
lation. See alse Ogyg. part iii, c. 45. and the ad- 
dition to Caradoc’s History of Wales, about A. D. 
1086 and 1179. 

Even in our own days, some curious discoveries of 
The Rev. Mr. Molloy, 
late parish priest of Donaghpatrick, in the barony of 
Clare, the old ut bpiuin peola of the O'Flaher- 


ties (See Map). is súd to have discovered. some 


the kind have been made, 


years ayo, in an ancient carn there, a skeleton which 
nivasuned fourteen feet in length, but he had it soon 
after secretly interred. in order to put au end tu idle 


his 
curiosity, and to prevent its being carried awar br 
Virtuosos. According to tradition, the carn wa 
raised over one of the early chiefs of the U'Plaber 
ties. 

" Gen. Tab. II. No. 40. 

w Id. No. 41. 

x Id. No. 41. 

g " Frivols hac fortasse cnipiam et nimis levis es» 
videantur.”"—Usser. in Prefat. a Flav. Vopisc. Bat 
they may possibly be excused, when it shall be coa- 
sidered how little is known of the western U'Flaher- 
ties for the last two cunturies; during which ther 
have been almost totally ecliped by their more 
affluent and fortunate kinsmen of Lemontebt 
Even this latter branch itself was rescued. perkape 
from similar oblivion, in the following manner :— 
After its inheritance had been granted by the Crows 
to the Earl of Clanrickard, his lordehip, oa It 
May, A.D. 1687, demin«l the castle and lands of 
Aghnenure, Lemonfiell. &e.. comprising 24 qra, & 
(rerall Dillon, in trust for Bryan Ffisberty (Ga. 
Tab. IL No. 40.). and Morogh, his son, for 81 year 
at £76 yearly rent. The Earl, in A. D. 1739, trams 
fern to Bryan the fee of those lands for £1608. 
which sum was borrowed from the lord Se Geesge. 
on a mortyage of the entire. That mortgage wae 
afterwands foreclosed, and lord St. Creurge became 
the purchaser of the principal part uf the iInbesitamer ; 
leaving a comparatively small portion unsold, whick 





417 


his brother-in-law, Bryan O'Flaherty, of Lemonfield?. About A. D. 1749, Edmund 
laidir died, in distressed circumstances, at his estate of Cloonadrawen’, in the parish 
of Ballinakill, and was interred in a small chapel attached to the old church there. 
Towards the beginning of the present century, his bones were taken up and placed 
in a niche in the chapel wall, where they long remained objects of wonder, for their 
extraordinary size. 

The most distinguished of the descendants of Sir Murrough na d-tuadhc, was colo- 
nel Morogh, also surnamed na d-tuadh‘, or, as anglicised, ““na doe”; who took a 
determined part, on the side of the Irish, in the commotions of the seventeenth century, 
in the course of which he was strongly opposed to his noble kinsman, the Marquis of 
Clanricarde®. His descendant in the fourth generation, Sir John O'Flaherty, of 
Lemonfieldf (whose mother was Jane®, eldest daughter of Theobald, sixth Viscount 
Mayo), served with honour and applause as captain in the 65th regiment of foot. 
He was also deputy governor of the county of Galway, and died A. D. 1808, anno 
stat. 82. 

In the seventeenth century, the entire territory of Iar-Connaught was confiscated, 
and such of the O’Flaherties as survived war and famine, were thrown “landless” on 
the world. The country was parcelled out; and, after the Restoration, was granted to 


several patentees!. 


is now possessed by the lineal representative and 
head of the family, Thomas Henry O'Flaherty, Esq. 

t See ante, p. 60, note °. 

s Now the estate of Edmond (Gen. Table, II. 
No. 44). 

b See ante, p. 118, note *. 

c Gen. Table, II. No. 36. 

d Id. No. 39. 

© See ante, p. 406, note f. 

f Gen. Table, II. No. 43. See Lodge's Peerage, 
vol. iv., p. 246, Ed. 1789, for Sir John and his bro- 
thers, with their alliances. Also vol. iii. p. 273, for 
the daughter of Valentine Browne (brother of Col. 
John Browne), and Bridget Talbot (daughter of 
Col. James Talbot, and cousin of the Earl of Shrews- 
bury), viz., Letitia (cousin of Jane, mother of Sir 
John O'Flaherty), grandmother of Talbot O'Flaherty 
(Gen. Table, II. No. 42, et ante, p. 363). 

g She was the “‘pearla an chúil oir’, the pearl 
of the golden locks, of Carolan’s well-known Irish 

IRISH ARCH. 80C. 15. 


The principal of these were, the Earl of Clanricarde, Richard 


Martin 


song, “Lord Mayo” See Irish Minstrelsy, vol. i. 
p. 282. 

h He was one of the party which composed the 
forlorn hope at the taking of Martinique and Guada- 
loupe, and for his gallant conduct was rewarded 
with a company. In the commission he is styled 
‘“‘ baronet.” In a subsequent commission of the 
peace, 15th January, 19 Geo. IIL, he is styled 
‘‘ knight ;” but neither he nor his successor seems to 
have cared much about either title. See ante, p. 
807, par. 10, where it appears that Queen Elizabeth 
intended to create their direct ancestor, Morrough 
na d-tuadh, a peer of Ireland. 

i See Abstracts of the Grants passed under the 
Acts of Settlement and Explanation, attached to the 
Fifteenth Report of the Commissioners on the Public 
Records of Ireland, vol. iii. fo. Lond. 1825. The 
Editor having first suggested the printing of those 
Abstracts as an Appendix to the Report referred to, 
he takes this opportunity of mentioning, as a literary 


3H 


418 


Martin of Dangan; John Browne, ancestor of the Marquis of Sligo; the Archbishop 
of Tuam, in trust for the see; Doctor Seele, Provost of Trinity College. Dublin, in 
trust for the College; Sir Thomas Meredith, one of Cromwell’s Privy Council in Ire 
land; Sir George Bingham of Castlebar; Colonel John Whaley, one of the 49 officers; 
Edward Geoghegan, a ‘‘ transplanter;” several descendants of the wealthy burghers 
of Galway, and others. One of the most extensive of these grantees was Richard 
Martin, Esq., a "rank papist;” but, so fur as the acquisition of property was cun- 
eerned, one of the most remarkable men of his time. After the abdication uf 
James IL, he joined, or rather was obliged to join, the forlorn hope called the Irish 
army of that prince. [Ie was appointed a captain of foot, and having been ‘‘ commanded 
towards Dublin,” fur active service, he ‘‘made his will.’ The original, in his hand- 
writing, and dated sth May, 1689, is now before me; but although sufficiently curious 
in itself, I can here only glance at its contents. After devising his estates in the 
" baronyes of Muckulin, Buallynehinch, and Ross, in Ire-Connaught,” and his lands 
in other parts of the counties of Galway, Roscommon, and Mayo, to his sons, Robert 


and Anthony, and providing for his six daughters, it proceeds: 
I doe bequeath to the ffryers of St. Francis abbey in Gallway, five pounds ster- 
ling, to be paid them, in order to oblige them to pray for me continually in that 


church. 


And I doe recomend to my wife to erect some parte of our chappell in the 


said abbey, and to leave suine monument behind us in the said chappell, which will 
verry much helpe the remembering us in their prayers. T leave forty shillings to the 


anecdote, a difficulty which he had to remove, before 
the proposition was carried into effect. This arose from 
an apprehension under which some of the Commis- 
sioners laboured, that the publication of the Abstracts 
in question, might cause the descendants of the de- 
prived Irish, to seek for a restitution of their ancient 
estates; and which caused the suggestion to be at first 
rejectel But after adducing reasons to shew the 
absurdity of such an apprehension, the project was 
at length adopted; and that valuable body of infor- 
mation has been added to the other published ma- 
terials for Trish history. 

But another class of recorded evidence, of a much 
nore curious nature than the forewing, still remains 
for publication; namely, the Depositions connected 
with the rebellion of 1641. which are preserved in 
the MS. library of Trinity College, Dublin. After 
a close inspection of most of those documents, the 


fryers 
Talitor became fully convinced that, without their aid, 
the transactiuns of the seventeenth century, which are 
among the most momentous in Irish history, can sever 
be adequately pourtrayed by the histurian. It is rea- 
sonable to suppose that, during the period to which 
these Depositions relate, and before the political firel- 
ings and religious prejudices of the times had eativdy 
subsided, prudence might have prevented their ous- 
tents from being generally laid before the public 
But now, after a lapse of more than two centarion 
when such causes no longer exist, nu good argument 
ean be advanced against the publication of the @- 
tire, exovpt, perhaps, the argumentum ad rem, fer 
the expen would indoubtedly be cunsiderabla 
Leaving it, however, in the hands of thuse cumpasant 
to obviate that ditticulty, it is to be boped that, 
sooner or later, thore curious documents may be given 
to the world. 





419 


fryers of Ross abbey, the like sume to the abbey of Kinalehen, and the like sume to 
the Dominicans and Augustinians in Galway. I bequeath to my parish priest forty 
shillings, to father Bietagh soe much, and father Teige soe much. I desire my wife 
be kind to the poore of this country. The rest I leave to God. 

‘“‘RicHARD MARTIN,” 


The testator lived upwards of thirty years after the date of this will. On the defeat 
of James II., he submitted to King William’s government, and obtained a free and 
general pardon. He then petitioned that King, setting forth, that he, the petitioner, 
“is seized of several thousands of acres of coarse mountain lands, in the remotest part 
of the county Galway called Ere-Connaught, beyond Galway in the kingdom of 
Ireland; which with great care, pains, and industry he acquired under the Acts of 
Settlement and Explanation. That the said lands are now in a manner wholly waste, 
and that he cannot procure tenants to live on them without great encouragement. 
That petitioner is so sensible of your Majesty’s grace and favour, that he is resolved 
to lay out all he is worth, or that he can on his credit raise, to improve the said 
lands, and hopes that his example will induce others to do the same. That your 
petitioner designs building a town, in a place called Clare, where there are two fairs 
kept yearly, by prescription, and to give all encouragement imaginable to all trades- 
men and handycraftsmen to settle and plant there, and hopes that if the said lands 
were erected into a manner [manor ], he should much sooner effect his intention.” This 
was accordingly granted by patent, dated 5th July, A. D. 1698, by which, it is said, 
the title of all his previous acquisitions was ratified; and that seems to have been the 
principal object in view, for the promised town was never built. In conclusion, it 
may be observed, that although lIar-Connaught, which equals in size some of our 
Irish counties, was wrested from the O’Flaherties, and transferred to new masters in 
the seventeenth century, it remains to this day, with all its natural advantages, one 
of the least improved, and least productive portions of the same extent in Ireland. 
Hence the poet has sarcastically pointed to 

‘The houseless wilds of Connamara.” 


HI. 


As the present volume of the publications of the Irish Archeological Society has 
commenced with Roderic O’Flaherty’s treatise on West or h-Iar-Connaught, it will 
conclude with some smaller treatises or essays by him, on historical and antiquarian 
subjects, not hitherto published; having prefixed a few notices of the author and his 
works, not given by former investigators: 

3H2 “ The 


420 


é Te kingdom cannot too much express its obligations to Mr. Roderic O° Flaherty.” 
C. O’Conor, Dissert. Sect. viii. 


By the Indenture of Composition for Iar-Connaught, entered into with Quees 
Elizabeth, A. D., 1585*, it appears, that our author’s grandfather, Rory O'Flaherty. 
of Moycullen', was one of the principal contracting parties therein; and that it pr- 
vided for his better mayntenance of livinge, and in respect of his good and awl 
bringinge up in England™, he should have letters pattentes of the castle and house uf 
Moycullen, and all other his lands in Gnobegge®. He was succeeded by his eldest 
son, Hugh O'Flaherty, who took to wife Elizabeth Darcy, of the family of the cele 
brated lawyer of that name, for whom sce Harris’s Ware, vol. ii. p. 121. This Hugh 
was the last chief of his race. He resided in the castle of Moycuilen®, and died 20th 
October, 1631, leaving our author, then an infant of two years, his only son and heir, 
as appears by an Lnqguisitio post mortem, still remaining on record?. 

At this period, Galway, our author’s birth-place, had within its walls a famous 


school, to which students resorted from all parts of Ireland’. This establishment was 
conducted by Alexander Lynch, one of the ancient natives of the town, and a man of 
considerable 


k See ante, p. 309, where, in note 4, for Moycullen 
read Gnobeg. 

' Gen. Table, IL. No. 35. 

™ Part of the policy of Queen Elizabeth's govern- 
ment in Ireland, was to induce the Irish chiefs and 
others of rank, to send their children to be educated 
in England. ‘ Quant aux Irlandais de race, action 
du governement sur eux se bornait, en temps de paix, 
a des tentatives pour attirer en Angleterre les chefs 
et dex princes, qui étaient en grand nombre, et pour 
obtenir que leurs fils fussent mis sous la garde et 
élevés dans hotel du roi."— Thierry, Histoire de la 
Conguete de CAngleterre par les Normans. Con- 


clusion, see. iv. But this policy not succeeding 
generally, King James 1. improved on the plan, by 
having a clause inserted in all grants of wardship, 
that the wards should be * maintained and educated 
in the English religion and habits, in Trinity College, 
Dublin.”"—See the patent rolls of that king. passim. 
"fate. p. 315. By inquisition taken 16th Nov., 
1605, it was found that he died 15th Nov., 1499, 
seized of the castle of Moycullen, and various lands 
in Gnobew, which he held tw capite, by military ser- 
vice: and that Hugh O'Flaherty was his son and 


heir.— Orig. Ing. Scuc. 

© See ante, p. 55, note 5. 

P Rolls Office, Dublin, 6° Aug. An. 8 Car. Lit 
states the marriage settlement of Hugh, dated 10th 
July, 1626, in which Patrick Darcy, the lawyer. 
appears named as a trustee. 

4 A writer in a late periodical, The Dublin Pasay 
Journal, A. D. 1838, p. 326, giving an extract 
from the Real Visitation of Ireland, A. D. 1615, 
see ante, p. 215, states, that the *‘ schoolmaster 
named Lynch,” mentioned in it, was Doctor Jos 
Lynch, author of Cambrensia Eversys. Bat that 
was a mistake, as appears by the following entry 
in the annals of the town: “A.D. 1608, af this 
period there was a famous school, containing 1208 
scholars, kept in Galway by Alexander Lvach” 
For this entry, see Dutton’s Stat. Survey, Co.Galway, 
p. 263, Dub. 1824. Doctor John Lynch was, bow 
ever, as tradition tells us, the son and success a 
that Alexander. That tradition the Exlitor had trem 
his old friend John Lynch Alexander, mentioned in 
Hist. Galway, preface, p.ix., who was himself of the 
same branch of the Lynchea: and died abuut SMe 
years agro, aged upwanis of eighty. 





421 


considerable learning. He was succeeded by his son, Doctor John Lynch, afterwards a 
Roman Catholic bishop, and well known as the author of the celebrated work entitled 
Cambrensis Eversus. In this school our author was educated ; and between him and Doc- 
tor Lynch, who was older by some years, an intimacy and friendship were formed, 
which ended only with their lives. The distinguished antiquary, Duald Mac Firbis, of 
Lecane, was the intimate friend of both; and this learned triumvirate had long resided 
together in Galway. It may be necessary to observe here, that during the first half 
of the seventeenth century, that town was the most distinguished place in Ireland, 
next to Dublin; which, in some respects, it surpassed, particularly in its commercial 
relations. Some have even gone so far as to assert, that if in the beginning, Galway 
had become the capital of Ireland, instead of Dublin, the country in general would 
at the present day be far more advanced than it is, in prosperity and improvement. 
In the ancient school and college of St. Nicholas there, many learned men were edu- 
cated. Here, Mac Firbis, O'Flaherty, Lynch, Francis Browne", Patrick Darcy, the 
celebrated lawyer, Sir Richard Blake, Dr. Kirwan, R. C. bishop of Killala, Edmund de 
Burgo, Peter French, John O’Heyne, and other persons of distinction frequently assem - 
bled. And here were planned and partly executed, some of those learned works 
which have ever since ranked among the most valuable on Irish history. 

Our author from his youth applied himself closely to the study of the history 
and antiquities of his native land; and under the guidance of his two more matured 
friends, Mac Firbis and Lynch, he made considerable progress. His first production 
was his Letter on the Chronology of Irish History, addressed to Doctor Lynch, whom 
he calls his most dear Lynch, “‘charissime Lyncee.” In this it appears, that a long 
literary correspondence had taken place between them on that subject; and that the 
chronological discrepancies between Irish writers, had given them both considerable 
trouble, ‘‘ Plurimam molestiam in tua meaque mente pepererunt.” Lynch requested 
our author to revise and correct the chronology from the ancient authorities, and the 
result appears partly in this letter; which is dated ex Armorica Galviensi*, 18 Sep- 
tembris Sabbato 4 Temporum 1665, but was first published with the Ogygia, in 
A. D. 1685. This letter appears to have been revised long after its date, for it con- 
tains an allusion to the murder of the author’s intimate friend, “ intimo nostro 

amico,” 

' See Ogyg. p. 30. Fainge, as it is called to this day. Near it, at 

* The Editor's copy of the Ogygia formerly be- Parke, the author resided at the time. His transla- 
longed to Dr. Ledwich, who says in a MS. notein it, tor, Hely, has left the term unexplained ; though he 
that “ Armorica Galviensi” meant Tuam. But in ought to have known that the Commentators on 


that the Doctor was mistaken; for it means the Cwsar derive Armorica from Armor (Irish, gin 
north shore of the bay of Galway, i.e. COIT mu!p) on the sea.” 


422 


amico,” Duald Mac Firbis, which was perpetrated in A.D. 1675. The assistance 
which he received from this learned man is feelingly acknowledged. 

His next known production, in point of time, was his “ Observations on D’ Bor- 
lace’s Reduction of Ireland,” now first printed in this Appendix, from the author” 
autograph. This appears notified in Thorpe’s curious Catalogue of the Southwell MSS. 
A.D. 1834, No. 348, with the following remark: ‘“ These observations were trans- 
mitted to Mr. Robert Downing, in a letter dated Galway, Jan. 17, 1681~2. and rebut. 
apparently with some consistency, Sir John Temple’s assertions respecting the massacre 
of the Protestants of Ulster, in 1641. He is very severe on Borlace, and vindicates for- 
cibly the unquestionable veracity of the early Irish chronicles.” This was succeeded 
by his Description of West or h-Iar Connaught, now first printed in the present 
volume. After these followed the publication of his great work, the Ogygis, which 
remains a lasting monument of our author’s learning and genius. Immediately on 
its appearance, it excited the curiosity and attracted the attention of the learned of 
Europe, many of whom testified their approbation of the work in the most Aattering 
terms. Dr. Smith, in his Catalogue of the Cotton Library, commended our author for 
his learning and accuracy'; as did also that famous scholar Edward Lhuyd, in the pre- 
face to his Irish Dictionary". Our ublest untiquaries since that time have admitted, 
that in it he has given “secure anchorage” to Irish history. He has “ settled the chro- 
nology of the Christian ages in Ireland with the greatest accuracy, and even that of 
Scotland so precisely, that he may justly be esteemed the first chronologer of the affairs 
of that kingdom’.” According to Pinkerton, the Ogygia “ raised a strange flame 
among the Scotish writers. National enmity and prejudice made truths very unaccep- 
table”. The Scotish lists (of the Dalriadic kings of North Britain) compared with 
that of O'Flaherty, are most inaccurate*.” 


Although 


t See Cat. Stow. MSS. vol. i. p. 86. 

" Arch. Brit. p. 311, A. D. 1706. 

¥ O'Conor, Dissert. sect. xii. 

w Introd. Hist. Scot. p. xlix. which see, for the 
continuation of Pinkerten’s characteristic exposure 
of the “crazy ideas, absurd ingenuity, puerile read- 
ing, and cunning quibbles,” of the three historical 
knights errant, Sir George Mackenzie, Sir Robert 
Sibbald, and Sir James Dalrymple, in defence of the 
romantic fables of Scotch history, against our author. 

x list. Scot. vol. i. p. 100. It has long been 
the fate of Irish history and antiquities, to be misre- 
presented by persons unacquainted with the lan- 


guage and literature of the country. Amsg 
these are reckoned those historical system-maken, 
Whitaker, Pinkerton, and their followers; also Cas. 
Leland, and others of their class. During the pre- 
gress of the Ojrygia, the author, always modest and 
diffident, sent the first part of the work to his friend, 
William Molyneux: a man whoee name, in seang 
respects, “ Ireland ought to honour.” The Sista, 
writing to his brother Thomas, 30th Oct. 1683, sara, 
“have in my hands, and do suddenly intend te 
send them over, the first part of the Ogygia. I 
think. indeed, it is not contemptible, and thet is 


enough to be said of any thing relating to the pre- 


423 


Although our author was naturally of a mild and forbearing disposition, and not 
inclined to censure others, yet he was sometimes obliged to lay aside his usual for- 
bearance ; and on one occasion particularly, he “let fly,” to use the words of Bishop 
Nicolson, “a whole chapter of remarks’ upon honest Father Walsh, for his pretend- 
ing, in his ‘ Prospect of Ireland,’ to criticism in the Irish language"? But the real 
cause was, our author’s dislike of that restless ecclesiastic, for his advocacy of Ormond, 
the determined enemy of the old Irish proprietors. Nicolson adds, that “ this severe 
treatment” probably discouraged Walsh from publishing a second part of his “ Pros- 
pect.” This is not unlikely, although the Ogygia, which contained the “ Remarks,” 
was not published for three years after Walsh’s work. The subjoined original docu- 
ment, now first printed, may help to shew how that remarkable man was employed, 


after Ormond’s departure from Ireland". 


The ‘ Ogygia Vindicated against the Objections of Sir George Mackenzie,” was 


our author’s next production. 


This remained in MS. until A. D. 1775, when it was 


published by the venerable Charles O’Conor®, to whose preface the reader is referred 


found antiquities of our country, concerning which 
little has been yet said that would not raise scorn in 
a reader.” See Dublin University Magazine for Oct. 
1841, p. 472. Vallancey was not ashamed to charge 
our author with duplicity in pretending ignorance 
of the old language in which the Brehon laws were 
written. See preface to Collect. p. v. Ed. 1770; and 
Lhuyd’s letter, to which he refers. Phil. Trans. No. 363. 

Y Ogyg. Part. In. c. 27. 

« Ir. Hist. Lib. ii. c. 2. 

a The following is from the original Council Book, 
Dublin Castle: 

“ Order to lycence Peter Walsh a priest, to come 
out of Flanders into Ireland. 

“ Whereas we are informed by Coll. Christopher 
Mayo, that one PETER WALSH a priest, now in 
Flanders, is furnished with authority from the King 
of Spaine, and moneys for the transporting of 4000 
Irish natives for his said Majesties service in Flan- 
ders aforesaid. These are therefore to permitt and 
suffer the said Peter Walsh with his servants, tra- 
velling arms, and necessaries, quietly to transport 
himself into Ireland: provided, that at his first 
arrival in Ireland, the said Walsh do give notice to 
the governor of the garrison where he shall so 


for 


arrive; provided also that he comes furnished with 
authority as aforesaid, and that he use not his 
priestly function in this land; and that he act no- 
thing prejudiciall to the commonwealth of England. 
Dublin, 26th May, 1653.” 

» From the original ‘ Transactions of the Com- 
mittee of Antiquarians of the Dublin Society,” now 
preserved in the Library of the Royal Irish Academy, 
the following extract relative to the above work has 
been taken: ‘A MS. entitled ‘Ogygia Vindicated,’ 
written by Mr. O'Flaherty, to expose Sir George 
Mackensie’s Defence of Fordun’s History of the 
Royal Line of Scotland, was laid before the Com- 
mittee, by Mr. Morris of the County Galway, for 
their perusal: referred to a Committee, who reported 
that the same was authentic, and is deserving of 
publication. Resolved, 1st Feb. 1778, that Charles 
O’Conor, Esq., be requested to prepare same for the 
Press, with such annotations as he shall think neces- 
sary. That a sum of twenty guineas be paid to 
Mr. Morris for the same, provided he will inform 
the Committee in what manner the MS. came into 
his hands, and how long it has been in his poases- 
sion, as it appears not to be in the handwriting of 
Mr. O'Flaherty.” 


424 


for some further particulars relating to our author. Mr. O'Conor (Preface. p. ni) 
excuses some of the phraseology of that work by observing, that the English was t 
Mr. O'Flaherty ‘ta foreign language.” Of the same plea we here avail ourselves, with 
reference to the description of West Connaught, and the other tracts hereto subjoined. 
That he was a greater master of Latin than English is very evident; but the mst- 
ters which he has treated of in the latter, and the judgment and learning displayed 
throughout, will, it is hoped, induce the reader to extend that indulgence tu him 
here, which was solicited by the venerable editor for the “ Vindication.” His Letter 
on the Chinese Chronology, and Animadversions on the pretended Subjection of th 
Irish Bishops to the See of Canterbury, both first printed in this Appendix, are 
the latest productions of our author of which we have any knowledge. The Istter 
was found among the Southwell MSS., and is thus noticed in Thorpe’s Catalogue‘ 
before alluded to, No. 432: “A long and most interesting autograph letter, dated 
prid. cal. May, 1709, in four closely-written folio pages. The assertion here corrected 
ix that by Dr. Chamberlayne, in his Notitia Anglicana, in relation to the Irish natien. 
of whom, as Flaherty observes, but few late writers have a right understanding, since 
the publishing of Giralde’s Cambrensis, by Camden, in 1602, that being the only 
history they follow, though the manifold errors and calumnies in that work were 
set forth in Latin, under the title of Cambrensis Eversus, at St. Malo’s, in 16632. 
Lynch’s volume is generally supposed to have been printed at London, and its extreme 
rarity to have been occasioned by, as it appears, only a conjectured annihilation by 
the ravages of the fire in 1666. 

* The publication of this letter would be a delicious morceau to the Irish eccles- 
asticul antiquary. Unalloyed by romance, authenticated references are adduced rels- 
tive to the mission of St. Augustine in Britain, and other historical facts, [ao] as to 
render it extremely valuable. The life and mission of St. Patrick, an Englishman, to 
Ireland, in 432; his founding the sees of Trim and Ardmagh, in Ulster; his jour- 
ney to Rome, where such authority and privileges were granted to him as rendered 
him the hierarch of the Irish church, are so amply and clearly told, that Flaherty's 
narrative will enforce the reader to be assured of his being one of the most generally 
informed, most lucid, and most impartial of the antiquaries and historians of his day.” 


Our 


© There oceurs in the same Catalogue a MS.num- — dated at Oxford, which have been printed in the 


bered 391, pp. 59 4to. bearing the title of the 


Ouyvuia. but described as a Vindication of the 


work, asainst the Cavils of Sir George Mackenzie,” 


and stated as "not having been printed.” This MS. 
is, however, nothing mere than a collection of pas- 
sages from the printed Opygia itself, and the letters 


Vindication. It is now in the library of Sir Thomas 
Phillips, Bart.. of Middlehill, Broadway, Worcaster- 
shire: a gentleman whose politeness and Liberality 
in permitting access to his invaluable collection of 
manuscripts, the Editor takes this opportunity ageia 
gratefully to acknowledge. 





fi 


425 


Our author, in Ogyg. part iii. c. xc. p. 421, promised to continue that work in a 
second book, which was to treat of the Christian kings of Ireland. Walter Harris, 
the editor of Ware’s works (vol. ii. p. 272), says he was “informed that Mr. 
O'Flaherty did finish his second Book, and that it yet (A.D. 1745) remains in 
MS. among his relations in Conaught ;” but Harris feared it was ‘“‘no more than that 
short abstract of Annals, in a few loose papers of his Handwriting (beginning at the 
year 1187, and ending with 1327) which the Bishop of Derry mentionsd.” Charles 
O'Conor, who was better informed on the subject, informs us in his Preface to Ogygia 
Vindicated, p. xxi., that Mr. O'Flaherty was long employed about a work entitled 
“The Ocyci1a CHRISTIANA, or the Annals of Ireland from its Reception of Chris- 
tianity. This second Ogygia, more valuable than the first, for its importance, may, we 
hope, be still insome safe hand*.” The same venerable authority, in another place’, 
expresses his apprehensions lest any of our author's loose papers “should be offered 
for publication, without receiving his own last corrections.” But those now first 
printed in the present volume appear to have had that advantage, and even to have 
been transmitted by him for the press. It is, therefore, hoped that they will not be 
found to detract, in any way, from his well-earned reputation. 

With respect to our author’s sad personal history, it will not occupy much of our 
space. He had scarcely arrived at the age of manhood, A. D. 1652, when he found 
himself, without any delinquency on his part, included in the general proscription of 
the times, and his ample hereditary possessions involved in the confiscation which 
followed. On the ground of his “innocency,” he appealed to the Parliamentary 
Commissioners of Delinquency, who sat at Athlone, A. D. 1653, and he was decreed 
entitled to a considerable portion of his estate in Iar-Connaught, which was accord- 
ingly ‘‘ set out” to him by the Commissioners, who immediately after sat at Loughrea. 
But this was a mere nominal restitution, for the contributions levied by the State 
were so heavy*, and the country was so much depopulated, that he derived no benefit 

from 


4 In Hist. Library, Appendix ry. The Bishop information which might lead to its recovery; but 


adds: “These are a few loose papers of that gentle- 
man’s own hand-writing, and ought to be preserved 
with due respect, since we all know with what a 
scrupulous zeal he (O'Flaherty) endeavoured to 
ascertain its own time to every occurrence under the 
sun.” 

e The Editor joins in this hope, although he has 
made several inquiries respecting the MS. in ques- 
tion, and even proposed pecuniary rewards for any 


all without effect. The only hope he now entertains 
about it is, that it may possibly remain in the pos- 
session of the family that inherited our author's 
estate after his only son, who died without issue, 
but among whom there was no opportunity of mak - 
ing inquiry. 

f Dissert. Pref. 

€ 15th March, 1652, ordered by the Council of 
State: ‘‘Qn application made to the Commissioners 


IRISH ARCH. 80C. 15. 31 


426 


from it, and was, consequently, reduced to the most severe privations. It was pro- 
hably about this time that, according to Mr. O'Conor", he experienced the friendship 
of Counsellor Terence Mac Donough, of Creevagh, in the County of Sligo; and thas 
he there first became known to Duald Mac Firbis, of Lecane, in that county, the most 
learned Irish antiquary of any age, and whose acquaintance was, in all likelihood, our 
author's greatest consolation under his subsequent difficulties. The example of this 
distinguished scholar is supposed to have first induced him to study the history and 
antiquities of his native land. 

On the restoration of Charles II.', our author, like many more of the dispossessed 
Irish, expected to be restored to his estates ; hut in that he was disappointed, as be 
has himself thus feelingly described : ““ Regium heredem Dominus bonorum omnium 
upplausu citra pulverem et sanguinem ad sua regna mirabiliter revocavit : Sed me 


for an abatement of the cuntribution charged upon 
the co. Galway, in regard of Eer-Connaught, a 
great part of the said co. lies excluded from pro- 
tection.— That the inhabitants within the said pre- 
cinct be abated soe much as cannot be made and 
raysed, by planting the inhabitants removed from 
Fer-Connaught in protected places” On 4th Noy. 
1653, another order for abatement was made : 
‘As the territory of Ere-Connaught, and other 
places within the said precinct, are wasted and ex- 
cluded from protection, that of the £3200 monthly 
assessment charged, £600 monthly fur 3 months 
from Jat Nov. be respited."— Orig. Council Book, 
Dub. Castle. 

h Dissert. Preface. 

' At this time Dublin and (Galway were the two 
principal cities of Ireland. Sir Charles Coote, then 
President of Connaught, and one of the must leading 
characters of the kingdom, seeing the decline of the 
Parliamentary power, which be had been one of the 
forvinost to uphold, resolved to declare for the resto- 
ration of the monarch, and, as a preliminary step for 
a “free” Parliament, which meant a Parliament 
favourable to the design. To ensure the success of 
“momentous and dangerous a movement, he saw 
the necessity. of securing Galway; and that he 
achieved in the following singular manner. Early 
in January, 1659, Sir Charles being in that town, of 


which Col. Thomas Sadlier was then governs, 
he invited the latter ‘and his officers all sealous 
for the Long Parliament, to his house over the 
water, to be merry; which done, he pretended a 
desire to drink a glass of wine in Galway privately 
with the colonel: so they two secretly took a beat, 
with each a servant, and being on the other ade, 
Sir Charles said: ‘ Colonel Sadlier, | am resolved 
for a free Parliament, and to have this garrisas; 
you have a sword about you, draw, and fight, & 
else engage your honour you will make no disturb 
ance in the town upon our admission, and my decis- 
ration.” To which Sadlier, surprised and troubled, 
answered, he would acquiesce. Upon this be comssd 
the gate to be opencd, and Sir Charles having de 
clared himself, the soldiers cried out, ‘A Coat' 
a Coot! and a free Parliament''” Having secared 
the person of the governor, he immediately proe- 
cevded to Dublin, and, in conjunction with Lend 
Brohill, surprised the Castle there ; seized the Par- 
liamentary governors, Waller, Jones, Thomlinsm, 
and Corbet, whom they sent prisoners to England. 
They then declared fur a full and free Parliament, 
which was soon after followed by the Restoration. 
Fur the particulars of the foregoing revolution and 
narrative, see Cox's [listory of Ireland, vol. B.; abe 
Burtyn's History, 4to. London, 1690, p. 50. 





427 


non dignum invenit, cui tugurii mei regnum restituat. Tibi soli peccavi, Domine; 
Sit nomen Domini benedictum in eternum*.” In another place he says: “I live a 
banished man within the bounds of my native soil; a spectator of others enriched by 
my birth-right; an object of condoling to my relations and friends, and a condoler of 
their miseries!” And in these, or similar unavailing complaints,—at times elated by 
hope, but more frequently sunk in despondency,—he seems to have passed the remain- 
der of his life. 

Towards the close of the reign of Charles II. a Commission was held in Dublin, 
to hear and determine the claims of ‘‘ transplanted persons in Connaught and Clare.” 
Here our author exhibited his claim, grounded on the adjudication of the Parlia- 
mentary Commissioners before alluded to; and he was accordingly decreed entitled to 
a small portion of his inheritance, viz., the lands of Legvineagh, Kaylagh, and Sersey, 
situate in the barony of Moycullen, containing about 500 acres™, not one acre out of 
every fifty of the ancient territory of Gnobeg. At this time he resided at Parke, 
part of the lands so adjudicated, which lay along the sea-coast, about seven miles 
west of Galway. There he wrote his Ogygia and other works", but his circum- 
stances were no way benefited by the above decree. This arose from the debts which 
he had been previously obliged to contract, and the impoverished state of the district. 
His privations, therefore, continued through life; and of their extent some idea may 
be formed from a letter of his contemporary, Edward Lhuyd, which has lately come 
to light. That learned man having travelled through Ireland, to collect materials 
for his great work, the Archeologia Britannica, among those whom he specially visited 
for information was our author; and in the letter alluded to, which was written 
about A. D. 1702, he mentions some book communicated with a letter “ to old 
O'Flaherty, who, unless it comes frank, will, I fear, be scarce able to pay postage®!” 

| It 
see anfe, p. 252, and page 421, note *. 
o See Thorpe’s Catalogue of the Southwell MSS., 


k Ogvg. 180. “ The Lord hath wonderfully recall- 
ed the royal heir to his kingdom, with the applause 


of all good men, and without dust and blood; but 
he hath not found me worthy to be restored to 
the kingdom of my cottage. Against thee alone, 
O Lord, I have sinned; May the name of the Lord 
be blessed for ever.” 

! Ogyg. Vind. p. 153. 

m His certificate, dated 11th April, 1677, is in- 
rolled in the office of the Remembrancer of the Ex- 
chequer, Dublin. 

n He generally dated, ‘‘ Ex Armorica Galvim.” 
This shore is still called CoIf FaINse, for which 


p. 287, referred to ante, p.424. In a subsequent let- 
ter, ‘‘ relative to a very rare plant found in the Isle 
of Aran,” Lhuyd states, that our author’s residence 
was ‘‘ just opposite to the island.”— Jd. Its remains 
are still shewn, about twenty perches to the north of 
the road, midway between Forbagh and Spiddle. 
The house is about sixty feet in length, with one 
little chamber off it to the west. Immediately to 
the south of the house is a low rock, covered with a 
green mossy sward, commanding an extensive view 
of the sea, the three islands of Aran, and a consider- 


312 


ape. 


428 


It may here be observed, that the destitution thus described was not confined to our 
author alone; it was largely shared by the Irish gentry in general at the time’. In 
a few years after this, Thomas Molyneux, describing a journey which he made to 
Connaught, thus writes of our author : “ Wednesday, 21st [ April, 1709], I went to 
vizit old Flaherty, who lives very old, in a miserable condition at Park. some 
3 hours west of Gallway, in Hiar or West Connaught. I expected to have seen here 
sume old Irish manuscripts, but his ill-fortune has stripp’d him of these as well as 
his other goods, so that he has nothing now left but some few pieces of his own 


writing, and a few old rummish [romish?] books of history, printed*.” 
of this melancholy recital our author was beyond the age of eighty. 


At the time 
He survived 


about eight years, and died at Parke’, leaving an only son named Michael". 


able extent of the northern coast of Clare = On this 
rock our author is said to have spent much of his 
time in viewing the sublimity of the prospect. 

* See the same Catalogue, p. 94, for the descrip- 
tion of the Irish by Sir Richard Cox, and quoted 
herein, ante, p. 13, note d. Thorpe's Cat. p. 236, 
also notices a MS. pamphict, entitled “ The Groans 
of Ireland,” written about 1694, in which the "' beg- 
gary of the Irish” in France is described as * hor- 
rific;” and a passage is piven which sustains the 
statement. 

4 See another extract from this * Journey,” ante, 
p. 57, note? The entire is now being published by 
that learned and accomplished member of the Irish 
Archwolovical Society, Dr. Aquilla Smith, in the 
Miscellany of the Society, A.D. 189416. Among the 
"few pieces of his own writing” mentioned by Mo- 
Iyneux, was probably our author's "" Animadver- 
sions on the Subjection of the Bishops of Ireland to 
This tract ap- 
pears dated a few days after the traveller's visit, and 


the Archbishops of Canterbury.” 


is now first printed in this Appendix. 

r Accordiny to tradition, he was interred within 
his house at Parke, by order of his son, which was 
done under the strange idea of keeping possession of 
This is probably true, for the same tra- 
ditiun relates that his son was a fool. 

s The books of the Heralds’ Onfice, Dublin, state 
that Roderic O'Flaherty, author of the Oicygia, was 


the estate. 


On 


married, in A. D. 1652, to a daughter of Coirerl 
Morough na doe (Gen. Table, II. No. 39). That he 
had fuur sisters, two only of whom were married, 
viz. Jane or Bridget, to Oliver O'Hara, Esq. of 
Sligo, and Mary, to Cormac O'Hara, of the same 
The latter had three sons, Roger, Heber, and 
Michael, a Dominican friar; and four daughters, 
1. Eliz., wife of Henry Plunket, Easa. of Dunshagh- 
lin, County Meath; 2, Catherine, wife, firs of 
Captain Thumas Maguire, secondly, of Licutenamt 
Thomas Dowling; 3. Christian, wife of Mac Jonys 
(Jennings), County Mayo; 4. Martha. second wife 
of Captain Robert Dowling, father of Thomas afare- 
said, and of Rev. Joseph, superior of the Teresian 
Carmelites in Ireland. The following probably al- 
ludes to Roger, the first son of Cormac; °* Captain 
Patrick O'Hara, aon of Roderick, or Roger O'Hara 
(captain in the service of King Philip the Fifth, 
slain Ao. 1702, in the battle near the river of Pee 
in Italy), and of Bridget Burke, daughter of Charles 
Burke Fitz-Rickanl Fitz-David, of the house of The- 
ohald Burke, created by King Philip the Thin, of 
Spain, Marquis of Mayo. All his predecessors ware 
Catholicks since the conversion of Ireland to Chie- 
tianity, and he descended of the best of the family 
uf O'Hara; a family lineally descendeal from Oll 
Olum. A. D. 137, King of Munster (de guo Ogygia, 
p. 147, and p. 326), whose third son, Kien (p. $28). 
was father of Thady (p. 331), whose son, Cormac 


429 


On 15th Feb. A. D. 1717, “Michael Flaherty of Parke, gent.” exhibited a plaint 
in the Chancery of Ireland, that ‘ Roger Flaherty late of Parke, Esq., whose son and 
heir the said Michael is, depending on Richard Martin, Esq.', who was his close 
neighbour and neere relation, and who had been concerned for the said Roger in the 
court of Claimes in 1677, and knew him to-be a quiet and easy man, no ways conver- 
sant with law affairs, having during his life addicted himself to other studies of 
histories and antiquities of this kingdome: that it was agreed between them that the 
said Roger (who was not within the Articles of Limerick or Galway, and was there- 
fore apprehensive that he would forfeit his estate), should perfect an antedated con- 
veyance of his lands to the said Richard (who was within Articles), which conveyance 
was dated 34 Oct. 1691; and afterwards they had further deeds in 1703, which were 
antedated to Nov. 1691: that at length Richard Martin, pretending those convey- 
ances were made for full and valuable consideration, retained the possession of the 
lands, which he settled on the marriage of his son, Anthony,” but which the said 
Michael prayed to be restored to him. The suit thus commenced lasted several years, 
and ended in the overthrow of Martin. Pending the proceedings, Michael O’Flaherty 
married Annable Martin, who was ‘a neere relation” both of himself and his oppo- 
nent, and widow of Edmond Fitzpatrick, Esq., of Aran". He, soon after, assigned the 


Galeng (p. 332), was father of Laius (p. 334), of 
whose son Fidcuir, O’Hara and O'Gara sprang 
(p. 384). Ogygia is to be had in sheets, within 
Temple-bar, as you goe from the strand, London.” 
—Extract from a book marked ‘‘ O'Gorman MSS.” 
p. 844, preserved in the library of the Royal Irish 
Academy. 

t For whom vide ante, p. 418. We have seen 
that this individual obtained several grants under 
the Act of Settlement, of the confiscated lands of the 
O’Flaherties, in Iar-Connaught; all which he pru- 
dently, as will appear in the sequel, had confirmed 
by William III. The scrambling of court favou- 
rites, discoverers, adventurers, soldiers, and others, 
for confiscated lands in Ireland, during the sixteenth 
and seventeenth centuries, is well known. The hurry 
with which the patent grants of those lands were 
generally prepared, occasioned unavoidable mistakes, 
These, with the numerous clauses, savings, and re- 
versions which the grants contained, gave rise to 
serious apprehensions as to the validity of the titles 


estate 


derived under them. Many persons even dreaded a 
revival of those inquiries into defective titles, which 
led to such evil consequences in the times of James 
and Charles I. That those apprehensions were not 
wholly groundless, appears from some proceedings 
recently taken. Within the last twenty years the 
Commissioners of Woods and Forests instituted a 
searching inquiry into the patent titles of Ireland, 
particularly for reversions in the Crown, and lands 
for which no grants could be produced. On this 
inquiry the Editor’s aid was solicited to direct re- 
searches, with offers of ample remuneration, which 
he declined. The investigation, however, proceeded, 
and caused no small degree of uneasiness among 
landed proprietors. Considerable sums were ex- 
acted from many, who were obliged to compound for 
their estates, and tracts of land were taken possession 
of for the Crown. At length, owing to accidental 
causes, the proceeding was discontinued, and, it is 
to be hoped, will never be revived. 

« In the early part of the last century the family of 


430 


estate to his step-son, Rickard Fitzpatrick, Esy. (Deed registered ist Feb. 1736), by 
whose descendants, or their devisees, it is possessed to this day. 

Here the Editor thinks it time to close this lengthened narrative; and the only 
upology he can offer for the minute, perhaps trifling, details into which he has been 
insensibly led, is the character of the learned individual to whom they relate. On 
his account alone, it is probable that some of the incidents related may yet attract 
notice in the literary history of Ireland; which, though hitherto sadly neglected, will 
always prove the true source of permanent glory for the country. 


". Fitzpatrick, of Aran,” was one of the must opulent 
families of this part of Ireland; but the name is now 
extinct, or sunk in poverty. It may, however, be 
curivus to trace it a little, in consequence of its hay- 
ing been, with some probability, supposed to be a 
branch of the ancient and noble stock of Upper Ossory. 
It appears, ante, p. 109, note *, that in A. D. 1642, 
Richard Fitzpatrick was seneschal of Ibrickan, in 
the County of Clare, and receiver there for the Earl 
of Thomond; also, that Teige (Thady) Fitz-Patrick 
resided there at the time. Ibrickan lies next to 
Aran. In A.D. 1686, John Fitzpatrick, gent., re- 
sided at Loughmore, for which see ante, p. 86, note P, 
in the south island. li son Richard, in the same 
year, married Juan French, of Spiddle, fur which 
place see ante, p. 61, note *. Richard died A. D. 
1701, leaving four sons, Seander, Deuis, Peter, 
Patrick. John. the father, died A. D. 1709, at the 
house of his son-in-law, George Morris, in the west 
suburbs of Galway (where Martin Morris, Ex; 
present high sheriff, and great-great-grandson of 
that George, now resides), leaving chattels to the 
amount of £6000,and £1500 in silver and gold. which 
he kept in a cellar of his in that town. John had a 
second son, Edmond, who married Annable Martin, 
of Danan, and died about A.D. 1717, leaving a son, 


Rickard. Annable his relict: intermarricd with 


Michael O'Flaherty, the son of our author. a 
before related, p. 429. Rickard represented Gal- 
way in the Irish Parliament for several years, ani 
died A. D. 1761, without issue. Edmond Fitzpatrick, 
his nephew, sheriff of Galway, A. D. 1769 and 159°, 
left an only son, James, who died without fame 
Whether any of the name now exist the Edisor has 
not ascertained. 

In the reign of Charles IL, Sir Stephen Foz 
granted Icases of the islands of Aran to John and 
Richard Fitzpatrick, at £500 per annum ; and sfter- 
wards made them abatements in the rent, for blouses 
sustained on account of the frequent landing of the 
enemy's privateers on those islands, and committing 
depredations there. In A.D. 1713, Sir Stephan. ia 
consideration of £8200, conveyed the islamds to 
Patrick French of Monivea and Edmund Fiezpe- 
trick, of Aran, one moiety to the former, and the 
other to the latter, their heirs and assigna, for ever. 
Patrick French was trustee for Simon Digty. Lerd 
Bishop of Elphin, whose moiety was granted, br 
lease for ever, to Edimond Fitzpatrick, at £280 per 
annum. On 15th February, 1744, Rickard Fiss- 
patrick, in consideration of £2050, released bis mei- 
ety of the three islands to Robert French, in trast 
for Robert Digby of Landenstown, his beirs and 
a-ivns, for ever.— Deeds Registered. 





aw 


re op Rech} Bice 
HSE, Abe ontainn 
herr if? 


431 


I. 


““ Observations on Dr. Borlace's Reduction of Ireland, by Roderic O'Flaherty. [From 
the Author’s autograph, in the possession of the Right Honorable the Earl of 
Leitrim” |. 

“ Mr. Downing, 

“The ensuing observations on Dr. Borlace’s Reduction of Ireland you desired from 
me, I had by me this long time, but had no convenience to transmitt it till now, assur- 
ing that if I could serve you better my endevours would not be wanting for you. Iam, 

“ Y” faithfull servant, 

“ Galway, 17, Ja: 1682 “R. O'FLAHERTY’. 

“ The Reduction of Ireland, etc. 

“The title improper, where is onely a catalogue of the chiefe Governours of 
Treland. 

“In the preface to the Reader, 140,000 soules tn a few weekes dislodged by the 
authority of S' Jo: Temple’s Irish rebellion, is by many thousands further from truth, 
than the relation of 17 persons onely massacred, as appears by the streight enquiryes 
made in Cromwell’s time; and yet but few of those many thousands could be 
found to have beene really murthered. For there were not soe many thousands of 
protestants living then in all Ireland, much less in Ulster, where most of those mur- 
thers were said to have been committed. Wherefore the Black booke in Athlone, 


* A copy of these Observations is preserved in the 
MS. Library of Trinity College, Dublin, I. 1, 8, No. 
32. Borlase's ‘‘ Reduction” was published in Lon- 
don, 1675, 8vo. See Harris’s Ware, ii. 351, for 
Borlase ; and Dr. Nalson’s severe remarks on him ; 
wherein he is charged with plagiarism, “ that may 
well render him suspected not to be overstocked with 
Honesty and Justice.” The following is extracted 
from the Depvusitions A. D. 1641, in Trinity College, 
Dublin, before referred to: 

“ Francis Haselope, late of Ballyharaghane, in 
the parish of Disert, barony of Inchiquine, gent, 
saith, that about 29 Dec. last, he being in company 
at Ballyheraghane, with one Connor O’Hogan, fryer 
of the Convent of Agheise(?) and John O’Hogan his 
brother, demanded of them the reason of this sud- 
daine rising againste the English, and the forcible 


upon 


takeinge away of their goode; who, severally of 
them, answered, that it was the King’s fault in set- 
ting such meane and base governors to rule over 
them, then and there nominating Sir William [Sir 
William interlined] Parsons, now one of his Majes- 
jesties Lords Justices of the Kingdom, and Sir 
Richard [Sir Richard interlined] the Lo. Chancel- 
lor, to be men of base degree, and such as hereto- 
fore they would have to solicitt their cause from 
Cort to Cort, during the whole Tearme, for five shil- 
lings a peece ; and that Burlace ye“ other Lord [ Lord 
interlined | Justice, quoth the fryer, and the said John 
averring the same, was but a base pynnmaker, or a 
header of pynnes; all which words were spoken in 
most bitter and invective manner.” Jurat. 9 June, 
1642. 

Y See Facsimile at the beginning of this volume. 


432 


upon which S' Jo. Temple’s Rebellion was grounded, was so falsifyed in most perticu- 
lars thereof, as well by the witnesses, who were said to have thereunto deposed. as al=: 
by some of the persons then living, who in that booke were sworn to have been mur- 
thered, that it was for shame set by, as no evidence. It is also avowed the first mas-a- 
cres were committed on the Trish; and the several murthers in cold bloud committed .:: 
them did 20 times exceed what they acted. Besides the Irish nation in generall were se 
much unconcerned in those murthers, that at their humble proposalls al] murthers 
Were excepted out of the Articles of Peace, A” 1648; and since his Ma" Restauraticn. 
it was their request by their Agents, to except all murthers on both sids out of the 
Act of Indemnity. 

“In the Introduction. The darke side of the cloud was still towards the author, as 
tu the originall of the Irish and their chronicles, of which he could not participate. 
but what seemed fabulous and vaine. There is a more exact account of the chiefe 
Governours of Ireland tur above 2000 [years | befure, then that of the authors for 
this last 500 yeares. ‘The first invasion of the Scots (not Goths) a thousand yeares 
before Christ, a Scythian nation out of Spaine, is more certainely knowen, then that 
of the English into Englund 400 years after Christ, of which time are severall dif- 
ferent opinions, as also there is of K. Lucius his Christianity, whereunto ao different 
yeures are assigned, whereas the time of the Gospell’s preaching to us by the arrival 
ot 5. Patrick, is without controversy, that of Grace 432. This I say, as to the exact- 
nesse of time in answer to his taunting our chronicles. As for his virulent expressions 
ofa nation meerely Pyrates, Burbarous and inhuman, with much more of the like 
through all his booke, I passe it by for a hereditary malice. Some body perhaps will 
hit him with it after his and my death. 

* The title of our Sovereigne Lord King Charles the 2“ to the Kingdome of Ire- 
land, a» well as to the rest of his Kingdomes and dominions, we with all respect, duty, and 
allegiance, acknowledge unquestionable, but for that of the first Invadours in favour 
ofan Adulterer, the bull» of Adrian and Alexander popes, and the synod at Cassell. 
as also a nation meerely pyrats, barbarous, and inhuman, 1 refer such as desire satisfac- 
tion to Gratianus Lucius his Cambrensis Eversus, against Giraldus Cambrensis, capp. 
21, 22. 23, 24, 25, 26. Mahony was nu Jesuite, whose booke was deservedly condemned 
to fire, by order of the nationall assembly of the Irish Catholicks at Kilkenny. Of 
which booke and its author some poet then gave this censure: 


" Dignus luce liber, modo tlammis luceat ustus. 
Et scriptor libro sit comes ie sug 

Seditionis erat nam fax authorque liberque. 
Ama perire pari sic meruere rego.’ 


Ie 





433 


It is a strange paradox that such as in this, and all other their actions, continually 
professed their due allegiance to his Majesty (which the author, p. 276, interprets 
verbally), should be the onely rebells, and not those who openly professed by word and 
deed to deface all markes of sovercignty, and pluck up by the root Monarchy. 

“é Ao“ 1171, the 34 yeare after the English invasion, and the 17 of K. Henry a. (he 
landed in Ireland 17 October, vid. War. de Antiq. Hib. cap. 22, p. 112, c. 24, p. 149), 
and not A° 1172, as others mistake, for S. Thomas of Canterbury suffered 29 Dec., 
being Tuesday, as Baker and Spondanus noted A° 1170, and Christmasse after King 
Henry kept at Dublin. Sve far I observe on the Introduction. 


“Pag. 1, 1171, not 1172, ut supra; for 25 Oct. 1171 ended the 17" yeare of King Henry a. 

Pag. 2, 1177, Earle Strongbow dyed. 

P. 6, 1186, Hugh Lacy murthered. 

P. ao, Richard de Burgo, brother’s son to Hubert Earle of Kent. 

P. 37, Richard de Burgo, Earle of Ulster and Lord of Connaght, was son of Earle 
Walter, and grandchild of the above Richard, Hubert Earle of Kent’s nephew; 
and Edmond de Burgo a“ son of Richard Earle of Ulster, was progenitoure of Castle- 
conell and Brettas barons. 

Idm. John, first baron of Leitrim, was son of Rickard Saxanagh, Earle of Clann- 
rickard. I{is son Raymund last baron of Letrim. 

Idm. William Burk custos Hib. was brother’s son to Walter Earle of Ulster, and 
Cousin-german to Earle Richard; of which William descended Mayo Bourks, 

P. 40, 1318, 14 of October was Dundalk battle. 

P. 44, A® 1162, Claona (not Cleonard Synod). 

P. 45, Jo. Birmingham Earle of Louth, younger brother to Richard, baron of 

. Athenry, murthered, not by Macgoghegan, but by his owne English, as you may 
read in Camden’s Irish Annales. 

P. 48, S' William Morris. Ufford’s death, April the ro" ut p. 49. 

P. 55, Lional, Duke of Clarence dyed at Albe in Piemont. 

P. 63, Roger, Earle of March, declared heire to the crowne by K. Richard 2. in right 

of his mother, Philip, daughter of Lionell Duke of Clarence, was slaine, not by 

O’Brien, but by O’Birn of Wicklow county. His mother, Philip’s mother, 
was Elizabeth, daughter of William Earle of Ulster, son of the Lord John, son of 
Richard Earle of Ulster, de guo supra. 

. 73, Prior of Kilmainam, not Earle. 

- 75, 1422, 4 Ja. Bishop of Meath dyed. 

96, 1513, Kildare dying could not keepe Parliament, 7° Hen. 8, A° 1515. 

98, 1516, 13 Jun. after 25 Febr. 7° Hen. 8, 1534. 

IRISH ARCH. 80C. IS. 3K P. 98 


woe 


9 


434 


P. 98, 1519, S' Maurice (whose father Thomas, brother to Gerald, Earle of Kildare. 
A* 1513 deceased, was slaine in Stockfield, A° 1487) L. Justice was slaine A" 152¢. 
by O’Morra. 

P. 100, Pierce Butler, sooner Earle of Ossory, then Earle of Ormond. 

P. 102, 1528. Nugent taken by O’Conor. 

P. 104, 1234. 1° Ja. Leonard Lord Grey, Lord Deputy. 

P. 105, 153%. Febr. 3 Uncles hanged at Tiburn. 

P. 126, Connaght reduced to countyes by Perrot, A“ 1585. 

P. 127, 156%. 17 Ja. the Parliament, 11° Elizab. which should be p- 130. A° 1568 

P. 131, Dublin castle built by Henry Loundres, Archbishop of Dublin, A‘ 1213. 

P. 196,16}3, ut pag. 195. 

“ When you send this away I desire you send a copy thereof, and not this that I 
write, as also that you cut of the above Letter under my hand, that it may not 
appeare, which you can cut of without prejudicing the rest. Soe commending myselfe 
kindly to you, I conclude y™ ut supra.” 


II. 


Letter from Roderic O'Flaherty to William Molyneux, December 15, 1696, confainzng 
a Confutation of the Chinese Chronology. [From the MS. Library, Trin. Cob 
Dublin, I. 4. 17.] 

* Hon® S", 

I lately lighted on a letter of yours. I guesse it is the first that ever I received 
from you, of the 5th of May, 83, wherein you most friendly put me in mind before 
you saw any of my writtings, of the objections raised by many against the credibslity 
of our Irish antiquities, which your freedom was then most kindly and gratefally 
uccepted, as the like will alwayes be upon all occasions, for my natural inclination is, 
as one said: eupio doceri; dedoceri non erubesco. As to those scruples I think I have 
then fully satisfyed you, oncly one point, that I conceived I needed not then examin, 
untill upon examining my Lord Bishop of Worcester’s Origines Brit, I found the 
same passage objected in print, som 2 years after your letter’s date, wherein you 
have thus: ‘It is the chiefe thing, and indeed the onely thing, that gives credibility 
to the very ancient history, that the Chinois pretend to, that they can give a rational 
account of the way and method they used for the account of their time, and that they 
are not out in it, but make it their chief buisiness in all their chronicles, first to settle 
und establish that; as may be seen in Martinus a Martiniis, and other authors: to 
which purpose I feare there is requisit much more learning than any man will say the 
Irish were masters of before their Christianity, if ever after. 

Having, I say, accidentally of late hit on this passage in your letter, I thought 

it 


435 


it would not be ungratefull to you, what I writ thereof in relation to the Bishop, as 
followeth: 

“ Dr. Stillingfleet makes it a matter of hyperbolical flourish, as a pretence to very 
great antiquity, that a late Irish writter (P. W. [Peter Walsh] in his Preface to 
the Prospect of Ireland), should compare the antiquities of Ireland with those of the 
Chineses for exactness of Chronology. Indeed whatever the opinion of a privat 
writter might bein such a case, is not of that moment as to extenuat the credit of our 
Antiquaries, who never knew what the Chineses were in the furthest part of the 
world from the climat. But since the learned Doctor so highly magnifyes the accuracy 
of the Chinesian calculation of time beyond the Irish, I hold it not impertinent to 
examin it. 

‘And first of all, I find himself acknowledge a different account of the two best 
witnesses he produces to that purpose, vz. John Gonsales Mendoza and Martinius; as 
appeares, he sayes (p. xxxii. of his Preface), by comparing Gonsales Mendoza and Mar- 
tinius together, which shewes their computation of time is not so plausible as the Doc- 
tor would have us believe. I adde another different witness, M. Paulus Venetus, 300 
years precedent to Mendoza. | 

é The account that Mendoza, for certain years resident in China, gathers out of 
their own calculation and succession of kings, justly computed, extends itself . 357 
624 years beyond the gratt foud. Ffor from their first king Vitey, he 1844 
finds 2357 years to the end of the 117" king of his posterity, by name 009% 
Tzintzon; from Tzintzon, 1847 years during the reign of 142 kings, and 020° 
40 years interreign to the end of Tepy, conquered by Vzou, the Tartarian 4497 
emperour: from Vzou 93 years of his and his 8 successours reigns, till —— 
Hombu, of the ancient race of China kings, recovered the kingdom from the 
Tartars; ffrom which time himself and 11 more of his posterity reigned for 6293 
200 years to the year of Christ 1580, wherein Boneg the last of ’em reigned. 4497 
At which time Mendoza was writing, being the year of the Julian period 1796 
6293, out of which the 4 periods of this computation, amounting to 4497 624 
years substracted, there remaines 1796, the year of the Julian Period wherein 
Vitey is said to have begun his reign: 624 added thereunto makes 2420, the 
year of the Julian period, in the latter end whereof the gratt floud begun, 
by Scaliger’s account, 2293 years before the first year of our Christian com- 0624 
putation. So 624 years from the beginning of Vitey to the floud: 2293 years : mt 
from thence to Christ; and 1580 years of Christ added together, make up the ii 
same sum of 4497. But this is a manifest absurdity to us, that are enlight- 4497 
ened by the rayes of divine faith, and instructed by sacred text, whereoí the 
Chineses were ignorant; ffor there must be time allowed for the propagation of man- 

3K2 kind 





2420 








436 


kind from the breed of 3 couples after the floud: another allowance of time ts te 
Babylonian confusion, and dispersion of nations: and another to the establishme:: 
of several kingdoms; among which it is known that China was not the first monap-h; 
in the world. Neither is this absurdity excusable by a pretence, that even the Chinenes 
had a dark and fabulous time, ar well as the Greekes; as the Doctor would have, 
p. XXxii. ffor those dark and fabulous remote antiquities are so termed, inasmuch .s 
they are a confused intermixtur of poetical fubles and true history, and without azv 
continued series and connection, remote froin that part of history which begins with 
a certainty of perpetuated succession. But the Chinesian account is so particular 
and exact, in a formal series of time not interrupted, and succession of 280 kings frum 
their first Vitcy to Boneg, not so much as the interreign of 40 years unobserved, 
that there is nothing of ..... . therein wanting, but onely that ineredible specivu: 
length of time, reaching not onely beyond the foundation of established kingdoms, tat 
also beyond the restauration of mankind. Which onely point argues all that tradi- 
tion fabulous and vain: and leaves it uncertain where to fix the beginning of ther 
more unquestionable series of succession, unless we fix it on their restauration after 
the Tartarian conquest som 300 years agoe: by reason of the dissonancy between Men- 
doza and Paulus Venetus, about the verie time that the Tartars reduced them under 
their own subjection; which Mendoza alleages out of their own publick records ( trasted 
onely to persons of great reputation, as the Doctor tells us, p. xxxili.), to haue fallen 
out in the year of our Christian account, 1287. But Paulus Venetus. an eye-witness, 
living that verie time in the Tartarian emperour’s court, uscertaines it to haue been in 
the year of the same account 1268. That 1 may omitt how they both differ, in the 
names of the then conquering Tartar, and conquered Chinuesse king. 

It remaines now that we enquire into the Chinesses heir way of preserving aati- 
quities peculiar to themselves, which cannot cerie well (in the learned D® judicious opi- 
nion) be made parallel for the Scotish or Irish Antiquities. Which last are the same 
without difference, if you exempt the modern Scotish Rumunces. I have nut seen the 
Information, ehich the world hath since (as the D" sayes) in great measure received by 
Martinima; onely what I gather by the D® legend; and that is no les absurd and 
ineredible than that of Mendoza’s 4497 years. flor Martinius, Áis cery plausible account 
of the remote Antiquities of China, may well be termed a dark and tubulous time, as 
transcending the verie first ofspring of times: and his account uf the Chineses, their 
use of letters after their remote antiquities, whereby the succession of” their kings 
war delivered down to them with great fidelity, must haue begun in a time before the use 
af speaking, lor after the invention, and great benefit of letters with them, the D’ 
tells us of their great accuracy in computing time by Cyeles, saying they were eerie 
earely giren lo the finding out the best methods for calentation, and they used a cycle 

of 


shell 


437 


of 60 years, 2670 years before Christ's nativity. That was verieearly indeed, .2670 
before the sun shined on their faces in China, ffor our most exquisit chro- 1656 
nographers of Christendom in latter ages, unanimously conclud the time 4326 
of our redemption about 4000 years, a little more or les, from the creation: 4000 
but the 2670 years since their use of a 60 years’ cycle till Christ’s coming —— 
(besids as many ages before, as they had or had not the use of letters, and 326 
since the filoud to their first becoming a nation set aside without reckning), __ 
and 1656 years from the creation to the floud, added together, amount to 4714 
326 years aboue 4000. Or if you will have it more exactly cast, take 2670 2670 
out of 4714, the Julian period year concurring with the first year of our — 
common Christian account, the remainder 2044 is the year of the Julian é: 
period that preceded the floud, 376 year to begin with the Chinesian 6o —— 
years peculiar cycle, after so many ages of their remote antiquities without 2420 
the use of letters, and after the invention of them long before that rare ——T 
sexagint cycle. Thus far of the Chronological exactness of the Chineses; in com- 
parison of which the D* flouts our antiquities. 

é This I write to you, while I am waiting on the paper to discharge the task in 
order to my good Lord Bishop of Meath’s pleasure; having writ to you in answer 
of your last of Dec. the 1“, by 2 posts since; but received none from you by this 
day post. Thursday next I expect Mr. Lewin’s answer. 

é I am, Sir, . 
“ Your obliged Servant, 
“ R. O'FLARERTY.?? 
“ To WILLIAM MOLYNEUX, Esq., one of the Masters of 
his Majesties high Court of Chancery, Dublin.” 


III. 


"ir 
“ Animadversions on Dr. Chamberlain’s Subjection of the Bishops of Ireland to the Arch- 
bishop of Canterbury", gc. [From the Author’s autograph, in the possession of the 
Right Honorable the Earl of Leitrim |. 

‘‘T happ’ned cursoriely to run over D' Chamberlain’s complete work of Notitia 
Anglie ; a rare Epitome of singular antient and modern observations. Where I 
lighted on a mistake in relation to the old Irish Nation, of whom but few of late 
Writters have a right understanding, since the publishing of Giraldus Cambrensis 
Ae 1602, by Mr. Camden; being the onely Notitia Hib" they follow, tho there are 
several authentick Irish Antiquities as yet extant, more exact than elsewhere can be 

produc’d, 


x ‘The quotations here are markt with a parenthesis every where.” .4uthor's note. 


438 


produc’d, upon which a designed entire treatise against his, and such as followed his 
steps, their manifold errours and calumnies was set forth in Latin, under the title of 
Cambrensis Eversus, at St. Malos A° 1662, and having considered the Author's jadi- 
cious care and sincerity in the rest of his work, I presum it would not be ungrateful! 
to "im to be undeceived in a passage of unbyassed design, wherein he was unaware 
misled by the tradition of others, in the ensuing words out of the first part, chap. 18. 
pag. 224 of his Book. 

“Viz. The Archbishup of Canterbury anciently had Primacy as well over all Ireland. as 
England; and the Irish Bishops received consecration from him: for Ireland had no other 
Archbishop until the year 1152, and therefore in the time of the two first Norman KE. 
vt was declared that Canterbury was the Metropolitan Church of England, Scotland, and 
Ireland. 

é I omitt here to take exception of Archbishop of Canterbury, and Bishops of Ireland, 
onely mind him, that S. Augustin was never termed Archbishop by S. Gregory the 
Great, Pope of Rome, who ordeined ’im Bishop; nor Archbishop and Bishops distin- 
guished by such termes in the Western church before the 9™ Christian age, as Mabilloa 
(Mabillon de Re Diplomat. lib, a. cap. 2. n. 12.) and others observe. Such as had juris- 
diction over other Bishops in ancient times, were only called Bishops, so the first 
Primats of Canterbury and York, the first Patriarks of Jerusalem, Antioch, and 
Alexandria, and the ffuthers of the first General Councils were indifferently called 
Bishops. Nay the Pope of Rome is still called Bishop of Rome. So that Archbishop 
in latter ages, and Bishop over other Bishops in former ages differ not : and where 
such Bishops are very often in latter ages culled Archbishops, tis only to appropriate 
to them the term of what really they were, tho not in their time such a term prac- 
tised. Moreover even since the name of Archbishop is com in use, three suffragan 
Bishops can consecrate a Bishop without the presence of a Metropolitan necessarie. 

“S.Patr: tor whose birth we are more obliged to G. Britain than for the Primacy 
of Canterbury, coming on his Mission into Ireland, A® 432: next year erected the 
Bishop see of Trim in Meath: ag years after having completed his work of the Con- 
version of the Kingdom, he founded the Metropolitan See of Ardmagh in Vister. 
A’g58 (& not 4” 4485 as others have). Soon after he took a journey to Rose, 
Where without peradventure he obtained all the authority and privileges (if any 
before not granted) that were necessary for erecting the Hierarchy of church govere- 
ment in the Nation by him newly brought to the light of the Gospell, and endowed 
with eminent guifts of renown'd piety and sanctity. By vertue whereof he dedicated 
churches, called Synods, erected cathedrals, as custom then did allow. He instituted 
four Metropolitan Sees, one in each province, with superintendency of the Metro 


politan 





439 
politan of Ardmagh over the three others; as in the politick government, the Monarch 
was over the provincial KK. But it cannot be denyed, that there were no Bishops 
of Canterbury for to ordein Irish Bishops for above 8 score years after S. Patrick’s 
arrival in Ireland to S. Augustin’s mission from Rome, A® 597, and his foundation 
of Canterbury. 

“ S. Augustin’s successours, and the British, Irish, and Pictish churches were at 
great odds and debate for several centuries of years, about the time of holding Easter, 
and other ceremonies, tho’ not repugnant to the salvation of soules (Bed. Histor. 
passim), but as we now in like case differ som years by weekes from the new Grego- 
rian Easter time; the English Saxons, of S. Augustin’s conversion, holding Easter 
according to the reformed Dionysian paschal cycle of 532 years, practis’d in the 
church at their becoming christians, and the 3 other Nations together with the 
Northern English Saxons converted by Irish Scots, obstinately adhering to the old 
cycle of lxxxiv years, prescribed to them by their first Doct™ of christianity, as at their 
first conversion practised by the church. (Usser: de Brit. Eccl. Primord: pag. 925. 
Fleming, in vita S. Columbani.) During which controversy the Northern English, 
and Walsh, or British Bishops were often consecrated by Irish-Scot Bishops, and Irish- 
Scots by them, (Vard: Rumold: pag. 386. vita S. Kentigerni apud Capgravium) with- 
out dependency of Canterbury, made decrees against such as were ordein’d by Bishops 
observant of the old Paschal manner of Eastertime. (v. Bed: Histor. passim.) This 
national controversy was so vehement, that it was but by degrees the dissenting 
Nations conformed themselves at last to the canonical Roman observance. So highly 
they were concerned in this, and other ceremonial points, whereof this of Easter was 
the greatest difference (Bed. Histor. lib. 2. cap. 2.), that of three successive Irish 
Bishops of Lindisfarn in Northumb: (and Metropolitans of the North of England, 
the see of York then vacant) the last Bishop Colman, in a Synod at Whitby in the 
North riding of York, about the same controversy, A° 664, abdicated his Bishoprick 
sooner than he would swarve from the ancient rites of his predecessors, and coming to 
Ireland his native soile, founded an Abbey at Bofinn Island in the West Ocean of 
Connaght, and another at Mayo for the English Saxons com along with him (Bed. 
Tbd. lib. 3. cap. 25. & 26.) The abbey of the holy Island of Hy, (where the said three 
successive Bishops of Lindisfarn first profess’d), one of the Hebrid Isles of modern 
Scotland, chief head of all the Abbeyes of S. Columb’s order in Ireland, Scotland, and 
England, planted by S. Columb with a seminary of monks, supplyed out of Ireland 
for many ages after, was induc’d to conform, A° 716, by the procurement of 8. Egbert, 
a holy English Priest of religious austerity, among many more of his countrymen 
brought up in Ireland, where he liv’d at least 52 years till his going thither (Bed. 

Ia. 


440 


Lhd. (il. 3. c. 27. lib. 4. €. 3. lib. §. €. 10. § 23.) of whom V. Bede (Jib. 5. e. 23.) ugg 
his reducing S. Columb’s order to the reformed Paschal form, makes this remark : 
Mira divine constat fuctum dispensatione pietatis, ut quoniam gens ila, gus noverat 
scientiam diving cognitionis (meaning the Irish Nation, and especially the Relinwus 
of S. Columb’s order, by whom the most part of England recovered trom paganiem, as 
the same Bede, Usser. and Richard Broghton priest his writtings, published .A° 1652. 
doe witness), Libenter, ac sine invidia populis Anglorum eam communicare curarit 
ipsa quoque postmodum per gentem Anglorum in eis, que minus habuerat ad per- 
feetam vivendi noriam pervenirent. The same V. Bede (Bed. thd. lib. 3. cap. 25. 26.1 
recounts that in Northumberland K. Oswy (devoted to the doctrin of the Irish. as 
was his brother K. Oswald) kept Easter-Sunday som years, on the same day that h- 
Queen, brought up in Kent, celebrated Palm-Sunday, according to the Roman account 
observed by the church of Canterbury. 

“Dr. Stillingfleet (Std. Originer Brit” pag. 355) recites an old canon of the churci. 
ordeining, that if'a Province were divided into two, each of ’em was to have a Metn- 
politan, Much more requisit it was, that two distinct Kingdoms should have distinct 
Metropolitans; between which it was preposterous, that the yonger, both tor Monarchy 
and Primacy, should have pre-eminence of Jurisdiction over the older; without acquir- 
ing it by furce of arms, or Judicial sentence, neither of which appears before the 
year 1152. 

* A" 1152, on the fourth Sunday of Lent, at Kells in Meath, as our chronicles the 
same tine have exactly recorded, Cardinal Paparo, sent by Pope Eugenius iii toge 
ther with Christian O*Conarche Bishop of Lismore, Apostolick Legat of Ireland. in a 
General Synod of the Prelats of Ireland, solemnly deliver’d a Pall to each of the g 
Metropolitans of Ireland, viz. the Archbishops of Ardmagh, Dublin, Cassil, and Tuan 
Ifa Pall be necessurie for the essential function of a Metropolitan, as was after de- 
elared by Pope Innocent ii. In Pallio Puntiticals office plenitudinem, cum Archie 
piscopalis nominis appellatione conferri; and that there was no Archbishop in Ireland 
till then, you may as well say that there was no Archbishop of Canterbury these 13¢ 
vears past. since the death of Cardinal Pole, Av 1558. S' James Ware (Var. de Fre- 
wlth, Hi”) speaking of Cassi] Prelates, writes, [os omnes, licet ante usum Palliorum, 
Histories hostri Archiepise vpn »~ nomlnant : and hkewise were Mctropolitans In G. 
Britain without Palls before 5. Agustine erected the Metropolitan See of Canterbury. 
(Ques omni dignitate Archiepiscopali usos fuisse, excepto Pallio. testatur Hovedoniu 
ail an, 1100. (Cambry Evora. yp. 346. Stillinafl, Orig. Brit’ p. 339). Without Palls 
were also ancient) Metropolitans in France, and in remote places of the world from 
Rome (at pratet cr capite Quon: Detinet, 106). >. Bernard in 3. Malachy s lite hath. 

Metrupolituer 


441 


Metropoliticee sedi deerat adhuc, et defuerat ab initio Pallii usus; meaning Ardmagh, 
where he plainly grants a Metropolitan See from the first erection thereof, as well as 
the want of a Pall; and tho’ most zealous in reproving the vices of Church persons 
otherwhere, he never check’d that defect of a Pall, but rather in the same life extolls 
the dignity of that See thus: In tanta ab initio a cunctis veneratione habetur, ut non 
modo Episcopi et Sacerdotes, et qui de clero sunt, sed etiam Regum et Principum 
universitas subjecta sit Metropolitano in omni obedientia, et unus ipse omnibus pre- 
sit. But the Pall being a holy and most ancient ornament to the Metropolitan dig- 
nity, and badge of Apostolical obedience; it was out of their own proper motion that 
the Clergy of Ireland, sensible of the want of it, employed the same S. Malachy their 
Primat of Ardmagh, to suplicat for supplying thereof at Rome; who in his journey 
was prevented by death, in S. Bernard’s abbey of-Clarevall, A“ 1148. 

é This errour of no Archbishop in Ireland before 1152, with many more, was first 
broached by Giraldus Cambrensis (Girald. Cambr. Topograph. Hib” distinct. 3. cap. 17). 
And where he, in the same place, admitts Irish Bishops consecrating one another. 
Doctor Meredith Hanmer, Treasurer of Dublin Cathedral church, to rectify that as 
uncongruous, must invent that they were consecrated by the Archbishops of Canter- 
bury, and accordingly was followed by others, that cared not to examin further. 
More modest was S' Rich. Baker, and more sincere in his Chronicle of the K K. of 
England, saying (in K. Will. the ii' reign p. 35). Jn this King’s reign, althé he had 
no command tn Ireland, yet their Bishop of Dublin was sent over to Anselm, Archbishop 
of Canterbury, to be consecrated by him, and the citizens of Waterford also desiring to 
have a Bishop, procured Muredach K. of Ireland to write to Anselm to give his consent. 
This is very true, and by letters of the same time extant, authentick, yet notwith- 
standing it is strange how prone people are led to humour their own fancy in so much, 
that the compiler of the Index of the same book in the letter C. word Canterbury 
thus misrepresents them words; viz. He (meaning the Archbishop of Canterbury 
whoever) consecrated all the Bishops of Ireland. 

“ I doe not deny that in the reign of the two first Norman KK. of England, and 
K. Stephen, and in the time of S. Lanfranc, S. Anselm, Rodulph, and Theobald Arch- 
bishops of Canterbury, the Ostmans of Dublin, Limerick, and Waterford, the Reliques 
of the pagan Danes or Normans infesting Ireland, becoming Christians, being aliens to 
the Irish, and originally countrymen to the new Norman conquerours of England, 
among whom their clergymen were commonly bred, and religiously professed, made it 
their Interest, by application likely to Rome, upon those motives, and upon considera- 
tion of their late conversion, and the Pope’s subsequent authority interposing. I 
therefore conceive this was the reason, that the Irish took no distaste (that we can 

IRISH ARCH. SOC. I5- 3 L learn) 


442 


learn) of opposing, or grudging at their introducing foreign Jurisdiction, insomuch, 
that contrariwise we reade, that Irish Princes and Prelats promoted their f rein 
advancement, by their influence on the Prelats of Canterbury, and commendativn «i 
the persons elected in order to their consecration; as may appear by the letters rx- 
tant (¢n Usserti Sylloge ceterum Epistolar. 1th’) of Tordelvac O Brian K. of the Seuth- 
ern moyty of Ireland, and of his son and successour Murchertach, both styled Kinz- 
of Ireland, and of Ferdomnach Bishop of Kildare and Metropolitan of Leinster (hefcre 
Dublin was so erected A" 1152). But never a Bishop of any other See in Ireland. 
nor even of those Ostman Sees, except five of Dublin, the first Bishop of Watert-rd, 
and one of Limerick in Archbishop Theobald’s time, that ever owned consecrati-n. 
and canonical obedience to the See of Canterbury. 

“York was the Metropolitan see of Scotland till the year of Grace 1471, by which 
title if Canterbury was the Metropolitan of Scotland is beyond my sphere to dispute. 
hut was nó more Metropolitan of Ireland than as Edgar K. of England was conquercur 
of Ireland A° 964, by letters patent dictated by his secretary ; conscious to none els of his 
time: or as all the learning and sanctity of Ireland abolished by the descent of Egfrid 
K. of Northumberland’s fileet in Ireland A“ 684, as Cambden thought, de quitus 
videsis Ogygiain pag: 39 & pag: 230. Nay Wales nearer home than Ireland was not 
under the Jurisdiction of Canterbury before the year 1187, in K. Hen. n' reign, 
Baldwin being then Archbishop of Canterbury. 

Lastly, I cannot but arraign Doctor Hanmer's partial juegement and forgettull 
memory, who saw in his own dayes (A° 1604 decvas’d) Matthew Parker Dean of 
Lincoln installed Arehbishop of Canterbury, by William Barlow Prior of Bisham, 
John Seory, and Miles Coverdale; and Parker without a stich of a Pall’s cross invest- 
ing 22 Bishopps of as many cathedralls: of which number Barlow was made Bishop 
of Chichester and Scory of Heretord (Bakers Chronicle in 0. Elizabeth, A° 1559). and 
vet could not digest, that Irish Bishops in the primitive times of their sanctity, could 
eonter Episcopal orders without one of em shouldering a Pall on breast and back. 

In Dr. Chamberlain’s 8 chap: Notitie Angl* by the vast number of Scotish 
KK. and wast time of their 2090 years cuntinuance, I attribut his mistake to his 
adhering unaware to the modern Scotish stories. In the same chapter I observe his 
omission of K. James’s long line of extraction from the KK. of Ireland, of whom in 
a direct masculin line, not controverted, he sprung. Videsis Ogygiam passim, the 
Genealogy of K. Alex. ii, William Slatyr’s Pale-Albion, ete. 

* Prid. Cal. May, 1709. h: in Albis.” 


INDEX. 





INDEX. 


Page. 

A. 
BBEYS. . 973, 974 
Abbey (Cong), . - 18, 24 
Abbey of St. Francis, . 82, ib. n. 
Abhainn Tuaidhe, . . . 107; n. 


Achay, last Belgian King of Ireland, . 18 
Aghnenure,. . . . . 23, ib. n., 24 


, castle of, . 54, ib. n. 
, lands of, . ' 416, 2. 
»manorof, . . . . 54,ib. n. 


Aircin (see Arkin), se s s 178, n. 
Albeus (St.), Bishop of Imly,. . . . 79 


Alexander ui VI., Bulls of, . 161-171 
Ally, river of, 62, ib. n. 
Alms, . . - « «© 6 © « 40, ib. x. 


Ambergreese . . 94, ib. n., 95 
America, . . .- o oe ee: 44 
Anabaptists of Galway, 2 8 ew ew we 28 
Anchu. See Dovarchu. 

Ancient maps of Ireland inaccurate, 91, n. 
Ancient stone crosses, . , 114, n.; 115, a. 
Angaly, . 2. 2 - 2 © © «© © © « 93 
Anglo-Normans, . . 143, 378, 382 


Puge. 
Annals, . . . . .. ól 
Annals of the Four Masters quoted, . 63, n., 


64, n., 65, n., 78, n., 187 





of Ulster, . . 187 
Anselm, Archbishop of Canterbury, » 441 
Antrim, County of, . . . . . . . 415 


Apparitions, . 69, ib. n. 
Ara, signification of, oe eo wo se 90 
Ara Sanctorum ....... .- 79 
Ara-Coemhan, .. . . « %5,%., 87, 90 
Ara- Mhor . . . iss 76 
Aran, . 7, 69, 76, n., 80, 84, 86 
, Abbots of, . .. . . « « 80 
——, cliffs and rocks of, . .° . . 18 
——, half barony of, ... . - 6 

———, isles of, . 7, 10, 15, 37, 43, 65, ib. n. 





66. n., 68, 71, 78, m, 92 

, churches of the, . 74, n. 

75, n. 

——, lesser, . . se ew ew ,. . 609 
——, middle island of, . « eo 119, ib. n. 
——., saintsof, . . .« « « « « 8%,n. 
Archbishops’ and bishops’ palls, . 440, 442 
Archisinedrus, . se. - 114, n. 


Anglo-Norman (early) document, . 2966 | Ard.. . 2. 2 2 © © © ei, 93 

Anhin (St.), - . 54,n. | Ardberra Haven, . . . 111,ib. n., 112 

Annaghdown (see Enaghdun), 3, n. | Ardes, castle of, . 101, n, 102 
3L2 


444 


Page. 

-» 76, n., 91, 114, ib. n., 115, 

118 

Arkin, castle and manor of, . 78, ib. x., 82 
Armorica Galviensis, its literal mean- 

ing, . . 421, ib. x. 
 Arren, barony of, summary of lands i in 

the . all 

Art, king of Ireland, slain, . 43, 147 
Articles of Peace, signed by Morogh 
O'Flaherty na doe and followers, after 

the rebellion in Mayo and Connaught, 396, 


Ard Oilen, 75, 


397, 398, 399 
Athacind, 371, 371,2. 
Athdearg, church of, - 118 
Athenry, . 43, 84, ib. n., 85, ib. n., 273 


I —S, barony, its lands, . 325 
——, battle and plunder of, 265, 266, 
267, 268, 269, 270, 271, 272 





————, St. Dominick’s Order of, . . 39 
Athlone, 302, 303 

» barony of, i its lands, 318, 319 
Ath mic cinn, . 37), ib. x. 


Athy (Margaret), se ew ew ew 40 
Augustin, or Austin (St.), 83, n., 188, 438 
Augustine (St.), Order of Hermits, 40, ib. n., 
155 
(St.), Order of Hermits of, 
and endowment of the, . . , 243 
Author's various productions, 421, 422, 423, 
424, 425 
» some small treatises by him, 419, 
442 
‘‘QObservations on Dr. Bor- 
lace’s Reduction of Ireland,” from 
MS. in possession of the Right Hon. 
the Earl of Leitrim, . 431, 434 
“ Animadversions on Dr. Cham- 
berlain’s Subjection of the Bishops of 
Ireland to the Archbishop of Canter- 


bury,” 437, 442 


Page. 

Author, death of, . . . . . . . 6B 
B. 

Baile-colu, in Clare, . . . . 372, ihe 


Baker (Sir Richard), his “ Chronicles 


of the Kings of England” quoted, . 441 
Baker's Chronicle in Q. Elizabeth, Ae. 
1559, . «© © « -« se « « « 43 


Balinrobe, Fryar’s house of, oe we we GF 
Ballinaboy, . . . oe 2 © « Bile. 
Ballinahinch, half baronies of, 92, 2., 94. 2. 


barony of, . . . . 97,408 
Ballinasloe, . . . . - Si, ibs, 200 
Ballinclare, Bulla pro Vicariis de, 168, 171 


Ballintobber, barony of, its lands, 352, 3538 
Bally-Colgan, i.e. O’Colgan’s-town, 369, ib. a. 


Bally-conlachtna, . .. . .$71.ib. a. 
Ballymac-Conroy, . . . . « »« . 381 
Ballymote, Book of, quoted, . . 362, 363 
Ballynakill, . . . « « « so. DID 
Ballynakill, harbour of, . . . . . 6 
—— parish church of, .. . 116, ib.2. 
Ballyndeonagh castle, . . . 47, ib. a. 49 
Balymac-conroy, res 2 | | 
Balynchala, parish of, . . . . 45, m, 46 
Balyndown, . . - » «© « « « « 1 
Balyndown haven, . . . . .- «. . 100 
Balyndown or Balynduin parish, . 34, 108 


Balyndeonagh, . .. . eo IW 
Balynahinsy, . . - ° - « ° 106, 128 
Balynahinsyor Balynehynsye, barony of, 4, 
5, n., 6, 43, 44, 45, 52, 69, 71, 73, 92, 

ib. n., 120, 122, 311 

Balynahinsy lake, ee - 106 
Balynahinsy river, . . . ee. « » IO 
Barlow (William), Prior of Bisham, . 448 
Barna, castle off. . . . . . 59,_, 60 





———., townland of, ...... 3 
. white cliff of, 60, ib. a. 
Barr (St.}, his wooden image. . . 99.3. 


445 


Page. 

Barrett (Richard), of Ennis, a song, 
viz., ‘“* Eéghan cóir,” in Irish, 292, 293 
Barry (Robert), . . 115, n. 
Beagh,. . . 2 ee - 370 
Bealagh-na-fearbag, oe ee ew © 86 
Bealagh-na-finnis, . 92, ib. n. 
Bealagh-na-haite, - 92, ib. n. 
Bealagh-Lougha Lurgan - 92, ib. n. 
Bealagh narfearboys - 8 - 92, ib. x. 
Beasts, . . . o 8 8 9, ib. n. 


Beatheach, . 


. . 370, ib. n. 
Bede (Venerable) . 


116, n,, 439, 440 


Begara. . . oe et ey ew ef 08 
Belanambreac, river, 50, ib. n. 
Belathnabay . H1, n. 
Belathnabay river, - 119 


Belge, ancient colony of the, , é 6 « 125 
Belgians overthrown, 18, ib. 2. 
Belgmen in Ireland, reliques of the, . 78 


Bellahawnes barony, lands of, 339, 340 
Bellalahen, barony of, lands of, . . 334 
Bellamo, barony of, its lands, . 327, 328 
Bellaneslowe, castle of, . . . 31, 269 
Benedict (St.), 75, n. 
Benign (St), . . - 110, 2. 
Bennabeola, mountains of, 106, ib. n., 112 
Beola, . . - . . + e 105,12, 106, n. 


Berchann (St.), - . - «© « « IR 
Berminghams (the), ancient barons of 
Ireland, . « 973 
Bernard (S.), . 400, 401 
Bindowglass . . 107, 104, n. 
Binghame (Sir Richard), detested by the 


native Irish . . 394, n. 
Bingham (Sir George) of Castlebar, . 418 
Bingham (Sir lenar), 186, 334, 356 
Binn Aite, . E 92, n. 
Birds, . 1218 


Birmingham, Anglo-Norman family of, 85, n. 
Bishops, 437, 442 


Page. 
Black. See Blake. 
Black (Richard Cadell), . . . . . 82 
Black Booke of Athlone, . . 431, 432 
Blackford Haven, 102, ib. n., 104 
Blackrock Haven, . . . . . 118,ib.x. 
Blacksod Haven, . 119, n. 120 
Blake (Henricus), 201, 202 
(John) the humble peticon of, 192, 
193, 194, 195 
(Johan.), Major Galwy,. . 220, 222 
(Johan. oge), Inventarium bono- 
rum et debitorum et ejus Testamen- 
tum, . . 198, 199, 200, 201 
(Johannes f. Hen.), Testamentum, 205, 
206, 207, 208 
(Joh. fil. Walteri), . . 196 
——- (Marcus), Mayor of Galway, . 37 
—— (Nic.), . 210, 211, 212 
—— (Nicolas), digpensacio pro, et pro 
Sescilia uxore ejus, . 233 
(Richard), his ancestors gifts to 
the Colledge of St. Nycholas, Galway, 233, 
234, 235 
—— (Richard), and his heiress, 228, 229 
——_ (Ric.),. . 210, 211, 212 
—— (Sir Richard), . . - « « ST 
(Robert Fitz Walter), mayor of 
Galway,. .. . . . 38 
—— (Sily), . 201, 202 
——-(Thomas), .. 2 2 6 37 
(Sir Valentine), Bart., - 2 « 37 
(Valterus), dispensacio maritagii 
pro, et Juliano Lynch, . . . 216,217 
(Walter), Bishop of Clonmac- 
noise, confirmation of, 224, 225 
(William fy Geffrey), arbitryment 
inter, et Joh. fy Henry Blake, . 204, 205 
(Willielm), . . . 201, 202 
Blakes of Galway, 32, 192, 211, 212, 213, 
233, 234, 235 






































446 


Page. 
Blakes of Galway, pedigree of the, trá 218 
Blake's Hill, Sa 
Blev (John), priest, . é 
Bodkin (Christopher), . . . . . . ne 
(Mr. Dominick), 
(Richard), mayoralty, time of, . 











Bofin, 44, ib. n. 73, nT! 

Isles, 115, ib. n., 116, 118, 294 
Bonbonann, . 51, 51 
Bonbonan, river, 50, ib. n. 
Bonorum, Inventarium 198, 199 


Bonowan, castle and manor of, in Irros- 


more, . . . 108, ib. n. 

, manor of, 107, ib. n. 118 
Bonowan-an-coin, river, . 120 
Book of Rights, quoted, 149, 143 
Bordering Island, - 110, ib. n. 


Borlace’s (Dr.), Reduction of Ireland, 
Author's observations on, 431, 434 
Bourke (Sir Richard), . 335, 338 
(Walter Fada), . 62, ib. x. 

(Sir William), Lord Warden of 
lreland, Sa, ib. n., 39, ib. n., 47 
Bourkes of Mayo county, 39, ib. n., 241, 242, 
386 
Bowen (Robert), of Castlecarra, Esv., 58, n. 
Boyle, abbey of, . . 379 
-, barony of, its lands, . 355, ib. x. 
Boyne, battle of the, . 262 











Branhagh (Murtagh Boy), 26 
Brannock, . GR, nr. 
Brecan (St.), . 79, n. 


Briefney, chiefs of, 144, 145, 146 


r 


I 


Brendon (St), 22, ib. n., 42, 75, n., 81,82, n., | 


104, 154, 155 





-————— (St), a well dedicated to, 33. 
—— —— _‘St.), statue of, OR, ne 
—— ‘St.:, when he died, 45, nó. 
Breny O'Roy rke, 347, 348 
Bretas, lurds of) 4s 


Page 
Brian, race of, . 126, 127 
Brian Boramy (King of ireland) his 
well, . 2. 2. 2 ew 7 . 185 
Brian Boroimhe, . . 366 
Brian, son of Eochy Moyvane, twenty- 
four sons ol, . . so. I 
Bridges, . oe ee - 41, iba. 
Bridget (St.), . . . . 2 . H3 
(St.), chapel dedicated to, Kil- 








bride,. . . a 45 

(St.), “ noble anddev out visitors” 
come to, . . 96. 2. 
Brimstone river, . . . . . 5 

Brit. Mus. Cotton. Titos B. xiii. fol. 
446, 396, 398 
Brooks,. . . . 2 6 «© «© « 99 2 
Brown (Andrew), Mayor of Galway . 8; 
Brown (Oliver), . . . . « ib. 
Bruin river, . ea .. - 3 
Brymegham’s country, . . . . 329, 330 
Bulls (Pope's) and Briefs, . . . 156, 179 
Bunowan, . . . 6. « . 2 . 83 
Bunowen, castle and manor of, 106, ib. x. 
Burgagio, . . é . . 8 
Burgo (Richard de), 32, 38, n., 51, 222, 995. 
943 

Burgo (Ricard. de), Canon. Duacensi, 
Bulla pro, . . - © © NENA 
Burgo ( Walter de), his death, . . . 3 
Burgo (Wil. de), . 201, 220, 221 
Burough, town of, 30, ib. a. 


Burk ( Edmond), put to death, 46, ib. 2., 47 


Burk (Lord John), . . . ..° . 38 
Burke (Edmond},. . . . 2 . . 20 
Burke (Rd.), the Red Karl of Ulster, 188. 

189 
Burke (Ulick),. . 342. 
Burke, Walter, sun of W illiam, . . 250 
Burke (William), « 4, 
Burk (William), Earl of Ulster, . $2 


447 


Page. 
Burkes (The) of Limerick,. . . . . 48 
Burkes of Mayo, . . - 189 
Burkes (The), battle between, and Kel- 


leys, . 2 2. 2 2 6 e © . 149 
Burren, . 245, 246 
Burren, abbey of, . . 245 


Burren, chieftains of, . . . . . . ib. 
Burren, mountains of, . . . . . . ib. 


Burreshowle, barony of, lands of, . . 333 

Burreskerra, barony of, lands of, . , 334 

Burriscarra, . . + By le 

Bush (Mr.), his work quoted, . » . « Ó? 2K. 
C. 


Caddle, see Blake. 


Caddle (Richard), - 32, 192-195 


Cahernally, . . , 271, n. 
Cailin (St), . . - « - 104 
Cailin (St.), chapel and well of, 110, ib. n. 
Caithness, . . . oo ,. 125 
Cambrensis Eversus, by Gratianus Lu. 
CtUs, a ,9, n. 
Cambrensis (Giraldus), misinformed, 80, ib. n. 
Camden,. ... . 30 


Camden's Giraldus Cambrensis, 432, 437, 441 
Canterbury (Archbishops of), subjection 

of the Irish bishops to, . 440, 442 
Caradoc (St.), Garbh, . . . . . . 84 


Cara-more, . - 106 
Carbry, barony of, its ‘ands - 341, 342 
Cargin, . ee. 2 + . 25 
Carn Ceora, . 147 


Carolan's Irish Song of “é Pearla an 


chúil oir,” remarks on, . 417 n. 
Carr, . . . +. ee 3n., 347 n. 
Carrickmacken, -,- « 40, ib. n. 
Carrigmeacan, . . 70, ib. xn. 


Carte's Life of Lord Ormonde, remarks 
on, . «6 « «© « «© «© © ia . 406, n. 
Cathal Crove-darg, . {,n., 137, 378, 379 


Page. 
Casla, . 63, ib. n. 
Casla Haven, . . ...... +. 63 
Casla, river of, . . ... cé é ibe, 
Cassinhaven, . . . , . . 64n.,65,97 


Castles (West Connaught) built, re- 
paired and rebuilt by Irish chiefs, 3, 4, n., 
106, ib. n., 387, ib. n., 408 
Castleconnel, lords of, . . . » . 48 
Castlehaven, Earlof, . .... . 96 


Cat. Stow MSS. p. 168, quoted, 139, 140 
Cathair-na-hailighi, . . 371, ib. n. 
Cathair-nam-ban, . o 8 78, n. 
Cathal (St.), church of,.. . . . 3869,n. 
Catherlagh,. . . .. . 415 


Catholics (Roman), state and remains of. 
in 1709, . . . . . 57, 2., 80, xn. 
Cathradochus (St.), . . . . . . « ib. 


Cattle, . . ...... . 15,ib n. 
Cavan, county of, . . . 125 
Cawlovyn, half barony of, . . 344 
Ceannannach (St.), . 75, n. 


Cean-droma, . . 371, ib. x. 
Ceasoir, the ‘‘the antediluvian nymph,” 147 
Chamberlain's (Dr.) ‘‘ Subjection of the 
Bishops of Ireland to the Archbishop 
of Canterbury,” animadversions on by 
our author, . . . . . . . 4387, 442 
Chancery in Ireland, a plaintin 1717 . 429 
Chappells, . 14, 186, 187 
Chappell “ (Our Blessed Lady's) in 
the middle isle of Aran” . . . , 86 
Charles II., King of England, 26, ib. n, 426, 
427, 432 
Chiefs of Connaught, ... . . 144 
Chieftains (ancient Irish), notices of, 364, etc. 
Chinese chronology, . , 434, 437 
Chronology of important events con- 
nected with early Irish history, 433, 434 
Church, King’s supremacy over the, . 37 
Churches, chapels, &c. 14, 74, ib. n. 


448 


Page. 

Church. See “ Tempull.” 
Church, Our Ladie’s, Galway, 39, 274, 
275, 276 


Church- Wardains, . 237, 238, 239, 240 
Cill-Cillbile, . 370, ib. n. 
Cistercian Order, . . . . . . 102,n. 
Clagann, deede of the, A. D. 1612, . . 258 
Clancarty, Earl of, . . . . . . . 26 
Clandonells, 300, 301 


Clane-Costellae, barony of, lands of, 


332 
Clan Fergail, townlands of, 253, 254 
Clanmorys, barony of, lands of, . 332 
Clan Murray, race of, , 136 
Clanrode, customs of, . 361 


Clan Ulein, . ei. 48 
Clans (Irish), . . 372, n., 373, ib. n., 400 
Clanrickard, . . . . se é se 00 
, indenture of ‘the lands of 
the territory of, 323, 324, 325, 326 
Clanricarde, Earl of, 26, ib. n., 34, n.; 86, 
268, 323, 325, 416, n., 417 
Clanricarde’s (Earl of), Report to the 
Lord Deputy concerning the battle of 
Athenry. 270, 271 
Clanricarde, Memoirs of the Marquis of, 
remarks on, . . 406, n. 





Clare, 9, n., 358, 362, 419 
, barony of, 21, 25,33, 126, 147, 148, 149 

, its lands, . . « 8324 

—, and settlers of, . . 148 

, castles of, . 148 





——~, castle “of . 269 





Clarence, Dutchess of, . . . . . . 47 
Clayer, 


“lezpan bay, . 118, n. 


Clerzy's Isle, . . . . ° . . 28 , 


Clifford (Coniers), State of Connaught, 
\. D. 1596, quoted, . 
Clifts (High), of Aran, &c. 


. 247 
. 65, ib. n. 


, county of, . 43, 65, ib.. n., 79, 92, 304 | 


| Colman (St. )» third Irish Bishop of Lan- 
. 231. 


Pege. 
Climate,. . . ... . « «© « Om 
Cloggin, . . . « « « ,. FIG ibe 


Cloghans, . 82, n., 68, ib. z., 114, a. 115 
Clochanhiarla, ..... .6-.. 3 
Cloghan Leo, ..... . ,H5.3. 
Clonbirn, Bulla pro, . . . . 161, 168 
Cloneen, . . se @ © © SO 
Clontarf, battle of, o 8 eww wll 360 
Cluain-ai, . . . . « « . 370, ib a 


Cluainmacnois, .. ...+.e «- @ 
first abbot off. . . . 79 





Cnoc- Tuadh, battle off. . . . . . 169 
Cod fishing sand bank, . . . . 72," 73 
Coelan (St.), . . . » « « 23, 103, 106 
Coeishaly Roe, . . ... . S22 


Coeman (St.), . 75, 2., 87, ib., 2., 80, = 
Coeman’s (St.), church, . . . . . 91 
—— burying-place, 88, ib. 2., 89, 


ib. a. 
Coemain-airne, . . . . . . . 90,91 
Coemgin (St.), . . . - + « » 68,91 


Cogan (Lord John), ..... . 548 

Colgan noticed, . 76, ., 90, ib. 2., 91, ib. a. 

115, 116 

Colle Victorie, Abbey de, Knockmoy, . 232 
Colledge of St. Nicholas, Galway, gifts 

tuthe, ... ” « » 233, 234, 296 
College (Trinity), Dublin, King James 
First's improvement of, by maintain- 
ing and educating in the English reli- 


gion and habits, . . . . . . 4202. 
——-8— lands granted 
to, ee. 417,418 


disfarn, England,. . . . . WY 
Colman's (St.), monastery, . . . L1G = 
, church, . . . . Jlé,2 

Coloony, townof, . . . . . . Si, 
Columb's (St.), order, . . . . 489,440 


. Columb-Hille, altar of... us, 





449 


Page. 


Commissioners of Woods and Forests, 49, n. 


Conall (St.), . . . 75, n. 
Conall Dearg, St. Enna, son of,. . . 79 
Conamara wedding, a song in Irish, 286, sq. 


Con Cedchathach, . ... . . 22,%. 
Coneely (Clan), 27,7. 
Coneys, family of, . 11,an. 

(Matthew), of Ardbear, . . 111, n. 





—- (Robert), Esq., of Ballynaleame, 











110, n. 

(Walter), Esq., . . 112,27. 

Cong, 7,n., 48, ib. n., 113 
,castleof, . . 2... +. 49 

, isthmus and river of, . . 7, 21, 49 
——-, monastery or abbey of, 8, n., 49 


,parishof,. . . . . .. . 49 
—-, river of, ....... . 5O 
Conmacny (ancient) family, . 110 
Conmacny-culy barony, ... . . 94 
Conmacny Dunmore, . . 94, ib. x. 





Conmacnymara, . 31, 92, 93, ib. n., 116 
Conmacny-rein, . . . . . . , 110 
Conn, race of, . 126 


Connaught in the seventeenth century, 417, 
ib. n., 418, ib. n. 
, province of, divided into 
counties,. . « e . 125, 127 
, Christian kings of, list of, 
compiled by Peter O'Connell, . 128, ag. 
——_—__—_—., ecclesiastical division of, 179, 180 
, the entire territory of, con- 








fiscated, oe ew ew . 417 
»government of, . . * ° 47 

in 1579, 303, 304 

, kings of, 142, 143 

, the king’s officers of, 139, 140 


, free princes of, . . . 142 
, lords, chieftains, gentle- 
men, &c., of, . 397 
»L. Presidentand Counsell of, 236 

IRISH ARCH. 80C. I5. 





Page. 
Connaught, western coasts of, 27, 2., 73 
, bridgesin,. . . . .. 4/1 
, state of country described, 8, 
57, ib. n. 
, geology of,. . . 184, 185 

» the whole country a scene 
of confusion and blood, . 379 
, wars and dissensions in, 48, ib. n., 
366 
and Munster, war between, 374, 
375 

, by order of King Henry III., 

seized and delivered over to Richard 
de Burgo, . . 379 

" Composition between Queen 
Elizabeth and the lords, &c., of Con- 
naught, . , 299 
. 84, R., 
309-338 
——___—___, division of, a MS. in the British 











““ composition,” 


Museum, quoted, . . . . ° . 148 
Connaught, Iar, or West, . . 37, 126 
» ancient appellations of, . 126 


, ancient divisions of, 1, n., 125, 126 
——_——_——., borders of, .... . 44 
,extentof, . . . 1, 125, 126 

, the O’Flaherties masters of 
the entire territory of, . 382 
——- people of, 15, ib. n.; 16, ib. n. 
, Mountains of, . . 13, n. 
, houses of thatched, 58, n., 59, n. 
———— agriculture in, . 58, ib.n., 59 
, patents in capite of, . . 78 

(See Eyre-Conaght.) 
cons ts ie 

Conymares. . . . . 98, n. 

Coote, Sir Charles, Knt,, Earl of Mont- 
rath and President of Connaught, 41, ib. n., 
244, 414, 426, n. 
Corcamro, barony, .. . ... . . 65 





3M 


450 


Page. 
Corcamro, infidels of, . 79, ib. n. 
Corcoga, mountains of,. . . . . 121 
Cork, county of, . 415 
Corn, . .... . 58, n., 59 
Cornish choughs, . . 67 
Corporation book (orig.); . . 35, n. 
Corrib Lough, - 18, n., 2), n. 
—————X, waters of, 28, n. 
Corrine, barony of, its lands, 343, 344 


Council book (original), Dublin Castle, 


quotations from, 294, 295 
Coverdale (Myles), . . 442 
Cowloviyn,. . . . | 847, n R. 


Cowly (Robertus), Magist. Rotul. Reg. 


Cancel. Hibern., . 232 








Crest of O'Flaherty, . 368, ib. n. 
Crocodile (Irish), . .., 19, n. 
extraordinary attack of a, 19, 

20 

Croghan, hill of, . . 141 
Cromlin river, . 62, ib. n., 63 
Crompan, creeke of, . . . 62 
Cromwell, time of, . 78, 79 
Cronan (St.), . 75, n. 
Crua island, . 1, n. 


Cruagh na Eily, . . 102, ib. n. 
Cruach-Patrick, inountain of, in Mayo, 


5], n. 

Cruachan, . . . 142 
, King of, . . 143 

Cruagh Coclann, . . 102, ib. n. 


. IH4 
. 5, th. n. 


Cruagh-ar-ni-may, 
Cruagh mhic Dara, . 


Cruana (St.) church, . 370, n. 
Cruanakeely, . 102, n. 
Culfinn river, . . 120 , 


Cumin’s (St.) well, . 53, ib. n. 
Cure, extraordinary, at St. Augustine's 

well, near Galway, A. D. 1673, —. 88, n. 
Curry (Eugene), Esq., . . 95, n. 


. 


Page. 

D. 
Dalcassians, the,. . . . . .. . 33% 
Dal-Messincorb family, . . . Bvib. a. 
Danann nation, . . . . . . 18,203! 
Danes or Normans,. ... . . . “i 
Danes of Limerick, . . . . . 9ibae 


Darcys (the) of Galway, . se. AM 
Darcy (James), mayor of Galwar, . . & 


Darcy (James Reagh), his house, . . 34 
Dathy, the last Irish pagan king: mo- 

nument of, . . . . ee . MI 

Daughters (seven), well of the, - -10,2 
Dealbhna Feadha, ancient territory of, 

52, 8. 

De Burgos (the), . . . . 149, 273, 380 


De Burgo (William Fits Adelm), 378, 379 
Dede of delyveraunce, . . . . . . 3908 
Deer (large red),. . 121, ib. =., 122, ib. an. 
Destitution amongst the Irish gentry, 437, 

ib. m., 428, ib. an. 
Develyn (James), portriffe of Galway, . 34 


Develyn’sarms, . . ... . 3a, 
Digby (John). . . . - « . . Ha. 
Dillon (Theobald), . . . . . . . 800 
Dillon's arms,. . sis... MÓ 
Dinn Seanchus, quoted, - + « - De 
Dogs, - 114, ib. a. 


Dominick's ( St. ) “abbey, or abbey of 

Tombeola, near Galway, - . . 48 
Dominick's (St.) Order, 39, 40, 105, ib. a. 
Domnach Patruig, church of,. . . . 148 
Donegall, rats of, . 263, 264, 385 
Donetmore, barony of, indenture of its 

lands, . . - . 339, 330 
, Donkillin, barony “of, its lands, - S24, 385 
' Donoman, castle of. See Dunaman. 


Dovarchu, 7. e. awater dog, . . . . 30 
Down, castle of, . Lis, 988 
Downe, county of, . . . . . « . $@S 


451 





Page. 

Downing (Robert), his description of 
Mayo quoted, -4n. 
Dowras, . 118 
, haven of, 118, ib. n., 119 
Drobhais river, . 195 
Drogheda, . 85, n. 
Dromahire,. . 346, n. 
Drowes river, . . . 125 
Duach Teangumha, . . 364, ib. n. 
Dubh-Cathair, . .... . 71 n. 


Dublin,. . . . . © ee“ 33 
and Galway, a comparison be- 














tween, from 1600 to 1650, . 421 
(old), castle built, . , 434 

, county of, . . 415 

, Ostmans of, 441, 442 

Duck Island, 109, ib. n., 110 


Duleasg, - 99, ib. n. 
Dun, town of, . . . . .-... 30 








Dun Angus, 76, ib. 2., 77, ib. n. 
, cliff of, . . 66, n. 
, fortress of, . . 71 n., 78, n. 
Dunaman, . . 377 
, castle of, . 25, ib. n., 26, n., 32 

Dun Conchobhair, 77, n. 
Dun Eden, ......-... 30 
Dun Eoghanact, . . 77,7. 


Dun Eochla, . . . . . + « + « ib. 
Dunkellin, . ee 3, n. 
, barony of, . . . . . - 30 
Dunloe, castle of, built. . . . . . ál 
Dunmore, barony of, . 94, ib. n. 
Duwaghta, river of, . . 50, ib. n. 








Earl's island, . 46, ib. n., 47 


Easdara abbey in shgee, 





. 118 
Easroe,. . . ~ 2 ew w) TYR 
, salmon leap of. - eo ew ew ew GF 


Page. 

Easter, national controversy on the time 
proper for holding, , 439 
Eastern Isle, 86, n 
Eastmeath, county of, . 415 
Echinis, . i 28, ib. n. 
Edenburow, . . . 80 


Education in fifteenth century, Galway, 215 
—— “studying beyond the Seas,” 405 
Edwardus IITI., Rex ang ~ + « « 88 
Edward (King) VI., . 232 
Eel, knife and purse, story of the, 50, 

ib. n. 
Egbert (S.), - » « - 439 
Elections, . . . ee e ew ie. é. 88 
Elizabeth ( Queen), . . 78, ib. n., 384 
——-—, or the “ugly hag,” 387 

——., her Government in 


Ireland, 895 n., 490, ib. n. 
——_—____——_——, composition between, 
and the Lords, &c., of Connaught, . 299 
, her letter in favour of 
Connor, earl of Thomond, 359, 360, 36], 
362 
Enachduin, or Enaghdun, . 154-156 
» bishop of, . . . . 155, 156 


, Bulls relating to the dio- 





cese of, . 156-179 
diocese, . 218, sq. 

— , extent of diocese of, 8, n., 33 
—_——___—__, cathedral of, . ,. 1, 6 
Enagh Coclain, . 23, 24 
Endeus (St.), . EA n., 15,n. 
, his life quoted, . 42, n. 


England, Commonwealthof,. . . . 41 
, the Irish chiefs and persons 

of rank educated there, . . 420, ib. n. 
English (the), their knowledge of Iar- 


Connaught before 1500, , 383 
English families in Connaught, . - 308 
é English taverns” of Connaught, 251, 252 


3M 2 


452 


Page. 

English and Irish (some account of the) 
at the time of the Rebellion of 1641, 406, 
ib. n., 407, ib. n. 


Engus, of Dun-Engus 86 
Engus-kele-de, . . 2 2 91 
Engus, King of Munster, : 79 


Enna (St.), patron of Aran, 23, 61, ib. n., 

79, ib. n.;, 81, 88, 97 
82 
88 
83 


, his church, 
» chappell of, 
, where buried, 
Enoregremore, alias Irrish, barony of, 
lands of, . 333, 334 
Eochie mac Lughti, his head, “as big as 
anye cauldron,” 2 . £16, n. 
Eochoill, village of, 77, n. 
Eochaidh Muighmheadhoin, . . 364 
Eoghan Beul, King of Connaught, 33, n.; 





185 

Eoghan, clan, . . 401 
Eóghan cóir, a song in Irish, . 292, 293 
Erla family, . . . 273 
(Philippus), filius Willielmi, . 196 
Erris, barony of, . 73, n. 
Estates, reclaiming of, . 211, 212 
Eughter, Mac William, 300, 301, 307, 
335 

Evil spirits, 69, ib. n. 


, the craft of, . 261, 262, 263 
Europe before 1100, . 372, 373 
Eyre-Conaght, lands of, indenture of 
the, aa 309, sa. 
s, the divisions of, 310, 311] 
Examination taken before Robert Clarke, 
Esq., one of the Justices of Galway, 
408, sq 
Excommunicatio contra Malefactores in 
Collegium, . 167 
Extraordinary apparitions, superstitions, 
&e., 261, 262 


Poege. 
F. 


Failmir, river of, . . eo 8 32 
Family systems, Scotland and Ireland, 372, 
$73, ib. n., 374, a. 


Famine in 1674, . . . +--+.» - & 
Fanatics,. . ee © «© «© «© « « 1B 
Fasting days, . . . . - - . I3,iha 
Fearmore, . . . . . « e « « « & 
Fearta Geige, . . . « »- - « « - 5 
Fechin (St.), 106, ib. »., 112, =., 113, 115, 
779 

, abbey dedicated to, . . . 18 


——_———, monastery founded by, 7,2, 


114, 2 
—__—__——., wells in memory of, 106, 113, 
120, 121, 2. 
Fedlim, King of Connaught, . . . . 35 
Fenagh, in the County Leitrim, . . . 110 
Feudal system,. . . . . .- . 372, 373 
Fidhnac (abbey of), . . . . . . . HW 
Finnis, . . .. ,e . . ,. . 9S,ihe 
Finntan's eminence, . . 1. 
Fiannchaom, . . oe we oe ew Bem. 
Firbolgs. See Belge. 


Firbolg chieftains, . . » 1s 
Fish (various), 11, 12, 18, 19, 26, 27, 29, 43, 
44, 49, 50, 52, 53, 59, 61, ib. n., 63, 72, n. 
73, n., 95, 97. 102, 106, 108, 118 





, 4 monster, . - - €8 
——., names of, in Irish,, . . . J3, iba 
Fishing, . . . . . « 183, 184 
Fishing colonies in Ireland, . o - » 4338. 
Fiton (Sir Edward), President in Con- 
naught, . . . ~ 2 « « 6 . 306 
Fitz Gerald (Maurice), . . 51, ib. a. 


Fitzpatricks (the) of Aran, 429, ib. n., 490, 

ib. =. 

Fitz William (Sir William), Knight, 
Lord Deputy of Ireland... . . 








453 


Page. 
Flaherty (Michael), of Parke, gent., . 429 
—- (Sir Moragh), of Ahgnenure, 60, 
ib. n. 
Flahertie (Roger) of Moycullin, our au- 
thor's grandfather, . . 387, 388 
A “brief noate” of his 
damages and lostes, caused by “ Mo- 
roghe na doe O’Flahertie’ and fol- 





lowers, 388-395 
Flanan (St.), first bishop of Killaloe, 24, 109, 
ib. n. 

»hischurch,. . . . . 112 








Flet (Roger de), Seneschal of f Connaught, 47 
Foran more, sé. . . 281 
Forbagh, river of, . 61, ib. n. 
Ford ofthe Kings, . . , « « 84 
Fordremon (Lough) in Kerry, ei. 43 


Formnamor mountains, . 8, 45 
Fortification, old, . 86, ib. n. 
Fothart, house of, . 113 
Fovar, abbey of, in Meath, . 113 


Four Masters (the), Annalists, seldom 
wrong, . . 286, ib. n. 
Fowl, . . . 95 
Foxes, hares, &c., abhorred by the fisher- 
men of Galway . 100, n., 101, n. 
Francis (St.), abbey, Galway, . . . 38 
—_____- ——, £5 be- 
queathed to the friars of by Richard 
Martin for their prayers for his soul, 418 
Franklin, . 72, n. 
French ( Anthony) Fitz-Peter, - - « 86 
(Nicolas Oge), . ~ 2 « « 244 
(Oliver Oge), Mayor,. . . . 40 
(Sir Peter), . . . . 1... 87 
French mice, . 82, ib. n. 
Fryar’s isle, 28, 114, ib. n. 
Fryer’s House of Balinrobe, , 251 
Fuathaidh, castle of, . . 384 
Fuogh, bridge of, . . . . . . . 58 




















Page. 

Fuogh, castle of, . . . ... 53 
, river of, ... .. . . 52 
Furanmor, Bulla pro 165, 166 


» Collacio Archiepiscopi super 


Rectoriam et Vicariam de, . . 217 
Furse (St.), of Perone, . 22, ib., n. 
Fursey (St.), . - 75, n. 

»hischurch, . . . . 87],n. 
Fyshe-townes, . 361, 362 
G. 


Gailleamh, . 28, n., 29, n. 
Gaillve, Dunbo na, . . .... . 30 
Gairge, river of, . . - 2 « « 46 
Gallene, barony of, lands of . 334 


Galloglas, . . . 361 
Galway, 6, 8, ib. n., 11, 97, “98, 33, ib. n., 41, 
48, 59, 60, 61, 65, 72, 84, 85, 102, 125, 208 
, next to Dublin, the most distin- 
guished place in Ireland from 1600 to 
1650, . . . 421 
, taken and plundered, . 34, n. 
, bay of, 37, 42, ib. n., 52, 53, 244, 245 
Bay, herring fishery of, . . . 63 
——— castle of, . . 31, 32 
» castle of, demolished, 25, ib. n., 31 
» county of, 36, 94, 126, 302, 413, 414 
, town of, . 27, ib. n., 30, 55, 57, n. 
— besieged by the Parliamentary 
forces in 1651, . 41,42 
, burned, . ...... =. 32 
—_——., annals of, . 81, sq. 
key (i.e. quay), . . . . .. 33 
—_—., assizes of, . ...... 87 



































——_, marshall law of, . . . 37 
, annual magistrates or portriffs of, 34 
—— sheriffs of, . . . .. .. 36 
, governours of,. . . . . . 37 

, mayor of, 35, n., 36 





454 


Page. 
Galway, (Mayor of, communication con- 








cerning the battle of Athenry, 271, 272 

., poor maydens of, 36, n. 
———, people of, 16, sn. 
, corporation of, . . . 86 
—___—., liberties of the town of, . 10, 36 


———-, St. Augustine's well, . 89, n, 90, n. 
, river of, 7, 21, 27, 28, 29, 50, 52, 



































58, 55 
, Fiver of, dried up, - 377 
,sea-point of, . . . . - « (2 
, college of, 214, 215, 222 

, an order on behalf of the col- 
ledge of, . 228, 229 
» old collegiate library, . 391 
, Dun of Galway, 31 
—- , burned, 32 
————, fishermen of, 62 
s fish, 63 
—_———, Blakes of, . 32 
, the Lynches of, 36, 2. 
—, Christmas in, . 35, 7. 
hospitality, . 35. n. 
Galvie, Vardianus, . 226, 227 
Garmna, , 64, n., 65 


Gauls (ancient), . 30 


Gill, a fisherman of Galway, curious ac- 








count of the death of, . 100, ib. n. 
Giraldus Cambrensis. See Camden. 
Glentre[s]ky, . . 46,ib. n. 
Glindalough, abbot of, . . . 88 
Gnoheg, 252, 255 

, on the East, 62 
, on the South, . . 452 
——- lands of, . 388 


, depositions concerning the an- 
cient proprietors of the lands of, 391, 





392 
Gnobegge, processus de, 174, 178 | 
Gnomore, 252, 253 


| 


——- (See Loughmore Lake), . 


Page. 
Gnomore, parishesof, . - ee. 
————, onthe North,. ... =. 
——___—., onthe West, .... . 
Gnowbeg, bulla pro parochia de, . 156. ag. 
Goban (St), . . - 2 »« « » IS 
Gobnat (St.), Virgin, chappell of, . - 91 
Golamhead, .... .. « «- @2,91 
,capeof, . . . . . 65,92 
Gormgal (St.), . . . . . 1148. 115 
Grana Weale, . ..... . 316,282,468 
Graveyard (St. Colman's), 88, ib. s-, 89, a. 
Gray (Lord Leonard), indenture of, to 
King Henry VIII., . . . . . . 33 
Great Man's Haven, . 63, ib. n., 64.ib. = 
Great Man's Bay, . . - 63, ib. a. 
Gregans, castle and barony of, . . . 366 
Gregory (St.), the Great,. . . 80,the 
Gregory's Sound, . . . . . 80,2, 84 
Gregory, the real name of St. Ceannan- 
nach,. . . . . - + Oe 
Guizot, (M. 5; his General History of 
Civilization in Europe, quoted, . . 273 


H. 


Hackets, the English families of, . . 148 
Hacket castle, . . . . 6 « © « 1@ 
Hag castle, . . 18, ib. a., 32, 185, 188 
Hag Island, castle of, . . . . . . 35 
Harbours, eo ee ee 98, an. 
87. a 
Harriss Ware, quoted, . . . . 05.3. 
Haselope (Francis), gen, —. . . 48.3. 
Hanmer (Dr. Meredith), Treasurer of 
Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin, . 461 
Hawkes (Irish), 67, ib. x., 115, ib. a, 118, 


ib. a. 
Headford, . . . eo 8 4 . 371,2. 
Hebrigge (Thomas de), - se, « « I 
Hen’s Island, - es ew ew ew ew ew ew 





455 








Page. 
Henry II1., King of England, 379, 380 
Henry VIII., King of England, 230, sy. 
361, 383 

Hermits (St. Augustin’s order of), con- 
vent of, ee ~ «6 « « « 40 
Hibernia Curiosa quoted, 57, n. 
High Island, oe . 114 
Holly wood of Artain, . 152, 153 
Holy wells, . 120 
Horse Island, . 28, ib. n. 
Horse’s-shore, . 83, ib. n., 84 
Hospital (St. Bridgit’s), . . . . . 40 
Houses, thatched, 86, n. 
Hunting, . . , 121, xn. 
Hy, abbey of, St. Columb' sorder of, . 439 
Hy-Briuin, race of, 135, 137, 363, an. 
, territories of, . 374 


Seola, description of from 














ancient MS., . 368 
Hy-Fiachrach, “ Genealogies, Tribes, 
and Customs of,” quo ted, . 246, 247 
— , territories of, . . . 374 
Hyfiaghry Aidhne, 51, ib. n. 


Hy- Maine, lords and chiefs of, . 144 


I. 


Jar-Connaught. See Connaught. 
Imaire-an Linain, . 49, ib.n., 5] 
Imaireboy,. . . . . .... . T8 
Imany, lands in, . 318, 319, 320, 321 
Imay, . 112, ib. n., 114, 115, 279 
Inchagoill, . , 24, ib. n. 
Indentures of composition, 1585, for the 
territory of Iar-Connaught, . 309, 310 
Indenture of composition, “ Many O’Kel- 
le’s country,” . 318 


O’ Madden's 





country, . 
Inis an Ghoill, . 


Page. 
Inis an Ghoill, how it derives its name, . 24 
»its chappells, . . . . 24 


Inis-ark, . 115, ib. n., 116, 118 
Iniscreawa, island of, . 25, ib. n. 
Inis-flanann, , 24, ib. n. 
Inisgerraun, . 28, ib. n. 
Inisglory, . 81, ib. x. 
Inisgluaire, . . . . .. =. ~~. ~~. ib. 
Inis-hiarthuir, ~ 115 
Inisleth-dhuine, . 108 


. 64,ib. x. 
- 104, 105, 108 


Inismacaw church, 
Inisnee island, 


Inisoirthir, . . 86, ib. n. 
Inistuirk, island of. . , 112, ib. n. 
Inis ui chuinn, 22, 2. 
Innescartts, island of, . 361 


Innocent (Pope) VIII., Bull of, 156, 157— 


160 
Insequin, 22, ib. n. 
Insicreawa (Macamh), ee ie ie is. 25 
Insimictrir, . . ..... .. 2 


Inveran,. . .. . . 62, ib. n. 
,castleof, . . ... . . 62 








Inverglassan, river, . 97, ib. n. 

Invermore, . . . 97, n. 
Joas, or Joyce, Welsh faraily of (see 

Juyce), . . so oe ew we 45 

Ireland, Lord Deputy of, . 26, 42 

had no archbishop till 1152, . 438 

Irish Annals quoted, 28, 29 





Archeological Society, publication 
of for 1844, noticed, 246, 247 
Catholics, national assembly of at 
Kilkenny, - - 432 
— chieftains, . . 395, an. 
s description of the esta- 
blishment and dependencies of, 369-372 
descent (ancient), . . 127 











321, 322, 323 | — — history in the twelfth century, 374, 
. 24, ib. n., 186, 187 | 


375-378 


456 


Page. | 
Irish history in the thirteenth century, 
378-382 
— Privy Council (books of the), dur- 
ing the Protectorate, quotations from, 413, 
44 
— and Scotch clans, . 372, n., 373, ib. n. 
—— (Wild) of Connaught, . 57," 
Iron mines, : 13, a. 
Irrish, alias Bavgremore barony of, 





lands of, . 333, 334 | 
Irros, see 96 
Irrossinbagh, - + 71, 97, 101, 102 
Irrosbeg haven, . 
hill, 
Irros Downan, 


» sea of, 
Irrosflannan, . . . 
Irrosflannan Point, . 
Italy, 





3. 


King of England, 79, 236, 240, 
941, 420, n. 

Jewells of the church of St. Nicholas, 
curious mortgage of, . + 230 


James I., 


Jocelinus Vita S. Patricii quoted, 15 
Journal, (Dublin Penny), A. D. 1633, a 
mistake corrected, . +e. 490,5n. 


Joyes (Domini Gregorii), Genealogia, 248, 249 
Joyce countrey, 44, ib. n., 52, 94, 119, 120, . 

246, 247 
Joyces (the) account of, + 16, n., 247 
— their first settlement in Iar- 





. 3892 | 





Connaught, . 
Joyce (Edward Grana), of Kilbride, gent os 
45, ní 
(Margaret), Fitz-John, 40, 


Joyseorum familia, Pera et per- 
vetusta, . . 248, 249 | 


Judge (of assizes) fined, . . 
Julius (Pope) I1., Bulls of, . . 





Jurisdiction of the Archbishop of Can- 
sa 


terbury in Ireland, . . . . 
Jury (Galway), 2 6 2. ee 
Jordan Island, . ee 


Keanngualainn, . . . . « 

Kells, church of, in Meath, . 

Kenuanack (St.), (see Coannanach), 

his chappell, + 86, 118,119, 


ihe 
Kenerg (St), . . ee so 8G ibe 





Kenlagh, eccles. de, . . . . . . 2288 
Kennlemy, ... ~~... . « MM 
Keara, . . . et oo 
—— barony of, ce Óg 
— (Lough ..... - Ae 
Kerra, barony of, Inds of +. 45 886 
Kerry, . . +e + + 48,81 
Kerry, coumtyof. s,s 
Kerryhead, Capeof,. . . . . . . @8 
Kern (St) of Glendlongh, - 2 he 
Kieran (St), - 2... 2. TB, 
————ehapetot i, tee 
,churchof, . . . .. 9 
.——hishil,. . . . Te 
Kilanhin, parish of, . . - 54,ib. as 61 


Kilbannon, burned by the English, . . $77 








Kilbride, . . 2... . thm 46 
Kilcahil, .- - £30, me 
Joumin, parish church of, .. Sie 
Kildare, countyof, . . . .. . AIS 
.Earlof, . . . . 149,150,151 
Kilkenny, council of war beld at, 413, 414, 
as 

| Kilkilvery,. 5. 6 6. os TO i A 


Killrg,. 2 6 2 ee Oe 


457 


Page. 
Killary, Little, . . » . Nn 
Killeahill, burned by thé English, “i 377 
Kill-Choembain,. . . . 6. 75,m 
Kilconnell, barony of, . . . . . . 319 
Kilcoona, . . is + 370, ib. n. 
Kill- Enda, church of, we ee T&N 
Killetaraghe, barony of, its lands, . . 324 
Kill-Gradh-an-Domhain, . . . . 75,m 
lin, , , wee ee ee ibe n. 
— lands of, ee ee we 64d. me 
Killmayn barony, . ss ss ws 98 
Kill na Callan, . . . . . .370, ib. n. 
Kill-na-manach, 6... + T&N 
church, . . ~~ . 84 
Killoony, castle of, built, . . . . . 31 
Killower, . . . . . 370, ib.n., 371, n. 
Killursa, . . . 1 1. is 371, ib. n. 
Kilmain, . . eee 2 Bn, 379 
Kilmaine, burned by the English, . . 377 
Kilmayn, barony of,. . . . < 17, 18,21 
Kilmean, barony of, lands of,. . . . 333 
Kilnamanagh,. . . . . . . a 370, 3. 
Kilt, or philabeg, of the Highlanders f 
Scotland, . 2... 407, n 
Kings of Connaught, . . . . . . 144 
— palace or ancient 
residence of, . « eee ee WA 
inauguration of, 139, ag. 
—, stipends paid to 
the chief Lords by, . . . . .139, ag. 
(Christian) of Connaught, — 128, ag. 
King's supremacy, oe. 998 
King's Bench, Court of, Dublin. Trial 
of Robert Martin in 1735, . . 295, 296 
King’s County, . . 2. 6... 415 
King’s (the) sword,. . . 2... 36 
Kirke castle, : 6 6 1 1 6 6 33 
isle. . ++» 24, ib. n., 25 
island, castle of, demolished, .. 95 
Kirvan (Richard), . . 2. sisi, 94 
























Page. 
Kirwan (Bishop) we Ae 
Knock,. ce 2 6 6 6 2 ee + + 108 
Knocktow, battle of, . . + 149-154 
Knocktuaskert, . . . . oe eM 
Koelshaly Roe, . . . . . 44,ib.n., 45 
Koylagh, . . 2... 4. 61 
Kulmaile, castle of, built, . . . . . 31 
Kylcomyn,. . . - ee ee is 931 
Kylleommyn, eeclesia de, see ii, 992 
Kollruyn, eeclesiade, . . éis ib 
Kyltullaghmore, eastell of, . . . . 9H 
Kynmara, Bulla pro Vicariis de, . 68-171 


L. 


Lackagh, townland of,. . . . 369,ib.n. 
Lacy (Hugh de), . . . . . 36,51, 52 
— (William do, 2.1... 36 
Laidir (Edmond), . . . . . . H8,a. 
Lakes, . 1 1 1 ee ee ee 99,n. 
(ancient) of Ireland, . . . . 43 
Lammas-day,. . 6 + BAT 
Land, sums paid by landholders for ma- 

nuringof, . . . . . . «807, 308 

Lands, seizure of, . . . . . 192,89. 
—-—divisionof, . . . . . . 908 
Landlords (tyrannic) of Connaught, 57, n. 
Lanfrane(S.), s+ 6 ee Al 
Lanigan (Dr.) noticed, . , , . 76,n. 
Latocnaye (Mons’.), . . . . . Qin 
Lawroill, . + + 64m, 65 
Lawsuit in Ire nd in 1717, ce is 499 
Leaba Phadruig,. . . . . 4 . H7,n. 
Leabhar na g-ceart quoted, . . 142, 443 
LeacLeo,. 2... 1. .) H5,n. 
Leac Sinach, . . 2 2. 1 1 6. 102 
Leaght Fathacan river, . . . . . 120 
Leamhehoill, . . . +. 84, ibn 
Ledwich’s Antig. quoted, 13,m, 80, n., 81, 2. 
Leeches - ee ss 18,ib. a. 











IRISH ARCH. 80C. 15. 3N 


458 


Page. 
Leenane, ridge of, + 49, ib. a. 
Lhuyd (Edward) author of Archaologia 

Britannica, remarks on, . . . 427, ib. . 
Leinster, cis te 88 
"English forces of, s,s 52 
—, (king of), seven daughters 











fy. ee ie ie ee M 
Leitrim, barony of, its lands, 325, 326, 340, ,, 
348, 2. 

boundaries of, . . 347, n., 348, a. 


county of, . . . . . 94,413 
Earl of, copies from MSS. in 
his possession, . . . 431-434, 437-442 
Leland (Dr. Thomas), late librarian in 
Trin. Coll. Library, Dub, . . . 185 
Lemonfield, lands of, . . . . . 416,n. 
Leo(St); ii ee HT 
Lestrange (Sir Thomas), . . «289, 240 
Letter Melan,. . . . . . . 64,9465 
eastle,. . 2. 6. 05 
Lienot Nicholas), . . - . +. . 47 
Lienots the), or Lynotts . . . - 
Limenueh, or Darerea, sister of St. Pa- 
trick,. 6 6 eo ee ee ees 187 
Limerick, 
———bayof, we 8 














 Ostmans of,. . . . 431, 442 
Linan Kinmara, river, . . . 50, ib. m., 51 
Linch. See Lynch. 
Lismore, Book of, . . . . 95,0,96.n. 
Lizards, Lee . 363, a. 
Loch bo finne, . . . - ii Hm 
Loch-Sealga, . - - ee, Mo 
Lodge's Peerage of Ireland, remark on, 241 
Loghmesg. See Mask (Lough). 





Lombard, Le regno Hibernia, 
Lonan (Lough). . . . - 


county of, . - «93,415 
Lough-fordremyn, in Kerry, é cis 43 





ibn ' 





2 465. 











‘ Loch Stephen) Fitz-Domenick Dun. 
Longforde, barony of, its lands, . . . 322° 


Page. 
Lough-Hacke, 2 2. 6 2 1. . MA 
Loughmore Lake, - . ee. . Sa 
Lough-na-fohy Lake, . . . . + - @ 
‘Lough-na-keanainné, Poole of, . 84,ih0 
Lough-reagh,. . 2... 2s + 38 


Loughreaghe, barony, lands of, . 333, = 
Lucius (Gratianus), or Dr. Join Lynch, 
author of Cambrensis Eversus, notices 
of, . . «+ « « 420, ib. m, 42), MR 

—————_ his Cambrensis Ever- 
ms, se ee es 308, m, 433, 438 

—_——__—_ his Vita Kiroveni 
quoted, . 2... ee ee 1m 

Lugnaedon, son of Limenueh, . . . 187 

Lugo, - eee ee ee i HS 

Lurgan (Lough), . 43, ib. ns 92, 344, 245 

Lynches of Galway,. . . . . . - 38 

Lynch (Alexander), conductor of the 
famous Galway school in 1608, 420, ib. =. 

(Andrew), . - « . 

(Dominick Duffe) Fits-Joba, 
Mayor of Galway, - 2 2... AS 

—— (Edmond), Fits-Thomas, -. a 

(Sir Henry), Bart. . . . 3m 

(Dr. John), author of Cambren- 

sin Eversus. See Lucius (Gratienus). 

(John), Fitz-Richard, Mayor of 

Galway, .. ee FT 

Gualiana), Dispemsatio Maritagis 
pro Valtero Blakeet. . . . 216,217 

—— (Nicolas), of Barney, in Galway, 260 

- = (Pierce) Fitz John Boy, . . . 935 

(Richard) Fitz-James, . . . 

Lynche (Sandar.), et Anastacia ejes 
uxor, Lettrs of Confraternity from the 
Friars Minors for,. ce 























Mayor of Galway,. - 2 2. 
- -—(Thomas) Fitz-Ambrose, . . 
—— (Thomas) Fitz-Stephen,. . . 


459 


Page. 
Lynotts (the), - + 47, ibn. 
Lyonell, Duke of Clarence, ei . 88 


Lyssegowle, . 347, n. 
M. 

Maree, . . . . 492, n. 

Mabillon de Re Diplomaticé, . . 438 

Mac Alloid (Orbsen), . 20, 55 


Mr: Anathmore [Uathmore] (Engus), 78, ib. x. 
Mac an I[arlas, sons of the Earl of Clan- 
ricarde, 
Mac Aodha (Malachias), Archbishop of 
Tuam, . oe . 5, 6, n., 47 
M* Brian (Dermott), of Tullykean, . 393 
Mac-con (Lugad) ee. . 48 
Mac Conrys (the), ‘ 281, 282 
Mac Costilo's country, its lands, . 339, 340 
Mac Cuilenain (Cormac), his ‘« Glossary” 
quoted, . . : 20, n. 
Mac Cullagh (James), Esq., F. T.C.D., 8, n. 
Mac Dara (St.), 97; n., 98, ib. n., 100, ib. n., 


. 387 


101, ib. n. 
———— church of, 98, x. 
—___—__—-, statue of, . 98, ib. n., 99, ib. n. 
—___— island,. - 102 
Mac Davy (Hubert Burke), Knt., . 329 


Mac Davy's country, indenture of its 


lands, . . 327, 328, 329 
M* Dermod (Bryen), 356, 357 
Mac Dermott's country, its lands, 352-358 


M° Donell (Morertagh) of the Spiddle, 393, 


394 
M* Donkyth (Mayst Manes) ys dede, . 205 
Mac Duach (St.), church of, . . 75, Me 
M* Enry (Bryan), last will and testa- 
ment of,. . 2. . « ie « « « 282 
Mac Feorais,. . . - - 85,n. 
Mac Firbis ( Duald) of Lecane, 362, 363, 421, 
422 


Page. 
Mac Geoghegans, the ancient Irish fa- 
mily of, . 109, n., 276, 277, 278 
Mac Geoghegan, his translation of the 
Annals of Clonmacnoise, quoted, 398, n., 
416, n. 
M* Ghoill (William), fisherman, . . 50 
M' Gilleduff Shoyogh [or Joyce] ( Mo- 
rogh) of Sean Ballyard, . . 393 
Mac Huathmor (Connor), ... . 86 
Mac Hugh. See Mac Aodha. 


Mackensie’s chart, remarks on, . 68, n. 
Mac Lir (Manannan), . 20, n., 21, n., 55, 
111, 263, n. 


Mac Longaus (St.), . é T4 5n. 
Mac Murroughe ( Dermott) of Bally. 
mulgromie,. . . o + 6 6 é 392 
Mac Sweeny (Michael), ; , 112, n. 
Mac Sweeny's song of the Púca, or gob- 


lin Gn Irish), . . «© 4 « 283, sq. 
M° Teige (Owen), of Clonduff, . . 393 
Mac Williams (the), . .300, 301,307, 338 
Mac William, of Clanrickard, . 149 


Magherylayny, barony of, its lands, 342, 





343 
Magh Macruimhe, famous battle of, 43, 
ib. n., 147 
Magh Seola, 2 , 126 
plains of, . . - 147 
Mainistir Connachtach, . . 74, n. 
Malachy (S. á se ©  s. 400, 401 
Mam, . see 6 é é, 190,3b. n. 
Main-eich, ee s s s., 120 
Mam-en,. . . . « . . « © 190, 121 
Mam-tuirk,. . . so; ib. 
Manannan. See Mac Lir. 
Manin Bay, .. . « « LIL, ib. n. 
Manure, cow-dung nsed asa, 67, ib. n., 68, 
ib. x. 


Marescallus (Wellielmus) . . . . . 33 
Marshalls of Galway, . . . . . « ib. 


3N2 


400 


Page. 
Marriage Dispensacion for Juliana and 
Walter Blake, . 216, 217 
for Nicholas and 





Sescilia Blake, . . . . «© «© « i, 233 
Martin (Oliver), . 38 
(Patrick), 36 





(Richard), Esq., a learned Irish 
antiguary, , é. « é 429 
(Richard), a “rank Papa lands 

granted to, 2 
(Richard), . 
(Robert), . . ui 
, Mayor of Galway, 37 
, trial of, . 295, 296 
(William), mayoralty time of, 36 
Martin's Western Islands, quoted, 12, n., 
372, n., 373, n. 
Mary (St.), church of, . . 74, n. 
Mask (Lough), or Measg, 7, ib. n., 17, 2., 








. 418 
e 416 
. 118, 2. 








——a ee 








33, 45, 44, n., 46, 47, 48, 49, 185 . 





—_——_, its connexion with Lough 
Corrib, . . . 2. 6 6 18, 7. 
. length of, - VY 
» Castle, 17, ib. n., 18, ib. n., 47 
Mason-head, . . . 97, ib. n. 99 
Mathias (St.), chapel of, . 104 
Mayo, . 11, 125 
——, boundaries of, 
-— —, County of, 17, 43, 44, ib. n., 94, 300, 
301, 302, 413 
—--- —________, indenture of the lands 


ee — 














331, n., 332, n. . 


ofthe, uii. ; 351, so. 

, Theobald, first. Viscount, . 269, 270 , 
Mayors, . 34,36 — 
Meary, . - 231 
Maculyn, Bulla pro Ecclesia de, ~ 163-165 


Meldan (St.), . . 22, ib. n. 
Mendoza (John Gonsales), remarks on 

his “China,” e . 435, 436 
Meray, Bulla pro, 165, 166 


Page. 

Merchant ship plundered in Conmaicne. 
mara, in lar-Connaught, . . 381i, 
Mevay, Vicariade, . . . . . 217,218 
Michael (St.), Archangel,. - . . . 53 
Michaelmas Day, . ... ..-. SM 
Miles in Connaught, long . 6, 2., 21. a- 
Minna, ... . s s « « tw ORR 
Ming, . ee » «© © « « « , 62, tbe. 
Misdemeanors, . . . eo 2 « 1& sm. 
Moculyn, resignatio vicarie de, - 219, 220 
Moerras, . . s « « 63, ib. a. 

Molyneux ( Mr.), his Journey to Con- 
naught, quoted, . . . . © « 57,® 

( William), a letter to, concern- 

ing Chinese Chronology, from our an- 
thor,. . . . « « « «© »« 4864-437 
Money, Irish,. . . . . « « 307,308 
Monopoly in Ireland, . . . . 240, 941 
Morey, . . oe © « . 133 

Morgadg of the Iuelles of St. Nicolas 
Chyrche, Galway, . . . 2. « . 380 
Morice (Johanne), . . . ..-e«,.. 88 
Morogh na Mart, . . . .,. . SS m 
Mothar Dun, . . . se 0 8 Ob, 
Mothcullen, decanatus de, - © « 179. 180 
Mountains, . . . s - - Ba 
Mountain lands in County Galway, - . 419 
Moycarnane, barony ' of, lands in the, . 319 
Moyclea, 2 e 65, ib. a. 
Moyeullin, . . . . . 55, 82, 191, 231 
. barony of, 4, 5, n., 6, 21, 94, 30, 
43, 42, 52, n., 55, 65, 94, 97, 353, 497 

——-——- barony of, summary of the 











quarters of land it contains, . 310, 311 
— , castle of, ~ « « « SS, ib, nm 
— -..—-. manor of, i ib, 


| parish of (see Muchulin), 54, ib. Mey 
35, 61 

Movle, . uas o - - 346, 8. 

Moylurge, barony of. See Boyle, barony of. 





Page. 
Moylurge, country of, lands of, 352-358 
Moyne, barony of, lands of, . 334 
Moynterolyshe-eghtraghe, . . 349 








oghteragh, ... . . . ib. 





Moyras, . . + . 6 « « . 102 
—— church of, . . . . .101,ib.2. 

, parish of, . . . . . 97,2, 104 
Moy Seola, . 2 . 147 
Moytura, plain of, . . . . 7, n., 18 
Moyvoela, castle of, . ., . 147 
Muchulin, Bulla pro, 159-161 
Muckinish, island of, 245, 246 
Muighmhedloin (Pochaidh)s . « . 126 


Muinter-Eolais, . . . os + « 6 94 
Muintir-Fahy, . . . 372, ib. n. 
Muintir Murchada, of Moy Seola, tribe 








of, .. . « © « 126, 362, sg. 
, territories of, . . 368 

-———, Prince of, falls in the 
battle of Clontarf, . 366, 367 


Muleonry,. . . . . «+. +6 « . 139 

Munster, . . +. . +6 « « « « « 73 
(English forces of), . . . 52 

Murchadha (Muintir). See Muinter. 


Muredach, King of Ireland, . 441 
Murloghmore,. .... . . 102, ib. n. 
Murris (see Moerras), . 63, n. 
Muryske, barany of, lands of,. . . . 333 


N. 
Nagnate, . . . - «6 « » « + 126 
“ Nation,” its signification in ancient 
Irish histories,. . . . 382, ib. x. 


Nehemias (St.), . 75,7 
Nicholson (Bishop), quoted, - « 423 
Nicolas (Sir), Lord of Howth, 150, 151 


(St.), Bishope of Myra, in Licia, 35 
215, 216, 
235, 236 











461 


Page. 
Nicolas (St.), his churche, Galway, In- 
quisition of the duties and rights of, 236, sq. 
Nicolas, (Sanct) Chyrche, Galway, iuelles 
of, . . «© © © © © © « « « « 280 
(St.), Church, Galway, “ repa- 
racon” of, ... sé 6 « 237-240 
Nicolas’ (St.), Church in Galway, col- 
ledge of, . . . 34, ib. n., 36 
Nimmo (Mr.), his Report quoted, 8, n., 9, n. 
Nolan (Father Daniel),. . . . . . 40 
Nolan (Thomas), of Ballinrobe, 251, 252 





0. 


O'sand Mac's,. . se é 600, n. 
Oak, Irish bog, . . .....-. 18 


O’Brasil,. . . . . . 73 
; enchanted island of, 08, ib. n., 70, 
ib. n. 


» Book of, described, . 71, n. 

O'Brien (Conor), third Earl of Tho- 
mond, . 2 ee ie. é 384 
-( Mahon), ‘lain, ° . . 65, n. 
CTordelvac), King of the south- 
ern moyty of Ireland, . 2 . 442 
(Tordelyac), Lord of Tuomond, 31, 
48 














(Torlogh), King of Munster, 
and the Dalcassians, war between, 374, 375 
O’Cadhla, or O’Kealy, (Dr. Malach.), 
R.C. Prelate in the see of Tuam,. 74,2 
——- (Murtagh), slain at the battle 
of Clontarf, . . « 366, 367 
O’ Canavan (Dr. ) physician to 0 Fla- 
herty, uii. . 369, ib. n, 
Ochoill,. . . . 84 
O’Clery ( ‘Cucoigeriche), . one sof the Four 


Masters, . 144, 362 
O'Coney, or Coneys, family of, . 11, 2x. 
——- (Thomas), . . , 11, n. 


462 


Page. 
O’Connachtan, . . 189 
O'Connell, Peter, . . 128 
O'Connor Dune (Hugh), . 356 


— ——— Dune's country, its lands, 352-358 
—- (Ffalym), King of Connaught, 267 
——_——- (Fedlim),, . .. . - 32 
—- (Fedlym), . . - 51,x., 52 
——_——— (Qdo), King of Connaught, 25, 32 
—— —— (Roderick), daughter of, . 36 
— Roe’s country, its lands, 352-358 
O'Conor, race of, 136, 187, 138, 139, 344, 
346 

— ancient family of, . 134, 135, 141 
O'Conor's high stewardship, . . 140 
O'Conor, (Ven. Dr. Charles), 125, 126, 128 
134, 135, 189, 140, x. 
187, 367 








——-— (Hugh), 
——_—— (Major Owen), . . 137 
——— -- — (Roderick), ie Tm 
—.—- - -___-— ——_., King of Connaught, 7, 
267, 268 
, succeeds his father, 
Torlogh O'Conor, as King of Con- 
naught, oo . 376 
———- (Torlogh), King of Connaught, 
his maritime expedition, . 375, 376 
, his death, 376 
O’Dalys, the bardic family of the, , 246 
Odo, King of Connaught, . 32 | 
O’Donnells (The), and O'Conors, . 844 
O'Donnell (Hugh Ruadh, or the Red), 
chieftain of Tirconnell, extract from 
the Life of, E ia 
——- (Right Rev. Dr. ), R.C. Pishop 
of Galway, . . » . 215 
, abbot of a ‘Cistercian monas- 





————_ se RE — 











Page. 
O'Dowran (Connor Conny) {Duane}, of 


Bonoen, . . + « « «= © « . - 399 
O’Duanes (the), . . . - - - Wa. 
O'Dubhain,. . .... . -Sei,tha 


O'Dugan (Shane Mor), . ~ 2 © - - 58 
O’Ferrall (Roger), his Book of Irish 
Pedigrees, quoted, . 6,2, 39, ns 130, 
243 
his Linea Antigua, . 302 
O’Finaghty, old Irish sept of,. . . M2 
O'Flahertie or O'Flaherty, family ar- 
morial bearings off . . . . - . 38 
O’Flaherties of Iar-Connaught, ancient 
tribe of, their pedigrees, 16, 2., 45, ib. 2, 
362.308 
, (chiefs subordinate to the), 
their possessions, and several duties 
of officers in their establishments, 
368, af. 
——, valuable information re- 
specting the, . . . . - - SS, a 
——, country of the, indenture 

















concerning the,. . . . . 339, 310, a. 
(Bryan), of Lemonfield, 416, s., 
417 


———— (Conor), . ..... | 

——- (Donal an chogaidh) [of the 

_ mara). of Bonowan, .. . . 400,608 

(Donalduin), . . . 2236 297 

——— (Donald Crone),. . 490, ib. s- 
- .-— (Donnell an chogaidh), 108, 0 








| —_—-.-— (Donnell Fita-Rorg Og), . 68 





tery, strange adventure of, 102, n., 103, n., ' 


104, n. 


O'Donovan (John), Esq., M.I.A.S., 44, 2., 


97, n., 101, n., 113, n., 154 | 


269, 270 | ——-.—-~— (Colonel Edmund), his exa- 


mination, trial, and execution for the 

murder of Peter Ward, Esq"*, gent. 

of Tromragh, County Clare, . . 40%, a. 
O'Flaherty (Colonel Edmund), called 

Emuin nlaidir, or “ strong Ned,” some 

narratives of his prowess and achieve- 

ments, . .. - . « « « 415, 416 


463 


Page. 

O'Flaherty (Colonel Edmund), Emuinn 
laidir, his death, - 417 
(Finnola),. . . . 62, ib. 2. 
——__-—_— (Hugh); . 25, ib. n., 32, 50, n. 

— , King of Connaught, 
hisdeath, . . oe e 317 
—— (Sir John), of ‘Lemonfeeld, 417, 
ib. n. 

————-— (John T.), Esq., his History 
of the Islands of Arran noticed, . 263 

(Morogh na doe), his an- 

swer concerning damages done by him 
to Roger Fflahertie of Moycullin, 388, 389 

———— ——_—, raises the 

standard of rebellion against the 
Queen, . . «© « « « - 395 

——— repents 

of his rashness and craves pardon: he 

surrenders all his titles, possessions, 
&e. 


























s obtains 

pardon, and all his possessions, titles, 

&c., granted to him, . ~ « 395 

I , fines im- 
posed upon him for retaining four 
merchants in his service, . . . 394,n. 

————-umnhiscoun- 
try burned by Sir Richard Bing- 
hame, 








394 
III——.;, “his death 


and last will, . 399, 400 
(Sir Morogh na d-tuadh), 











descendantsof,. . . ‘ . 417 
— (Moroghna d-tuadh), his ex- 
peditions, . . , 384, so. 471 
, his par- 





don from Queen Elizabeth for all mur- 
ders, homicides, &c. . 385, 386 
O'Flaherty (Morogh na maor), 108, 402, 


. 395. 


Page. 
O'Flaherty (Emuin Mac Moroghe na 
maor), oe © ew ew ew hw lf 406 
(Morogh na maor), descend- 
antsof, . . . - 415, 416 
(Morogh na maor) [serjeant 
or steward], abstract from his last will, 404, 
405 
—— (Morogh na marte) [of the 
beeves], or Sir Morogh of Bunowan, 83, 
ib. n., 257, ag., 404 
(Mortogh), Lord of Iar- 
Connaught, dies, o . 379 
(Odo, or Hugh.) See Hugh 
O’ Flaherty. 
(Roderick) [our author], 
notices of, (see Authar), . 419-442 
, letter on the 
Subjection of the Irish Bishops to the 
See of Canterbury, . 424, ib. n. 
——., letter to Wil- 
liam Molyneux, containing a con- 
futation of Chinese Chronology, 
434437 
—— (Rory), of Moycullen, our 
author's grandfather, . 55, n., 420 
(Teige ne Bully), of the 
Arde, County Galway, 391, 392, 400, ib. x., 
401, ib. n. 
O’Gara,. . . 429, 2. 
Ogygia Vindicated, a MS. by our author, 
published in 1775 by Dr. Charles 


oe: 




















O’Conor, . 423, ib. n., 424, 425 
O’Haingli family,. . . 370, ib. x. 
O’Hainlidhe, family of, . . 370, n. 


O'Halloran, ancient Irish family of, 54, 2., 

253, sq., 261, 389 
O'Halloran, carta Dermicii, A. D. 1694, 255 
—— (Donogh M*° Moyller), 259 





.———- (Erevan), his deede of Mul- 
ib. n., 403, ib. n., 404, ib. n. | 


laghglasse, A. D. 1645, - 259, 260 


464 


Page. 
O'Halloran (Johannis) Carta, A.D. 1594, 
256, 257 
——-—— (Morrertagh) and Teig is 
dede, the 17" Oct’, 1606, . . as? 258 
(Owen M° Dermod), of 

















Barney, . ir 893 
—_(Teige Mac ymin of 
Phayry,. + 6 + + ooo . 893! 
OHanlys (the), . 370, a. 
O'Haras (the), + 498, n., 429, n. 
Ohery, castle of, . + 54, ibe n. 
O'Heyne, . 51, n., 973 
(John), . 105, a. 
(Owen), . . ee 6 508 
Oilean Mhic Dara, . on 98, n. 
Oilen-da-branoge, . « + 68, ibn 


O'Kealy (Dr. Malachy), his description 
of the churches of Tuam, quoted, 74, n. 
—————, R.C. Bishop of 














Tuam, . . eee ee ee 93m 
O'Rellies (the), . . ‘es, n., 303, 318, ag. 
O'Eeilg's country, lands of, . . 318, ag. 
O'Lees (th), . . - . 371, n- 
O'Lee, physician to O'! Flaherty, 309, ib. n. 
Olena Cruagh, . + 104, ib. n. 
Olen-ambrahar, . . . « 14 
Olenimioll, . . 110, ib. nm 
Olen-lacan,. . 2... e 100, ib. a. | 
Olennagelereagh, sis 98 
Olennambrahar, . . 28 
O'Ley, or O'Lye (Edmond, of Moy. 

askragh,. . 71, a. 

(Morogh), curious ‘tory related 

off. «70, mg. 
01 Lon (Donatus), ahbot of Aran, . . 80 
Olither Church, Garmnia, m, 65 
Olnegmacht, . . . 126 | 
O'Loughlins, some account (of the, + 946 | 
O'Madden, castle of, » Stim 
O'Madden's country, lands of, 321, sg. | 


Pa 
O'Maclampaill, Judge of O'Flaherty, 370. 





he 
O’Mailleys (the) of Umhaill, or “ the 
Owles,” i. +. Set 
O’Mailly (Grace), of Burrishoole, . | 403 
OvMalleys(the),. 2. 6 2 Mie 
O'Malley (Owen), » iii She 
(Toole), - eis Chm 
O'Maolconar,. - ie, FB 


Omg, . ..... + os « 979, 300 
O'Mulconrg (Torna), chief poet of Coo- 
paugh, 2 6 1 - MO 
OMarey (Donagh), Archbishop of 
. . | 
O'Nioe (Murgess), Archbishop of Tuam, - 
Orbsen (Lough), 2, s., 7, 18, 20, n., 94, 35, 
27, 43, 43, 45, 48, ag. 365, 367 
————, how it derives its name, 39 
————— sles of, pillaged, 22, ib. a, 


a 
Original Privy Council Book, quoted, 344, 
45 
Orkneys (the), . . ss. es 135 


O'Rourke (Sir Brian), Sir Heary Sid- 
ney's proceedings with, $50, m., 351, ib. =. 
O'Rorrk's country, summary of its lands 
and landowners, - . - 346288 
-— its boundaries, 348 a. 
O'Ruark (Mary), . . . . . 138,199 
Ostman sees of Dublin, Limerick, and 








Waterford,. . . . é » 461,42 
O'Talcarain, seigniory of,. . . . Qe 
O'Tooles (the), . . . . » » 380,381 
Owanglinn river,, 2 5. ss 6. HA 
Owangowla, . 2. 1 1 ee ee AA 
Owanmore river, . « is. IA 
Owan Roimhe, . . eis S38 
Owantuidhe or Owentuee river, 107, ib. a. 
i Owles (the), . 44, ib. m., 45, 51, 73, 114, 

117, 8, 119 


465 


Page. 
Oyster-banks, . . 102, 111, 119. n., 246 


P. 


Pall (the), a cloak or mantle of state, or 
of an archbishop, 440, 441, 442 
Parker (Matthew), Dean of Lincoln, 





Archbishop of Canterbury, . ~ . 442 
Partry, . 17, ib. n., 18 
mountain, . . 17, 18, 45 
Partry-an-tslevy, . eis . 45, ib. n. 


Pastimes, ancient, May-games, &c., 60, ib. n. 
Patent titles of Ireland, . 429, n. 
Patrick (St.), . . , 121 
-, his birth, mission to Ire- 
E 438, 439 
—, bed of, ~1IT, n 
———-,chapeldedicatedto, . . 24 
—-—-——-,church of, [nis-an-Ghoill, 186, 
187 
— —- ——.. Hill of, . 45, n. 
———, his apostolic labours in the 
territory of Moy Seola, . . 147 
Paul (St.), church of, . . . . «. 75,” 
——-, chappell of,. . . . . . 9] 
Pearles,. . . ee « « «© 53,ib.n. 
Pedigree of John Blake, alias Caddle, 193, 194 
of the Muintir Murchada of 
Moy Seola, . . . . + «+ » 362, 89. 
of the Blakes of Galway, 212, 213 
Pedigrees. See O' Ferrall. 

Peerage (extinct and dormant) of Ire- 
land, . . . . 15, n. 
Perrot (Sir John), Lord Deputy of Ire- 

land, . 299, 303, 304, 307 
, indentures of com- 
position with, for the territory of Iar- 








land, &c. 



































Connaught, . 309-358 
, his ** Government of 
Ireland” quoted, 307, 308 


IRISH ARCH. 80C. I5. 


Poge. 
Pestilence, . . . ,. « « 113 
Petrie (Mr.), his description of Dun- 


Engus, . 76, 1. 
Pettegree. See Pedigree. 
Pinkerton,. . . . 6. « e . 429, n. 


Plundering excursions at sea, 381, n., 382, 
ib. 2. 
Pocock’s (Dr.) manuscript Tour through 


Ireland, quoted, 72, n. 
Ponies, the Conamara, . 15, 2. 
Pope John the Fourth, . 109 
Porpoises and seals eaten, . 96, n. 
Port Caradoc, 84, ib. n. 
Port doibhche, . 88, ib. n. 
Portdempne, . 33, 34, n. 
Port-eiche,. . . . 2. 2. «© « « « 83 
Portnafedoigge, . 108 


Portriffes, . . . . . . ... . 34 
Portumna, town and manor of, 34, 2. 
Portus-Doly, . . . . 8&3 

Poverty of our author about the begin- 
ning of the eighteenth century, 427, ib. x., 
428, ib. n. 
Precedency, order of at elections, . . 58 
Premonstratenses, . . -.- .. . 839 
Primh Anmchara, . . . . . . 114, 2. 

Produce of the country of West Con- 
naught, . ..- « . « « « 15,ib.n. 

Protestants (English), alleged outrages 
against, at the Rebellion of 1641, . 406, 
ib. n., 407, ib. x. 

, “depositions of,” in the 

MS. Library of Brinity College, Dub- 
ling. . . se si 141 
Province of Connaught, its inhabitants, 148 


Prynne quoted, . ... . . 8311 
Ptolemy, ee. . 126 
Puca, or goblin, song of the, . 284, sq. 


Putting out of eyes as a punishment, a 
custom used by the O'Flaherties, 367, 368 


30 


466 


Page. 


Quakers, . 188 
Queen’s County, . . . 415 
Queleus (Aalachias), Archlishop of 

Tuam, . . . . « 99 


Rabbits,. . . . . .. .- ... 86 
Rafwee,. ...... . 370, n. 
Rahun, Bay of, . . . . . « » + 58 





, parish of, . 54, ib. n., 56, ib. x. 
Rahuyn, . . . » 281 
Rath- Buidhbh, . 370, ib. n. 
Rath-Omachan, situation of, . 14) 


Rats, 82, ib. n., 263, 264, 265 
Rat, the black Irish, . . 10, n., 11, a. 
Rawyn, rectoria de, . 218, 219 
Rebellion of 1641, 406, 87. 


Records, . ee ee 3ú, al 
Recusancv, fines for, 37, ib. n. 
Red Earl (Richard) of Ulster, 46, ib. n., 189 


Rein-Deer, . . 121, sn. 
Religious houses in Ireland, 14, n. 
Rescripts from Rome, . 179 


Rhodomenia palmata, . . . . . 9935 
Richard III. (King), concession of,. . 34 
Riddlesford (Walter), . 2], n., 52 


Rights, Book of, . . 142 
Rivers of Iar-Connaught, . 9, ib. a., 14 
Roderick, King of Tuam, . 25, n. 
Rodulph, Archbishop of Canterbury, . 441 


Roseam burned by the English, . . . 377 
Roscommon, . 125, 302, 303, 413 
., barony of, its lands, 353, ib. n., 

304, 355 
353, n., 354, 
3390. n. 


— --.  . boundaries of, 





Page. 

Rosquam (see Noweom) © © © «6 . 23) 

Ross, eis. . s « 264,123 
——, barony of, summary of lands in 

the, . . . « « e« s «© « óil 

. 6, 18, 21, 25, 

44, ib. m., 49, 120, 122 

——, old castle of, . . . . . 44.5. 49 

——,lakeof,. . . . .« » » Sib. m. 


——, parish, . . . . 2. « » « . 49 
Rossclogher, . . . . . . 346 nn. 347 
Roundstone Haven, . . 104, ib. a. 105 
Ruadh (Hugh), ...... . IO09.a 
Ruins, dunsin, . . - re * 
Rynnmoyle (now Renvile) castle, 119, ib. a. 
——- ——.,chureh of, . .. . . 130 


Ss. 


Sacheverell ( William), Esq., late Gover- 
nor of Man, oe - 261 
Sacred edifices, . . . . . . 74,73, 46 

Sadleir (Colonel Thomas), Governor of 
Connaught,. . . .. . . 426, 2 

Saints, or holy men of the isles of Aran, 
73, ib. a. 

———, reverence formerly paid to in lar- 
Connaught, . 98, n.. 100, ib. = 
—— .-. relics of, . 99, a. 
—----,monumentsof, . . . . . . 15 
Salmon fishing, 103, ib. x., 264 
Salrock harbour, . - 119, a. 
Samphire, . . 66, ib. a. 
Saxons (ancient). . . . . . - 


30 

Schoolesmaster of the Citty of Galway, 215 
Scottish or Milesian Tribes, . 126 
Scrine, Bulla pro, . . . . 161-163 
Sea birds eaten on fasting days, . 67, ib. a 
Sea, Conmacny, . - 920,93 
Seayhsa, battle of, - - « » 368 

| Seals, . 27, ih. n., 106, 111 


- " aw 
Il 


407 


Page. | 


Seals, anciently used for food, . . 96, n. 
, Virtues attributed to the flesh, skin, 

&e., ofthe, . . ee. 97, n. 
——, yearly slaughter of, . . . 95, ib. 2. 
——, fishing for, most curious story re- 





garding, . . . . . « « «© «© 96,%. 
Seaven daughters, the . . 14, 120, 119, n. 
Sea-weeds used as a manure, . . 58, ib. 2. 


Seele (Doctor), Provost of Trinity Col- 


lege, Dublin, . . ee. ,. 419 
Seizure of lands, rents, &c., 58, n. 
Sessions, Assizes, Gaols, &c., . 272, 273 
Shannon, the, . . 125 
Ships, fantastical, . . 31, ib. 2. 
Shoyes (the), . . 44, n., 45, 246, 247 
Shruel, battle of, . 386 


Shruther, eccles. de, . . . « 224 
Sil-Muredhy, . . . . . 371, 378 
Sinach (a fox), the proper name of St. 
Mac Dara, . 100, ib. 2. 
Sixtus III. papa, 216, 217, 225 
Size (human) and strength, remarkable 
notices of, among the ancient Irish, 416, n. 
Skeleton (human), ‘ fourteen feet in 
length,” found in Donaghpatrick, 416, n. 




















Skerde, island of . 69, ib. n. 
Skryne, ‘ . 231 
, Bulla pro, 159-161 

Sligo, 33, ib. n., 41, 125 
, county of,. . 113, 300 
Sligo, boundaries of,. . . 341, n., 342, % 
, indenture of its lands, 340, sq. 
Slimhead, . . 6, ib. n., 43, 44, 111 
— , Cape of, - 109 
, continent of, . - 110 


Society in Ireland, 372, 373, ib. n., 374, n. 
Society (Irish Archeological), objects of, 127 
Songs, Irish, 283, sq., 290, sq. 
Spear, head ofa, found, . . . . . 29 
Spidell, church of, . . . - i 6] 


Page. 
Spidell, riverof,. . . . « « Gl, ib. n. 
Spittle, or bospitall, . . 61, n. 
Srowher, order touching, . , 235 


Stanihurst, his Description of Ireland 
quoted, . ....... . 85, n. 

Stantons (the), . . . .. 47, ib. x. 

State documents respecting Connaught 
in 1579, . . . 303, 304 

concerning Connaught 

at the time of the rebellion of 1641, 413, 





414 
Stephen, King of England, . . . 441 
Stillingfleet (Dr.), remarks on, , 435 
Storms, wrecks, &c. . 100, ib. n. 
Straith-Salagh river, . 107 
Subscriptions for the poore, . 181 
Sunderland, . 125 
Supremacy over the Church, regal, . . 228 


Sydney (Sir Henry), Lord Deputy of 
Ireland, 62, n., 125, 268, 269, 299, 303, 
304 

Sydney (Sir Henry), curiously describes 

his proceedings with O'Conor and 
O'Donnell, . oe . « 344, n. 
Sydney (Sir Henry), account of his pro- 

ceedings with O'Rourke, given to the 
Lords of the Council, in 1574, 350, x., 


351, 7. 

T. 
Taaffe’s Ireland, quoted, . . . 363 
Teampull na neeve,. . . . . . LIZ, n. 
Teaquin, barony of, lands in the, . . 319 
Teglach-Enda church, . . . . . 74,2. 


Temple's (Sir Jo.), Irish Rebellion, re- 
marks on, . ....». © 481, 432 
Templepatrick, . . . . . ©. . 1, n. 
Tempull an cheathruir aluinn, . . 75,2. 
~aphuil,. . . . . . . ib. 





302 


468 





Page. 
Tromra, or Trennrowe, castle oí. 407, 
408, 409, ib. 2., 410, ib. n.. 411, 412 
Trowsers, Close Britches, commonly 
called Trowees, . . . 2. . . 47,0. 


_ Tuam (Premonstratenses’ Abbey of), 39, 2. 


Page. , 
Tempull Assurnuidhe, . . . ee. ib. 
- —-Brenain,. . . 74.5. ' 
---— — Breceain, . 75; N. j 
— ..- — Ceannannach, . ib. n. | 
—— - mac Longa, ... . 74 n.- 
—------~miec Cannonn, . . ., ib. n. | 
———-- mic Duach,. . . . ee TR. 
——- . Lon, . 115, n. 
Terryland,. . . . is . 384 
Theobald, Archbishop of Canterbury, . 441. 


Thierry, ‘ Histoire de la Conquete de 
lV’ Angleterre par les Normans,” quoted 
420, n. 
Thomas (Walter), de Kyltulagmor, 210, 211 
Thomond, 358, 362 
~-— Connor, Earl of, a letter in 
favour of, from Queen Elizabeth, 359-361 





Tigernach the Annalist, . 126 
Tipperary, . $15 
Tiraglas, Bulla pro > Rectoria de, . 168-171 
Tirellan, . . ... . . de4 
Tobarbride, . 33 
Tolokian, castles of, . 55, ib. n. 
‘Tombeola, . 106 


Tombeola (abbey of), or Saint Domi- 
nick’s Abbey near Galway, 105, ib. x., 
106, ib. n., 273, 274 
Tovloghoban, 


Trach-na-neach, 83 
Tract-each, 83, 84, 86 
Traditions, . 27. n. 


. 60, OL, ib. n. 
Trial of Robert Martin for murder of 
Lieutenant Henry Jolly, . 295, 206 
Trial and exeeution of Colonel Edmund 
O'Flaherty, 
Tributes paid tu the King of Connaught, 142 


Travbane, strand of, . 


Tribute paid by the King of Cruachan to 
the Monarch of Ireland, . 143 
Trident spear, mode of using the, 


ee ee ee ee -— — "— 


533. ib. n. - 


412, ib. an... 


29, ib. n. 


———— ony castle of, "ae ‘e ea a . 25, a. 


-——-, churches of, . . . . . . . 379 
—-—, registry of,quoted . . . . 15,2 
— (Christopher, Archbishop of), - 223 
“Tulla, seven bishops of, . . . 96, x. 
Tuluban, . . .. » . - 33, ib, 3. 
Turloch Airt, . . oe se . 430 8. 
Tyreraghe, barony of, lands of, . . of2 
Tyrrawly, barony of, lands of, . . . 334 
Tyrreryell, barony of, lands of, . - 343 
U. 
Uaimh Leo, . . oe - 113. 2. 


Uillinn, grand-child of Nuad Silverhand, 35 


Ullin, field off . . . . . . 33 ib 8 
Ulster, . . 1. 2 ee eee lt 73 
-- -- --, province of, . . 414, 415 
. - ~(Walter, Earl of), . 39 
,Earlof. . . . - e © ew we 


, Red Earl of, . . . 32, ih. a. 


.—----s Earlesof, . . 2. 2. «te . SU 
Un, dwelling of, . - 56,2, 
University of Clonfert, * Orders” con- 
cerningthe,. . 2. 2. 2. 6 we + 306 
Umhall, . . - I, a. 
Ussher ( Archbishop), 439. 440 
— -—, his Sylluge veterum Eypistolar. 
Hhibs., . . . . e . . - . 4429 
V. 
, Vasrants, order touching poore.. IN2, 143 
Vallancey noticed, - . 423 
Venetus OM. Paulus , 435, 436 





409 


Page. 


Ww. 


Wadman (Thomas), a letter to Dr. Mo- 
lyneux concerning Rats, . 263, 264, 265 
Wogan (Johan.), Justic. Hib. temp. 
Edw. I., . 8 oe 189, 190 
Wales, expedition to, of the Connaught 
i . . 880, 381 
- 115 


auxiliaries, . 
Wall, large round, . ... .- - 
Walsh (Father), Author’s attack upon, 

423, ib. n. 
(Peter), his Prospect of Ire- 

land noticed, oe ew é. é 435 
Walsyngham's “ Orders” respecting 

Connaught, . . 303, 304, 305, 306 
Ward, (Peter), gent., county Clare, the 

“ storming” of his castle (1642), and 

murder of himself and family, 408, 409, 

ib. n., 410, ib. n., 411, 412 

Ware (Sir James) . . . . . 380,114 
Warren (Admiral), . 32, n. 
Wars and dissensions in Iar-Connaught, 374, 
375 

Water (christalline), 27, n. 
Water-dog, .- - «+ + + + «© +» + 20 
Waterford, county of, . . - »« « « 405 
________,, Ostmans of, 441, 442 





Page. 
Welsh,. .. . 30 

| West Connaught. See Connaught W. est. 
West-Island, . 115 
Westmeath, county of, . . 415 
Western Ocean, . , 94, 114 
Wexford, county of, . . 415 


, Airdnecolman Abbey near, . 90 
Whales (see Fish.), . 94, n., 109, 183, 184 
White Friar’s monastery in Donegal, 102, n. 


Wild Garlick Isle, . . . . . 25, ib. 7. 
William I1., King of Pngiand, . 441 
HI,. . . . 262 





Willielmus (Comit. Ulton. ), - . - . 83 
Wills and testaments, 418, 419 
Wine island, . . 104, 105, ib. n. 
Wines and spirituous liquors, license to 


sell, in 1616, 251, 252 
Wolfe Dogges, . 180 
Wolf hunters, . 10, 2. 
Wolves, . 180, 181, 182, 183 
Woods. .. . oe 8, n. 
Worship, ancient sense of the word, . 238, 7. 


Y. 


Yoes (see Joyce), .«. . - »- - « « 45 
York, . ...*. . 442 


FINTIS. 


IRISH 


ARCH HOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 


Ar a General Meeting of the IRIsH ARCHOLOGICAL Society, held 
in the Board Room of the Royal Irish Academy, on Friday, the 19th 
day of December, 1845, 


SIR Lucius O’Brien, Bart., in the Chair, 


The Secretary read the following Report from the Council: 


« Atthelast General Meeting, held on the roth of July, 1844, it was resolved — 
‘That the President and Council now elected be empowered to continue in 
office until December, 1845, and that the Annual Meeting of the Socicty be 
held in future in that month; the day to be fixed by the Council.’ 

‘©The object of this resolution wasto change the time of the Annual Mecting, 
which had hitherto been usually held in June or July, to a period of the year 
when a greater number of the Members of the Society were likely to be in Dublin. 
The Council have therefore retained their office longer than usual, in com- 
phance with the wishes of the Society; and on now meeting you at this your 
fifth anniversary, they are happy to have it in their power to transfer to their 
successors the management of your affairs with every prospect of increased 
prosperity. 

“Since the last General Meeting fifty-three new Members have been elected; 
whose names are as follows :— 

a His 


2 


His Excellency Lord Heytesbury, Lord ' 
Lieutenant of Ireland. 

The Marquis of Sligo. 

The Earl of Devon. 

The Earl of Glengall. 

The Earl of Roden. 

The Ear] of Shrewsbury. 

Lord Talbot de Malahide. 

Rev. Edward Abbott. 

*Sir Robert Shafto Adair, Bart.* 

Robert M. Alloway, Esq. 

George F. A. Armstrong, Esq. 

Abraham W. Baker, Esq. 

Samuel Henry Bindon, Esq. 

Colonel Henry Bruen, Esq., M.P. 

Joseph Burke, Esq. 

George Chamley, Esq. 

Francis E. Currey, Esq. 

*F. H. Dickinson, Esq. M.P. 

Rickard Donovan, Esq. 

Peter Dowdall, Esq. 

Charles Druitt, Esq. 

Rev. Thomas Farelly. 

John D. Fitzgerald, Esq. 

Rev. Joseph Fitzgerald, 

James Anthony Froude, Esq. 

Allan Fullarton, Esq. 


—-  —a 80 — — 
rr EEH—R m HRHE— 


eS uii — — i" 


John A. Fullerton, Esq. 
James Gibbons, Esq. 

John Gray, Esq., M.D. 

James Sullivan Green, Esq. 
*The Right Hon. Sidney Herbert, M.P. 
Herbert F. Hore, Esq. 
William Keleher, Esq. 

Rev. John Kenny. 

James Kernan, Esq. 

Rev. John Torrens Kyle. 
Denny Lane, Esq. 

Charles W. Levinge, Esq. 
Hugh Lyle, Esq. 

Thomas Mac Owen, Esq. 
John Malone, Esq. 

*Andrew Mulholland, Esq. 
Nicholas Purcell O'Gorman, Esq. 
Richard O'Gorman, Esq. 
Richard O'Gorman, Esgq., Jun. 
Richard O'Shaughnessy, Esq. 
Marcus Patterson, Esq. 
Lieut.-Colonel Joseph Pratt. 
William Reilly, Esq. 

Rev. Charles Russell, D.D. 
*Thomas Swanton, Esq. 
Walter Sweetman, Esq. 

James Talbot, Esq. 


é The Society has to lament the death since the last Meeting of the follow- 


ing Members: 

Marquis of Downshire. 
Marquis of Ely. 
Viscount Powerscourt. 


Lord Carbery. 


Rev. Thomas Goff. 
The Very Rev. J. P. Lyons. 


“ The Council have still to express their regret that the number of 500 
Members (as fixed by the rules of the Socicty) has not yet been fully attained, 
at the same time they feel that the accession of fifty-three new Members during 


the 


a Those with a star prefixed to their names are life Members. 


3 


the past year, and that without any very great exertion, and with less than 
ordinary attraction, affords a gratifying proof that the efforts of the Society are 
appreciated, and that the hopes expressed in a former Report will ultimately be 
realized, if not surpassed. 

é The number of Members on the Books of the Society now amounts to 430, 
including 57 life Members. 

‘The following works have been issued to the Members since the last 
annual Meeting. 

“J. The Book of Obits and Martyrology of the Cathedral Church of the 
Holy Trinity, Dublin, a large volume, the typography of which has excited 
much admiration. It contains 424 pages, including the Indexes and Introduc- 
tion, which is full of curious information respecting the ancient Irish Saints. 
This is the first ritual book of the Anglo-Irish Church that was ever printed, 
and throws much light on Irish Hagiology and Church history. Every mem- 
ber of the Society who has subscribed for the year 1843 is entitled to this 
volume. 

“TI. The Genealogies, Tribes, and Customs of Hy-Fiachrach, commonly 
called O’Dowda’s country. This large volume consists of 536 pages including 
the introduction. It has also a beautifully executed Map of the district of Hy- 
Fiachrach, with the names in the original Irish. It may be considered a com- 
panion to the Tribes and Customs of Hy-Many, or the O’Kelly country, published 
in 1843: and with that volume and another which will be shortly spoken 
of, completes the genealogical and traditional history of the native tribes in- 
habiting the large district of the West of Ireland, now included in the 
counties of Galway, Mayo, and part of Shgo. To all the gentry of those coun- 
ties, and especially to such of them as are descended from the ancient Irish 
families, these volumes are replete with interest. All members who have 
subscribed for the year 1844 are entitled to a copy of The Genealogies, Tribes, 
and Customs of Hy Fiachrach. 

“JIL Registrum Ecclesia Omnium Sanctorum juxta Dublin. This vo- 
lume contains 222 pages, including the Introduction and Addenda, and 
is illustrated with a fac-simile of an ancient episcopal charter. It may be 
regarded as an important accession to our knowledge of the history of ancient 
Irish Monasteries, and is the first entire Chartulary of an Irish religious house, 
that has ever been printed. In addition to the Charters collected in the Registrum 

a2 properly 


4 


properly so called, this work contains additional documents of the same kind. 
collected from other sources, and thus brings towether all the known original 
authorities we possess for the history of the Monastery of All Hallows, which 
occupied the site where Trinity College, Dublin, now stands. This circum- 
stance, whilst it renders the book more complete, and therefore more valuable 
to the future historian, was the occasion of some inconvenience, as it delayed the 
appearance of the volume much beyond the time originally contemplated. 
When it was nearly ready for being issued, and some of the sheets actually in the 
binder’s hands, a series of transcripts of important documents was discovered in the 
Recorders Book of the corporation of Dublin, and amongst them an abstract 
of the Inquisition of the pussessions of the Priory at the time of its dissolution. 
Without these documents the book would have been imperfect, and the history of 
the Monastery which it contains would have been incomplete; it was therefore 
thought worth while to delay the delivery of it until the documents alluded to 
could be copied, which the Corporation of Dublin liberally permitted, and they 
are now added as *¢ Addenda” to the Editor’s Introduction, having been dis- 
covered too late for insertion into the body of the work. The abstract of the 
inquisition taken at the dissolution of the Pnory is particularly valuable, as the 
original in the Chief Remembrancer's Office has become so much detaced by 
ave and nevlect as to be, in a great measure, legible. 

“Tt is hoped that this volume will be found to contain matter interesting 
not only to the local antiquarian, but to every person anxious of obtaining aceu- 
rate and authentic information of the civil and religious state of Ireland from 
the tune of Henry the Seeond to the Reformation. With this view it was 
selected for pubheanon, and also in the hope that the existence of such a work 
may suggest to such noblemen and gentlemen as are in pussession of similar 
records of the ancient religious houses of Ireland, to communicate them to this 
Society for publication. In Scotland this has been frequently done by the 
landlords who have inherited the ancient: monastic lands of that country, and 
who, in many cases, have not only lent their manuscripts, but also contnbuted 
lareely to the expenses of editing and printng them. The publications of the 
Bannatyne, the Maitland. and the Spalding literary elubs of Seotland are 
rich in the records of monastic lustory, and do honour to the liberality, the 
enlightened taste, and puble spit of the nobility and gentry of that country. 
By the invaluable labours of these and other suniiar socicies., with which Scot- 


land 





5: 
land abounds, the historian has been supplied with the most authentic mate- 
rials for illustrating the civil and religious state of that country, as well as the 
succession of property, the descent of noble families, the progress of art, and 
the state of socicty there at different periods. Materials no less abundant, though 
far more curious and interesting, exist for similar illustrations of Irish history ; 
the means alone are wanting, and for these Ireland can only look to the same 
source from which Scotland has obtained them, the enlightened liberality of 
her chiefs and nobles. 

‘The Council take this opportunity of returning their sincere thanks to his 
Grace the Archbishop of Dublin, the Provost and Senior Fellows of Trinity 
College, Dublin, Sir Wilham Betham, Ulster King of Arms, the Corporation 
of the City of Dublin, and William Ford, Esq., Town Clerk, for the use of 
the several manuscripts from which the Registry of All Saints has been com- 
piled. 

é All Members who have subscribed for 1844 are entitled to a copy of this 
work. 

“ The publications for 1845 are in a very forward state, and will be ready 
for delivery early in the ensuing year. It became necessary, however, to make 
an alteration in the volumes announced for that year, as it was found that 
Mr. Hardiman’s valuable notes and illustrations to O’F laherty’s account of West 
Connaught had extended the volume to a much greater bulk than the Council 
had at first contemplated ; and as it 1s necessary to limit the quantity of matter 
given to members in each year to correspond with the amount of pecuniary 
means at the disposal of the Council, it has been resolved that Cormac’s Glos- 
sary, and O’Flaherty’s West Connaught, shall be the books to which Members 
who have subscribed for the year 1845 are to be entitled. 

é“ In 1841, the first year of the Society’s existence, and when its number of 
Members did not much exceed 200, the number of pages published was 296, 
together with an engraved map, and other illustrations. In the second 
year, 1842, the publications issued to Members contained 696 pages. The 
books issued for 1843 contain 636 pages, and one copperplate map. The 
books for 1844 consist of 758 pages, with an engraved fac-simile of an 
ancient charter; giving an average in the four years of’ 596 pages in each year. 

“é These particulars have been stated, not only to satisfy the Society that 
the full value of their subscriptions has been returned to every Member, but 

also 





ha 


6 


also to shew, what soine appear to have in a great degree misapprehended. that 
without the regulation which requires the payment of an entrance fee of 3/. from 
each Member, the Society never could have been conducted on its present 
footing, nor could the books published have possessed their present beauty and 
value. 

“ The Council, however, are fully aware that they have been hitherto draw- 
ing more largely on the fund created by the entrance fees, than they would be 
justified in doing hereafter. They have done so intentionally, with a view to 
make the Society known, by the best of all possible advertisements, the value and 
interest of its publications: and although the success has not fully answen-d 
their expectations, they hope that the character thus acquired for the Society 
will be found the best foundation that could have been laid for any attempts 
that may hereafter be made to extend its means of usefulness. It will be 
desirable, however, to say a few words more on the subject of the publications 
proposed to be given to Members who have subscribed for the present year 
(1845). They are the following : 

“7. A Description of West or H-Iar Connaught, by Roderic O'Flaherty. 
author of the Ogygia, written A.D. 1684, edited from a MS. in the Library of 
Trinity College, Dublin, with copious notes, and an Appendix, by James Hardi- 
man, Fsg. AL R.ILA. Of this work the text and notes are printed, as well as a 
considerable portion of the Appendix, which will comprise a large number of 
original documents never betore printed. This volume, with the works on Hy- 
Fiachrach and Hy-Many, already noticed, will form a series which cannot fail 
to prove highly interesting to the ancient Milesian and other old Irish families of 
the West of Ireland ; and it is not unreasonable to expect that the desire of 
possessing these curious and authentic records of the history and deeds of their 
ancestors may mduce some of the gentry and landlords of that district to become 
Members of the Society. 

H. Cormae’s Glossary, in the original Trish ; edited, with a translation and 
notes, by John O'Donovan, Esq. Three or four sheets of this work have been 
printed off Tt will certainly prove a most valuable accession to our philo- 
logical knowledge of the Trish language ; but, independently of this, which is, 
of course, its chief claim to a place amongst our publications, it is full of singu- 
larly curious matter, traditions, old proverbs, and scraps of ancient poems, with 
alusions to ubselete laws and customs, and often to historical facts, not else- 


where 


7 


where recorded. The difficulty of translating such a work, and preparing it 
for the printer, has been very great ; every sheet is carefully read in manuscript 
by the Secretary before it is put into type, and afterwards again revised in the 
proof sheets ; and the Council have no hesitation in expressing their opinion, 
that Mr. O’Donovan will be found to have won great credit, with all competent 
judges, by the manner in which he has executed this extremely difficult and 
important task. 

‘¢ Other works preparing for publication, all of which are in the Press, and 
some of them in a forward state, are the following : 

“TI. The Annals of Ireland, by John Clyn, of Kilkenny, from a MS. in 
the Library of Trinity College, Dublin, collated with another in the Bodleian 
Library, Oxford. Edited, with notes, by the Rev. Richard Butler, M.R.I.A. 
These Annals are in Latin, and contain some curious entries. The text is 
printed, and the Editor is now engaged in preparing the notes. 

“II. The Miscellany of the Insh Archeological Society. Of this vo- 
lume 112 pages are printed, and several articles are ready for the Press, or 
in the hands of the printer. 

é The object of this work is, to preserve such smaller documents as would 
not. be of sufficient length or importance for separate publication. The present 
volume will contain an Irish poem, attributed to St. Columba, or Columb- 
kille ; the “ Concilium Hiberniz per magnates totius illius insule,” from the 
Black Book of Christ Church; the award and decree concerning the Tolboll ; 
an account of the family of Dr. Lynch, author of Cambrensis Eversus, and a 
Latin poem by the same author; the Obits of Kilcormick, from an ancient 
Missal, formerly belonging to the monastery there, and now in the Library of 
Trinity College, Dublin; some curious wills and inventories, from MSS. in 
the possession of the Corporation of Dublin: a letter on Irish history, by the 
celebrated Irish scholar and antiquarian, Thady or Teige O’Roddy, from the 
autograph in the Library of Trinity College ; the Charters of the Book of Kells, 
from the same library ; &c. 

‘The Council indulge the hope that when this volume is completed, 
and in the hands of Members, many will be induced to communicate ancient 
deeds, wills, and other local and interesting historical or family documents, 
which may be published in a similar manner in future volumes of the Mis- 
cellany. 


é III. 


. 8 


“ II1. The Irish version of the ‘ Historia Britonum’ of Nennius, or as it is 
called in the Irish MSS. Ceaban Gpeenac, the British Book, edited from the 
Book of Ballymote, collated with copies in the book of Lecan, and in the 
Library of Trinity College, Dublin, with a translation and notes, by James 
Henthorn Todd, D.D., M.R.1.A., Fellow of Trinity College, &c., and addi- 
tional notes and an introduction by the Hon. Algernon Herbert. 

“IV. The Annals of Ireland, by Thady Dowling, Chancellor of Leighlin, 
edited, with notes, by Aquilla Smith, Esq., M.D., M.R.I.A., from a MS. in 
the Library of Trinity College. 

é The volumes to be issued to the Members for the year 1846, will be selected 
from the above, all of which are now at Press: and from the progress already 
made in printing them, the Council feel assured, they will be able to issue one 
or two volumes early in the ensuing year. 

‘The following works are preparing for publication, and will be ready to be 
put to Press as soon as the funds of the Society will enable the Council to 
undertake the expense of printing: 

“7. The Annals of Ulster: with a translation and notes; edited from a MS. 
in the Library of Trinity College, Dublin, collated with the translation made 
for Sir James Ware, by Dudley Mac Firbis,a MS.in the British Museum, by 
James [Ienthorn Todd, D. D., M. R. I. A. and John O'Donovan, Esq. 

“ II. The Annals of Inisfallen: from a MS. in the Library of Trinity College, 
Dublin; with a translation and notes, by John O'Donovan, Esq. 

“THT. Macariw Excidium, the Destruction of Cyprus; being a secret History 
of the Civil War in Ireland under James 11., by Colonel Charles O'Kelly. “This 
work has been translated from the original Latin, by Denis Henry Kelly, Esgq., 
of Castle Kellv, a descendant of the author, and will be illustrated with notes, 
by John O'Callaghan, Eas. 

“TV. Ecclesiastical Taxation of Ireland, cire. 1300. Edited, from the ori- 
ginal Exchequer Rolls, in the Carlton-Ride Record Office, London, with notes, 
by the Rev. William Reeves, M. B.. of Trinity College, Dublin. 

“ An accurate transcript has been made by Mr. Reeves, and the work is al- 
ready in a state of forwardness. 

“ V. The Liber Hymnorum: from the original MS. in the Library of Trinity 
College. Dublin; edited by the Rey. James H. Todd, D.1., M.R. L A. Feb 
low of Trinity College; and the Rev. William Reeves, M. B. 


“ An 





9 


é“ An accurate transcript of the MS. has been made; but the work is one of 
very peculiar difficulty, and it will probably be some time before it can be put 
to Press. 

“ VI. Sir William Petty’s Narrative of his Proceedings in the Survey of 
Ireland. From a MS. im the Library of Trinity College, Dublin. Edited with 
notes, by Thomas A. Larcom, Esq., Capt. R. E., V. P.R.I. A. 

é“ VHI. Articles of Capitulation and Surrender of Cities, Towns, Castles, 
Forts, &c., in Ireland, to the Parliamentary Forces, from A. D. 1649 to 1654. 
Edited, with Historical Notices, by James Hardiman, Esq., M. R.1. A. 

“VIII. The Genealogy and History of the Saints of Ireland: from the Book 
of Lecan; edited, with a translation and notes, by John O’Donovan, Esq. 

“1X. Mac Firbis’s Account of the Firbolgs and Danes, from a MS. in the 
Library of the Royal Irish Academy, with a translation and notes, by John 
O'Donovan, Esq. 

é“ X. Sopama. The Origin and History of the Boromean Tribute. Edited 
from a MS. in the Library of Trinity College, Dublin, with a translation and 
notes, by Eugene Curry Esq. 

é XI. The Progresses of the Lords Lieutenants in Ireland ; from MSS. in 
the Library of Trinity College, Dublin. Edited by Joseph Huband Smith, 
Esq., M. A., M. R. I. A. 

“Tn conclusion, the Council would impress upon every lover of Insh literature, 
the importance of endeavouring to procure additional Members for this Society, 
and to increase in every way its pecuniary resources. Means, alone, are want- 
ing to carry out its objects more rapidly and extensively. There are hundreds 
of valuable tracts and MSS. within our reach, to say nothing of the stores pre- 
served in England and on the Continent, which, for want of funds, the Council 
are prevented from publishing. 

“The most direct way of 1 increasing our funds is that which has already been 
recommended, an increase in the number of Members of the Society: if 
every Member would undertake to procure an additional Member before the 
next Gencral Meeting, this alone would double our funds; and this would 
surely not be impossible. 

é“ But the Council would further take the liberty of suggesting to such Mem- 
bers as are in possession of the means, that the objects of the Society would be 
also very materially promoted by donations towards the expenses of particular 

b publications 


10 


publications ; or Members might endeavour amongst their fnends, whether 
Members of the Socicty or not, to raise a fund for assisting any particular work 
of interest. The Council would be happy to enter into negociation with any Mem- 
bers whose zeal for the promotion of our native hterature might lead them tw 
act upon this suggestion; and it would be easy to make an arrangement tor 
placing at the disposal of the contributors to such a fund, a certain number of 
copies of the work so assisted. 

«The Council would recommend the series of our Irish Annals, such e=pe- 
cially as have been quoted by the Four Masters, and constitute the authorities 
of their work, asa very favourable undertaking to be assisted in this way. The 
Annals of Ulster, and the Annals of Inisfallen, have been already announced: 
and the Annals of Connaught, the Annals of Boyle, and the eurious volume of 
Irish Annals which Dr. Todd once thought was the Annals of Kilronan, are 
all within the reach of the Suciety, and could immediately be undertaken, if 
funds could be procured. Such a series, it is hoped, uniformly edited, in the 
manner in which this Society’s publications have been hitherto edited, muy 
possibly be regarded as a work of national interest; and many, perhaps, would 
he glad to contribute to it, even though they were unable to afford the expense 
of becoming Members of the Society. 

é With this suggestion the Council will close this Report of their labours in 
the cause of the Society: they are desirous, however, of culling the attention of 
this Meeting to a matter of minor importance, but which has, notwithstanding, 
been productive of some inconvenience to those who are intrusted with the 
practical working of the Society. Several gentlemen, and even noblemen, who 
have been elected members, have neglected to pay their subscriptions, and give 
no reply to the applications made to them by the Treasurer; the Council forbear 
to publish names; but they would strongly advise the aduption by the Society 
of the following resolution, to be added to our fundamental Laws: 

“<That no person shall be elected a member of the Society, until the en- 
trance fee and subscription for the current vear be paid to the Treasurer, or one 


of the Local Secretaries. 
The Report having been read, the following Resolutions were 
adopted uUnAMMoUsly : 


a. That the Report now read be received and printed; and that the 
resolution 





, 


11 


resolution proposed by the Council be added to the fundamental Laws of the 
Society. 

“2. That the thanks of the Society be given to the Council and officers for 
their services, and particularly to the Secretary, the Rev. Dr. Todd, for the in- 
defatigable and zealous services he has rendered the Society. 

“3. That Dr. A. Smith and the Rev. Charles Graves be appointed Audi- 
tors for the ensuing year, and that their statement of the Accounts of the Society 
be eT as an Appendix to this Report. 

. That his Grace the Duke of Leinster be elected President of the 
Society for the ensuing year: and that the following Noblemen and Gentlemen 
be the Council: 
Tue Most Nose tHe Marquis oF | Captain Larcom, R. E., V. P.R.I. A. 


Kiipareg, M. R. I. A. JAMES Mac Cuttaau, Ese., LL. D., 
THe Ricut Hon. tHe Eart or LEr- V.P.R.LA. 

TRIM, M.R.I. A. GeorcE PETRIE, Esquire, R. H. A., 
Tue Rieut Hon. THE Viscount V.P.R.L.A. 

Apare, M.P.M.R.LA. . Aquitia Smita, M. D, M.R.ILA. 
JoHN SMITH FURLONG, Ese., Q.C. JosEPH H. Smitru, Esquire, A.M., 
JaMES Harpiman, Esq., M. R.1. A. M.R.TJ.A. 


WituiiaM E. Hupson, Ese., M.R.1.A.| Rev. J.H. Topp, D.D. M. R.T. A. 
“5. That the thanks of the Society be given to the President and Council 
of the Royal Imsh Academy, for their kindness in granting the use of their 


Board Room for this Meeting. 
“6. That the thanks of the Society be voted to the Central Committee of 


the Archxological Institute of Great Bntain, for the promised donation of their 


publications. 
“7, That the thanks the Society be voted to the President and Committee 


of the Down and Connor and Dromore Church Architecture Society for their 
donation of the papers read before them in the year 1844.” 

Sir Lucius O’Brien having been requested to leave the Chair, and 
the Right Hon. the Earl of Leitrim having been called thereto, it was 
resolved unanimously : 

é“ That the thanks of the Society be given to Sir Lucius O’Brien, for his 
conduct in the chair at this Meeting.” 


And then the Society adjourned. 
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‘ALGIOOS AHL 40 AUALIGNAdXA ONV SLdIGOgU AML 40 LOVULSAV XV 
‘SUOLIGAV ANL AO LUOdAL 


IRISH ARCHAOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 


1846. 
Patron: 
HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS THE PRINCE ALBERT. 
President : 
HIS GRACE THE DUKE OF LEINSTER. 
Council ; 
Tue Most Nose THE Marauis oF Kit- | CAPTAIN Larcom, R. E., V. P. R. I. A. 
DARE, M. R.1. A. JAMES Mac CULLAGH, Ese, LL.D, 
Tue Ricut Hon. THE Ear oF LEITRIM, V.P.R.I. A. 
M. R. I. A. Geo. Petnairg, Ese, R.H.A., V.P. RI. A. 
Tue Ricut Hon. THE ViscounT ADARE, | AQUILLA Smita, M. D., M.R.I. A. 
M. P., M. R. I. A. Jos. H. SMiTH, Ese, A.M., M. RI. A., 
JOHN Smita FURLoNcG, Esa., Q. C. Treasurer. 
JAMES HARDIMAN, Esa., M. R. L A. Rev. J. H. Topp, D. D., M..R.I. A., 
Witiiam E. Hupson, Ese, M. HE. 1A. Secretary. 


Members of the Hocietp. 
[Life Members are marked thus *.] 


* His Royal Highness Taz Prince Atsert. | The Marquis of Ornmonpe. 
His Excellency Lorp Heyressury, Lonp | The Marguis of Suico. 


LIEUTENANT OF IRELAND. * The Marquis of W aTERFoBp. 
His Grace the ArcHBIsHOP OF CaNTERBURY. | The Eart of Banpon. 
His Grace the Lorp Primate or ÍRELAND. The Eart of Bective. 
* His Grace the Doxe of BuckincHam and | The Eaat of CABLISLE. 
CHANDOS. The Ear of Cawpor. 
* His Grace the Duxg or LEInsTER. The Ear of CHARLEMOoNT, M. R. I. A. 
His Grace the Duxg or NorTHUMBERLAND. The Ear of CLancaarty. 
The Marauis of CoNYNGHAM. e The Eagar De Grey. 
The Marquis of Downsnire. The Eaa_ of Devon. 
* The Marquis of Drocuepa. TheEanL of DonoucHMoRE. 
* The Marquis of Kitparg, M.R. I. A. The Eart of Dunraven, M R.I. A. 
The Marauis of LANSDOWNE. The EapL of ENNISKILLEN. 


The 


14 


The Ear of Fire. 

The Eart of FINGAL. 

The Earc FitzwitiraM. 

The Ear Forrescve. 

Tue Ear of GLENGALL. 

Tue Eart of Lerraim, M.R.I. A. 
The Eart of MEATH. 

* The Eaart of Powis. 

The Ear_ of Ropen. 

The Eart of Rosse, M. R.I. A. 
The Eart of SuHrewssury. 

The Ear of St. German's. 

The Viscoctst AcnueEson, M. P. 
The Viscocntr Apare, M. P., M.R.I. A. 
The Viscount Courtenay, M. P. 
The Viscount De Vesct. 

The Viscount Jocetyn, M. P. 
The Viscount Lismore. 

The Viscount Lorton. 

The Viscount MassaRgeENe. 

The Viscount Monpetu. 


Rev. Edward Abbott, Upper Mount-street, | 


Dublin. 

Abraham Abell, Esq., M. R. I. A., Cork. | 

*Sir Robert Shafto Adair, Bart., Ballymena. | 

Miss M. J. Alexander, Dublin. 

Robert M‘Alloway, Esq., Abbeyville, Boot- | 
erstown. 

William Antisell, Esq., Ballyowen Cottage, 
Philipstown. 

George F. A. Armstrong, Esq., Trinity Col- 
lege, Dublin. 

Rev. John H. Armstrong, A.B., Fitzwilliam 
square, Dublin. 

George Atkinson, Esq., A. M., M.B., Upper 
Temple-street, Dublin. 

Rev. James Kennedy Bailie, D.D., M.R.I.A., 
Ardtrea House, Stewartstown. 

Abraham W. Baker, Esq., 46, Blessington- 
street, Dublin. 


The Viscount O’Nuitz. 

* The Viscount PatweastTon. 

The Viscount TemPrietown, 

* Lonp CLonsrocx. 

Lorp ALBEat CoNYNGHaM. 

Lonp Cremogne. 

Logp Fargnnax. 

Lorp Georce Hitt, M. R. L A. 

Lorp Rossmore, M. R. I. A. 

Lonp TALBoT DE MALABIDE. 

The Lonp Bisuor of Casugr, EMLY, Wa- 
TERFORD and Liswonga. 

The Lonp Bisnop of CuicHgsTEa. 

The Hon. tae Lonp Bisuor of Croaues. 

The Logp Bisnor of Cong, CLornz and Ross. 

The Hon. tHe Loap Bp. of Desay & Rarsor. 

The Loro Bisnor of Down and Coxxon, 
and Dromore. 

The Rt. Hon. the Loap Bisuor of Krzpaas. 

The Lorn Bisuor of Krrwoaz, Exvrsix, and 
ARBDAGH. 


James B. Ball, Esq., Merrion-square, East, 
Dublin. 

Matthew Barrington, Esq., M. R. I. A., Se. 
Stephen's-green, Dublin. 

Hugh Barton, jun., Esq., Regent-street, Lon- 
don. 

Miss Beaufort, Hatch-street, Dublin. 

Sir Michael Dillon Bellew, Bart., Mount Dil- 
lon, Galway. 

Samuel Henry Bindon, Esq., 191, Gt. Bruns- 
wick-street, Dublin. 

Colonel Robert H. Birch, Leeson-st., Dublin. 

John Blachford, Esq., Moorgate-st., Londoa. 

The Right Hon. Anthony Richard Blake, 
Merrion-square, Dublin. 

Loftus H. Bland, Esq., Upper Fitzwilliam-eg., 
Dublin. 

Bindon Blood, Esq., M.R. L A., F. R. 8. E., 


Ennis. 


Sir 





Sir John P. Boileau, Bart., London. 

Walter M. Bond, Esq., The Argory, Moy. 

* Beriah Botfield, Esq., M. P., M. R.I.A., 
London. 

Right Hon. Maziere Brady, Lord Chief Baron 
of the Exchequer, M. R. I. A. 

Thomas Brodigan, Esq., Pilton House, Dro- 
gheda. 

William Brooke, Esq., Q. C., Leeson-street, 
Dublin. 

Haliday Bruce, Esq., M.R. I. A., Dublin. 

John Bruce, Esq., F.S. A., Chelsea. 

Rev. William Bruce, for the Belfast Library. 

Col. Henry Bruen, Esq., M.P., Oak Park, 
Carlow. 

Rev. Dr. Brunton, for the University Library, 
Edinburgh. 

Samuel Bryson, Esq., Belfast. 

The Chevalier Bunsen, London. 

John Ynyr Burges, Esq., Parkanaur, Dun- 
gannon. 

Joseph Burke, Esq., Elm Hall, Parsonstown. 

John Burrowes, Esq., Herbert-st., Dublin. 

Robert Burrowes, Esq., Merrion-sq., Dublin. 

Rev. Samuel Butcher, A. M., M.R.I.A., Fel- 
low of Trinity College, Dublin. 

Rev. Richard Butler, A. B., M.R. I. A., 
Trim. 

*William E. Caldbeck, Esq., Kilmastiogue. 

“Robert Callwell, Esq., M.R.I.A., Herbert- 
place, Dublin. 

Edward Cane, Esq., M.R.1.A., Dawson-st., 
Dublin. 

George Carr, Esq., M.R.I.A., Mountjoy- 
square, Dublin. 

"Rev. Joseph Carson, A.M., M.R.I.A., Fel- 
low of Trinity College, Dublin. 

Rev. William Carus, A. M., Fellow of Trinity 
College, Cambridge. 

Thomas Cather, Esq., Blessington-st., Dublin. 

George Chamley, Fsq., Gaybrook, Malahide. 


15 


Sir Montagu L. Chapman, Bart., M.R.I.A., 
Killua Castle, Clonmellon. 

Edward Wilmot Chetwode, Esq., M.R.1.A., 
Woodbrook, Portarlington. 

Rev. William Cleaver, A.M., Delgany. 

James Stratherne Close, Esq., Dublin. 

J. G. Cochrane, Esq.,for the London Library. 

Rev. Thomas De Vere Coneys, A.M., Pro- 
fessor of Irish in the University of Dublin. 

Frederick W. Conway, Esq., M.R.I.A., Ter- 
race Lodge, Rathmines-road, Dublin. 

Adolphus Cooke, Esq. Cookesborough, Mul- 
lingar. 

James R. Cooke, Esq., Blessington-st., Dublin. 

Philip Davies Cooke, Esq., Ouston, Doncaster. 

The Rev. Peter Cooper, Marlborough-street, 
Dublin. 

Sir Charles Coote, Bart., Ballyfinn House, 
Mountrath. 

William Coppinger, Esq., Barryscourt, Cork. 

*Rev. George E. Corrie, B.D., Fellow of St. 
Catherine’s Hall, Cambridge. 

Very Rev. Henry Cotton, D.C.L., Dean of 
Lismore. 

Rev. George Edmond Cotter, Glenview, Mid- 
dleton. 

James T. Gibson Craig, Esq., Edinburgh. 

Michael Creagh, Esq., Upper Gloucester-st., 
Dublin. 

T. Crofton Croker, Esq., Rosamond's Bower, 
Fulham. 

Rev. Charles Crosthwaite, A. M., Monastere- 
van. 

Rev. John C. Crosthwaite, A.M., Rectory, 
St. Mary at Hill, London. 

Rev. William M. Crosthwaite, A.M., Dur- 
rus, Bantry. 

Rev. Edward Cupples, LL.B., V.G. of Down 
and Connor, Lisburn. 

Miss J. M. Richardson Currer, Eshton Hall, 
Yorkshire. 


Francis 


Francis E. Currey, Esq., Lismore Castle, 
Lismore. 

*Eugene Curry, Esy., Dublin. 

William Curry, Jun., Esq., Dublin. 

*James W. Cusack, Esq., M.D., M.R.1.A., 
Kildare-street, Dublin. 

Quentin Diek, Esq., M.P., London. 

*F. H. Dickinson, Esq., M. P., Kingsweston, 
Somersetshire. 

(3. Wentworth Dilke, Esq., London. 

Rev. Robert Vickers Dixon, A. M., M.R.I. A. 
Fellow of Trinity College, Dublin. 

Thomas Dobbin, Esq., Armagh. 

Joseph Dobbs, Exq., Clanbrassil Terrace, Dub- 
lin. 

Wm. C. Dobbs, Esq., Fitzwilliam-pl., Dublin. 

Rickard Donovan, Esy., Crown Office, Cork. 

Peter Dowdall, Esq., 15,Summer hill, Dublin. 

Charles Druitt, Esq.,10, York-street, Belfast. 

William V. Drury, Esq., M.D., M.R.DA., 
Lower Merrion-street, Dublin. 

Charles Gavan Duffy, Esq., [Holine Ville, 
Rathmines, Dublin. 

Major Francis Dunne, Brittas, Clonaslee, 

Rev. Charles R. Elrington, D.D.. M.N.1... 
Regius Professor of Divinity, Dublin. 

John Edward Errington, Esq., Greenock, 

Robert Ewing, Esq., Greenock. 


—H 


*J. Walter K. Eyton, Esq., Elgin Villa, Leam- . 


ington. 

Rey. Thomas Farrelly, Maynooth. 

Samuel Grieme Fenton, Esy., Belfast. 

Sir Robt. Ferguson, Bart. M.P., Londonderry. 

Clement) Ferguson, Esg., Lower Ormond- 
quay, Dublin. 

John Ferguson, Esq., Castle Forward, Derry. 

*Edward Fitzzerald, Esq.. Carrigoran, New- 
market-on-Pergus. 

John D. Vitzzerald, Esy., 1, Merrion-square, 
West, Dublin. 

W. Seymour Fitzyerald, Esy., London. 


Rev. Joseph Fitzgerald, P.P., Castletown- 
delvin. 

Patrick Vincent Fitzpatrick, Esq., Eccles 
street, Dublin. 

Rev. Matthew Flanagan, Francis-st., Dublin. 

Thomas Fortescue, Esq., M.R.1.A., Ravens 
dale Park, Flurrybridge. 

Rev. Smyth W. Fox, Richview, Rathmines, 
Dublin. 

William D. Freeman, Esq., Q.C., Upper 
Mount-street, Dublin. 

John French, Esq., Stockwell-place, Surrey. 

Robert French, Esq., Fitzwilliam-sq., East, 
Dublin. 

James Anthony Froude, Esq., Exeter Col- 
lege, Oxford. 

Allan Fullarton, Esq., Westhank, Greenock. 

John A. Fullerton, Esq., Edinburgh. 

Alfred Furlong, Esq., Newcastle, Co. Limerick. 

John 9. Furlong, Esq., Q.C., Leeson-street, 
Dublin. 

Rev. Robert Gage, A. M., Rathlin Island, 
Ballyeastle. 

Bryan Geraghty, Esq., Anglesea-st., Dublin. 

Edmund Getty, Esq., Vietoria-place, Belfast. 

Rev. Richard Gibbings, A. M., Myragh Glebe, 
Dunfanahy. 

James Gibbons, Esy., Ballynegall, Mullingar. 

Michael Henry Gill, Esq., Great Brunswick- 
street, Dublin, 

Rev. William S. Gilly, D.D., Norham Vi- 
carage, Berwick-on- Tweed. 

The Knight of Glin, Glin Castle, Glin. 

Thomas Goold, Esq., Master in Chancery, 
Dublin. 

‘John Graham, Esq., Craigallian. 

George B. Grant, Esg., Graftonst.. Dublin. 

*Rev. Charles Graves, A. M., M.R.L A, 
Fellow of Trinity Colleve, Dublin. 

Robert Graves, Esq.. M.D. M.R.DA., Dublin. 

Rev. James Graves, A.B., Burris-in-Ossory. 

Joba 





John Gray, Esq., Greenock. 
John Gray, Esq., M.D., Upper Buckingham- 
street, Dublin. 


Rev. John Greham, LL.D., Portora House, : 


Enniskillen. 


James Sullivan Green, Esq., 39, Lower | 


Baggot-street, Dublin. 

Right Hon. Thomas Grenville, Cleveland- 
square, London. 

“Richard Griffith, Esq., M.R.I.A., Fitzwil- 
liam-place, Dublin. 

Rev. Charles Grogan, Harcourt-st., Dublin. 

John Gumley, Esq., LL. D., St. Stephen's- 
green, Dublin. 

James Haire, Esq., Summer-hill, Dublin. 

Sir Benjamin Hall, Bart., M.P., Portman- 
square, London. 

George Alexander Hamilton, Esq., M.P., 
Hampton Hall, Balbriggan. 

James Hamilton, Esq., Fintra House, Killy- 
begs. 

Sir William R. Hamilton, LL.D., President 
R.1.A., Observatory, Dunsink. 

James Hardiman, Esq.. M.R.I.A., Galway. 

Andrew Searle Hart, Esq., LL.D., M.R.1.A., 
Fellow of Trinity College, Dublin. 

Leonard S. Hartley, Esq., Middleton Lodge, 
Richmond, Yorkshire. 

Hon. Algernon Herbert, Ickleton, Saffron- 
Walden. 

* The Right Hon. Sidney Herbert, M. P., 
London. 

John E. Herrick, Esq., Lower Baggot-st., 
Dublin. 

Thomas Hewitt, Esq., Spencer’s Library, 
London. 

William Henry Holbrook, Esq., Leeson- 
street, Dublin. 

Sir W. Jackson Homan, Bart., Drumroe, 
Cappoquin. 

“A.J. Beresford Hope, Eag., Lamberhurst. 





17 


| * Sir Francis Hopkins, Bart., Rochfort, Mul- 
| lingar. 
| Herbert F. Hore, Esq., Pole Hore, Kyle, 
Wexford. 
The Very Rev. Edward Gustavus Hudson, 
Dean of Armagh, Glenville, Watergrass- 
i hill. 
| William E. Hudson, Esq., M. R. I. A., Upper 
Fitzwilliam-street, Dublin. 
James S. Hamilton Humphreys, Esq., Lon- 
| don. 
Thomas Hutton, Esq., M. R. I. A., Dublin. 
' Sir Robert H. Inglis, Bart., M. P., London. 
“Rev. James Ingram, D. D., President of 
| Trinity College, Oxford, 
David Irving, Esq., LL.D., for the Advo- 











cates’ Library, Edinburgh. 
Rev. John H. Jellett, A. M., M.R.I.A., 
Fellow of Trinity College, Dublin. 
* Robert Jones, Esq., M. R. I. A., Fortland, 
Dromore West. 
Mrs. Margaret Jones, Kilwaughter Castle, 
County Antrim. 
* William Bence Jones, Esq., Kilgariffe, Clo- 
| nakilty. 
Robert Kane, Esq., M.D., 
Gracefield, Booterstown. 
Thomas Kane, Esq., M. D., for the Limerick 
Institution. 
William Kane, Esq., Gloucester-st., Dublin. 
William Keleher, Esq., for the Cork Li- 
brary. 
' Denis Henry Kelly, Esq., M. R. I. A., Castle 
Kelly, Mount Talbot. 
| Rev. Matthew Kelly, Maynooth College. 
| Henry Kemmis, Esq., 0. C., Merrion-square, 
Dublin. 
Rev. John Kenny, Kilrush. 
James Kernan, Esq., 29, Upper Dorset-street. 
The Right Honourable the Knight of Kerry, 
M. Rk. 1. A., Listowell. 





M. R.I.A., 


c Thomas 


20 


Robert Pitcairn, Esq., Queen-st., Edinburgh. 

* Rev. Charles Porter, Ballibay. 

Rev. Classon Porter, Larne. 

Colonel Henry Edward Porter. 

William Potts, Esq., Dame-street, Dublin. 

Lt.-Colonel Joseph Pratt, Calra Castle, Kings- 
court. 

Hon. Edward Preston, Gormanstown Castle, 
Balbriggan. 

Colonel J. Dawson Rawdon, M.P., Cold- 
stream Guards, Stanhope-street, London. 

Thomas M. Ray, Esq., Dublin. 

Thomas N. Redington, Esq., M.P., Kilcornan, 
Oranmore. 

Rev. William Reeves, M.B., Ballymena. 

Lewis Reford, Esq., Beechmount, Belfast. 

W. Reilly, Esq., Belmont, Mullingar. 

Rev. Lawrence F. Renahan, College, May- 
nooth. 

E. William Robertson, Esq., Breadsall Priory, 
Derby. 

Rev. Thomas R. Robinson, D.D., M.R.1.A., 
Observatory, Armagh. 

George Roe, Esy., Nutley, Dublin. 

Richard Rothwell, Esy., Rockfield, Kells. 

Rev. Charles Russell, D.D., College, May- 
nooth. 

Rev. France Sadleir, D. D., M. R. 1. A, Pro- 
vost of Trinity College, Dublin. 

A. M., 
Trinity College, Dublin. 

Rev. Francis A. Sanders. A.B., Dublin. 

Robert Sharpe, Esq., Coleraine. 

Right Hon. Frederick Shaw, M.P., Recorder 
of Dublin. 

Remmy H. Sheehan, Esy., Mespil House, 
Dublin. 

Evelyn John Shirley, Esq... M.P., Carvick- 
Macross. 

Evelyn Philip Shirley, Esq., M.P., Eating- 
ton Park, Shipton-un-Stour. 


Fellow of 


Rev. George Salmen, 


a eee 


Rev. Joseph H. Singer, D. D., M. R. LA. 
Senior Fellow of Trinity College, Dublin. 

Rev. Robert C. Singleton, for the College of 
St. Columba, Stackallan, Navan. 

W. F. Skene, Esq., Edinburgh. 

Aquilla Smith, Esq., M.D., M.R.LA., Dub- 
lin. 

*Rev. John Campbell Smith, A.B., Glasgow. 

Joseph Huband Smith, Esq., A. M.,MLR.LA., 
Dublin. 

William Smith, Eaq., Carbeth, Guthrie, Glas- 
gow. 

John Smith, Esq., LL. D., Secretary to the 
Maitland Club, Glasgow. i 

* George Smith, Esq., Lower Baggot-street, 
Dublin. 

John G. Smyly, Esq., Merrion-street, Dublin. 

George Lewis Smyth, Esq., Bridge-street, 
London. 

Sir William Meredith Somerville, Bart., M. P. 

Rev. Thomas Stack, A.M., M.R.LA., Fel- 
low of Trinity College, Dublin. 

John Vandeleur Stewart, Esq., Rockhill, Let- 
terkenny. 

Colonel William Stewart, Killymoon, Cooks- 
town. 

Hon. and Rev. Andrew Godfrey Stuart, 
Aughnacloy. 


_ William Stokes, Esq., M.D., M. R.I. A, 


Regius Professor of Physic, Dublin. 


' Andrew Storie, Esq., for the Signet Library, 


Edinburgh. 


. William Villiers Stuart, Esq., M. P., Dromana, 


Cappoquin. 
Rev. George Studdert, A.B., Dundalk. 


. “Thomas Swanton, Esq., Cranliath, Ballyde 


hoh, Skibbereen. 
Walter Sweetman, Esq., Mountjoy-square, 
North. 
Walter Sweetman, Esq., for the St. Stephen's- 
green Club, Dublin. 
James 


James Talbot, Esq., Evercreech House, Shep- 
ton Mallet, Somersetshire. 

Bartholomew M. Tabuteau, Esq., Fitzwil- 
liam-place, Dublin. 

* Edward King Tenison, Esq., Castle Teni- 
son, Keadue, Carrick-on-Shannon. 

* Robert J. Tennent, Esq., Belfast. 

“James Thompson, Esq., Belfast. 

Richard Thompson, Esq., for the London 
Institution, Finsbury Circus. 

Rev. M. A. Tierney, F.R.S., Arundel. 

Robert Tighe, Esq., M.R.I.A., Fitzwilliam- 
square, Dublin. 

*Wm. F. Tighe, Esq., Woodstock, Inistiogue. 

“Rev. James H. Todd, D.D., M.R.I.A. 
Fellow of Trinity College, Dublin. 

James Ruddell Todd, Esq., London. 

Rev. Robert Trail,D. D.,M.R.1.A.,F.R.S.E., 
Schull, Skibbereen. 

Rev. John M. Traherne, Coedriglan, Cardiff. 

George Trundle, Esq., for the Irish Office, 
London. 

William B. C. C. Turnbull, Esq., Advocate, 
F. S. A., Edinburgh. 

Travers Twiss, Esq., F.S. A., University Col- 
lege, Oxford. 

* Henry Tyler, Esq., Newtown-Limavaddy. 

Crofton Moore Vandeleur, Esq., Rutland- 
square, Dublin. 

Sir Aubrey de Vere, Bart., Currah Chase, 
Adare. 


21 


Edward Crips Villiers, Esq., Kilpeacon. 

John Walker, Esq., Prestwick Lodge, Ponte- 
land. 

Rev. Charles Wm. Wall, D.D., V.P.R.I.A., 
Senior Fellow of Trinity College, Dublin. 

James A. Wall, Esq., Baggot-street, Dublin. 

Samuel Hibbert Ware, Esq., M.D., F.R.S.E. 
Edinburgh. 

Charles T. Webber, Esq., M.R.1. A., Upper 
Gloucester-street, Dublin. 

Rev. ‘Whitely, for the “ Portico,” 
Manchester. 

James Whiteside, Esq., 0. C., M. RI. A., 
Mountjoy-square, Dublin. 

The Ven. Archdeacon Williams, Edinburgh. 

Richard Williams, Jun., Esq., M.R. I. A., 
Dumcondra Castle, Dublin. 

William Williams, Esq.,Aberpergwm, Neath. 

Lestock P. Wilson, Esq., North Audley- 
street, London. 

Rev. John Wilson, B. D., Fellow of Trinity 
College, Oxford. 

Rev. James Wilson, D.D., M.R.I.A., Pre- 
centor of St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin. 

John Windele, Esq., Sunday’s Well, Cork. 

Edward Wright, Esq., Leeson-street, Dub- 
lin. 

“John Wynne, Esq., M.R.1I.A., Hazlewood, 
Sligo. 

Rev. Walter Young, Enniskillen. 





FUNDAMENTAL 


24 


PUBLICATIONS FOR THE YEAR 1844. 


I. “Registrum Ecclesie Omnium Sanctorum juxta Dublin;” from the original 
MS. in the Library of Trinity College, Dublin. Edited by the Rev. RICHARp Bert- 
LER, A. B., M. RTA. 

II. An Account of the Tribes and Customs of the District of Hy-Fiachrach, in the 
Counties of Sligo and Mayo. Edited from the Book of Lecan, in the Library of the 
Royal Irish Academy, and from a copy of the Mac Firbis MS. in the possession of 
the Earl of Roden. With a Translation and Notes, and a Map of Hy-Fiachrach. By 
Joun O'DONOVAN. 


PUBLICATIONS FOR THE YEAR 1845. 


I. A Description of West or H-Iar-Connaught. by Roderic O'Flaherty, Author of 
the Ogygia, written A.D. 1684, edited from a MS. in the Library of Trinity College, 
Dublin, with copious Notes and an Appendix, by JaMEs Harpimay, Esq., AL BR. L A. 
Nearly ready. 

II. Cormac’s Glossary; with a Translation and Notes, by Jonny O’Donovax. Jn 
the Press. 


WORKS IN THE PRESS; FROM WHICH WILL BE SELECTED THE PUBLI- 
CATIONS FOR 18.46. 

I. The Annals of Ireland, by John Clyn of Kilkenny, from a MS. in the Library of 
Trinity College, Dublin, collated with another in the Bodleian Library, Oxford. 
Edited, with Notes, by the Rev. Ricuarp Better, M. HE. L A. 

If. The Miscellany of the Irish Archwological Society, vol. i. 

111. The Trish Version of the * Historia Britonum” of Nennius, or as it is called 
in the Irish MSs, Geabap Opetnac, the British Book, edited from the Book of Balli- 
mote, collated with voples in the Book of Leean, and in the Library of Trinity College, 
Dublin. With a Translation and Notes, by JAMES ITIENTHORN Topp, D. D., M. RL A, 
Fellow of Trinity College, &e., and additional Notes and an Intruduction by the Hon 
ALGERNON ITERBERT. 

IV. The Annals of Ireland, by Thady Dowling, Chancellor of Leighlin. Edited, 
with Notes, by AQuibLa Situ, M.D., M.R.T A. from a MS. in the Library of 
Trinity College, Dublin, 


PUBLICATIONS IN PROGRESS. 


1. The Annals of Ulster. With a Translation and Notes. Edited from a MS. in 
the Library of Trinity College, Dublin, collated with the Translation made for Sir 
James 


25 


James Ware by Dudley or Duald Mac Firbis, a MS. in the British Museum, by James 
HENTHORN Topp, D. D., M.R. L. A., and JonN O’Donovan, Esq. 

II. The Annals of Inisfallen: from a MS. in the Library of Trinity College, Dub- 
lin; with a Translation and Notes, by JOHN O’Donovan, Esq. 

III. Macarie Excidium, the Destruction of Cyprus ; being a secret History of the 
Civil War in Ireland under James II., by Colonel Charles O'Kelly. Edited in the 
original Latin, from a MS. in the possession of Professor Mac Cullagh, with a Trans- 
lation, by Denis Henry KELLY, Esq., and Notes by JOHN O'CALLAGHAN, Esq. 

IV. Ecclesiastical Taxation of Ireland, circ. 1500. Edited, from the original Ex- 
chequer Rolls, in the Carlton-Ride Record Office, London, with Notes, by the Rev. 
VWILLIAM Reeves, M. B., of Trinity College, Dublin. 

V. The Liber Hymnorum: from the original MS. in the Library of Trinity Col- 
lege, Dublin. Edited by the Rev. James HENTHORN Topp, D. D., M. R. I. A., Fellow 
of Trinity College; and the Rev. WILLIAM REEvEs, M. B. 

VI. Sir William Petty’s Narrative of his Proceedings in the Survey of Ireland. 
From a MS. in the Library of Trinity College, Dublin. Edited, with Notes, by 
Tomas A. Larcom, Esq., Capt. R. E., V. P.R.I. A. 

VII. Articles of Capitulation and Surrender of Cities, Towns, Castles, Forts, &c., 
in Ireland, to the Parliamentary Forces, from A. D. 1649 to 1654. Edited, with His- 
torical Notices, by James Harpiman, Esq., M.R.1.A. 

VIII. The Genealogy and History of the Saints of Ireland: from the Book of 
Lecan. Edited, with a Translation and Notes, by JOHN O'Donovan, Esq., and JAMES 
HEnNTHORN Topp, D. D. 

IX. An Account of the Firbolgs and Danes of Ireland, by Duald Mac Firbis. 
from a MS. in the Library of the Royal Irish Academy, with a Translation and Notes, 
by Joun O’Donovan, Esq. 

X. Sonama. The Origin and History of the Boromean Tribute. Edited from a 
MS. in the Library of Trinity College, Dublin, with a Translation and Notes, by EUGENE 
Curry, Esq. 

XL The Progresses of the Lords Lieutenant in Ireland; from MSS. in the Library 
of Trinity College, Dublin. Edited by JosepH Husanp Smita, Esq., M. A., M.R.1. A. 


HOHNER